2022-2023学年陕西省咸阳市重点中学高二（下）第二次月考英语试卷-普通用卷

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年陕西省咸阳市重点中学高二（下）第二次月考英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AUniversityofWisconsin-RiverFalls

StudentCustodian（保管人）PositionDescriptionTitle：StudentCustodian

Department：FacilitiesManagement

Reportsto：CustodialServicesChief

Appointment：AcademicYear2022-2023

Payment：＄7.50perhour

PositionSummary：

TheFacilitiesManagementStudentCustodianpositionisanundergraduatestudentemployeeworkingintheacademicbuildingsofcampustoassistpermanentstaffinprovidingbasiccustodialduties.Thispositionrequiresearlymorningandmidmorninghoursstartingasearlyas6：00a.m.

Responsibilities：

*Maintainclassroomsandlabsthroughcleaningfloors，blackboards，erasers；replacingchalks；straighteningfurniture；removinggarbage；cleaningwastebaskets，furniture，glass，doors，walls，andothersurfaces.

*Performminorbuildingandfurniturerepair.

*Maintainoutsideentryareasthroughtheremovalofsnow，litter，leaves，etc.

*Attendmeetings，safetytraining，etc.

QualificationsandConditionsofEmployment：

*Mustbeenrolled（注册）asafull-timestudentduringtheperiodofemployment.

*Agradepointaverage（GPA）of2.25orhigherbeforeandduringemployment.

*Mustpossessthephysicalandmentalstrengthtoperformrequiredworkincludingbeingabletobend，movefurniture，andworkonone'sfeetforlongperiodsoftimeincludingfrequentliftingofupto50poundsormore.（*Mustattendcustodialstaffmeetingseverytwoweeks.）1.Whichofthefollowingdescribesthepositionrightly？______A.Itisavoluntaryjob.

B.Itisanassistancejob.

C.Itisanafternoonjob.

D.Itisprovidedforagraduatestudent.2.WhatwillaStudentCustodiando？______A.Purchasenewfurniture.

B.Keepclassroomsclean.

C.Assiststudentstodotheirstudies.

D.Providesafetytrainingforstudents.3.Whatisrequiredforanemployee？______A.Thegradepointaverageshouldbe2.5atleast.

B.Attendingstaffmeetingsweekly.

C.Havingenoughstrengthtomovefurniture.

D.Beingenrolledasafull-timeteacher.BOverthepastthreedecades，an81-year-oldChinesemanhasbeenoperatingasmallzoo.ThezooinEnshi，HubeiProvince，iscalledthe"world'sloneliestzoo"becausefewpeoplevisitit.Mostoftheanimalsthereareunhealthy.

LuoYingjiubegankeepinganimalsathomeinthe1980s.Afterseeingwildanimalskeptincagesforsaleatamarket，Luoboughtthemandtookthemhometogivethemmedicaltreatment.Hereleased（释放）thoseabletoliveontheirownintothewildandcontinuedtoraisethosethatcouldnotliveindependently.Thereweresomanyanimalsinhishousethatthelocalgovernmentsuggestedheopenazoo.Withthegovernment'sfinancialaid，thezoowasopenedin1989，theonlyoneinthecityatthattime.Duringitspeaktime，thezoohadsomebiganimals，includingatigerandalion.Thebusinesslaterbecameworsebecausevisitorswerenotinterestedinthezoo's"old，weak，sickanddisabled"animals.

Usinghispension（退休金）tooperatethezoo，Mr.Luorefusedtolistentootherpeople'sadvicetocloseit."Itisnotjustazoo；itprovidesthehabitatfortheanimals，"heexplained."Ifthezooisclosed，wherecantheseanimalsgo？Theycannotevensurviveinthewild."

Asheoperatesthezoo，hekeepsonrescuinganimals.Ablackbearwithonepawinjuredwassaved17yearsago.AdognamedDianziwassavedwhenitsformerownerplannedtoabandon（遗弃）it.Amonkeythathasbeenatthezoofornearly30yearsisalmostblindbecauseofcameraflashesfromvisitorswhotookphotos.Forthoseanimalsthatdied，Luoburiedthemonthenearbymountain.

Luosaidherememberseveryanimal'sname."Animalsandhumansarebornequal，"hesaid."Weshouldrespecttheirrighttosurvive."4.Whyisthezoocalledthe"world'sloneliestzoo"？______A.Therearefewanimalsinthezoo.

B.Fewpeopleknowtheoldman.

C.Therearen'tmanypeoplevisitingthezoo.

D.Thegatekeeperlostfamilymembers.5.HowdidLuogettheanimalsoriginally？______A.Bybuyingsomeanimalslockedincages.

B.Bystealingorhuntingsomebiganimals.

C.Byfindinganimalsreleasedfromotherzoos.

D.Bypickingupdyinganimalsinthewild.6.WhatwasthereasonwhyLuo'sbusinesswentworse？______A.Visitorstooknointerestintheunhealthyanimals.

B.Localgovernmentrefusedtoofferfinancialsupport.

C.Heusedupallofhispensionsothatthezoowasclosed.

D.Childrenwerefrightenedbythewildtigerandlion.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLuoYingjiu？______A.Adventurousandhumorous. B.Warm-heartedanddetermined.

C.Creativeandoutgoing. D.Generousandfunny.CTheHadzahunter-gatherersofTanzanialivealifethathasnotchangedmuchovertenthousandyears.Theyhavenocrops，nohouseanimals，nopermanentshelters.Inspiteoflongexposuretoagriculturalistgroupsaroundthem，theHadzahavemaintainedtheirlifestyle.

Thestoryofthespreadofagricultureisthestoryofgrowingpopulationdensity（密度）.Villagesformed，thencities，thennations.Agriculture'srise，however，camewithaprice.Itintroducedinfectiousdiseases，socialinequality，occasionalfamines（饥荒）andwar.ProfessorJaredDiamondofUCLA（UniversityofCalifornia，LosAngeles）hascalledtheadoptionofagriculture"theworstmistakeinhumanhistory"—amistakefromwhichwehaveneverrecovered.

LookingattheHadza，youcanseewhyhecametothisconclusion.Theydonotengageinwarfare.Theydonotlivedensely（稠密地）enoughtobethreatenedbyaninfectiousoutbreak.Theyhavenoknownhistoryoffamine（饥荒）.TheHadzadietismorestable（稳定的）andvariedthanthatofmostoftheworld'scitizens.Theylivealmostentirelyfreeofpossessions.Theyenjoyanextraordinaryamountofleisuretime，"working"—activelypursuingfood—onlyfourtosixhoursaday.

ThechiefreasontheHadzahavebeenabletomaintaintheirlifestylesolongisthattheirhomelandisnotaninvitingplace.Recently，however，populationgrowthhasbroughtafloodofpeopleintoHadzalands.Theregionhasgenerallybeenviewedbyoutsidersasunused，aPlaceinneedofdevelopment.TheHadza，whobynaturearenotacombative（好战的）people，havealmostalwaysmovedawayinsteadoffighting.

TherearemanythingstoenvyabouttheHadza，mostlywhatfreespiritstheyappeartobe.Freefromschedules，jobs，bosses，bills，traffic，taxes，laws，socialdutiesandmoney.Butwhoofuscouldlivelikethem？It'sincrediblyrisky.Medicalhelpisfaraway.Onebadfallfromatree，onebitefromasnake，andyou'redead.Thefactisthatit'stoolateforustogobacktotheHadzalifestyle.Ofgreaterconcernisthatsoonitmaybeimpossibleforthemtomaintaintheirs.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"It"inparagraph2referto？______A.Agriculture'srise. B.Thegrowthofpopulation.

C.Theformationofvillage. D.Theappearanceofacity.9.What'sthecharacteristicoftheHadza？______A.Theyarealwaysbusyinallseasons.

B.Theylikefightingwiththeothernations.

C.Theyareofteninhungerbecauseoffight.

D.Theyarealwaysleadingafreelifewithoutfight.10.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph？______A.It'sconvenientforthepeopleofHadzatogetmedicalcare.

B.It'sworthvisitingthebeautifulsceneryoftheHadza.

C.VisitorscanbewelcomedwarmlybythepeopleoftheHadza.

D.TheauthorisworriedaboutthecurrentsituationoftheHadza.11.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext？______A.AgricultureoftheHadza B.TheUniqueHadzaLifestyle

C.TheAttractiveDietoftheHadza D.TheMedicalCareoftheHadzaDNadaNafisa，AyaAlZayedandFatimahGhazi，all16，aregrade10pupilsatGEMSAlKhaleejInternationalSchool.TheyhavecreatedtheEco-currentenergyproductionunitthatharvests"leftover"electronstoharness（利用）electricityfromplants.

NafisaandherfriendscameupwiththeideaofEco-currentforaschoolcompetition.Theydecidedtoworkoncleanenergyinacreativeway.AndthentheyshowedEco-currentatExpo2020Dubai.

ThepupilsfoundresearchfromtheNetherlandsaboutproducingenergyfromplantsusingarunofelectrons.Thisapproachtowardsgreenenergydoesnotharmtheplant.Fornow，thepupilsknowthatthetechnologycanbeusedtopowerphonesorsmallerdevices，usingelectricityproducedfrommoss（苔藓）.Withbiggerunitsandmoreresearchonthemostsuitabletypesofplants，thepupilsaresanguinelargermachinescanbepowered—suchaswashingmachines，coffeemachines，andevenahouse.

Fellow（同事的）teammemberAlZayedsaid，"OurschoolconductsaSteam（science，technology，engineering，artsandmathematics）ExhibitionDayeveryyear，wherewehavetoshowourproposedsolutiontodifferentproblems.Wechosethecleanenergycategoryandstartedresearchingnewtechnologiesthatcanbeusedforproducinggreenenergy.Wefoundthatwecanproduceenergyfromplants.AgroupofscientiststhatstartedthisideaintheNetherlandsinspiredusandwethoughtofimprovingit."

AnotherteammemberFatimahGhazisaid，"Wedefinitelyhopethatwewillbeabletofinishourworkandbuildthefinalprototype（原型）thatwillworkwellandproduceenoughenergytopowerahouseatanaffordablecost."

RubaTarabay，MiddleSchoolscienceleadatGEMSAlKhaleejInternationalSchool，said，"IwassoexcitedtoseethattheywereabletoshowtheirprojectatExpoandthejudgeswerereallyimpressedwiththisideaofproducingcleanenergyforourfuture."12.Whatdothefirstthreeparagraphsmainlytellus？______A.Differentmethodsofproducingelectricityinmodernsociety.

B.TheperformanceofNadaNafisaandherfellowsatExpo2020Dubai.

C.Theadvantagesofusing"leftover"electronictoproduceelectricity.

D.HowNadaNafisaandherfellowsdevelopedthenewenergy.13.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword"sanguine"inparagraph3？______A.Doubtful. B.Curious. C.Confident. D.Critical.14.WheredidNadaNafisaandherfellowsproduceenergyfrom？______A.Solarpower. B.Sea. C.Wind. D.Plants.15.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage？______A.NadaNafisaandherfellowsareambitiousandcreative.

B.Itisimpossibleforplantstoprovidecleanenergy.

C.Localgovernmentisopposedtothepupils'plan.

D.Thepupilshaveproducedenoughenergytopoweranaffordablehouse.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）WaystoCheerUpaColleague（同事）Thedifferencebetweensuccessandfailureisagreatteam.（1）______Whatshouldyoudoifyourcolleagueisstressingaboutadeadline，goingthroughabreakup？Trythesesimplewaystocheerthemupinanysituationandturnanyfrown（皱眉）upsidedown：

Askopen-endedquestionsandbeagoodlistener.

（2）______Ifyourcolleaguecan'tsharetheirfeelingsfreely，thatmakesasituationmorecomplicated.Inthiscase，askingopen-endedquestionsisthewaytoenabletheflowofideas—youdon'treallyneedtotalkalot，justshowyourinterestandlistencarefully.

Shareawalk

Besidesnumeroushealthbenefits，walkingalsoisagreatstress-relievingandmeditativeactivity.（3）______Also，considergoingtothecinemaortheatre，hangingoutinthecluboreatingoutinthepark，drinkingcoffeeatthecafeorgoingshopping—makesurethatyouchoosetheactivitytheyenjoyandact.

（4）______Asimplehugandafriendlysmilecanbreaktheiceandmakeanotherfeelmuchbetter.Huggingisespeciallyhelpfulwhenyoudon'thavetherightwords.Moreover，arecentresearchshowsthathuggingcausesthereleaseofoxytocin（催产素），achemicalknownasanaturalstressreliever.

Motivatethemwithpowerfulpositiveteamquotes.

Wisebossesoftenbeginorendahuddlebysharingaworkingtogetherquotestheyknowthatit'saveryeffectivewaytocheeruptheirworkers.So，justdothesamething：（5）______

A.Givethemahug.

B.Shareaninfluentialquotetoinspireyourupsetcolleague.

C.Whatwouldyoulikemetodoforyoutotackleproblems？

D.Makesurethatyourcolleagueisreadytoacceptyourhelp.

E.Sometimesit'senoughjusttospeakouttofeelahugerelief.

F.Howcanyouhelpdealwithothers'badmood，problems，andbadluck？

G.So，don'tmissthisopportunitytocheerupyourcolleaguebysharingarelaxingwalk.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）Haveyouseentheincredibleguitar-playingofmanbornwithnoarms？Themusicianwhowasbornwithoutarmsisbeing（1）______forhisgreatestguitar-playingskillsinashortdocumentary（纪实的）videowhichshowshimplayingtheinstrumentwithhis（2）______.

MarkGoffeney，46，ofSanDiego，whois（3）______as"BigToe"becauseofthewayheplaystheguitar，showshowhebecameatalentedperformerdespitehis（4）______intheinspiringvideo.

"Ifirst（5）______theinstrumentwhenIwasnine，aftermyfatherbroughthomeabeat-up（6）______withonlyfourstrings.Myfirstguitarcamefromsomeplacelikealandfill（垃圾场），"saysMark，whoaddsthathebecame"（7）______"aboutbecomingamusicianatage12.

Markdevotedeverywakinghourtosearchinghistownandtryingtojoina（8）______，butraninto（9）______becauseofhisdisability.（10）______，hestartedhisownrockband，calledWickedMisfit，andbeganbookinggigs（特约演奏）inCalifornia.

Thingswere（11）______professionallyforMarkbecauseofhisdisability.Buteverything（12）______whenhestartedplayingmusicfromtheheart.

"WhenI（13）______chasingthisfantasydreamofbeingarockstarandjuststartedplayingmusictomakewhatevermilkmoneyIcouldto（14）______myfamily，everythingstartedfeelinggoodand（15）______outforme，"heshares.

Today，Mark（16）______withhisband，BigToe，andalsobecomesastreet-performerinCalifornia，wherehemakesquitegoodmoney（17）______bypassers-by.

In2000，Mark（18）______inFoxTelevision'sEmmy-nominatedcommercial"Feet"，inwhichamanwho（19）______followingsportsonFox'swebsiteisseendoingeverythingwiththisfeet—including（20）______hisbaby'sdiaper（尿布）.TheamusingadranduringtheSuperBowlinboth2000and2001.21.

A.named B.chosen C.congratulated D.recognized22.

A.fingers B.feet C.hands D.arms23.

A.served B.known C.ignored D.treated24.

A.disability B.courage C.belief D.pain25.

A.pickedout B.setaside C.tookup D.dealtwith26.

A.drum B.violin C.piano D.guitar27.

A.serious B.curious C.confident D.particular28.

A.family B.party C.band D.society29.

A.chances B.difficulties C.activities D.comments30.

A.Besides B.However C.Otherwise D.Therefore31.

A.tough B.easy C.interesting D.encouraging32.

A.formed B.happened C.changed D.paused33.

A.finished B.enjoyed C.began D.stopped34.

A.support B.lead C.miss D.amuse35.

A.going B.looking C.working D.spotting36.

A.acts B.performs C.travels D.moves37.

A.raised B.dropped C.thrown D.donated38.

A.starred B.set C.reported D.replied39.

A.hates B.loves C.joins D.watches40.

A.smelling B.making C.changing D.exchanging四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.Inthehistoryofscience，therehavebeenbigdiscoveriesandlittlediscoveries，fantasticfindingsandunknown（1）______（observe）.Buthere'saveryspecialcase：AprofessoratBrighamYoungUniversityisgainingattentionfordiscoveringnothing.

ProfessorByronAdamsleadsateamthatfoundapieceoflandwith（2）______（absolute）nolivingthingsandnoevidencethatanythingeverlivedthere.The"deadzone"isinAntarctica，（3）______it'snotontheice.It'sontheground."That'sreally（4）______（surprise），"Adamssaidinaninterview，"because，youknow，inanyotherplacethatyougotoonEarthyouwouldfindmicrobes（微生物）."

Adams（5）______（travel）toAntarcticaalmosteveryyearforthelast20years.（6）______（he）primaryinterestisstudyingsoilsamples（7）______（see）howecosystemshaveadapted，overtensofthousandsofyears，（8）______climate.WhenhisresearchteamwentintoanAntarcticregionknownastheDryValleys，wherehugeglaciersdisappearedthousandsofyearsago，somethingcompletelyunexpected（9）______（discover）.Theyfound，exactly，nothing."Wecouldn'tevenidentifyDNAinthesesamples，"Adamssaid.He'snotsure（10）______bigthe"deadzone"is.Hethinksit'sprobablylessthan50squaremiles.Thefindingmaybeofgreatimportancewhenitcomestothequestionofwhetherwewilleverfindlifeontheotherplanet.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Iwaswalkinghomeatoneo'clockinthemorningafteratiredpracticeatthetheatre.Aboutablockfrommyapartment，Iheardasoundbehindhim.Honestly，thenoisemademenervously，soIstartedtorun.NotuntilIarrivedtomyapartmentandunlockedthedoorIrealizewhatthenoisehadbeen.Ithasbeenmywalletfallingtothesidewalk（人行道）.Iranbackandmywalletwasnowheretobefound.JustasIwasabouttogivingup，Iheardagarbage（垃圾）truckpulluptothesidewalknexttome.Thedooropened，andoutjumpedaman，"Isthiswhichyou'relookingfor？"Atthatmoment，Irealizedthatactsofkindnesswereexistedeverywhere.六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）43.假定你是李华，你的留学生朋友Tom发邮件邀请你本周末和他去参观科技馆，但你需要去医院照看生病的母亲，请你给他回复一封邮件，内容包括：

（1）表示歉意；

（2）说明理由；

（3）表达期望。

注意：

（1）词数100左右；

（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、B、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Position

Summary部分The

Facilities

Management

Student

Custodian

position

is

an

undergraduate

student

employee

working

in

the

academic

buildings

of

campus

to

assist

permanent

staff

in

providing

basic

custodial

duties.This

position

requires

early

morning

and

midmorning

hours

starting

as

early

as

6：00

a.m.（设施管理学生托管职位是一名在校园学术楼工作的本科生员工，协助长期员工提供基本的托管职责。该职位要求从早上6点开始工作。）可知这是一项协助工作。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据部分*Maintainclassroomsandlabsthroughcleaningfloors，blackboards，erasers；replacingchalks；straighteningfurniture；removinggarbage；cleaningwastebaskets，furniture，glass，doors，walls，andothersurfaces.（*通过清洁地板、黑板、橡皮擦、更换粉笔、整理家具、清除垃圾、清洁废纸篓、家具、玻璃、门、墙壁和其他表面来维护教室和实验室。）可知学生托管人会保持教室清洁。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段*Must

possess

the

physical

and

mental

strength

to

perform

required

work

including

being

able

to

bend，move

furniture，and

work

on

one's

feet

for

long

periods

of

time

including

frequent

lifting

of

up

to

50

pounds

or

more.

（*必须具备完成所需工作的体力和脑力，包括能够弯曲、移动家具和长时间站立工作，包括频繁举起50磅或以上的重物。）可知员工需要有足够的力量移动家具。故选C。

本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了大学河瀑分校学生托管职位招聘的详细信息。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4~7.【答案】C、A、A、B【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段ThezooinEnshi，HubeiProvince，iscalledthe"world'sloneliestzoo"becausefewpeoplevisitit.（湖北恩施的动物园被称为"世界上最孤独的动物园"，因为很少有人去参观。）可知这个动物园被称为"世界上最孤独的动物园"是因为没有多少人参观这个动物园。故选C项。

（2）推理判断题。根据第二段LuoYingjiubegankeepinganimalsathomeinthe1980s.Afterseeingwildanimalskeptincagesforsaleatamarket，Luoboughtthemandtookthemhometogivethemmedicaltreatment.Hereleased（释放）thoseabletoliveontheirownintothewildandcontinuedtoraisethosethatcouldnotliveindependently.（罗英九从上世纪80年代开始在家里养动物。在市场上看到笼子里出售的野生动物后，罗把它们买了下来，带回家治疗。他将那些能够独立生活的放归野外，并继续饲养那些不能独立生活的）可知，最初，罗是从市场上买回动物。故选A项。

（3）细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句Thebusinesslaterbecameworsebecausevisitorswerenotinterestedinthezoo's"old，weak，sickanddisabled"animals.（后来生意变得更糟了，因为游客对动物园里那些"老弱病残"的动物不感兴趣）可知，罗的生意变得更糟，是因为游客对动物园里那些"老弱病残"的动物不感兴趣。故选A项。

（4）观点态度题。根据第三段Usinghispension（退休金）tooperatethezoo，Mr.Luorefusedtolistentootherpeople'sadvicetocloseit."Itisnotjustazoo；itprovidesthehabitatfortheanimals，"heexplained."Ifthezooisclosed，wherecantheseanimalsgo？Theycannotevensurviveinthewild."（罗用自己的养老金经营动物园，拒绝听取其他人关闭动物园的建议。"这不仅仅是一个动物园；它为动物提供了栖息地，"他解释道。"如果动物园关闭了，这些动物能去哪里？它们甚至无法在野外生存"）推知，罗救助动物的决心非常坚定；和第四段Asheoperatesthezoo，hekeepsonrescuinganimals.Ablackbearwithonepawinjuredwassaved17yearsago.AdognamedDianziwassavedwhenitsformerownerplannedtoabandon（遗弃）it.Amonkeythathasbeenatthezoofornearly30yearsisalmostblindbecauseofcameraflashesfromvisitorswhotookphotos.Forthoseanimalsthatdied，Luoburiedthemonthenearbymountain.（在经营动物园的同时，他不断地拯救动物。17年前，一只爪子受伤的黑熊获救。一只名叫'点子'的狗在它的前主人打算抛弃它时获救了。一只在动物园生活了近30年的猴子几乎失明，因为拍照的游客的相机闪光灯。对于那些死去的动物，罗把它们埋在附近的山上）推知，罗是个热心的人。A．Adventurousandhumorous.冒险又幽默的；B．Warm-heartedanddetermined.热心而坚定的；C．Creativeandoutgoing.有创造力和外向的；D．Generousandfunny.大方又风趣的。故选B项。

本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位老人救助动物、经营一家小型动物园的故事。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

8~11.【答案】A、D、D、B【解析】（1）代词指代题。根据第二段中Agriculture's

rise，however，came

with

a

price.

It

introduced

infectious

diseases，social

inequality，occasional

famines

（饥荒）

and

war.（然而，农业的崛起是有代价的。它带来了传染病、社会不平等、偶尔的饥荒和战争）和指代关系可推知，指示代词it代指的是上文的"Agriculture's

rise"。A．Agriculture's

rise.农业的崛起；B．The

growth

of

population.人口的增长；C．The

formation

of

village.村庄的形成；D．The

appearance

of

a

city.一个城市的样子。故选A项。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段中They

live

almost

entirely

free

of

possessions.They

enjoy

an

extraordinary

amount

of

leisure

time，

'working'—

actively

pursuing

food

—

only

four

to

six

hours

a

day.（他们几乎完全没有财产。他们享受大量的休闲时间，而每天的"工作"——积极地追求食物——只有4到6个小时）和第四段中The

Hadza，who

by

nature

are

not

a

combative

（好战的）

people，have

almost

always

moved

away

instead

of

fighting.（哈扎人天生就不是一个好斗的人，他们几乎总是在搬家，而不是战斗）可推知，哈扎人总是过着没有争斗的自由生活。故选D项。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中最后两句话The

fact

is

that

it's

too

late

for

us

to

go

back

to

the

Hadza

lifestyle.Of

greater

concern

is

that

soon

it

may

be

impossible

for

them

to

maintain

theirs.（事实是，我们不能回到哈扎人的生活方式了。更令人担忧的是，他们可能很快就无法维持自己的生活方式了）可推知，作者对哈德扎人的现状感到担忧。故选D项。

（4）标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了坦桑尼亚的哈扎族人的独特的生活方式。所以用B项"The

Unique

Hadza

Lifestyle

（独特的哈扎生活方式）"作为本文的标题与文章主题相符合。故选B项。

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了坦桑尼亚的哈扎族人的生活方式。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

12~15.【答案】D、C、D、A【解析】（1）段落大意题。根据第一段TheyhavecreatedtheEco-currentenergyproductionunitthatharvests"leftover"electronstoharness（利用）electricityfromplants.（他们创造了生态电流能源生产装置，收集"剩余"电子来利用植物的电力。）、第二段NafisaandherfriendscameupwiththeideaofEco-currentforaschoolcompetition.Theydecidedtoworkoncleanenergyinacreativeway.AndthentheyshowedEco-currentatExpo2020Dubai.（Nafisa和她的朋友们为学校比赛想出了生态电流的主意。他们决定以创造性的方式研究清洁能源。然后他们在2020年迪拜世博会上展示了生态电流。）和第三段ThepupilsfoundresearchfromtheNetherlandsaboutproducingenergyfromplantsusingarunofelectrons.Thisapproachtowardsgreenenergydoesnotharmtheplant.Fornow，thepupilsknowthatthetechnologycanbeusedtopowerphonesorsmallerdevices，usingelectricityproducedfrommoss（苔藓）.Withbiggerunitsandmoreresearchonthemostsuitabletypesofplants，thepupilsare

sanguine

largermachinescanbepowered—suchaswashingmachines，coffeemachines，andevenahouse.（学生们发现了来自荷兰的一项关于利用电子从植物中产生能量的研究。这种绿色能源的方法不会伤害植物。目前，学生们知道这项技术可以用苔藓产生的电力为手机或更小的设备供电。随着更大的设备和对最适合的植物类型的更多研究，学生们对更大的机器如洗衣机、咖啡机，甚至是一所房子可以提供动力感到乐观。）可知，前三段主要告诉我们NadaNafisa和她的伙伴是如何开发新能源的。故选D。

（2）词句猜测题。根据划线词前句Fornow，thepupilsknowthatthetechnologycanbeusedtopowerphonesorsmallerdevices，usingelectricityproducedfrommoss（苔藓）.（目前，学生们知道这项技术可以用苔藓产生的电力为手机或更小的设备供电）和前半句Withbiggerunitsandmoreresearchonthemostsuitabletypesofplants，（随着更大的设备和对最适合的植物类型的更多研究）可知，随着研究的深入进行，学生们对更大的机器可以提供动力感到乐观。所以sanguine为"自信的；乐观的"之意。A.Doubtful.怀疑的；B.Curious.好奇的；C.Confident.自信的；D.Critical.关键的。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段ThepupilsfoundresearchfromtheNetherlandsaboutproducingenergyfromplantsusingarunofelectrons.（学生们发现了来自荷兰的一项关于利用电子从植物中产生能量的研究）和第四段Wefoundthatwecanproduceenergyfromplants.（我们发现我们可以从植物中产生能量）可知，NadaNafisa和她的伙伴从植物中获得能量。故选D。

（4）推理判断题。根据第三段ThepupilsfoundresearchfromtheNetherlandsaboutproducingenergyfromplantsusingarunofelectrons.Thisapproachtowardsgreenenergydoesnotharmtheplant.Fornow，thepupilsknowthatthetechnologycanbeusedtopowerphonesorsmallerdevices，usingelectricityproducedfrommoss（苔藓）.Withbiggerunitsandmoreresearchonthemostsuitabletypesofplants，thepupilsare

sanguine

largermachinescanbepowered—suchaswashingmachines，coffeemachines，andevenahouse.（学生们发现了来自荷兰的一项关于利用电子从植物中产生能量的研究。这种绿色能源的方法不会伤害植物。目前，学生们知道这项技术可以用苔藓产生的电力为手机或更小的设备供电。随着更大的设备和对最适合的植物类型的更多研究，学生们对更大的机器如洗衣机、咖啡机，甚至是一所房子可以提供动力感到乐观。）、第四段Wefoundthatwecanproduceenergyfromplants.AgroupofscientiststhatstartedthisideaintheNetherlandsinspiredusandwethoughtofimprovingit.（我们发现我们可以从植物中产生能量。荷兰的一群科学家提出了这个想法，启发了我们，我们想到了改进它。）和第五段AnotherteammemberFatimahGhazisaid，"Wedefinitelyhopethatwewillbeabletofinishourworkandbuildthefinalprototype（原型）thatwillworkwellandproduceenoughenergytopowerahouseatanaffordablecost."（另一名团队成员FatimahGhazi说："我们当然希望能够完成我们的工作，并建造最终的原型，它将运转良好，并以可承受的成本产生足够的能量为房屋供电。"）可推断，NadaNafisa和她的伙伴雄心勃勃，富有创造力。A.Nada

Nafisa

and

her

fellows

are

ambitious

and

creative.纳达•纳菲萨和她的同伴们雄心勃勃，富有创造力；B.It

is

impossible

for

plants

to

provide

clean

energy.植物不可能提供清洁能源；C.Local

governmentis

opposed

to

the

pupils'

plan.当地政府反对学生的计划；D.The

pupils

have

produced

enough

energy

to

power

an

affordable

house.学生们已经产生了足够的能量来为一栋经济适用房供电。故选A。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了迪拜三名青少年科学家计划用植物为住宅提供动力。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要