2023届四川省自贡市高三下学期第二次诊断性考试英语试题（ 含答案解析 ）

第1页/共1页自贡市高2023届第二次诊断性考试英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座位号和准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whoenjoysworkingoutinthegym?A.Barbara.B.Peter.C.Angela.2.Howmanywordshasthemanmemorizedthismonth?A.90.B.100.C.110.3.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Acashier.B.Acook.C.Ashopassistant.4.WhatdoesthewomanaskErictodo?A.Ignoreothers’comments.B.Havehisownhairstyle.C.Makemorefriends.5.WhatdoesLindamean?AShehaswastedmuchtime.B.SheknowsThomsonwell.C.Sheisverybusytonight.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Buysomemedicine.B.Makeanappointment.C.Getsometimetosleep.7.Whatdoesthewomantellthemantodo?A.Stayinhospital.B.Telephonethedentist.C.Takehisillnessseriously.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhatwillKatedo?A.Gotouniversity.B.Deliveraspeech.C.Promotetheman.9.WhatdoyouthinkofPaul?A.He’shelpful.B.He’slucky.C.He’sstrict.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatdoesWendyfearherparentswilldoabouthertest?A.Checkherscoreagain.B.Reporttoherteachers.C.Feeldiscouraged.11.WhydidWendyfailthetest?A.Hermindwentblank.B.Thetestwastoodifficult.C.Shedidn’tprepareforit.12.WhatdoesthemanadviseWendytodo?A.Tellherparentsthetruth.B.Applyforamake-uptest.C.Askherparentsforhelp.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.What’stheman’soriginalattitudetowardsgoingtothesale?A.Favorable.B.Unwilling.C.Carefree.14.Whichattractsthemanmost?A.Thedishwasher.B.Thehairdryer.C.ThebigscreenTV.15.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Husbandandwife.C.Customer-andsalesgirl.16.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abigsale.B.Thecitytraffic.C.Productquality.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Onwhatdayofaweekcanyoureadthewebsite’slatestarticle?A.Monday.B.Wednesday.C.Friday.18.Whataspectofanarticlewillthewebsitepaymoreattentionto?A.Itslength.B.Itsfun.C.Itscreativity.19.WhatisanLLMusedtodo?A.Editanarticle.B.Rewriteanarticle.C.Makeadraftofanarticle.20.WhichisoneofLLMs’weaknessesofoutputs?A.Theymaybeinaccurate.B.Theyarenotinteresting.C.Theyarelessinformative.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)AHeathfieldDaySummerCampIt’sforgirlsaged7to15.HeathfieldstarteditsownSummerCampforlocalgirlssotheycouldenjoythehighqualityactivitiesandsportsthatwewerealreadyofferingtooverseasstudentsonourInternationalSummerSchool(ISS).Overtheyearsmorethanathousandgirlshaveattendedthecamp,manyreturningyearafteryearandbringingsistersandfriendswiththem.Returningstudentsreceivea10%discountfromtheirsecondyear.Daygirlsarrivebetween08:45and09:15whenactivitiesstart.AnEarlyMorningoptionwithBreakfastisavailableat08:00.At5:30girlsarecollectedandsignedoutbyparentsorcantakeourLateStayoptionuntil6:30.Heathfield’steachersofferthegirlsafun-packedandeducationaldailyprogram,balancingcreative,artisticandsportingskills.Campersaregroupedtogetheraccordingtoageandmovetogetherbetweenactivities.There’redifferentprogramsforjuniorandseniorgroups.Girlsenjoytheopportunitytospendtimeasadaygirlandasaboarder.Theycanstayfromonedaytofourweeks.Butresidentialstaysareforaminimumofoneweek.EachThursdayafternoonweinviteparentstoanexhibitionorshowtoseewhatthegirlsaredoing.Theexhibitionsincludecookery,art,craftandphotographyinweeks1and3,andinweeks2and4,music,danceanddramashowstakeplace.TwoorthreeafternoonsaweekgirlsmixwiththestudentsfromtheISSandtakepartinsportsandgames.There’sanhour’slunchbreak.Ourdining-roomserviceoffersagreatrangeofhotandcolddishes.1.WhatdoweknowaboutHeathfieldDaySummerCamp?A.Itsarrangementsareflexible.B.Itoffersparticipants10%off.C.Itsprogramsarethesameforgroups.D.Itlimitsthenumberofparticipants.2.WhatdoesHeathfielddotothecamper?A.Advisethemtostayasboarders.BForbidthemtogooutonweekdays.C.Callonthemtobeindependent.D.Dividethemintodifferentgroups.3.WhatmayTina’sparentsdoatHeathfieldonThursdayofWeek2?A.PayavisittotheISS.B.Havedinnerwithher.C.Seeherdancing.D.Takephysicalexercise.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍希斯菲尔德日间夏令营活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Daygirlsarrivebetween08:45and09:15whenactivitiesstart.AnEarlyMorningoptionwithBreakfastisavailableat08:00.At5:30girlsarecollectedandsignedoutbyparentsorcantakeourLateStayoptionuntil6:30.(走读生在活动开始的08:45到09:15之间到达。08:00提供带早餐的早餐选项。在5:30，女孩会被家长接走并签名，或者可以选择在6:30之前入住。)”可知，夏令营的安排很灵活。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“There’redifferentprogramsforjuniorandseniorgroups.(初级组和高级组有不同的项目。)”可知，希斯菲尔德日间夏令营会把参加夏令营的孩子们分组。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“EachThursdayafternoonweinviteparentstoanexhibitionorshowtoseewhatthegirlsaredoing.Theexhibitionsincludecookery,art,craftandphotographyinweeks1and3,andinweeks2and4,music,danceanddramashowstakeplace.(每周四下午，我们都会邀请家长参加一个展览或展览，看看女孩们在做什么。展览包括第一周和第三周的烹饪、艺术、工艺和摄影，第二周和第四周的音乐、舞蹈和戏剧表演。)”可知，第二周的周四，家长们可以去看孩子们的音乐、舞蹈和戏剧表演。故选C。BItwasahistory-makingmomentatMiller＆Miller’sCanadiana＆DecorativeArtsauction(拍卖)whenthehammerfinallycamedownforarareMaudLewispainting.LewiswasaCanadianartistwhopaintedbrightlycoloredscenes.Shesoldherpaintingsbythesideoftheroadfor$2to$3.Paintingwasn’teasy,sinceshesufferedfromaphysicalchallengethatmademovingpainful.JohnKinnear,alsoanartist,struckupafriendshipwiththethen-little-knownLewisafterreadinganarticleabouther.Hemailedherboxesofpaintingsupplies.Atthetime,Lewis,withherhusband,livedinaone-roomhousewithnoelectricityorrunningwater,usingsimplehousepainttopaint.Afterreceivingthesupplies,Lewiswrotebackinsistingonrepayinghimwithsomeofherpaintings.Kinnearsoldsomeofthem,sendingsomemoneybacktoLewisandusingtheremaindertobuyhermorepaint.KinnearwasfriendswithIreneandTonyDemas,whoownedarestaurantwhereheateluncheveryday.Oneday,Kinneartoldthemhehadsomepaintingsbyanartistandwonderediftheymightconsiderswappingafewgrilledcheeselunchesforoneofthem.“Whenwesawthepaintings,wewereshocked,andbothofuswerehesitant,”recallsIrene.“Ihadneverseenanythinglikethem.Theyweresochildlike,withcatsandcows.”Buttheyendedupagreeingtothetrade,choosingapaintingcalledBlackTruck.Over50yearslater,they’relongretiredandarenowconsideringtravellingmore.Theyhopedtosellthepainting.IntheyearssinceLewisdied,herpaintingshavebecomefamous.Butitwasarecentscarethatreallyurgedthemintoaction.Afterhavingnon-glareglassaddedtothepainting,thebusinessstreetwheretheframerlivedburnedtothegroundjustdaysaftertheypickeduptheirpainting.“WesawthatMiller&Millerhadsoldonenotlongago,”saysIrene.“WetrustedtheMillerbrothers.”Recently,thepaintingwassoldatauctionfor$350,000.4.WhydidJohnKinnearsendLewisboxesofpaintingsupplies?A.Togetherpaintings.B.Toofferherassistance.C.Tomakefriendswithher.D.Tolearntopaintfromher.5.HowdidIreneandTonyDemasfeelwhentheyfirstsawLewis’spaintings?A.Disappointed.B.Confused.C.Panicked.D.Embarrassed.6.WhatwastherealreasonfortheDemas’selling“BlackTruck”?A.TheywereforcedbyMiller&Miller.B.Theyweredesperateformoneytotravel.C.Theyfearedtheunexpectedwouldhappen.D.Theythoughtthepaintingwouldlosevalue.7.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Tointroduceapainting’sadventures.B.Toexplainatrendinartcollecting.C.Toexpandthepaintingmarket.D.Torecommendanauctionhouse.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍在米勒和米勒的加拿大装饰艺术拍卖会上，一幅罕见的莫德·刘易斯画作终于落槌的事情。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“LewiswasaCanadianartistwhopaintedbrightlycoloredscenes.Shesoldherpaintingsbythesideoftheroadfor$2to$3.Paintingwasn’teasy,sinceshesufferedfromaphysicalchallengethatmademovingpainful.JohnKinnear,alsoanartist,struckupafriendshipwiththethen-little-knownLewisafterreadinganarticleabouther.Hemailedherboxesofpaintingsupplies.Atthetime,Lewis,withherhusband,livedinaone-roomhousewithnoelectricityorrunningwater,usingsimplehousepainttopaint.Afterreceivingthesupplies,Lewiswrotebackinsistingonrepayinghimwithsomeofherpaintings.Kinnearsoldsomeofthem,sendingsomemoneybacktoLewisandusingtheremaindertobuyhermorepaint.(刘易斯是一位加拿大艺术家，他画了色彩鲜艳的场景。她在路边以2到3美元的价格卖掉了自己的画。画画并不容易，因为她遭受了身体上的挑战，移动起来很痛苦。约翰·金尼尔也是一位艺术家，在阅读了一篇关于刘易斯的文章后，他和当时鲜为人知的刘易斯建立了友谊。他给她邮寄了成箱的绘画用品。当时，刘易斯和丈夫住在一间没有电和自来水的单间房子里，用简单的油漆粉刷。收到补给后，刘易斯回信，坚持要用她的一些画作回报他。金尼尔卖掉了其中的一些，把一些钱寄回刘易斯，并用剩下的钱给她买了更多的油漆。)”可知，约翰·金尼尔为什么要给刘易斯送成箱的绘画用品是为了给她提供一些帮助。故选B。5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段““Whenwesawthepaintings,wewereshocked,andbothofuswerehesitant,”recallsIrene.“Ihadneverseenanythinglikethem.Theyweresochildlike,withcatsandcows.”(艾琳回忆道：“当我们看到这些画时，我们都很震惊，我们都犹豫不决。”“我从来没有见过像它们这样的画。上面有猫和牛，真是太天真了。”)”可知，Irene和TonyDemas第一次看到Lewis的画时感到很失望。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Over50yearslater,they’relongretiredandarenowconsideringtravellingmore.Theyhopedtosellthepainting.IntheyearssinceLewisdied,herpaintingshavebecomefamous.Butitwasarecentscarethatreallyurgedthemintoaction.Afterhavingnon-glareglassaddedtothepainting,thebusinessstreetwheretheframerlivedburnedtothegroundjustdaysaftertheypickeduptheirpainting.(50多年后，他们早已退休，现在正在考虑更多地旅行。他们希望把这幅画卖掉。在刘易斯去世后的几年里，她的画已经出名了。但真正促使他们采取行动的是最近的一次恐慌。在画作中添加了防眩光玻璃后，装帧者居住的商业街在他们拿起画作几天后就被烧毁了。)”可知，Demas卖掉BlackTruck的原因是他害怕会有什么意外的事情发生。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Itwasahistory-makingmomentatMiller＆Miller’sCanadiana＆DecorativeArtsauction(拍卖)whenthehammerfinallycamedownforarareMaudLewispainting.(在米勒和米勒的加拿大装饰艺术拍卖会上，一幅罕见的莫德·刘易斯画作终于落槌，这是一个创造历史的时刻。)”，第三段“Buttheyendedupagreeingtothetrade,choosingapaintingcalledBlackTruck.(但他们最终同意了这笔交易，选择了一幅名为《黑色卡车》的画作。)”和最后一段“Recently,thepaintingwassoldatauctionfor$350,000.(最近，这幅画在拍卖会上以35万美元的价格售出。)”可知，这篇文章是介绍一幅画的经历。故选A。CIn2022,61companiesintheUnitedKingdom(UK)tookpartintheworld’slargesttestofafour-dayworkweek.Thepilotprogram,conductedintheUK,guidedover60companiesandalmost3,000workersthroughasix-monthtrialofa4dayweek,withnolossofpayforworkers.Overallresultsshowthatalmosteveryorganizationwillsticktoa4-dayweekpost-trial,with91%definitelycontinuingorplanningtocontinue,andafurther4%leaningtowardscontinuing.Companiesratedtheiroverallexperienceofthetrialsanaverageof8.5/10,withbusinessproductivityandbusinessperformanceeachscoring7.5/10.Profitsroseby35%overthetrialperiodswhencomparedtosimilarperiodsfromthepreviousyearandhiringincreasedwhileabsenteeismdecreased.Leadresearcher,ProfessorJulietSchorofBostonCollegeobservedanencouragingconsistencyinthedata.“Resultsarelargelysteadyacrossworkplacesofvaryingsizes,showingitworksformanytypesoforganizations.Therearealsosomeinterestingdifferences.Wefoundthatemployeesinnon-profitsandprofessionalserviceshadalargeraverageincreaseintimespentexercising,whilethoseinconstructionenjoyedthelargestreductionsinburnoutandsleepproblems,”shesaid.Gettingthecarbonfootprintdownisalsoencouraging,withcommuting(通勤)timefallingbyahalfbourperweek.Howdidworkersdomoreinlesstime?Somecompaniescutmeetings,ormadesuretheywereshorter.Othersusedtechnologytohelpworkersgetmoredonequickly.Somecompaniescreateda“focustime”soworkerscouldworkonjustonethingwithoutbeinginterrupted.Ingeneral,workerssaidthefour-dayworkweekleftthemfeelinglesstired.About71%saidtheyfeltless“burntout”withtheirnewworkhours,and39%saidtheyfeltlessstressed.Onaverage,73%oftheworkersweremoresatisfiedwiththetimetheyspentworking.8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheexperiment?A.Controversial.B.Ambitious.C.Eventful.D.Successful.9.Whatcanwesayaboutthefour-dayworkweek?A.It’saone-sidedmove.B.It’swhattechnologybrings.C.I’senvironmentallyfriendly.D.It’sunfitforbigcompanies.10.Whatarethestatisticsinthelastparagraphabout?A.Workinghabits.B.Joyatwork.C.Healthmanagement.D.Businessperformance.11.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Monday-FridayModelIsOutdatedB.GoodHealthIsGoodBusinessC.4-DayWorkweekTrialFinishesD.4-DayWorkweekCouldBeComing【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述2022年，英国有61家公司参加了世界上最大的一周工作四天的测试情况。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Overallresultsshowthatalmosteveryorganizationwillsticktoa4-dayweekpost-trial,with91%definitelycontinuingorplanningtocontinue,andafurther4%leaningtowardscontinuing.(总体结果显示，几乎每个组织都会坚持试验后每周4天，91%的组织肯定会继续或计划继续，另有4%的组织倾向于继续。)”和第三段“Companiesratedtheiroverallexperienceofthetrialsanaverageof8.5/10,withbusinessproductivityandbusinessperformanceeachscoring7.5/10.Profitsroseby35%overthetrialperiodswhencomparedtosimilarperiodsfromthepreviousyearandhiringincreasedwhileabsenteeismdecreased.(各公司对其试验的总体经验的评分平均为8.5/10，业务生产率和业务绩效各得7.5/10。与上年同期相比，试用期利润增长了35%，招聘人数增加，缺勤率下降。)”可知，试验结果是很成功的。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Gettingthecarbonfootprintdownisalsoencouraging,withcommuting(通勤)timefallingbyahalfbourperweek.(减少碳足迹也令人鼓舞，通勤时间每周减少半个小时。)”可知，一周工作四天的方法是环保的。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ingeneral,workerssaidthefour-dayworkweekleftthemfeelinglesstired.About71%saidtheyfeltless“burntout”withtheirnewworkhours,and39%saidtheyfeltlessstressed.Onaverage,73%oftheworkersweremoresatisfiedwiththetimetheyspentworking(总的来说，工人们表示，每周工作四天让他们感觉不那么累。约71%的人表示，他们对新的工作时间感到不那么“精疲力竭”，39%的人表示压力较小。平均而言，73%的工人对他们花在工作上的时间更满意。)”可知，这些数据表明人们在工作中的幸福感增强了。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“In2022,61companiesintheUnitedKingdom(UK)tookpartintheworld’slargesttestofafour-dayworkweek.(2022年，英国有61家公司参加了世界上最大的一周工作四天的测试。)”和第二段“Thepilotprogram,conductedintheUK,guidedover60companiesandalmost3,000workersthroughasix-monthtrialofa4dayweek,withnolossofpayforworkers.Overallresultsshowthatalmosteveryorganizationwillsticktoa4-dayweekpost-trial,with91%definitelycontinuingorplanningtocontinue,andafurther4%leaningtowardscontinuing.(这项在英国进行的试点项目指导了60多家公司和近3000名工人完成了为期六个月的每周4天的试验，工人的工资没有损失。总体结果显示，几乎每个组织都会坚持试验后每周4天，91%的组织肯定会继续或计划继续，另有4%的组织倾向于继续。)”可知，每周工作4天很受员工们欢迎，所以它可能会被广泛普及。故选D。DEverbeenhungryenoughtoeatahouse?Now,youactuallycould.FoodwasteisabigprobleminJapanandglobally.Japanproducedaround5.7milliontonsoffoodwastein2019.Thegovernmentplanstoreducethatbyaround2.7milliontonsby2030.TokyoUniversityresearchersKotaMachidaandYuyaSakaihavedevelopedawaytotransformfoodwasteintocement(水泥)forconstructionuseandmore.Thisisthefirst-everprocesscreatedformakingcemententirelyfromfoodwaste.Theresearcherssaytheirproductisfourtimesasstrongastraditionalconcrete.Thisparticularcementcanbeusedtomakethingsliketeacupsorchairsaswell.However,there’soneadditionalfeature—it’salsoedible(可食的).KotaandYuyaaretheintelligencebehindtheformationofFabulaInc.,acompanywithpurposesofreducingfoodwaste,andhelpingfightglobalwarming.Asexpected,somethingthisuniquetookyearstodevelop.Ittookafewattemptstofindjusttherightprocess.KotaandYuyacreatedtheuniquetechnologywhileresearchingpossibleenvironmentally-friendlymaterialstoreplacecement-basedconcrete.Cementproductionaccountsfor8%oftheworld’scarbondioxideemissions.Afterafewfailures,theyrealizedtheycouldgetthecementtobind(黏合)byadjustingthetemperatures.“Themostchallengingpartwasthateachtypeoffoodwasterequiresdifferenttemperatures,”Yuyasaid.Sotheresearchershadtoobservethemandrespondintime.Intheexperiments,KotaandYuyahavesuccessfullymadecementusingtealeaves,coffeegrounds,cabbage,andevenlunchboxleftovers.FabulaInc.iscurrentlyworkingtomaketeacupsandfurniture,butYuyaisthinkingalittlebitbigger.Theirproductcouldprovidereliefintheformofedibleemergencysheltersindisasterzones.“Forexample,iffoodcannotbedeliveredtothepeople,theycouldeatmakeshiftbedsmadeoutoffoodcement,”hesaid.Toeatthematerial,apersonneedstobreakitapartandboilit.12.WhichisoneofKotaandYuya’purposesinmakinguseoffoodwaste?A.ToofferFabulaInc.morecement. B.Toproducebuildingmaterials.C.Towarnhowseriousfoodwasteis. D.Toextendconcrete’sservicelife.13.WhatdidKotaandYuyaassesspreviouslyaboutmakingediblecement?A.Itsdamagetotheenvironment. B.Itscostofrecyclingthecement.C.Itsdifficultiestheywouldface. D.Itspopularityamongthepublic.14.Whatmadetheexperimentofmakingcementoutoffoodwasteharder?A.Makingsuretomakecementtasty. B.Selectingcorrectfoodwastetimely.C.Gettingcementbrokenaparteasily. D.Regulatingthetemperaturesconstantly.15.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“makeshift”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Temporary. B.Strong. C.Bendable. D.Commercial.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的研究发现，日本的科研人员已经开发出一种将食物垃圾转化为建筑用水泥的方法。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“TokyoUniversityresearchersKotaMachidaandYuyaSakaihavedevelopedawaytotransformfoodwasteintocement(水泥)forconstructionuseandmore.(东京大学的研究人员KotaMachida和YuyaSakai已经开发出一种将食物垃圾转化为建筑用水泥的方法)”可知，Kota和Yuya利用食物垃圾的目的是生产建筑材料。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Asexpected,somethingthisuniquetookyearstodevelop.(不出所料，这种独特的东西花了数年时间才开发出来)”可推知，他们之前就预料到研究可食用水泥会遇到很多困难，需要很长时间。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“‘Themostchallengingpartwasthateachtypeoffoodwasterequiresdifferenttemperatures,’Yuyasaid.Sotheresearchershadtoobservethemandrespondintime.(Yuya说：‘最具挑战性的部分是每种食物垃圾需要不同的温度。’因此，研究人员必须观察它们并及时做出反应)”可知，这个实验最大的难处在于每种食物垃圾需要不同的温度，所以研究人员需要一直调节温度。故选D。【15题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“Theirproductcouldprovidereliefintheformofedibleemergencysheltersindisasterones.(他们的产品可以在灾难中以可食用的紧急避难所的形式提供救济)”可知，他们正在研究可以在灾难中可食用的生活用品。根据划线单词后“bedsmadeoutoffoodcement(用食品水泥做成的床)”可知，这张床是用可食用的水泥制成的。由此可知，这张床只是临时床，主要是为受灾的人提供食物。划线词意为“临时的”。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheOxfordDictionarydescribesstaycationsas“aholidayspentinone’shomecountryratherthanabroad,oronespentathomeandinvolvingdaytripstolocalattractions.”____16____Itgivesyoualmost100%ofrestfultimewithlittletonoprep.Stoptoconsiderthefollowing:theratio(比例)ofqualitytimethat’sspentonrelaxationismoreimportantthanthenumberofdaysforholidays.____17____Forinstance,aweekendbreakthatconsistsoflongtraveloneithersideisnorecipe(良方)forrelaxation.Thisisoneofthereasonswhystaycationsaremorerefreshingthanvacations.____18____Insteadoflosingtimeandenergypreparingforavacation,astaycationwillprovideyouwithhigh-qualityrestingtime.You’llgetbacktoworkfeelingmorerefreshed,andrelaxed.____19____Staycationsalsoticksomeofthesameboxesasvacationslikeexperiencingnewthings.Youjustneedtoexplorenearbythingswhichyouhaveneverpaidattentionto.Oftenweoverlooktheattractionsthatareneartous.____20____However,ifyoumakeanefforttoexploretheareaclosetowhereyoulive,youmaybepleasantlysurprised.Therewillbecafesandrestaurantsyou’venevertried,historicbuildingsyou’veneverseenbefore,andnatureparksyou’venevervisited.Sowithalittleeffortonyourpart,you’llbeabletoexperiencenewandexcitingthingsclosetohome.A.Theyactasrealbreaksfromworkandlifepressure.B.Ifyougivethissomethought,you’llrealizethatit’strue.C.Avacationcanleaveyoumoretiredthanbeforeyourtrip.D.Inaddition,itcanofferyoufreshexperiencesimmediately.E.Let’stakealookatthegreatthingsabouttakingastaycation.F.Staycationsdon’tmeanlongtraveling,whichcostsyoualotless.G.Weoftenchoosetospendbigamountsofmoneyvisitingforeigncountries.【答案】16.E17.B18.A19.D20.G【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍居家度假的好处并建议读者到离家近的地方旅游。【16题详解】根据上文“TheOxfordDictionarydescribesstaycationsas“aholidayspentinone’shomecountryratherthanabroad,oronespentathomeandinvolvingdaytripstolocalattractions.”(《牛津词典》将居家度假描述为“在自己的祖国而不是国外度过的假期，或者在国内度过并包括前往当地景点的一日游。”)”和下文“Itgivesyoualmost100%ofrestfultimewithlittletonoprep.(它给你几乎100%的休息时间，几乎没有准备。)”可知，文章接下来要介绍居家度假的好处。选项E“让我们来看看居家度假的好处。”和上下文意思一致。故选E。【17题详解】根据上文“Stoptoconsiderthefollowing:theratio(比例)ofqualitytimethat’sspentonrelaxationismoreimportantthanthenumberofdaysforholidays.(停下来考虑以下几点：花在放松上的高质量时间比假期的天数更重要。)”可知，这里强调要把时间花在高质量的时间上。选项B“如果你仔细想想，你就会意识到这是真的。”和上文意思一致。故选B。【18题详解】根据上文“Thisisoneofthereasonswhystaycationsaremorerefreshingthanvacations.(这就是为什么居家度假比度假更令人耳目一新的原因之一。)”和下文“Insteadoflosingtimeandenergypreparingforavacation,astaycationwillprovideyouwithhigh-qualityrestingtime.You’llgetbacktoworkfeelingmorerefreshed,andrelaxed.(居家度假将为你提供高质量的休息时间，而不是浪费时间和精力为度假做准备。回到工作岗位后，你会感到更加精神抖擞、放松。)”可知，这里介绍居家度假的好处。选项A“它们起到了缓解工作和生活压力的真正作用。”和上下文意思一致。故选A。【19题详解】根据下文“Staycationsalsoticksomeofthesameboxesasvacationslikeexperiencingnewthings.(居家度假也与度假一样，比如体验新事物。)”可知，这里提到居家度假可以提供体验新事物的好处。选项D“此外，它可以立即为您提供新鲜的体验。”和下文意思一致。故选D。【20题详解】根据下文“However,ifyoumakeanefforttoexploretheareaclosetowhereyoulive,youmaybepleasantlysurprised.(然而，如果你努力探索离你住的地方很近的地区，你可能会感到惊喜。)”可知，这里是建议大家不要去远的地方花钱多的地方去旅游，而是要选择近的地方。选项G“我们经常选择花大价钱去外国旅游。”和下文意思一致。故选G。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。InConnecticut,&teachermadeabigdecisionthatwouldchangethecourseofherlifeandhernewstudent’s.JennaRiccio,abusyelementaryschoolteacher,encountereda____21____thatwouldtestherpityandkindness.In2019,Jenna____22____hernewstudent,Nate,fellillandneededemergencysurgery.Unfortunately,thebloodinfection____23____theamputation(截肢)ofhislogeandleftarm.WhenJenna____24____everythingandwenttoseeNateatthehospital,shefoundhimalone.Shedecidedtobringhim____25____bybeingthereforhim.However,her____26____wasnotjustanactofkindness.JennalearnedNatehadbeen____27____.Concernedforhiswell-being,Jenna____28____hissocialworkertoapplytoadoptNate.Feeling____29____theworkeragreedtohelp._____30_____,whenshetoldherdecisiontoherthen-boyfriend,Timwho’s_____31_____,too,hereadilyagreed.Twoyearslater,things_____32_____forJennainherlovelife.SheandTimgotmarried,anddisabledNatewastheringbearer.However,theirfamilydidn’tbecome_____33_____until2022whenNatebecametheirlegallyadoptedson_____34_____.Today,he’sinthe5thgrade,growinghealthy.“EverynightIgotosleep,thinking,‘I’mvery_____35_____.I’llrepaythemfortheirlove,’”Natesays._____36_____,JennaandTimareoverjoyedtohaveNateintheirlives.Theycannever_____37_____lifewithouthim.Jenna’sdecisiontoadoptNateshowsthe_____38_____ofsympathyandthe_____39_____impactithasonsomeone’slife.TheloveandcaresheshowedNate_____40_____hislife,andtheirjourneyasafamilyistheproofoftheirloveandcare.21.A.promise B.process C.situation D.movement22.A.responded B.discovered C.predicted D.agreed23.A.resultedin B.keptoff C.referredto D.gotover24.A.sold B.suggested C.left D.chose25.A.service B.praise C.money D.comfort26.A.advice B.visit C.chance D.comment27.A.identified B.confused C.abandoned D.disabled28.A.approached B.avoided C.excused D.recognized29.A.upset B.determined C.calm D.moved30.A.Interestingly B.Toherrelief C.Byallmeans D.Surprisingly31.A.intelligent B.easygoing C.proud D.sympathetic32.A.differed B.progressed C.occurred D.gathered33.A.rich B.traditional C.special D.official34.A.finally B.frequently C.previously D.temporarily35.A.lovely B.strong C.lucky D.confident36.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Meanwhile D.Otherwise37.A.regret B.imagine C.describe D.guide38.A.principle B.criterion C.attitude D.power39.A.positive B.flexible C.general D.cautious40.A.transformed B.returned C.tested D.displayed【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.C25.D26.B27.C28.A29.D30.B31.D32.B33.D34.A35.C36.C37.B38.D39.A40.A【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述小学老师珍娜（Jenna）收养了被遗弃的孩子Nate（内特）并改变了他的人生的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：JennaRiccio是一位忙碌的小学老师，她遇到了一个考验她的怜悯和善良的情况。A.promise承诺；B.process过程；C.situation情况；D.movement移动。根据下文“thatwouldtestherpityandkindness”可知，这里是指一种情况。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2019年，Jenna发现她的新学生Nate生病了，需要紧急手术。A.responded回应；B.discovered发现；C.predicted预测；D.agreed同意。根据下文“hernewstudent,Nate,fellillandneededemergencysurgery”可知，这是Jenna发现的事情。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不幸的是，血液感染导致他的loge和左臂截肢。A.resultedin导致；B.keptoff不接近；C.referredto提到；D.gotover克服。根据下文“theamputation(截肢)ofhislogeandleftarm”可知，这是血液感染导致的结果。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Jenna把所有东西都留下去医院看Nate时，她发现他独自一人。A.sold卖；B.suggested建议；C.left留下；D.chose选择。根据下文“wenttoseeNateatthehospital”可知，Jenna把所有东西都留下去医院看Nate。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她决定陪在他身边，给他带来安慰。A.service服务；B.praise表扬；C.money钱；D.comfort安慰。根据下文“bybeingthereforhim”可知，Jenna留下来是要给他带来安慰。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，她的访问不仅仅是一种善意的行为。A.advice建议；B.visit拜访；C.chance机会；D.comment评论。根据下文“notjustanactofkindness”可知，这里指Jenna去看Nate的行为。故选B。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jenna得知Nate被遗弃了。A.identified被认同的；B.con