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语法专项Adjective1.(2016·浙江卷改编)Inthisarticle,youneedtobackup______________(generally)statementswithspecificexamples.2.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Wearesoproudofher.It’s____________________(wonder).3.(2019江苏)Unliketraditionalgyms,app-backedgymsofferpeople__________(flexibility)optionstoexercise.4.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)BranchesofPlumBlossoms(梅花):The__________(beauty)longbranchescoveredwithpink-coloredbuds(蓓蕾)makefantasticdecorations.感悟高考generalwonderfulflexiblebeautiful01.形容词的句法功能02.形容词的位置03.形容词的常见后缀04.形容词的原级/比较级/最高级的用法考点形容词的基本用法(一)形容词的定义:“...的”用adj表示
形容词是用来修饰名词或代词,说明事物或人的性质或特征的一类词beautiful。通常,可将形容词分成:性质类形容词(有级的变化)和叙述类形容词(放在be动词和半系动词之后,无级的变化,大多以a打头的形容词eg:afraid,awake,alive...)两类。什么是形容词①Theyalsosharedwithusmany
(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwerehugelypopularwithtourists.(2019·全国Ⅲ)②Insteadofblamingthechildwhohadbroken
thevase,shegavehima
_________(tolerance)smileandlethimgo.③Theclimberswere_____________(exhaust)andalmostfrozen
④Shesounded
____________________(confidence)asIthoughtconfidentexhaustedtaditionaltolerantLet’sdoandthink形容词的句法作用:1.用于修饰名词,作定语。及:adj+n常见的结构有:a/an/theadj+n
数词/many/some...+adj+n复数形容词的句法作用:2.用在系动词之后做表语连系动词(1)_________________________________________半系动词:(2)变态类:_________________________________(3)保态类:_________________________________________(4)感态类:_________________________________________(5)似乎类:_________________________________be,(am,is,are,was,were,been)become,get,,go,grow,fall,turn..)remain,keep,stand,stay,provelook,sound,smell,taste,feelseem,appear,1.Ithinkheisamansuitablefortheposition.2.Ihavesomethingimportanttosay.3.Hereisnobodyabsenttoday.
4.Thebaby
asleepmightbeawakeverysoon.Ifindthebook___________(interest).Wemustkeepourclassroom_______(quietly)everyday.MyEnglishteacheralwaysmakesme_______(happiness).Let’sdoandthink.3.形容词做宾语补足语形容词的句法作用说明宾语的性质、状态或特征。主宾谓宾补谓主宾宾补宾补interestingquiethappytired,Ihadtostoptohavearest.Heisstandingthere,fulloffear.Let’sreadandthink.形容词的句法作用表示方式,原因,通常用来说明主语的情况,表示主语的状态、性质、特征等,但并不表示动作的方式。形容词(短语)作状语位于句首或句末,常用逗号与其他部分隔开。Hopefully,we’llwinthebasketballmatch.Let’scheck.1.Liziqiisfamousforher________(attract)videosofruralself-sufficiency.3.Althoughparentsshouldtake________(well)careoftheiryoungchildren,theydon’tnecessarilydoanythingforthem.4.5.Now,moreandmorepeopleareabletovisitdifferent_____________(country)Don’tpanicorgetoutofline,andtrytoremain__________(calmly).5.
(delight),sheisthesortofwomantospreadsunshinetopeoplethroughhersmile.calmattractivegoodDelightedcountries分考点3:(1)判断一下的单词哪些是形容词?(2)总结形容词后缀(1)beauty-beautifulhope—hopefulpeace—peacefulforget—forgetfulharm—harmfuluse-useful(2)wealth-wealthyhealth-healthywind-windysalt-saltymess-messytaste—tastyhealth—healthysun--sunny(3)accept—acceptablesuit--suitablecomfort—comfortableaccess—accessiblehorror—horribleterror--terrible(4)impress-impressiveexpense-expensiveeffect—effectiveact-active(5)anxiety—anxiouscuriosity—curioushumor--humorous(6)help--helplesscare-careless(7)nation—nationalreason—reasonalperson—personal-able/-ible“...的”
-ful“...的”
-less“...的”-y“...的”-ous...的-ive...的-al...的分考点3:(1)判断一下的单词哪些是形容词?(2)总结形容词特征/后缀(8)confidence—confidentpatience--patientimportance-importantsilence-silent(9)exciting/excitedsurprising/surprised(10)wood-woodengold-golden(11)fool—foolishchild—childishself--selfish(12)south—southerneast--eastern(13)hard-working,three-year-old,kind-hearted(14)break-brokenwear-worndrink-drunk(15)friend-friendlylove-lovelytime-timely(及时的)
cost-costly(昂贵的)father-fatherly(父亲般的)-ent/-ant“...的”-ish.“..的”-ern“...的”-ed/-ing“...的”复合词“...的”部分动词的过去分词“...的”-en.“..的”-ly.“..的”Somepeoplethinkthattheywillget1.______(illness)iftheyusetheir
brainstoomuch.Itisnottrue.Throughmanystudies,scientistsshowusthatthe2.____
(much)youuseyourbrain,thebetteritwillbeandthe3.________
(clever)youwillbecome.
Ofcourse,ifyouwanttokeepyourmind4.________(clearly)
andactive,youmusttakeaproperrestandstudy5._________(proper).Totheteenagers,usingtheirbrainsinthemorningis6._______(well)fortheirhealth.Therearemanywaystorest.Oneisa7.________(peace)rest.
Sleepisapeacefulrest.Anotherisan8.________(act)rest.Forexample,takeawalk
outdoorsanddomoreexerciseeveryday.Tochangethewayofbrains'9.__________(activity)isalsoagoodwaytorest.Ineverydaylife,toeatsomeeggs,meat,freshvegetablesandfruitisalsogoodforthebrains.Wishyouawisemananda10._________(happily)life.完形填空illmoreclevererclearproperlygoodpeacefulactiveactivitieshappy形容词的原级/比较级/最高级的用法1.约翰和杰克一样聪明。2.约翰比杰克聪明。3.约翰在他们班最聪明。(1)用形容词原形(原级)的情况:Johnis
________________________Jack.Johnis
________________________Jack.Johnis
________________________inhisclass.assmartassmarterthanthesmartest【结论1】
“A与B一样”Aisas+adj原级+asB约翰不像杰克那样聪明/约翰不和杰克一样聪明。【结论2】
A不如B/A不和B一样Johnis
_____________________Jack.notas/socleverasnotas/so+adj原级+as【结论3】S1+be+____________________________________+S2S1+be+_________________________________+S2as+adj原.+a/an+可数名词单数+asas+adj原+不可数名词+as.练习:1.Thisbookisnotas_______as(interest)thatone.2.Asweallknow,thisropeisas_____________as(length)thatone3.Englishisas____________(importance)asubjectasChinese.1.WhatIwanttosayisthatXiaoMingisasbetterasXiaoHua.2.Asamatteroffact,youareastallerasXiaoBao.3.Inmyview,Rerestinglongimportantgoodtall1.事实上,她唱得比你好得多。2.你
越
勤奋(deligent),你
就越
幸运(lucky).3.我非常兴奋的告诉您一条消息我们的生活越来越好。4.我们知道的是父母之爱,是世间最伟大的爱。5.天气再糟糕不过了。(2)用形容词比较级的情况:Infact,Shesingsfar/much_______________thanyou.Themoredeligentyouare,the________(luck)youwillbe.IammorethanexcitedtotellyouapieceofinformationthatourlifeisgettingbetterandbetterWhatweallknowisthatthereisno_______(great)lovethanthatgivenbyparentsintheworld.Theweathercouldn’t_______________(bad).luckierbettergreaterworse【总结1】....v/be+much,far,alot,alittle,abit,rather,even,still,agreatdeal+_______________than...adv/adj比较级表两者之间比较【总结2】_______________________________The+adj比较级S+be,the+adj比较级S+be...【总结3】________________________________...adj比较级+and+adj比较级...【总结4】比较级用于否定句中表示_____________的意思也就是否定(...not/never/nothing/nobody/no)+adj比较级,表示“在....不过了、最...的“
最高级600分考点完全掌握(3)练习并总结用形容词最高级的情况:(1)ZhangHuaisthe
(tall)ofthethree.(2)Ofalltheboyshecamethe__________(early).(3)Weareproudofthatourmotherlandwillbecomeoneofthe
(splendid)countryintheworld.(4)ManyteachertoldmethatXiaoBaoisoneofthe
(deligent)studentsinourclass.(5)Asweallknow,Guangzhouisthethird__________(large)cityinChina.tallest大于等于3者以上,有范围,earlistmostsplendidmostdeligentlargest600分考点完全掌握总结用最高级的情况:三者或三者以上相比,表示最高程度时,用“the+形容词最高级或(the)+副词最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语注意:表示“最高程度”的形容词,如excellent、extreme、perfect,favorite等,没有最高级,也没有比较级。形容词原形变成比较级和最高级的规则:
(1)tall→______________→____________great→__________→_____________(2)large→_____________→____________nice→______________→____________(3)big→______________→_____________hot→______________→_______________
(4)easy→____________→____________tallertallestgreatergreatestlargerlargestnicernicestbiggerbiggerhotterhottesteasiereasiestA:(1)一般情况加-er,-estB:特殊情况(1):以不发音e结尾的单音节词加-r,-stB:特殊情况(2):在重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er/est形容词原形变成比较级和最高级的规则:heavy→____________→_______________(5)beautiful→________________→_______________different→___________________→_______________heaierheaiestmore
beautifulmost
beautifulmore
differentmostdifferentB:(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y变i,再加-er,-estB:(4)其他双音节词和多音节词,加more+adj原形、,most+adj原形(5)interesting→________________→__________________moreinterestingmostinteresting(5)interested→______________________→_____________________moreinterestedmostinterested形容词原形变成比较级和最高级不规则的情况:(1)good/well→_____________→_____________(2)bad/ill/badly→____________→______________(3)many/much→____________→________________(4)little→______________→_______________(5)old→_______________→_______________
→________________→_______________(6)far→_____________→___________/→________→__________betterbestworseworstmoremostlesslestolderoldesteldereldestfartherfarthestfurtherfurthest1.Don’tpanicorgetoutofline,andtrytoremainquietand__________(calmly).2.Justbe___________(patience).3.Althoughparentsshouldtake________(well)careoftheiryoungchildren,theydon’tnecessarilydoanythingforthem.4.Onceyouhaveconfidence,youcanmakeas______(more)friendsas(possible).5.---Areyou_______________(satisfy)withtheresultoftheexam?---Notatall.Ican’thavea___________(bad)one.Exercise:calmpatientgoodmanysatisfiedworse600分考点完全掌握6.---Lilydidsucceedatlast!---Yeah,indeed,butshewas___________(luck)thansuccessful,Ithink.7.Thatwouldbeavery______________(reason)thingtodoinabigcity,butitcoulddestroyasmallvillagelikethis.8.Maryfelt__________(please),becausethereweremanyemptyseatsintheroom.9.Theteachersareveryenthusiasticand__________(friend)andtheclassroomsare________(amaze).10.Anorangeisalittle____________big)thanapple,butmuch___________(small)thanawatermelon.luckierreasonablepleasedfriendlyamazedbiggersmaller600分考点完全掌握11.TheChangjiangRiveristhe______________(long)riverinChina.12.Sueisalittle_________________(beautiful)thanhersister.13.Hermotherisgetting_____________(fat)and_____________(fat).14.Ithinkit’stooexpensive.I’dlikea__________(cheap)one.15.Thisbookisnotas_____________(interest)asthatone.16.The_____________(hard)youtrytobeathim,themorelikelyyouwillgethit.Hecontrolsyou!longest
morebeautifulfatterfattercheaperinterestingharder600分考点完全掌握17.Hecannotcontrolmybodywell.hislegsbecome___________(pain).18.Thereweremanypeoplewaiting,andsomeofthemlookedveryanxiousand_________________(disappoint).19.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris_____________(clean)thanever.20Itwasoneofthe______________(excite)experienceIhadeverhad.painfuldisappointedcleanermostexciting600分考点完全掌握考点:副词的基本用法分考点1副词的句法作用分考点2
副词的位置分考点3
形容词变成副词的规则分考点4
常用的连接性副词分考点3
形近副词的含义副词的句法作用(1)(1)Theaimofeducationistoteachyoungpeopletothinkforthemselvesandnotfollowothers
________.(blind)(2)__________,
(thankful)Imanagedtogetthroughthegameandthepainwasworthitintheend.(3)____________,(disappoint)theyfeltbutccouldn’tgiveup.(3)Neitherofthemhadtheirgiftjustgiventothematbirth.Theyhadtowork___________(true)hardanddiscoverthattheyhadagift.(4)Itis_____________(extreme)necessaryforustoobeythelaws.(5)Theeconomyofourcountrydevelops_________(great)fast.blindlyThankfullyDisappointedtrulyextremelygreatly副词作状语,(1)可以修饰动词、
(2)修饰修饰整个句子句、
(3)修饰其他副词、
(4)修饰形容词。找出下面的副词:
(1)especial(2)reasonable(3)wealth(4)fast(5)very(6)so(7)such(8)too(9)friendly(10)quickly(11)lucky(12)immediately(13)lovely(14)reasonably(15)soon总结:(1)“...地”大部分以---ly结尾是副词但是friendly,lovely,lively,
deadly,lonely,likely,ugly,brotherly除外,因为他们是长相像副词,实则是形容词(2)so,too,very,hard,therefore,thus,besides,instead这些词虽然没有以ly结尾但实际是adv把以下的adj→adv(1)slow→(4)dull→
gradual→full→
considerate→shrill→
personal→whole→
(5)economic→
amazed→basic→
exciting→energetic→
(un)fortunate→sentific→
extreme→(6)true→
immediate→
(2)terrible→
(im)possible→
affordable→
(3)happy→
(un)lucky→slowlygraduallyconsideratelypersonallyamazedlyexcitingly(un)fortunate
lyextreme
lyimmediate
lyterribly(im)possiblyaffordablyhappily(un)luckilydullydullyshillywhollyeconomiciallybasiciallyenergetciallysentifciallytrulyA一般情况:直接加lyB:特殊情况:(1)以--le结尾去e+yB:特殊情况:(2)以-以辅音字母+y变y为i+ly特殊情况(3)以--ll结尾+y特殊情况(4)以--ic结尾先加ial+lyTips1:以-ly结尾的形容词1)大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。改错:(错)Shesanglovely.
(错)Hespoketomeveryfriendly.
(对)Hersingingwaslovely.
(对)Hespoketomeinaveryfriendlyway.2)有些以-ly结尾既为形容词,也为副词。
daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,earlyTheTimesisadailypaper.TheTimesispublisheddaily.1.As________(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlyhowthickthewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.2.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat__________(slow)duringcoolnights,thuswarmingthehouse3.Thegirlusedtobeshy,butis________(gradual)gettingactiveingroupwork.4.Theygavemoneytotheoldpeople’shomeeither________(personal)orthroughtheircompanies.结果验收:naturalslowlygraduallypersonally5.LittleTomsat______(amaze)watchingthemonkeydancinginfrontofhim.6.Itwasoneofthe_____________(excite)experienceIhadeverhad.7.Thistechniquehas
(previous)beentestedinmicetotreatdeadtissueintheirlegs.8You_______________(serious)scoldyourdaughterforknockingthecupover.Shebreaksdownintears.9.________________(Fortune),hemissedthelasttrainandhadtostayedinahotel.10.Myparentswere___________(terrible)worriedaboutmysafetywhenIgotlostinthepark.amazedlymostexcitingpreviouslyseriouslyUnfortunate
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