2023届福建省龙岩市高考二模英语试题 【含答案解析】

第1页/共1页龙岩市2023年高中毕业班三月教学质量检测英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthetimenow?A.5:15.B.5:00.C.4:45.2.Whydothespeakerscomehere?A.Tosellahouse.B.Tolookatanewplace.C.Todosomeshopping.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Closefriends.C.Brotherandsister.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Helikesthebook.B.Hehasn’treadthebook.C.Hewillreturnthebooksoon.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Asalespromotion.B.Theirnewstores.C.Theman’swork.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatwillthewomanprepareforthehost?A.Chocolates.B.Ascarf.C.Atie.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftablemanners?A.They’reeasy.B.They’retooformal.C.They’recomplex.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatiswrongwiththewoman?A.Shehasaheadache.B.Shegotabadcold.C.Shecan’tfallasleep.9.Whenisthedeadlineforthereport?A.Wednesday.B.Thursday.C.Friday.10.Howdoesthemansuggestthewomandealwiththereport?A.Improveit.B.Leaveitwithhim.C.Submititlater.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howoldistheman’sdaughter?A.18.B.20.C.22.12.Whatdidtheman’sdaughterdoyesterday?A.Shegaveatoyturtletohim.B.Shepostedthestoryonline.C.Shecomplainedabouthisaction.13.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atastudio.B.Attheman’soffice.C.Atthewoman’shome.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whoisthemanprobably?A.Anairlineclerk.B.Apoliceofficer.C.Asalesperson.15.Whatcoloristhewoman’shandbag?A.Black.B.Golden.C.Darkred.16.Whatisinthewoman’shandbag?A.Herpurse.B.Herhousekeys.C.HerIDcard.17.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Cancelthecreditcard.B.Waitfortheman’scall.C.PhonetheLostandFoundOffice.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whichplacedotheyoungestgroupcomein?A.Second.B.Third.C.Fourth.19.WhatshouldEastsidepracticemore?A.Thedance.B.Themusic.C.Theexpression.20.WhydoTheStormwinthefirstprize?A.Theviolinistplayedsowell.B.Thesingerhadabeautifulvoice.C.Thedancersperformedexcellent.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWindsorCastleistheoldestandlargestoccupiedcastleintheworld.Aroyalhomeandfortress(堡垒)formorethan900years,itremainsaworkingpalacetothisday,andistheofficialresidenceofTheKing.Whattosee?YourtickettoWindsorCastleallowsentrytotheStateApartments,decoratedwiththefinestworksofartintheRoyalCollection.SpotmasterpiecesondisplaybyHolbein,RubensandVanDyck,SèvreschinaanddelicateEnglishandFrenchfurniture.AdmireQueenMary’sDoll’sHouse—thelargestdolls’houseintheworld—andSt.George’sChapel,whereQueenElizebethIIwaslaidtorestin2022.TheMoatRoomgivesanoverviewofthecastle’s950-yearhistory,withthreelargescalebronze(青铜)modelsshowinghowthecastlelookedatdifferentmomentsintime.TimeyourvisitfortheChangingtheGuardceremony.Ittakesplaceat11amonselectdaysthroughouttheyear(weatherpermitting).TicketsTicketsmustbebookedinadvance.Alternatively,bookontooneofthemanydaytripstoWindsorCastlethatincludeentrytothecastleplusstopsatotherattractionsandtowns,includingStonehenge,Bath,Oxford,Lacock,SalisburyandHamptonCourtPalace.Ifyou’reshortontime,joinanafternooncoachtourfromLondontoWindsorCastle,givingyouenoughtimetolookaroundbeforereturningintheevening.YoucanevencombineLondon’stworoyalresidencesonaBuckinghamPalaceandWindsorCastleTour.PricesChildticket:£15.50YoungPersonticket:£18.00Adultticket:£28.00Under5sfree.Discountsforfamiliesandgroupsofatleast15.OpeningTimesMonday,ThursdaytoSunday.MarchtoOctober:10amto5:15pm(lastadmission4pm).NovembertoFebruary:10amto4:15pm(lastadmission3pm).1.WhatcantouristsdoinWindsorCastle?A.BuydollsfromQueenMary. B.Learnaboutthehistoryofthecastle.C.AdmireartworksinSt.George’sChapel. D.VisitthedailyChangingtheGuardceremony.2.HowmanyroutestoWindsorCastlearerecommendedtotourists?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.3.Whencantouristsbeadmittedintothecastle?A.11:35am,Feb24,Friday. B.10am,May15,Wednesday.C.4:15pm,Saturday,November. D.5:00pm,Monday,October.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是参观世界上最古老的城堡——温莎城堡（WindsorCastle）的相关情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Whattosee?部分的“TheMoatRoomgivesanoverviewofthecastle’s950-yearhistory,withthreelargescalebronze(青铜)modelsshowinghowthecastlelookedatdifferentmomentsintime.(护城河房间展示了这座城堡950年的历史，三个大型青铜模型展示了城堡在不同时刻的样子)”可知，在温莎城堡游客们可以了解到城堡950年的历史。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Tickets部分中的“Alternatively,bookontooneofthemanydaytripstoWindsorCastlethatincludeentrytothecastleplusstopsatotherattractionsandtowns,includingStonehenge,Bath,Oxford,Lacock,SalisburyandHamptonCourtPalace.(或者，你也可以预订温莎城堡一日游，包括进入城堡，在其他景点和城镇停留，包括巨石阵、巴斯、牛津、拉科克、索尔兹伯里和汉普顿宫)”可知，去温莎城堡可以预订温莎城堡一日游，以及“Ifyou’reshortontime,joinanafternooncoachtourfromLondontoWindsorCastle,givingyouenoughtimetolookaroundbeforereturningintheevening.YoucanevencombineLondon’stworoyalresidencesonaBuckinghamPalaceandWindsorCastleTour.(如果你的时间紧张，可以参加下午从伦敦到温莎城堡的长途旅行，让你有足够的时间在晚上返回之前四处看看。你甚至可以在白金汉宫和温莎城堡之旅中游览伦敦的两处王室住所)”可知，如果时间不够可以参加伦敦到温莎城堡的长途旅行，甚至可以在白金汉宫和温莎城堡之旅中游览王室，由以上可知，推荐了三条旅行路线。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据OpeningTimes中的“Monday,ThursdaytoSunday.MarchtoOctober:10amto5:15pm(lastadmission4pm).NovembertoFebruary:10amto4:15pm(lastadmission3pm).(星期一、星期四至星期日。3月至10月：上午10点至下午5点15分(下午4点截止入场)。11月至2月：上午10点至下午4点15分(下午3点截止入场))”可知，符合条件的为星期五，上午11点35分，2月24日。故选A项。BAbookcalledBartlett’sFamiliarQuotationshasbeenpublishedintheUnitedStatessincethe1850s.ItstartedwithJohnBartlett,theownerofabookstorenearBoston,Massachusetts.Heselectedwords,orquotations,fromfamouspeople,includingBenjaminFranklin,ThomasPaineandJohnKeatsforthebook.GeoffreyO’Brienisthecurrenteditorofthe170-year-oldbook.Hesaiditishardtokeepupwithsomanyquotationsbecauseof“thespeedofevents”inmoderntimes.“Nomatterwhenwewenttopress,wewouldbecuttingoffinthemiddleofthestory,”hesaid.The19theditionofBartlett’sjustcameout.Itisthefirstpublicationsince2012andthesecondunderO’Brien.“WiththeInternetandcablenews,youhavetheconstantmanufacturingofstatementsofonekindoranother,”O’Briensaid.So,hetriedtochoosequotationsthathavestayingpowerbeyondcurrentnewsevents.Intheearlydays,thebookwasmostlymadeupofquotationsfromwhitemen.Butrecently,thebookincludeswordsfromthesingerBeyoncéandthetrackandfieldathleteUsainBolt.ItevenhasthoughtsfromotherlanguagessuchasRussianandNavajo,aNativeAmericanlanguage.Withsomanynewquotes,someolderoneshadtoberemoved.O’BriensaidhewassadtodropcommentsbyJohnDryden,oneofhisfavoritepoets.O’Brienalsoneedstokeepthebooktoabout1,400pages.So,onceverywell-knownAmericancomedianslikeBobHopeandJohnnyCarsonarenotinthelatestbook.AlsogonearequotesfromformerU.S.VicePresidentDanQuayleandactorSallyField.O’Briensaidthegoalofthebookistobe“representative”butnotlikeanencyclopedia(百科全书).Noteveryonecangetin.HesaidhewassadtonotbeabletoincludeacommentfromU.S.civilrightsactivistandpoliticianJohnLewis,whodiedin2020.4.Whatisthemainchallengetheeditorfaces?A.Whethertokeeppacewithtimes. B.Whattotakeintothebook.C.Howtodealwithnewstatements. D.Howtoremovethequotes.5.HowdidO’Brientacklethechallenge?A.Heincludedmorelanguages. B.Heresetthegoalofthebook.C.Hekeptthepagesofthebook. D.Heusedpower-lastingquotes.6.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebook?A.Ithasevolvedastimechanges. B.Famousstoriesareselectedforit.C.The19theditionisthesecondpublication. D.Onlyquotesfromwhitemenwereincluded.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ContentofaFamousBook B.DevelopmentofaQuotationBookC.EditorsTrytoPublishMoreBooks D.QuotationBookStrugglestoKeepup【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍《巴特利特熟悉的语录》这本书的相关背景以及发展和出版情况。介绍了书籍的引文很难与时俱进。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Hesaiditishardtokeepupwithsomanyquotationsbecauseof“thespeedofevents”inmoderntimes.“Nomatterwhenwewenttopress,wewouldbecuttingoffinthemiddleofthestory,”hesaid.(他说，由于现代“事件的速度”，很多的引用很难与时俱进。他说:“无论什么时候印刷，我们都会在故事中途中断。”)”可知，由于现代事件发展的速度，编辑们很难决定把什么放进书中。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“So,hetriedtochoosequotationsthathavestayingpowerbeyondcurrentnewsevents.(因此,他努力选择那些在当前新闻事件之外具有持执力的引用。)”可知，O’Brien使用具有持久力的引文。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Withsomanynewquotes,someolderoneshadtoberemoved.O’BriensaidhewassadtodropcommentsbyJohnDryden,oneofhisfavoritepoets.(由于有这么多新引语，一些较旧的引语不得不被删除。奥布莱恩说，他很难过放弃他最喜欢的诗人之一约翰·德莱顿的评论。)”可推断这本书随着时间的变化而演变。故选A。7题详解】主旨大意题。纵观全文，特别是第二段内容“GeoffreyO’Brienisthecurrenteditorofthe170-year-oldbook.Hesaiditishardtokeepupwithsomanyquotationsbecauseof“thespeedofevents”inmoderntimes.“Nomatterwhenwewenttopress,wewouldbecuttingoffinthemiddleofthestory,”hesaid.(杰弗里·奥布莱恩是这本有着170年历史的书的现任编辑。他说，由于现代“事件的速度”，很多引文很难与时俱进。他说：“无论什么时候复印，我们都会在故事中途中断。”)”可知，本文通过介绍了《巴特利特熟悉的语录》这本书的出版情况，介绍了书籍的引文很难与时俱进，因此推断D项“引用书籍很难与时俱进”为最佳标题。故选D。CAnewstudyshowsthatrisinglevelsofplanet-warminggassesmayreduceimportantnutrientsinfoodcrops.Otherstudieshaveshownthathighertemperaturesfromclimatechangeandweatherextremeswillreducefoodproduction.Butscientistsarefindingthatrisinglevelsofcarbondioxideandotherplanet-warminggassesthreatenfoodquality.Researchersstudiedtheeffectsofonesuchgas—carbondioxide—onrice.Theygrew18kindsofriceinfieldsinChinaandJapaninacontrolledenvironment.Theysetcarbondioxidelevelstowhatscientistsarepredictingforourplanetbytheendofthecentury.Theyfoundthattheresultingricecropshadlowerthannormallevelsofvitamins,mineralsandprotein.Ricegrownunderhighcarbondioxideconditionshad,onaverage,13to30percentlowerlevelsoffourBvitaminsand10percentlessprotein.Thecropsalsohad8percentlessironand5percentlesszinc(锌)thanricegrownundernormalconditions.Theresearcherssaidtheeffectsofplanet-warminggasseswouldbemostsevereforthepoorestcitizensinsomeoftheleastdevelopedcountries.Thesepeoplegenerallyeatthemostriceandhavetheleastcomplexdiets,theynoted.Scientistsestimatedthatalmost150millionpeoplemightbeatriskofhavingtoolittleproteinorzincintheirdietby2050.Onescientist,SamMyersofHarvardUniversityofMassachusetts,US,saidthatfindingslikethisareanexampleofthesurprisesclimatechangecreates.“Myconcernis,therearemanymoresurprisestocome,”hesaid.Myersnotedthatpollution,lossofsomespecies,destructionofforests,andotherhumanactivitiesarelikelytoproduceunexpectedproblems.Hesaidthatyoucannotcompletelychangeallthenaturalsystemsthatlivingorganismshavegrowntodependonovermillionsofyearswithouthavingeffectscomebacktoaffectourownhealth.Thenewstudysuggestsawaytolowerthenutritionalharmofclimatechange—togrowdifferentformsofricethathaveshowntobemoreresistanttohighercarbondioxidelevels.8.Accordingtothelateststudy,howdohighertemperaturesaffectcrops?A.Theyremovethenutrition. B.Theyworsenthequality.C.Theylowertheproduction. D.Theydecreasethespecies.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Asiancropscontainmorenutrients. B.Riceisgrowninrestrictedconditions.C.CropsgrownwithlowerCO2arehealthier. D.Poorpeoplesufferalotfromfoodshortage.10.WhatdoesSamMyersagreewith?A.Naturalsystemsdamageourhealth. B.Thenutritionalharmshouldbelowered.C.Moreeffectsarecausedbyclimatechanges. D.Humanactivitiesresultinhealthproblems.11.Whatdoesthewriterintendtodo?A.Tointroduceastudy. B.Toclarifyafact.C.Tomakeasuggestion. D.Toshowaconcern.【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一项研究表明，不断增加的温室气体可能会减少粮食作物的重要营养成分，对人们的身体健康造成影响，并提出了一种降低气候变化对营养危害的方法——种植不同形式的水稻。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Butscientistsarefindingthatrisinglevelsofcarbondioxideandotherplanet-warminggassesthreatenfoodquality.(但科学家们发现，二氧化碳和其他全球变暖气体水平的上升威胁着食品质量。)”可知，高温会让作物的质量变差。故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Ricegrownunderhighcarbondioxideconditionshad,onaverage,13to30percentlowerlevelsoffourBvitaminsand10percentlessprotein.Thecropsalsohad8percentlessironand5percentlesszinc(锌)thanricegrownundernormalconditions.(在高二氧化碳条件下种植的水稻，四种维生素B的含量平均降低了13%到30%，蛋白质含量降低了10%。与正常条件下种植的水稻相比，这些作物的铁含量减少了8%，锌含量减少了5%(锌)。)”可知，在高二氧化碳下生长的水稻，其营养元素都有所降低，由此可知，在低二氧化碳条件下生长的水稻更健康。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Onescientist,SamMyersofHarvardUniversityofMassachusetts,US,saidthatfindingslikethisareanexampleofthesurprisesclimatechangecreates.“Myconcernis,therearemanymoresurprisestocome,”hesaid.(美国哈佛大学马萨诸塞分校的科学家SamMyers说，这样的发现是气候变化带来意外的一个例子。“我担心的是，还会有更多的意外发生，”他说。)”可知，SamMyers认为这只是气候变化带来的震惊之一，他担心的是会有更多的震惊，由此可知，气候变化会带来很多的影响。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据首段中的“Anewstudyshowsthatrisinglevelsofplanet-warminggassesmayreduceimportantnutrientsinfoodcrops.(一项新的研究表明，使地球变暖的气体水平的上升可能会减少粮食作物中的重要营养物质。)”以及尾段中“Thenewstudysuggestsawaytolowerthenutritionalharmofclimatechange—togrowdifferentformsofricethathaveshowntobemoreresistanttohighercarbondioxidelevels.(这项新研究提出了一种降低气候变化对营养危害的方法——种植不同形式的水稻，这些水稻已被证明对更高的二氧化碳水平具有更强的抵抗力。)”并结合下文中对该研究的介绍和分析，同时新研究提出的相应的解决方案可知，本文作者是介绍一项气候变暖针对作物质量影响的新研究。故选A项。DMusicisgoodforthehealth.Anddrummingmaybebestofall.Aswellasbeingphysicallydemanding,itrequirespeopletosynchronisetheirlimbsandtoreacttooutsidestimuli,suchaswhattherestofthebandisupto.Itisparticularlyhelpfulforchildrenwhohaveemotionalandbehaviouraldifficulties.ResearchersattheClemBurkeDrummingProject—anorganisationnamedafterBlondie’sdrummer,whowasoneofitsfounders—haveshownthatteachingsuchchildrentodrumhelpsthemtocontroltheirreactionsmoregenerally,tofocusmoreeffectivelyontaskstheyaregiven,andtocommunicatebetterwithotherpeople.Theproject’slatestwork,publishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesbyateamledbyMarie-StephanieCahartofKing’sCollege,London,goesastepfurther.Itlooksattheneurological(神经系统的)changeswhichaccompanytheseshifts.MsCahartandhercolleaguesrecruited36autistic(自闭的)teenagersandsplitthemintotwogroups.Onelothaddrumlessonstwiceaweekforeightweeks.Theothersdidnot.Atthebeginningandendoftheprojecteveryonewasaskedtostaystillfor45minutesinafunctionalmagnetic-resonanceimaging(fmri)machine,toseehowtheactivityoftheirbrainshadchanged.Theirbehaviour,asreportedbytheirguardians,wasalsorecorded.Asexpected,mostofthedrumminggroupshowedpositivebehaviouralchanges.Andthesewereindeedreflectedintheirbrains.Thefmriscansshowedthatseveralclustersofconnectivitybetweenpartsofthosebrainshadstrengthenedduringtheexperiment.Inparticular,tworegionsinvolvedinattentioncontrol,therightdorsolateralprefrontalcortex(背外侧前额叶皮层)andtherightinferiorfrontalgyrus(额下回),formedstronglinks,respectively,withplacesassociatedwithreflectionandwithareasinvolvedininterpretingfacialexpressions.Thesechangesinthebrain’s“wetware”thusnicelymatchthechangesinbehaviourwhichlearningtodrumcauses.Notasurprise,perhaps.Butanencouragingconfirmationofdrumming’spowertoheal.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“synchronise”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Order. B.Show. C.Strengthen. D.Adjust.13.Whywastheteenagers’behaviorrecorded?A.Toobservethepositivestimuli. B.Toseeitsrelationwithbrainchanges.C.Toshowbehavioraldifferences. D.Todemonstratetheirfacialconnection.14.Whatcanwelearnaboutdrumming?A.Itcuresmentalillnesses. B.Itarousesinterestinmusic.C.Itshapesbetterbehavior. D.Itbalancesmindsandbehavior.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Drummingbenefitshealth. B.Howtotacklepeoplelessfocused.C.Aresearchonemotionandbehavior. D.Thelinksbetweendrummingandbrain.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍打鼓可以帮助孩子解决情绪和行为上的困难，有助于他们控制自己的反应，更好地集中注意力，更好地沟通。科学家们研究了打鼓是如何影响自闭症青少年的大脑的，发现它会使他们的行为发生积极的变化。【12题详解】词句猜测题。结合常识和划线词所在句“itrequirespeopletosynchronisetheirlimbsandtoreacttooutsidestimuli(它要求人们synchronise四肢，并对外界刺激做出反应)”中“reacttooutsidestimuli”可推知，打鼓的时候四肢参与，要对外界刺激做出反应就需要不断去“调整”四肢的动作与状态，所以划线词与adjust同义，意为“调整”。故选D项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Atthebeginningandendoftheprojecteveryonewasaskedtostaystillfor45minutesinafunctionalmagnetic-resonanceimaging(fmri)machine,toseehowtheactivityoftheirbrainshadchanged.Theirbehaviour,asreportedbytheirguardians,wasalsorecorded.(在项目开始和结束时，每个人都被要求在功能性磁共振成像仪(fmri)中保持45分钟不动，以观察他们的大脑活动是如何变化的。他们的监护人所报告的行为也被记录下来)”和第四段中“Asexpected,mostofthedrumminggroupshowedpositivebehaviouralchanges.Andthesewereindeedreflectedintheirbrains.Thefmriscansshowedthatseveralclustersofconnectivitybetweenpartsofthosebrainshadstrengthenedduringtheexperiment.(不出所料，击鼓组的大多数人表现出积极的行为变化。这些确实反映在他们的大脑中。功能磁共振成像扫描显示，在实验过程中，这些大脑部分之间的连接簇得到了加强)”可推知，记录青少年的行为的目的是看它与大脑变化的关系。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Asexpected,mostofthedrumminggroupshowedpositivebehaviouralchanges.(不出所料，击鼓组的大多数人表现出积极的行为变化)”可知，打鼓塑造了更好的行为。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Musicisgoodforthehealth.Anddrummingmaybebestofall.(Notasurprise,perhaps.Butanencouragingconfirmationofdrumming’spowertoheal.)”和最后一段中“Notasurprise,perhaps.Butanencouragingconfirmationofdrumming’spowertoheal.(也许这并不奇怪。但鼓乐的治愈能力得到了鼓舞人心的证实)”可知，本文主要介绍打鼓可以帮助孩子解决情绪和行为上的困难，有助于他们控制自己的反应，更好地集中注意力，更好地沟通。所以“Drummingbenefitshealth.(击鼓有益于健康)”有文章主要内容。故选A项。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Amajorbenefitofgrowingyourowntomatoesisvariety.Ifyouvisitagardencenter,youwillfindseedsandsmallstarterplantsforyellowtomatoes,purpletomatoes,hugetomatoes,andevenverysmalltomatoes.____16____.Themostimportantthingsaretogivetheplantsplentyofwater,well-drainingsoil,heatandlight.Itisbesttogrowtomatoesinaplacethatreceivesatleastsixhoursofsunlighteachday.Removingweedswillkeeppestsanddiseasesawaywhilegivingtheplantsenoughnutrientstoproducefruit.TomatoesgrowbestinsoilwithapHlevelbetween6.0and6.8.IfthepHreadingislowerthan6.0,youcanaddabout2cupsofdolomiticlime(石灰)intothesoilforeachplant.Ifyouwanttogrowreallybigtomatoes,tryfollowingtheseseventipsfromexpertgrowers:SelecttomatoseedswithnameslikeBigZacorBull’sHeart.____17____.Startseedsearlyindoorsandre-plantthemintolargercontainersseveraltimesbeforemovingthemoutdoors.____18____,removingleavesfromthebottomone-thirdofplantsandburyingstemsuptothenextsetofleaves.Thiswillproducestrongerplants.Removenewflowersthatdevelopatthetopoftheplantwhenolderfruitsnearthebottombegintogrow.____19____.Paycloseattention!Observetheplantsdailyforpostsanddiseases.Reactquicklytopreventproblems.Removethesmallgrowthswheretheplant’sstemsandbranchesmeet.Thiswillpreventthemfromtakingawaynutrientsandshadingdevelopingfruitunderthem.____20____insteadoflettingthemdevelopintoashorter,widershrub(灌木).Finally,water,fertilizeandweed!A.PlantthemdeepeachtimeB.RichsoilbenefitsthegrowthC.TomatoesarenotdifficulttogrowD.SkillsaredemandingingrowingtomatoesECutbacktheplantstokeeponlyonemainbranchF.TheyareallgeneticallydesignedtoproducelargefruitG.Thiswillforcetheplanttoproducefewerbutlargertomatoes【答案】16.C17.F18.A19.G20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了如何种植西红柿。【16题详解】下文“Themostimportantthingsaretogivetheplantsplentyofwater,well-drainingsoil,heatandlight.Itisbesttogrowtomatoesinaplacethatreceivesatleastsixhoursofsunlighteachday.(最重要的是给植物充足的水、排水良好的土壤、热和光。最好在每天至少能接受6小时阳光照射的地方种植西红柿)”是描述如何种植西红柿，C项“西红柿不难种植”符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】上文“Ifyouwanttogrowreallybigtomatoes,tryfollowingtheseseventipsfromexpertgrowers:SelecttomatoseedswithnameslikeBigZacorBull’sHeart.(如果你想种出真正大的西红柿，试试以下专家种植者的7个建议：选择像BigZac或Bull’sHeart这样的西红柿种子)”提到，如果想种植出大西红柿，可以选择BigZac或Bull’sHeart这样的西红柿种子，F项“它们的基因设计都是为了结出大的果实”符合语境，F项中的“They”指代上文中的“BigZacorBull’sHeart”，故选F。【18题详解】根据空后“removingleavesfromthebottomone-thirdofplantsandburyingstemsuptothenextsetofleaves(把植物底部三分之一的叶子去掉，把茎埋到下一组叶子的地方)”可知，要把西红柿种得深一些，A项“每次都要把它们种得很深”符合语境，故选A。【19题详解】上文“Removenewflowersthatdevelopatthetopoftheplantwhenolderfruitsnearthebottombegintogrow.(当底部附近的较为老的果实开始生长时，移除植物顶部发育的新花)”提到，当底部附近的较为老果实开始生长时，移除植物顶部发育的新花，G项“这将迫使植物生产更少但更大的西红柿”符合语境，描述这样做的原因，故选G。【20题详解】根据空后“insteadoflettingthemdevelopintoashorter,widershrub(灌木)(而不是让它们长成为更短、更宽的灌木)”可知，E项“修剪植株，只保留一条主枝”符合语境，空处是描述避免让西红柿植株长成为更短、更宽的灌木的方法，故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasborntwomonthsprematurewithunderdevelopedlungsandaheartcondition.ThedoctorssaidIwouldn’tlivelongenoughto____21____itoutofthehospital.Asthedayswentby,doctorscouldn’t____22____Iwasstillalive.TheytoldmymomIwasdefying(克服)theodds.Witheachnewdaycamenewstrugglesandchallenges,butalsomore____23____.EverybodybegantoseeIwasa____24____.Iexceeded(超越)everyone’sexpectationsandwas____25____fromthehospitalonemonthlater.YearswentbyandIwasprettymuchjustlikeeveryotherkid,thoughIwenttothedoctoronceamonthfor____26____andthatbecamepartofmynormal____27____.However,thingsstartedto____28____whenIwasintwelfthgrade.Ihadaconstant____29____inmychestandI’dhavetostartatreatmentprogramrightaway.Theprogramwasvery____30____tothechemotherapycancerpatientsgothrough.ShouldIdothetreatmentand____31____notgraduatingwithclassformissingtoomanydaysofschoolorshouldIputitofftillthesummerandpossiblycauseirreversible(不可逆转的)damage?Ithoughtbackwhatmygrandpaalwaystoldme,“There’salwaysanexception,andyou’reusuallyit”,thenIhadmy____32____.IfinishedalltheworkbroughttomewhileIwas____33____inbed.OnceagainIdefiedtheodds;Iwasthe____34____totherule.Justlikethatbabyinthehospitalallthoseyearsago,I____35____—eventothisday—tohavethatsamefightinme…thatwilltonotonlysurvive,buttosucceedineverythingIsetmymindtoaswell.21.A.put B.make C.leave D.get22.A.expect B.tell C.believe D.suspect23.A.luck B.trouble C.regret D.hope24.A.victim B.survivor C.fighter D.patient25.A.released B.deserted C.protected D.saved26.A.checkouts B.checkups C.callbacks D.callins27.A.routine B.activity C.duty D.business28.A.goalright B.godownhill C.showup D.buildup29.A.care B.attention C.tension D.pain30.A.similar B.helpful C.effective D.urgent31.A.try B.admit C.allow D.chance32.A.way B.desire C.decision D.feeling33.A.awake B.stuck C.sleeping D.lying34.A.witness B.winner C.exception D.servant35.A.plan B.work C.happen D.continue【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.C25.A26.B27.A28.B29.D30.A31.D32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者早产了两个月，肺部发育不全，心脏也有问题，但作者成功活了下来，超出了所有人的期望。多年以后，作者的身体情况再次变差，不得不住院，但作者仍然决心存活下去，并且要在做的每件事上取得成功。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生说我活不了多久，出不了医院了。A.put放置；B.make使成功；C.leave离开；D.get获得。根据上文“ThedoctorssaidIwouldn’tlivelongenoughto”可知，医生说作者时日无多了，无法出院了，makeit表示“（病痛等）好转”。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：日子一天天过去，医生们都不敢相信我还活着。A.expect期待；B.tell告诉；C.believe相信；D.suspect怀疑。根据后文“Iwasstillalive”以及上文提到医生说作者活不了多久了，所以医生不敢相信作者还活着。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一天都有新的挣扎和挑战，但也有更多的希望。A.luck运气；B.trouble麻烦；C.regret后悔；D.hope希望。根据上文“Witheachnewdaycamenewstrugglesandchallenges,butalsomore”中but表示转折，可知，每一天都有新的挣扎和挑战，但也有更多的希望。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都开始看到我是一个斗士。A.victim受害者；B.survivor幸存者；C.fighter战士，斗士；D.patient病人。呼应后文“thatsamefightinme”指每个人认为作者是一个斗士。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我超出了所有人的期望，一个月后出院了。A.released释放；B.deserted抛弃；C.protected保护；D.saved挽救。根据上文“Iexceededeveryone’sexpectationsandwas”可知，作者超出了所有人的期望，一个月后出院了，releasefromthehospital表示“出院”。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多年过去了，我和其他孩子没什么不同，不过我每个月去看一次医生，做一次身体检查，这成了我日常生活的一部分。A.checkouts签出，结账；B.checkups检查；C.callbacks调回；D.callins呼入。根据上文“Iwenttothedoctoronceamonthfor”指作者每个月去看一次医生，做一次身体检查，故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多年过去了，我和其他孩子没什么不同，不过我每个月去看一次医生，做一次身体检查，这成了我日常生活的一部分。A.routine常规；B.activity活动；C.duty义务；D.business生意。上文提到作者每个月去看一次医生，做一次身体检查，这成为了作者的日常生活的一部分。故选A。28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，当我上十二年级的时候，事情开始走下坡路。A.goalright正常；B.godownhill逐渐变坏；C.showup露面；D.buildup建立。根据后文“inmychestandI’dhavetostartatreatmentprogramrightaway”可知，事情开始变坏了，作者必须马上接受治疗。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的胸部一直疼痛，我必须马上开始治疗。A.care关心；B.attention注意力；C.tension紧张；D.pain痛苦。根据后文“inmychestandI’dhavetostartatreatmentprogramrightaway”可知，作者要接受治疗，说明身体出现疼痛。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个项目与癌症患者所经历的化疗非常相似。A.similar相似的；B.helpful有帮助的；C.effective有效的；D.urgent紧急的。根据后文“tothechemotherapycancerpatientsgothrough”可知，这个项目与癌症患者所经历的化疗非常相似。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我应该做治疗，这样就有可能因为缺课太多而不能按时毕业，还是应该推迟到夏天，这样可能会造成不可逆转的伤害？A.try尝试；B.admit承认；C.allow允许；D.chance冒险做。根据后文“notgraduatingwithclassformissingtoomanydaysofschool”可知，作者在犹豫做治疗可能因为缺课太多而不能按时毕业，chance此处为动词表示“冒险做……”。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我回想起爷爷常对我说的话：“凡事总有例外，而你通常就是例外”，然后我做出了决定。A.way方法；B.desire渴望；C.decision决定；D.feeling感觉。根据后文“O