2023年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案

2023年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案第1卷一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题Whatthegovernmentsshoulddourgentlyistotakeactionsto（

）theeconomy.问题1选项A.brookB.blushC.boostD.brood2.单选题WillthereeverbeanotherEinstein?ThisistheundercurrentofconversationatEinsteinmemorialmeetingsthroughouttheyear.AnewEinsteinwillemerge,scientistssay.Butitmaytakealongtime.Afterall,morethan200yearsseparatedEinsteinfromhisnearestrival,IsaacNewton.ManyphysicistssaythenextEinsteinhasn’tbeenbornyet,orisababynow.That’sbecausethequestforaunifiedtheorythatwouldaccountforalltheforcesofnaturehaspushedcurrentmathematicstoitslimits.Newmathmustbecreatedbeforetheproblemcanbesolved.ButresearcherssaytherearemanyotherfactorsworkingagainstanotherEinsteinemerginganytimesoon.Foronething,physicsisamuchdifferentfieldtoday.InEinstein’sday,therewereonlyafewthousandphysicistsworldwide,andthetheoreticianswhocouldintellectuallyrivalEinsteinprobablywouldfitintoastreetcarwithseatstoshare.Educationisdifferent,too.OnecrucialaspectofEinstein’strainingthatisoverlookedistheyearsofphilosophyhereadasateenager—Kant,SchopenhauerandSpinoza,amongothers.Ittaughthimhowtothinkindependentlyandabstractlyaboutspaceandtime,anditwasn’tlongbeforehebecameaphilosopherhimself.“Theindependencecreatedbyphilosophicalinsightis—inmyopinion—themarkofdistinctionbetweenamereartisan(IE)orspecialistandarealseekeraftertruth，”Einsteinwrotein1944.Andhewasanaccomplishedmusician.Theinterplaybetweenmusicandmathiswell-known.Einsteinwouldfuriouslyplayhisviolinasawaytothinkthroughaknottyphysicsproblem.Today,universitieshaveproducedmillionsofphysicists.Therearen’tmanyjobsinscienceforthem,sotheygotoWallStreetandSiliconValleytoapplytheiranalyticalskillstomorepractical—andrewarding—efforts.“MaybethereisanEinsteinouttheretoday,”saidColumbiaUniversityphysicistBrianGreene,“butitwouldbealotharderforhimtobeheard.”EspeciallyconsideringwhatEinsteinwasproposing.“Theactualfabricofspaceandtimecurving?MyGod,whatanidea!”GreenesaidatarecentgatheringattheAspenInstitute.“Ittakesacertaintypeofpersonwhowillbanghisheadagainstthewallbecauseyoubelieveyou’llfindthesolution.”PerhapsthebestexamplesarethefivescientificpapersEinsteinwroteinhis“miracleyear”of1905.These“thoughtexperiments”werepagesofcalculationssignedandsubmittedtotheprestigiousjournalAnnalenderPhysikbyavirtualunknown.Therewerenofootnotesorcitations.Whatmighthappentosuchasubmissiontoday?“Weallgetpaperslikethoseinthemail,”Greenesaid.“Weputtheminthejunkfile.”1.Whatdoscientistsseemtoagreeupon,judgingfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?2.WhatwascriticaltoEinstein’ssuccess?3.Whatdoestheauthortellusaboutphysiciststoday?4.WhatdoesBrianGreeneimplybysaying“itwouldbealotharderforhimtobeheard”(Para.9)?5.Whenhesubmittedhispapersin1905,Einstein（

）.问题1选项A.Einsteinpushedmathematicsalmosttoitslimits.B.ItwilltakeanotherEinsteintobuildaunifiedtheory.C.NophysicistislikelytosurpassEinsteininthenext200years.D.ItwillbesometimebeforeanewEinsteinemerges.问题2选项A.Histalentasanaccomplishedmusician.B.Hisindependentandabstractthinking.C.Hisuntiringefforttofulfillhispotential.D.Hissolidfoundationinmaththeory.问题3选项A.Theytendtoneglecttraininginanalyticalskills.B.Theyareverygoodatsolvingpracticalproblems.C.Theyattachgreatimportancetopublishingacademicpapers.D.Theyoftengointofieldsyieldinggreaterfinancialbenefits.问题4选项A.Peoplehavetocompeteinordertogettheirpaperspublished.B.Itishardforascientisttohavehispaperspublishedtoday.C.PaperslikeEinstein’swouldunlikelygetpublishedtoday.D.Nobodywillreadpapersonapparentlyridiculoustheories.问题5选项A.forgottomakefootnotesandcitationsB.waslittleknowninacademiccirclesC.wasknownasayounggeniusinmathcalculationsD.knewnothingabouttheformatofacademicpapers3.单选题

Itwasessentialthattheapplicationforms（

）backbeforethedeadline.问题1选项A.mustbesentB.wouldbesentC.besentD.weresent4.单选题（

）inIndia,thebananawasbroughttotheAmericasbythePortuguesewhofounditinAfrica.问题1选项A.OriginallycultivatedB.OriginallybeingcultivatedC.HavingoriginallycultivatedD.Althoughitoriginallycultivated5.单选题（）,heremainsverymodest.问题1选项A.ThoughhiscontributionsB.HemadegreatcontributionsC.ForallhisgreatcontributionsD.Howeverhisgreatcontributions6.单选题IworkasanofficeassistantinasmallbutgrowinggardenequipmentmanufacturingcompanyinCalifornia.Afewmonthsago,mybossgavemethejobofwritingsomesalesletterswhichwouldbesenttotheexistingcustomersofourcompany.Theobjectivewastogetsomeofourexistingcustomerstopurchaseanewproductthatourcompanyhadjustlaunched.Now,Ihadneverwrittensaleslettersbeforeinmylifeandhadnoideaofhowtowriteeventhefirstword.AndevenifIendedupwritingafewlines,becauseIwassoinexperienced,chanceswerethatthesaleslettersandbusinessletters,wouldbombcompletelyandwouldhardlygenerateanysalesforourcompany.So,inordertolearnhowtocreatemoreeffectivesalesletterIwenttotheInternetandlookedupafewsiteswhichweresellingsamples,templatesandexamplesofsaleslettersthatclaimedwould“increasesalesby10000%”.Becausetheyweren’ttooexpensive,Ibought2suchpackages.Bigmistake.Ifoundthatthesamplesandtemplatesofthesaleslettersandbusinesslettersincludedinthemlookedsocheapthattherewasnoway.Iwasgoingtosendthemtoourcustomers.EvenIwouldhavedoneabetterjobofwritingsalesletters!SoIsearchedsomemore,andcameacrossasitebelongingtoapersonlivinginMarylandcalledYanikSilver.Hetoowassellingsometemplatesandsamplesofsaleslettersandbusinessletters.Afterhavingbeendupedwith2suchpackages,Iwasnaturallysuspicious.Ireadthroughhissiteandfoundthathewasofferingamoneybackguarantee.Whilethatmademefeelabitmorecomfortable,IfirsthadtodeterminewhetherthispersonwouldbearoundtohonortheguaranteeshouldIwanttoreturnthepackage.SoIsentanemailtohim(justtotestwhetherherepliestocustomers，emails)andIgotareplyfromhimwithin4hours.Ialsosawacommentinhissitebyoneofhiscustomerswhohadactuallygotarefundfromhimassoonashehadaskedfortherefund.Feelingmorecomfortable,Idecidedtogoaheadandbuythepackagethathewasselling.Well,Iwasblownaway!Thesamples,examplesandtemplatesofthesaleslettersandbusinesslettersincludedinhispackagewerepreciselytheonesthatIwaslookingfor.Andtheywerefar,farbetterthananyofthetemplatesincludedinthe2otherpackagesIhadbought.Iquicklycustomizedoneofthesaleslettertemplatestofitmyneeds,haditapprovedbymyboss,andsentthemovertoourcustomers.Within2weeksfromthetimethatIsentouttheletter,about36%ofthecustomerswhoreceivedtheletterendedupbuyingournewproduct.YoucouldsaythatmybosswasimpressedwithwhatIhaddone!Sincethen,Ihavewrittenquiteafewsaleslettersforourcompany(simplybycustomizingthetemplatesincludedinYank’spackage)andallofthemhavegeneratedexcellentsalesforus.So,ifyouwanttolearnhowtowritesaleslettersthatgetthesale,IhighlyrecommendYanik’spackage.1.Thepurposeoftheletterstheauthorwasaskedtowritewasto（

）.2.Thesamplelettersandtemplatesweresobadthat（

）3.YanikSilverpromisesthat（

）4.To“customize”(thefourthparagraph)somethingmeansto“（

）5.Thispassageismostprobablyusedfor（

）.问题1选项A.conveyinformationabouthiscompanytonewcustomersB.promoteanewproducttoregularcustomersC.increasethesalesofanewproductamongregularcustomersD.explainthestrengthsofanewproducttoexistingcustomers问题2选项A.customerscomplainedabouttheircontentandformatsB.theauthorfeltthathecouldhavewrittenbetteronesC.customersendedupbyrefusingtogiveanyreplyD.theyannoyedthecustomersandtheboss,too问题3选项A.hewillreplywithin4hourswhenhereceivesanemailfromacustomerB.acustomerwillberefundedifhissamplesandtemplatesdonotworkC.hewillgoovertocustomerstoseewhatletterssuittheirsituationbetterD.hewillpaythepostageifthesamplesandtemplatesarereturnedinaparcel问题4选项A.orderitandhaveitdeliveredoverB.changeitandmakeitattractiveC.modifyittosuitone’spurposeD.purchaseitonregularbasis问题5选项A.promotionB.instructionC.guidanceD.introduction7.翻译题Theinitialfundofgeneralscientificknowledgeisaninvaluableasset,buttheyoungresearchworkershouldhavenoillusionabouthowlittleitiscomparedwithwhatheorsheshouldacquireduringsucceedingyears.Astotheprecisevalueofthisinitialfundofknowledge,thisdependstoagreatdegreeonhowithasbeenacquiredandonwhohasbeenimpartingit.(1)Youngscientistscannotrealizetoosoonthatexistingscientificknowledgeisnotnearlysocomplete,certainandunalterableasmanytextbooksseemtoimply.Theoriginalpapersofgreatscientistsdescribingtheirdiscoveriesandexplainingtheirtheoriesareneverasrigidandself-confidentastheresumesofthesediscoveriesandtheoriesintextbooksbyothermenoftensuggest.Youngscientistsconsultingtheseoriginalworkswillfindinthem"itappearsthat”,“itprobablymeans’’,“itseemslikelythat”n,morethanonce,asexpressionsofelementsofdoubtwhichgreatmenfeltandhonestlyputonrecord.(2)Manystatementswhichhaveappearedintextbooksasuniversalandabsolutetruthshave,intheiroriginalform,beenputforwardasonlyapproximatelytrue,ortrueonlyincertaincircumstances.Immediatelyuponstartingonthefirstseriouspieceofresearch,ayoungscientistmustthereforedotwothings.(3)Thefirstoftheseshouldbeacarefulreadingoforiginalpapersorbooksrelatingtotheproblem,writtenbyinvestigatorswhosetechniqueandjudgmenthecantrust.Whilereadingthesepublicationsinamostattentiveandreceptivemanner,theyoungscientistmustnotfallintotheerrorofplacinginthemagreaterconfidencethantheirauthorwouldwishhimtodo.(4)Nogreatscientisteverwantshispupilstobemeretaperecorders,faithfullyrecordinghisremarks,neverquestioninganything.Neverwantingtoaddtoorsubtractfromwhathehasgiventhem.Thesecondthingayoungscientistmustdo,almostbutnotquitesimultaneouslywiththefirst,istoproceedwithobservationsandexperiments.(5)Theinitialobservationsandexperimentswillbefailures,buttheywillhelpthedevelopmentofappropriateexperimentaltechnique,andtheywillgiveagreaterunderstandingoftheliteraturetheyoungscientistisstudying.8.单选题Therecentnewsofthesuccessfulcloningofanadultsheep—inwhichthesheep’sDNAwasinsertedintoanunfertilizedsheepeggtoproducealambwithidenticalDNA—hasgeneratedanoutpouringofethicalconcerns.TheseconcernsarenotaboutDolly,thenowfamoussheep,norevenabouttheconsiderableimpactcloningmayhaveontheanimalbreedingindustry,butratheraboutthepossibilityofcloninghumans.Forthemostpart,however,theethicalconcernsbeingraisedareexaggeratedandmisplaced,becausetheyarebasedonerroneousviewsaboutwhatgenesareandwhattheycando.Thedanger,therefore,liesnotinthepowerofthetechnology,butinthemisunderstandingofitssignificance.Producingacloneofahumanbeingwouldnotamounttocreatinga“carboncopy”—anautomatonofthesortfamiliarfromsciencefiction.Itwouldbemorelikeproducingadelayedidenticaltwin.Andjustasidenticaltwinsaretwoseparatepeople—biologically,psychologically,morallyandlegally,thoughnotgenetically—sotoembraceabeliefingeneticdeterminism—theviewthatgenesdetermineeverythingaboutus,andthatenvironmentalfactorsortherandomeventsinhumandevelopmentareutterlyinsignificant.Theoverwhelmingconsensusamonggeneticistsisthatgeneticdeterminismisfalse.Asgeneticistshavecometounderstandthewaysinwhichgenesoperate,theyhavealsobecomeawareofthemyriadwaysinwhichtheenvironmentaffectstheir“expression”.Thegeneticcontributiontothesimplestphysicaltraits,suchasheightandhaircolor,issignificantlymediatedbyenvironmentalfactors.Andthegeneticcontributiontothetraitswevaluemostdeeply,fromintelligencetocompassion,isconcededbyeventhemostenthusiasticgeneticresearcherstobelimitedandindirect.Indeed,weneedonlyappealtoourordinaryexperiencewithidenticaltwins—thattheyaredifferentpeopledespitetheirsimilarities—toappreciatethatgeneticdeterminismisfalse.Furthermore,becauseoftheextrastepsinvolved,cloningwillprobablyalwaysberiskier—thatis,lesslikelytoresultinalivebirth—thatinvitrofertilization(IVF)andembryotransfer.Forexample,ittookmorethan275attemptsbeforetheresearcherswereabletoobtainasuccessfulsheepclone.Whilecloningmethodsmayimprove,weshouldnotethatevenstandardIVFtechniquestypicallyhavesuccessrateoflessthan20percent.Sowhywouldanyonegotothetroubleofcloning?

1.Whatprocessresultedinthesuccessfulcloningofanadultsheep?2.Accordingtotheessay,inwhatrespecttherelationshipbetweenaclonedhumanbeinganditscounterpartissimilartotherelationshipoftwins?3.Whatdoestheconceptofgeneticdeterminismstate?4.Whatareexamplesofgeneticcontribution?5.Accordingtothepassage,wheredoesthedangerofcloningliein?问题1选项A.Invitrofertilization.B.Embryotransfer.C.Theinsertionofamaturesheep’sDNAintoanunfertilizedegg.D.Theadoptionofphysicalandgeneticcharacteristics.问题2选项A.Bothaclonedhumanbeingandapartoftwinshavethesameconceptionsofmorality.B.Theenvironmentoneisbornintoaffectstheirconceptionsofreality.C.Theconnectionisstrictlygenetic.D.Thesimilaritiesarebiological,legal,moralandpsychological.问题3选项A.Thateachindividual’sDNAdeterminestheircapabilitiesinliferegardlessofenvironmentalmorality.B.Environmentalfactorsgreatlyinfluencepersons’actionsandbeliefs.C.Bothgenesandenvironmentsdeterminehumantraits.D.Identicaltwinshavethecapacitytobecompletelyindependentbeingsandhaveindividualideas.问题4选项A.Hairandeyecolor.B.Achild’sattitudetowardstheirparents.C.Aperson’svalues.D.Fashionstyle.问题5选项A.Thepoweroftechnology.B.Ethicalandmoralissues.C.Themistakenunderstandingofitssignificance.D.Theexactreplicationofdangerouspeople.9.单选题Americawillneveragainhaveasanationthespiritofadventureasit（

）beforetheWestwassettled.问题1选项A.couldB.didC.wouldD.was10.单选题Hewasfiredbecausehewas（

）lateforwork.问题1选项A.occasionallyB.consistentlyC.presentlyD.weekly11.单选题They（

）hisclaimofinnocencewitheye-witnesstestimony问题1选项A.objectedB.opposedC.contradictedD.refuted12.单选题Manyyoungpeopletake（

）radiostothebeachwiththem.问题1选项A.liableB.portableC.purchasableD.cherishable13.单选题In1915EinsteinmadeatriptoGottingentogivesomelecturesattheinvitationofthemathematicalphysicistDavidHilbert.Hewasparticularlyeager——tooeager,itwouldturn（1）toexplainalltheintricaciesofrelativitytohim.Thevisitwasatriumph,andhesaidtoafriendexcitedly.“Iwasableto（2）Hilbertofthegeneraltheoryofrelativity.”（3）allofEinstein’spersonalturmoilatthetime,anewscientificanxietywasaboutto（4）.Hewasstrugglingtofindtherightequationsthatwould（5）hisnewconceptofgravity,（6）thatwoulddefinehowobjectsmove（7）spaceandhowspaceiscurvedbyobjects.Bytheendofthesummer,he（8）themathematicalapproachhehadbeen（9）foralmostthreeyearswasflawed.Andnowtherewasa（10）pressure.Einsteindiscoveredtohis（11）thatHilberthadtakenwhathehadlecturesandwasracingtocomeup（12）thecorrectequationsfirst.Itwasanenormouslycomplextask.AlthoughEinsteinwasthebetterphysicist,Hilbertwasthebettermathematician.SoinOctober1915Einstein（13）himselfintoamonth-long-franticendeavorin（14）hereturnedtoanearliermathematicalstrategyandwrestledwithequations,proofs,correctionsandupdatesthathe（15）togivealecturetoBerlin’sPrussianAcademyofSciencesonfour（16）Thursdays.HisfirstlecturewasdeliveredonNov.4.1915,anditexplainedhisnewapproach,（17）headmittedhedidnotyethavetheprecisemathematicalformulationonit.Einsteinalsotooktimeofffrom（18）revisinghisequationstoengageinanawkwardfandangowithhiscompetitorHilbert.Worried（19）beingscooped,hesentHilbertacopyofhisNov.4lecture.“Iam（20）toknowwhetheryouwilltakekindlytothisnewsolution”.Einsteinnotedwithatouchofdefensiveness.问题1选项A.upB.overC.outD.off问题2选项A.convinceB.counselC.persuadeD.preach问题3选项A.AboveB.AroundC.AmidD.Along问题4选项A.emitB.emergeC.submitD.submerge问题5选项A.imitateB.igniteC.describeD.ascribe问题6选项A.onesB.thoseC.allD.none问题7选项A.intoB.beyondC.amongD.through问题8选项A.resolvedB.realizedC.acceptedD.assured问题9选项A.pursuingB.protectingC.contestingD.contending问题10选项A.complexB.compatibleC.comparativeD.competitive问题11选项A.humorB.horrorC.excitementD.extinction问题12选项A.toB.forC.withD.against问题13选项A.threwB.thrustC.huddledD.hopped问题14选项A.howB.thatC.whatD.which问题15选项A.dashedB.dartedC.rushedD.reeled问题16选项A.successiveB.progressiveC.extensiveD.repetitive问题17选项A.soB.sinceC.thoughD.because问题18选项A.casuallyB.coarselyC.violentlyD.furiously问题19选项A.afterB.aboutC.onD.in问题20选项A.curiousB.consciousC.ambitiousD.ambiguous14.单选题

Theideasexpressedinthearthistorian’sbookaremore（

）thanonewouldexpectonthebasisofherrather（

）treatmentofhersubjectintheopeningpages.问题1选项A.riguingB.accessible...reconditeC.hidebound...reactionaryD.insightful...innovative15.单选题

Youmustremembernotto（

）fromthepointwhenyouwriteanessay.问题1选项A.goastrayB.wanderC.divergeD.gooff16.单选题Thedoctorsdon’t（

）thatthepatientwilllivemuchlonger.问题1选项A.monitorB.manifestC.articulateD.anticipate17.单选题RobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatacountry’sGDPmeasures“everythingexceptthatwhichmakeslifeworthwhile.”WithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,andGDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itisnowatimelymomenttoassesswhathewasreferringto.ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedpolicymakersforoverhalfacentury.Manyarguethatitisaflawedconcept.Itmeasuresthingsthatdonotmatterandmissesthingsthatdo.Bymostrecentmeasures,theUK’sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternworld,withrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowthfigures.Ifeverythingwasgoingsowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry’seconomicprospects?Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-beingshedssomelightonthatquestion.Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslatedintomeaningfulimprovementsforitscitizens.RatherthanjustfocusingonGDP,over40differentsetsofcriteriafromhealth,educationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeenmeasuredtogetamoreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesareperforming.Whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,thereareanumberofconsistentthemes.Yes,therehasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2008globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandeducation,majoreconomieshavecontinuedtodecline.Yetthisisn’tthecasewithallcountries.SomerelativelypoorEuropeancountrieshaveseenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasuresincludingcivilsociety,incomeequalityandenvironment.Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn.WhenGDPisnolongerregardedasthesolemeasureofcountry’ssuccess,theworldlooksverydifferent.SowhatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommonmethodformeasuringtheeconomicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolongerenough.Itdoesnotincludeimportantfactorssuchasenvironmentalqualityofeducationoutcomes—allthingthatcontributetoaperson’ssenseofwell-being.ThesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldandintheUKcouldleadtoadeclineintheeverydayserviceswedependonforourwell-beingandforgrowth.Butpolicymakers,whorefocuseffortsonimprovingwell-beingratherthansimplyworryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevenseeprogress1.RobertF.Kennedyiscitedbecausehe（

）.2.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2that（

）.3.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherecentannualstudy?4.Inthelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorsuggeststhat（

）.5.Whichofthefollowingisthebestforthetext?问题1选项A.praisedtheUKforitsGDPB.identifiedGDPwithhappinessC.misinterpretedtheroleofGDPD.hadalowopinionofGDP问题2选项A.theUKisreluctanttoremolditseconomicpatternB.theUKwillcontributelesstotheworldeconomyC.GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUKD.policymakersintheUKarepayinglessattentiontoGDP问题3选项A.ItexcludesGDPasanindicatorB.Itissponsoredby163countries.C.ItscriteriaarequestionableD.Itsresultareenlightening问题4选项A.theUKispreparingforaneconomicboomB.highGDPforeshadowsaneconomicdeclineC.itisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDPD.itrequirescautiontohandleeconomicissue问题5选项A.HighGDPbutInadequateWell-being,aU.KlessonB.GDPfigures,aWindowonGlobalEconomicHealthC.RobertF.Kennedy,aTerminatorofGDPD.Brexit,theUK’sGatewaytoWell-being18.单选题BeforehewenttoJapanonabusinesstrip,Mr.Henryhad（

）theday-to-daymanagementofhiscompanytohisson.问题1选项A.turnedupB.turnedoverC.turnedtoD.turnedinto19.单选题Thereistoogreata（

）ofalcoholinBritain.问题1选项A.consumptionB.destructionC.absenceD.transmission20.单选题Prof.Flynnfoundnostudentsinthelecturehallwhenhearrived.Onlythendidherealizethathecame（

）early.问题1选项A.toomuchB.muchtooC.somuchD.muchso21.单选题

Ifyoudivide7by3,youhave1（

）问题1选项A.leftoverB.leftoutC.leftoffD.leftabout22.单选题MissHelenalwaysbuys（

）pricedclothes.问题1选项A.higherB.highC.highestD.highly23.单选题Mostoftheleadingfoodshopshavepromisedto（

）pricesuntilafterthenewyear.问题1选项A.keepoffB.keepdownC.keepoutD.keepback24.单选题Hundredsofpeople（

）ontheplaygroundforwatchingtheDragonLanternshow.问题1选项A.contrivedB.conformedC.conferredD.converged25.单选题Whenyouareinexcellenthealth,deathis（

）unimaginable.问题1选项A.nothingbutB.afterallC.aboveallD.allbut第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。brook“容忍，允许”；blush“脸红，羞愧”；boost“促进，提高”；brood“沉思”。句意：政府现在迫切需要的是采取措施促进经济发展。选项C符合题意。2.【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:D第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.文章第一段第三句话AnewEinsteinwillemerge,scientistssay.Butitmaytakealongtime.“科学家们说一个新的爱因斯坦将会出现。但是需要很长一段时间”，根据这句话可知选项D符合题意。2.文章第五段提到了爱因斯坦所受的教育不同。在他青少年时期他时常阅读卡特、叔本华、斯宾诺莎这些哲学家的作品。这些作品教会了他如何独立以及抽象地去思考时间与空间。由此可推知爱因斯坦“独立以及抽象的思维”是他成功的关键。所以选项B符合题意。3.文章第八段提到Therearen’tmanyjobsinscienceforthem,sotheygotoWallStreetandSiliconValleytoapplytheiranalyticalskillstomorepracticalandrewarding—efforts.今天的物理学家们很多都去华尔街和硅谷，把他们的分析能力运用到了实践，并且不断努力来获得（经济）回报。选项D符合题意。4.文章最后一段提到如果我们收到像爱因斯坦那样纸上都是演算公式，没有脚注，没有参考文献的科学论文(getpaperslikethose)，我们会把这些直接放到垃圾邮件里（junkfile）。由此可以推知，BrianGreene是在暗示现在的学术环境——人们不会接受看似非常荒唐的想法。选项D符合题意。5.文章倒数第三段“byavirtualunkown”,指的是当时的爱因斯坦还默默无闻，选项B符合题意。3.【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。由itisvital(necessary,important等)+that引导的主语从句中的谓语动词应该用虚拟语气的形式，动词应该用动词原形或should+动词原形，选项C符合题意。4.【答案】A【解析】考查过去分词的用法。句子的主语时thebanana，从四个选项可知cultivate是一个关键词，其与thebanana的关系是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态，选项C与D可以排除。主句中用的时态是was过去时，因此可以排除选项B。选项A符合题意。5.【答案】C【解析】考查语法知识。Though与however为连词，后面要接句子，不能接名词，所以选项A和D排除；选项B是一个完整的句子，空格后面也是一个完整的句子，中间没有任何连词，所以选项B排除。选项C符合题意。6.【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:B第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.文章第一段最后一句话Theobjectivewastogetsomeofourexistingcustomerstopurchaseanewproductthatourcompanyhadjustlaunched，从这句话可知作者被要求写销售函件的目的是为了向他们现有的顾客推销他们公司的新产品，所以选项B符合题意。2.文章第三段提到Ifoundthatthesamplesandtemplatesofthesaleslettersandbusinesslettersincludedinthemlookedsocheapthattherewasnoway.Iwasgoingtosendthemtoourcustomers.EvenIwouldhavedoneabetterjobofwritingsalesletters!作者在网上买的两页销售信件模板实在太差，他自己都可以写得比这个好。选项B符合题意。3.文章第三段提到YanikSilver将会offeringamoneybackguarantee（不满意退费），选项B符合题意。4.文章第四段提到作者对YanikSilver提供的模板很满意。Iquicklycustomizedoneofthesaleslettertemplatestofitmyneeds“我很快便找到了适合我需要的模板”，之后得到了老板的认可。由此可知，作者在原来的模板上进行了修改。选项C符合题意。5.文章是作者亲身经历，他向读者介绍了网上一个不错的销售信件模板。他是偶然在网上发现YanikSilver这个网址，所以不能说是promotion(推销)，单纯地介绍了这个网址，所以选项D符合题意。instruction“指示，命令”；guidance“指导，引导”。7.【答案】1.年轻的科学家们要尽快意识到现在的科学知识不像许多教科书所暗示的那样全面、肯定以及不可改变。2.教科书很多普遍且绝对的真理最初只是作为接近真理或者某种特定情况下的真理而提出来的。3.第一件事是认真阅读由那些技术和评价都值得信任的调查者写下的关于这个问题的原始论文或者书籍。4.没有哪位伟大的科学家希望他的学生仅仅像录音机似的原原本本地记录下他的话语，从来不问问题，从不想对他教授的内容进行增添或削减。5.最开始的观察和实验会失败，但它们有助于开发合适的实验技术，并且它们有助于年轻科学家更好地理解他们正在研究的文献。8.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:A第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.文章第一段第一句话提到inwhichthesheep’sDNAwasinsertedintoanunfertilizedsheepeggtoproducealambwithidenticalDNA,所以选项C符合题意。2.文章第二段提到克隆人的产生就像一对完全相同的双胞胎。接着指出双胞胎是两个人，除了基因相似外，生理、心理、道德和法律上都是相对独立的，所以选项A、C、D可以排除，选项B符合题意。3.文章第二段…theviewthatgenesdetermineeverythingaboutus,andthatenvironmentalfactorsortherandomeventsinhumandevelopmentareutterlyinsignificant,所以选项A符合题意。4.文章第三段thegeneticcontributiontothesimplestphysicaltraits,suchasheightandhaircolor“基因只会对非常简单的特点有所影响，比如身高和头发颜色”，所以选项A符合题意。5.文章第一段最后一句话Thedanger,therefore,liesnotinthepowerofthetechnology,butintheunderstandingofitssignificance.“因此危险并不是在于技术的力量，而是在对其重要性的理解上。”选项C符合题意。9.【答案】B【解析】考查语法结构。根据句意可知空白处是指代前面的动词have，并且是过去时态，所以选项B符合题意。10.【答案】B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。occasionally“偶尔”；consistently“一贯地”；presently“不久，一会儿”；weekly“每周一次”。句意：他被解雇了，因为他上班总是迟到。选项B符合题意。11.【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。object“反对（一般与介词to搭配使用）”；oppose“反对；对抗，抗争”；contradict“反驳；否定；与······矛盾”；refute“驳斥”。句意：他们用目击者的证词来驳斥他声称自己无辜。选项D符合题意。12.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。liable“有责任的，有义务的”；portable“手提的，便携式的”；purchasable“可买的，可买到的”；cherishable“值得珍惜的”。句意：很多年轻人带着便携式收音机去沙滩。选项B符合题意。13.【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:C第4题:B第5题:C第6题:A第7题:D第8题:B第9题:A第10题:D第11题:B第12题:C第13题:A第14题:D第15题:C第16题:A第17题:C第18题:D第19题:B第20题:A【解析】（1）考查动词词组辨析。turnup“出现”；turnover“打翻，移交”；turnoutto“被证明是”