高中英语上海外教版高三上册ModuleOneWondersoftheWo

关系代词指代范围在从句中所作成分典句示例which物主语、宾语①Thebookwhichyouborrowedyesterdayisreallyinteresting.②ThetrainwhichhasjustleftisforBeijing.that人或物主语、宾语、表语(不引导非限制性定语从句)①Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.②Idon'tknowtheman(that)youmentioned.as人或物(在非限制性定语从句中也可指代整个句子)主语、宾语、表语①Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.②Iwanttoreadsucha/thesamebookasyouread.③Heisnotthesamemanashewas.关系副词指代范围在从句中所作成分典句示例when时间时间状语Ican'trememberthatdate(＝onwhich)whenhewentabroad.where地点地点状语Beijingistheplacewhere(＝inwhich)Iwasborn.why原因原因状语Idon'tknowthereasonwhy(＝forwhich)hewaslate.温馨提醒★当关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略。Thepen(which/that)Iboughtlastyearwasmissing.★当先行词为case,condition,degree,situation,position,point,stage等名词，并且在从句中作状语时，用关系副词where引导定语从句。①Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetosaygood­byetoeachother.②We'llseeacasewherethemusiccouldcurepeople.★当先行词为way意为“方法、方式”，且在从句中作状语时，可用that,inwhich或不用任何关系词三种形式引导定语从句。Theway(that/inwhich)heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.比较：Theway(that/which)heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.★当先行词是表示时间、地方或原因的名词时，应注意引导词在定语从句中所作的成分。用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中所缺少的成分。若缺少主语或宾语，就须用关系代词；若从句中主谓宾齐全就要用关系副词。①Doyoustillrememberthedays(that/which)wespentinBeijing?②DoyoustillrememberthedayswhenwespentthesummerholidaysinBeijing？类型用法辨析典句示例只用that不用which的情况（先行词多指物）先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none等不定代词时。Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.先行词被theonly，thevery，any，few，no,little等修饰时。ThisistheverybookthatI'mlookingfor.先行词是形容词最高级或序数词或被形容词最高级、序数词修饰时。①ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatI'veeverseen.②WhatisthefirstChinesenovelthatyouhaveread？类型用法辨析典句示例只用that不用which的情况先行词为人、物并用时。Doyouknowthethingsand

personsthattheyaretalkingabout？当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语时。Myhometownisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.★当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。Whoistheboythatwonthegoldmedal？类型用法辨析典句示例只用which不用that的情况在非限制性定语从句中，只用which。Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.关系代词前有介词时。ThisisthehouseinwhichLuXunoncelived.as与whichas引导的非限制性定语从句既可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，有时还可插入主句中。which引导的非限制性定语从句通常放在主句之后。①Thesportsmeetingwasputoff,whichastonishedus.

②Asiswellknown,heisafamouswriterinthe1980s.as意为“正如……”，后面的谓语动词多是see,know,expect,say,mention,report等；which意为“这点”。Shehasbeenabsentagain,asisexpected.类型用法辨析典句示例thesame...as与thesame...that★thesame...as...像……一样的；像……之类的(as在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语)thesame...that...和……同一个①Thisisthesamepenashelentmelastweek.(这是他上周借给我的那种钢笔)

②Thisisthesamepenthathelentmelastweek.(这是他上周借给我的那支钢笔)such/so...as与such/so...that★such/so...assuch/so...as(定语从句)像……那样such/so...that(状语从句)如此……以至于①Heissuchacleverboyaseveryonelikes.(他是一个人人都喜欢的聪明孩子)

②Heissuchacleverboythateveryonelikeshim.(他是一个如此聪明的孩子以至于人人都喜欢他)结构典句示例介词＋关系代词(介词的选取有以下原则：①根据从句中的谓语动词与先行词的习惯搭配；②根据介词与先行词的习惯搭配)名(代)词＋介词＋关系代词(which/whom)Pleasepassmethebook，thecoverofwhichisblue.数词或形容词最高级＋of＋关系代词(which/whom)Hehastencousins,theyoungestofwhomisclever.介词(短语)十关系代词(which/whom)①Thepoormanhasnohouseinwhichhecanlive.②Helivedinabighouse,infrontofwhichstoodatalltree.介词＋which/whose＋名词①Shesufferedfromillness,inwhichcaseherhusbandhadtostayhome.②Heisthemanfromwhosehousethemoneywasstolen.结构典句示例介词＋关系副词from＋whereHestoodnearthewindow,fromwhere(＝nearthewindow)hecouldseethewholegarden.分割式定语从句(先行词与关系代/副词分隔)Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvitedtotheimportantball.插入式定语从句(关系代词与从句中插入一个句子)Hemadeanothergreatdiscovery,whichIthinkisveryimportanttoscience.省略式定语从句(介词＋关系代词＋不定式)Thepoormanhasnohouseinwhichtolive.Thebeggarhasnomoneywithwhichtobuyfood.温馨提醒介词＋which引导的定语从句有时可与相应的关系副词互换。①Thisistheschoolinwhich(＝where)hestudiedtwoyearsago.②Thereasonforwhich(＝why)hewaslatewasthathegotuplate.【解析】考查定语从句。句意：那天晚上，我工作到很晚，我以后会告诉你更多相关的情况。whichIwilltellyoumoreaboutlater是非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作about的宾语，代指thatevening。本题容易误选D项，错误原因是认为evening表示时间，应该用关系副词when来引导定语从句，而没有仔细分析定语从句缺失的成分。【答案】B2．(2012·安徽高考)Alotoflanguagelearning,

hasbeendiscovered,ishappeninginthefirstyearoflife,soparentsshouldtalkmuchtotheirchildrenduringthatperiod.A．as B．itC．which D．This【解析】考查定语从句。句意：正如发现的那样，大量的语言学习是在出生后的第一年发生的，所以父母应当在那一时期多和孩子说话。分析句子结构可知，“

hasbeendiscovered”为非限制性定语从句，又因空处指代“Alotoflanguagelearningishappeninginthefirstyearoflife”整个句子，故用as。本题易错选C。which引导的非限制性定语从句指代整个句子时只能放在主句后面，而as引导的非限制性定语从句的位置相对灵活，可在前，可在中，也可在后。【答案】A3．(2012·江西高考)By16：30，

wasalmostclosingtime,nearlyallthepaintingshadbeensold.A．which B．whenC．what D．that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：到下午四点半，差不多营业时间结束的时候，几乎所有的画都已经卖光了。先行词是16：30，并且在从句中充当主语，故用关系代词which引导该非限制性定语从句。考生容易误选when，但是when是关系副词，不能在从句中充当主语；that不能用于非限制性定语从句。【答案】A4．(2012·北京高考)Whendeeplyabsorbedinwork，

heoftenwas，hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.A．that B．whichC．where D．when【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他经常全神贯注地工作，每当这个时候，他就会完全忘记吃饭或睡觉。whichheoftenwas是由which引导的非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作was的表语。【答案】B5．(2012·重庆高考)Salesdirectorisaposition

communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesA．which B．thatC．when D．where【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句。position是先行词，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故用关系副词where。【答案】D6．(2012·陕西高考)Itisthethirdtimethatshehaswontherace，

hassurprisedusall.A．that B．whereC．which D.what【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她第三次赢得比赛，这让我们很吃惊。此处which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的内容。【答案】C7．(2012·天津高考)IwishtothankProfessorSmith,without

helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.A．who B．whoseC．whom D．which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我想感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助我不会取得这样的成绩。从句中的help是名词，与ProfessorSmith是所属关系，故用whose。【答案】B8．(2012·山东高考)Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothof

havebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.A．them B．thatC．which D．what【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Maria写了两部小说，这两部小说都被拍成了电视剧。逗号后面为非限制性定语从句，此处介词of后只能用关系代词which来引导该定语从句。【答案】C9．(2012·福建高考)Theairqualityinthecity，

isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.A．that B．itC．as D．what【解析】考查定语从句。句意：正如报道所描述的那样，这个城市的空气质量在过去的两个月中已得到改善。关系代词as引导一个非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，如同”。考生可能会误选D，认为此处是由what引导的名词性从句，从句中缺少主语，所以误选what。【答案】C10．(2012·四川高考)Inourclassthereare46students，

halfwearglasses.A．inwhom B．inthemC．ofwhom D．ofthem【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们班上有46位同学，一半戴眼镜。ofwhomhalf相当于halfofwhom，of表示所属关系。【答案】C11．(2012·湖南高考)Careofthesoulisagradualprocess

eventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeconsidered.A．what B．inwhatC．which D．inwhich【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“

eventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeconsidered”是定语从句，且从句中缺少地点状语，故用inwhich。【答案】D12．(2012·浙江高考)Weliveinanage

moreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.A．why B．whenC．towhom D．onwhich【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知此处考查定语从句，先行词是anage，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，所以应该用关系副词when。故选B项。【答案】B13．(2012·浙江高考)Ellenwasapainterofbirdsandofnature，

，forsomereason,hadwithdrawnfromallhumansociety.A．which B．whoC．where D．whom【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处考查定语从句，定语从句的先行词是apainter，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应该用关系代词who。【答案】B14．(2012·江苏高考)Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea，

urgentlyneededcleanwater,medicineandsheltertosurvive.A．which B．whoC．where D．what【解析】考查定语从句。指人的先行词people在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故选B项。【答案】B15．(2012·上海高考)Haveyousentthank­younotestotherelativesfrom

youreceivedgifts?A．which B．themC．that D．whom【解析】考查定语从句。句意：你从亲戚那儿收到了礼物后，有没有给他们发感谢信？介词＋关系代词中只能用which或whom，根据先行词是relatives(亲戚)为人，选whom。fromwhom＝andfromthem。【答案】D16．(2013届安徽皖南八校三联)I'vereadmanystoriesofLeiFeng，

thisisthemosttouchingone.A．who B．ofwhichC．ofwhom D．that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我读过很多雷锋的故事，其中这个故事最令人感动。先行词为stories，代入定语从句后为：Thisisthemosttouchingoneofthestories.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，先行词stories表示“物”，故排除C项，选B。【答案】B17．(2013届河南豫东六校联考)Onthesecondfloortherearetworooms，

isusedasameetingroom.A．thelargerofwhichB．oneofthemC．thelargeroneofthatD．thelargestofwhich【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在二楼有两个房间，其中较大的那个被用作会议室。句中没有连接词，可知逗号后为定语从句，thelargerofwhich＝andthelargerofthem＝andthelargerofthetworooms。B项变为andoneofthem才正确。定语从句中，若介词置于引导词前，则不能用that而用which，所以C项也不正确，D项为最高级，因是两者间的比较；故也不正确。【答案】A18．(2013届东北四校一模)Everysummer,thebeautifultownwelcomestopbuskers,orstreetperformers，

they'recalled,fromallovertheworld.A．as B．thatC．which D．what【解析】句意：每年夏天，这座美丽的城镇欢迎来自世界各地的优秀街头艺人，或如人们所称呼的那样，叫做街头表演者。as正如，符合句意。【答案】A19．(2013届北京海淀二模)Readingbooks，

takesthereadertootherworlds,isawonderfulwaytoenjoylife.A．that B．whatC．as D．which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：读书是一种享受生活的好方法，它把读者带到其他的世界中。先行词是readingbooks，代入定语从句后为：Readingbookstakesthereadertootherworlds.先行词在定语从句中作主语，且该从句为非限制性定语从句，故用which引导。【答案】D20．(2013届北京东城一模)Samrememberedseveraloccasionsinthepast

hehadexperiencedasimilarfeeling.A．what B．whichC．when D．why【解析】句意：Sam想起了从前他有过相同感触的几个场合。根据句意可知用when(＝onwhich)引导定语从句，修饰先行词severaloccasions,将其代入后为：Ontheseveraloccasionshehadexperiencedasimilarfeeling.【答案】C21．(2013届浙江嘉兴二模)Tradingleatherhandbagsisthebusiness

theGreenshavebeendevotedoverthepastdecade.A．what B．whereC．inwhich D．towhich【解析】句意：卖皮包是格林一家在过去十年里一直专心从事的生意。根据句子结构可知空格后为which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词thebusiness，将其代入后为：TheGreenshavebeendevotedtothebusinessoverthepastdecade.【答案】D22．(2013届山东高考预测卷三)Thate­bookisnolargerthananordinarybookwithascreen

youcanreadnovels.A．inwhich B．ofwhichC．that D．where【解析】句意：那本电子书有一个能读小说的屏幕，还不如一本普通的书大。根据句子结构可知空格后为where(＝onwhich)引导的定语从句，修饰先行词screen，将其代入从句后为：Onthescreenyoucanreadnovels.【答案】D23．(2013届山东青岛质检)AncientRomewasacountry

cultureinfluencedthewesternworldforcenturies.A．who B．whichC．whose D．where【解析】句意：古罗马是一个其文化影响西方世界几个世纪的国家。根据句意及结构可知，空格后为定语从句，修饰先行词country，culture同country之间为所属关系，即国家的文化，所以引导词用whose。【答案】C24．Theboytheteachersconsidered

failedinthefinalexam，

surprisedthemverymuch.A．tobethebest；whichB．asthebeststudent；thatC．tohavebeenstudyingwell；itD．suchasagoodstudent；which

【解析】后半句为非限制性定语从句，which指代前一分句的内容，theteachersconsideredtobethebest为定语从句。【答案】A25．Aftergraduationfromhighschoolw