GRE之OG2阅读真题整合

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GRE阅读真题之OG2

OG-2

Passage16

Rain-soakedsoilcontainslessoxygenthandoesdriersoil.Therootsofmelonplantsperformlessefficientlyunderthelow-oxygenconditionspresentinrainsoakedsoil.Whentheefficiencyofmelonrootsisimpaired,therootsdonotsupplysufficientamountsofthepropernutrientsfortheplantstoperformphotosynthesisattheirusuallevels.Itfollowsthatmelonplantshavealower-than-usualrateofphotosynthesiswhentheirrootsareinrain-soakedsoil.Whenthephotosynthesisoftheplantsslows,sugarstoredinthefruitsisdrawnofftosupplytheplantswithenergy.Therefore,ripemelonsharvestedafteraprolongedperiodofheavyrainshouldbelesssweetthanotherripemelons.

1.Intheargumentgiven,thetwoportionsinboldfaceplaywhichofthefollowingroles?

A.Thefirststatestheconclusionoftheargumentasawhole;thesecondprovidessupportforthatconclusion.

B.Thefirstprovidessupportfortheconclusionoftheargumentasawhole;thesecondprovidesevidencethatsupportsanobjectiontothatconclusion.

C.Thefirstprovidessupportforanintermediateconclusionthatsupportsafurtherconclusionstatedintheargument;thesecondstatesthatintermediateconclusion.

D.Thefirstservesasanintermediateconclusionthatsupportsafurtherconclusionstatedintheargument;thesecondstatesthepositionthattheargumentasawholeopposes.

E.Thefirststatesthepositionthattheargumentasawholeopposes;thesecondsupportstheconclusionoftheargument.

GRE阅读真题之OG2

OG-2

Passage17

Inthe1980s,neuroscientistsstudyingthebrainprocessesunderlyingoursenseofconsciouswillparedsubjects’judgmentsregardingtheirsubjectivewilltomove(W)andactualmovement(M)withobjectiveelectroencephalographicactivitycalledreadinesspotential,orRP.Asexpected,WprecededM:subjectsconsciouslyperceivedtheintentiontomoveasprecedingaconsciousexperienceofactuallymoving.Thismightseemtosuggestanappropriatecorrespondencebetweenthesequenceofsubjectiveexperiencesandthesequenceoftheunderlyingeventsinthebrain.Butresearchersactuallyfoundasurprisingtemporalrelationbetweensubjectiveexperienceandobjectivelymeasuredneuralevents:indirectcontradictionoftheclassicalconceptionoffreewill,neuralpreparationtomove(RP)precededconsciousawarenessoftheintentiontomove(W)byhundredsofmilliseconds.

1.Basedoninformationcontainedinthepassage,whichofthefollowingchainsofeventswouldmostcloselyconformtotheclassicalconceptionoffreewill?

A.WfollowedbyRPfollowedbyM

B.RPfollowedbyWfollowedbyM

C.MfollowedbyWfollowedbyRP

D.RPfollowedbyMfollowedbyW

E.RPfollowedbyWandMsimultaneously

2.Inthecontextinwhichitappears,“temporal”(line13)mostnearlymeans

A.secular

B.mundane

C.numerical

D.physiological

E.chronological

3.Theauthorofthepassagementionstheclassicalconceptionoffreewillprimarilyinorderto

A.arguethatearliertheoriesregardingcertainbrainprocesseswerebasedonfalseassumptions

B.suggestapossibleflawinthereasoningofneuroscientistsconductingthestudydiscussedinthepassage

C.provideapossibleexplanationfortheunexpectedresultsobtainedbyneuroscientists

D.castdoubtonneuroscientists’conclusionsregardingthetemporalsequenceofbrainprocesses

E.indicatethereasonthattheresultsoftheneuroscientists’studyweresurprising

GRE阅读真题之OG2

OG-2

Passage18

Inearly-twentieth-centuryEngland,itwasfashionabletoclaimthatonlyapletelynewstyleofwritingcouldaddressaworldundergoingunprecedentedtransformation—justasoneliterarycriticrecentlyclaimedthatonlythenew“aestheticofexploratoryexcess”canaddressaworldunder-goingwell,youknow.Yetinearly-twentiethcenturyEngland,T.S.Eliot,amanfascinatedbythe“presence”ofthepast,wrotethemostinnovativepoetryofhistime.Thelessonfortoday’sliterarymunityseemsobvious:areorientationtowardtraditionwouldbenefitwritersnolessthanreaders.Butifourwritersandcriticsindeedrespectthenovel’srichtradition(astheyclaimto),thenwhydotheydisdaintheurgetotellanexcitingstory?

1.Theauthorofthepassagesuggeststhatpresent-dayreaderswouldparticularlybenefitfromwhichofthefollowingchangesonthepartofpresent-daywritersandcritics?

A.Anincreasedfocusontheimportanceofengagingtheaudienceinanarrative

B.Modernizationofthetraditionalnovelisticelementsalreadyfamiliartoreaders

C.Embracingaspectsoffictionthataregenerallyperipheraltotheinterestofreaders

D.Agreaterrecognitionofhowthetraditionofthenovelhaschangedovertime

E.AbetterunderstandingofhowcertainpoetssuchasEliothaveinfluencedfictionofthepresenttime

2.Inthecontextofthepassageaswhole,“address”(lines3and6)isclosestinmeaningto

A.reveal

B.belie

C.speakto

D.directattentiontoward

E.attempttoremediate

GRE阅读真题之OG2

OG-2

Passage19

Electricwashingmachines,firstintroducedintheUnitedStatesin1925,significantlyreducedtheamountoftimespentwashingagivenamountofclothes,yettheaverageamountoftimehouseholdsspentwashingclothesincreasedafter1925.Thisincreaseispartiallyaccountedforbythefactthatmanyurbanhouseholdshadpreviouslysenttheirclothestoprofessionallaundries.Buttheaverageamountoftimespentwashingclothesalsoincreasedforruralhouseholdswithnoaccesstoprofessionallaundries.

1.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstoexplainwhythetimespentwashingclothesincreasedinruralareas?

A.Peoplewithaccesstoanelectricwashingmachinetypicallyworetheirclothesmanyfewertimesbeforewashingthemthandidpeoplewithoutaccesstoelectricwashingmachines.

B.Householdsthathadsenttheirclothestoprofessionallaundriesbefore1925weremorelikelythanotherhouseholdstopurchaseanelectricwashingmachinewhentheybecameavailable.

C.Peoplelivinginurbanhouseholdsthathadpreviouslysenttheirclothestoprofessionallaundriestypicallyownedmoreclothesthandidpeoplelivinginruralhouseholds.

D.Theearliestelectricwashingmachinesrequiredtheusertospendmuchmoretimebesidethemachinethandomodernelectricwashingmachines.

E.Inthe1920sand1930stheproportionofruralhouseholdswithelectricitywassmallerthantheproportionofurbanhouseholdswithelectricity.

GRE阅读真题之OG2

OG-2

Passage20

Thenearlycircularorbitsofplanetsinoursolarsystemledscientiststoexpectthatplanetsaroundotherstarswouldalsoresideincircularorbits.However,mostknownextrasolarplanetsresideinhighlyelongated,notcircular,orbits.Why?Thebestclueesfrometsinoursolarsystem.Cometsformedincircularorbitsbutweregravitationallyflungintotheirpresent-dayellipticalorbitswhentheyventuredtooclosetoplanets.Astronomerssuspectthatpairsofplanetsalsoengageinthisslingshotactivity,leavingthemindisturbed,ellipticalorbits.Iftwoplanetsformincloseorbits,onewillbescatteredinward(towarditsstar),theotheroutward.Theywilllikelythentravelcloseenoughtoneighboringplanetstodisturbtheirorbitsalso.

Forthefollowingquestion,consider