2020-2021学年上海市黄浦区高三（上）期末英语试卷（一模）

第1页（共1页）2020-2021学年上海市黄浦区高三（上）期末英语试卷（一模）I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections：InSectionA，youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation，aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit，readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper，anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1．（1分）A.Brotherandsister.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Husbandandwife.D.Motherandson.2．（1分）A.Awaiter.B.Amanager.C.Asalesman.D.Abarber.3．（1分）A.Heenjoyseatingit.B.Hecareslittleforit.C.Heprefersfriedseafood.D.Hedoesn'twanttotasteit.4．（1分）A.Thegoodstherewereonsalelastweekend.B.It'sthewoman'sfavouriteshoppingmall.C.Itsoldout50%ofthegoodslastweekend.D.It'sthecheapestshoppingmallnearby.5．（1分）A.Thewomanisn'tsatisfiedwithherclothes，style.B.Thewomanismostprobablypregnant.C.Thewomandoesn'tlikethenewfamilymember.D.Thewomanistryingherbesttoloseweight.6．（1分）A.Itistheonlypropertyshehas.B.Herfatheraskedhernottosellit.C.Sheinheriteditfromhisfather.D.Shehasnowheretoliveaftersellingit.7．（1分）A.Callarepairmantocomeatonce.B.Checkthesinkinthekitchenfirst.C.Clearupthekitchenrightnow.D.Stopthewaterfromrunningimmediately.8．（1分）A.Shelostherpurse.B.Sheforgottobringcash.C.Shefailedtoattendtheconcert.D.Shewasunabletogetthestudentdiscount.9．（1分）A.Finishcheckingherreference.B.Completetheresearch.C.Putthematerialinorder.D.Starttypingthepaper.10．（1分）A.Thewomanenjoyedthemovieverymuch.B.Thewomandidn'tsleepwellbecauseofthemovie.C.Themanaskedthewomantobecarefulatnight.D.Themaninvitedthewomantogotothetheatretogether.SectionBDirections：InSectionB，youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation，youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice，butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion，readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.11．（4.5分）（1）A.Shewroteseveralbooks.B.Shemanagedafarm.C.Shewasabusinesswoman.D.Sheworkedasanurse.（2）A.101years.B.76years.C.25years.D.22years.（3）A.Picturesinplainstyle.B.Asuccessfulartcollector.C.AgreatAmericanartist.D.Thesecretoflivinglonger.12．（4.5分）（1）A.Toconcentrateforourquietthought.B.Togivefullattentiontothedriving.C.Toavoidbeingcaughtbythepolice.D.Tobeascasualaspossibleinthedriving.（2）A.Inanelevator.B.Ataspecialhall.C.Inabathroom.D.Ataconcert.（3）A.Bylisteningcomprehensivelyandanalytically.B.Bytakingasonicbaththoroughly.C.Byattendingclassicalconcertsfrequently.D.Bylisteningtoanemotionalpieceofmusic.13．（6分）（1）A.Inquiringaboutthedetailsofatradefair.B.Bookingroomsatahotel.C.Complainingaboutthehotelroomservice.D.Givingsuggestionsonreceivingguests.（2）A.It'sabusyseasonforinternationaltourism.B.Therearen'tmanyhotelsavailableinthecity.C.Animportanteconomiceventwilloccur.D.Thereisabigconferencetobeheld.（3）A.Forfivedaysaltogether.B.FromDec.11thtoDec.13th.C.FrommorningtonightonDec.15th.D.Awholedayonthefourthdayoftheirstay.（4）A.Thewomanwantstoreserveroomseitheronthe1stor6thfloor.B.Thewomanhastopay1200dollarsforalltheroomsshehasbooked.C.Whethertheroomsareaccessiblebywheelchairwillaffectthewoman'schoice.D.TwelvepeoplearemostlikelytoattendtheconferencetobeheldonDec.13th.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword，fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks，useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.14．（10分）ConsidertheMechanicalPencilIfyouusedtocollectsmallobjects.I'msure（ifyouwereanythinglikemyyoungerself）thatyouusedtocollectmechanicalpencils.InoneofthemathpreparatoryclassesI（1）（go）toinelementaryandmiddleschool，weusedtoreceivemechanicalpencilsasprizesfordoingwellonthein﹣classexamsoransweringquestionsinclass.Thiswas（2）IbuiltupmycollectionofCadoozles，whichareshortmechanicalpencilsdecoratedwithbrightlycoloredspaceshipsandicecreambars.ButI'velongsinceusedupallmyCadoozlesandamajorityofthemechanicalpencilsthatI（3）（hide）inanemptymoon﹣caketinsomanyyearsbefore，whichmakesmereflectfondlybackonthoseolddays，whenreceivingamechanicalpencilwasaseasyasdrinkingaglassofwater.MechanicalpencilsarenotonlymoreconvenientthanyourtraditionalTiconderogainthesensethattheyneverneed（4）（sharpen）；theyalsoproducethinner，cleanerlines，whichisextremelyimportantfordrawersanddrafters.Furthermore，theyareenvironmentallyfriendly，sinceyoudon'thavetobuy（5）woodenpencilwheneveryourunoutoflead（铅芯）.Youcansimplyrefillyourmechanicalpencil.ThereisonlyoneslightnegativeImustremarkon，（6）isthatassomeonewhocallsmechanicalpencils"leadpencil"incasualconversation，theterm"leadpencil"isconfusing.Mechanicalpencilleadisactuallynotmadefromthechemicalelementlead.Itismadefromamixtureofgraphiteandclay，which（7）notgiveyouleadpoisoning.Thisiscontrarytowhatmythird﹣gradeteachersaidwhenshesawmyclassmateJohnclickinghismechanicalpencilagainsthisindexfingeroutofboredom："John，stopthat!You'regoingtogetleadpoisoning!"Ithinkallthethird﹣graders（andteachers）intheworldwouldfeelmuch（8）（safe）iftheyknewwhatreallymadeupthepencilstheyuseeveryday.ItusedtobesoeasytograbamechanicalpencilwheneverIneededone，but（9）themoon﹣caketinhasbecomeincreasinglylighter，Ihavelearnedtoappreciatemywritinginstrumentsmore.PerhapsIshouldhavecollectedafewmoreCadoozleswhenIwasyounger；perhapsIshouldhaveappreciatedthefeelingofholdingupthemoon﹣caketinwhenitwasthree﹣quartersfull，hopingthatthreewouldalwaysbeanewpencilforme（10）（use）tomorrow.SectionBDirections：Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.15．（10分）A.threatenedB.designedC.preferencesD.typicallyE.experimentalF.theoreticalG.abandonedH.instrumentsI.constantlyJ.extensiveK.persuasiveScienceIsn'tAlwaysPerfect﹣﹣ButWeShouldStillTrustItFromenvironmentpollutiontoclimatechange，wemakedecisionseverydaythatinvolveusinscientificclaims.Aregeneticallymodifiedcropssafetoeat？Isclimatechangeanemergency？Inrecentyears，manyoftheseissueshavebecomepoliticallypolarized，withpeoplerejectingscientificevidencethatisoppositetheirpolitical（1）.WhenGretaThunberg，theyouthfulclimateactivist，wasaskedbyonememberwhyweshouldtrustthescience，shereplied，"becauseit'sscience!"Forseveraldecades，therehasbeena（n）（2）andorganizedcampaignintendedtoproducedistrustinscience，fundedbyregulatedindustriesandlibertarianthink﹣tankswhoseinterestsandbeliefsare（3）bythefindingsofmodernscience.Inresponse，scientistshavetendedtostressthesuccessofscience.Afterall，scientistshavebeenrightaboutmostthings，fromthestructureoftheuniversetotherelativityoftimeandspace.Thatanswerisn'twrong，butformanypeopleit'snot（4）.Afterall，justbecausescientistsmorethan400yearsagowererightaboutthestructureofthesolarsystemdoesn'tprovethatadifferentgroupofscientistsarerightaboutadifferentissuetoday.Analternativeanswertothequestion﹣﹣Whytrustscience？﹣﹣isthatscientistsuse"thescientificmethod."Ifyou'vegotahighschoolsciencetextbooklyingaroundthehouse，you'llprobablyfindthatanswerinit.Butthisansweriswrong.Butwhatis（5）declaredtobethescientificmethod﹣﹣developahypothesis（假设），thendesignanexperimenttotestit﹣﹣isn'twhatscientistsactuallydo.Historiansofsciencehaveshownthatscientistsusemanydifferentmethods，andthesemethodshavechangedwithtime.Science（6）changes：newmethodsgetinvented，oldonesget（7），andanyparticularpointintimescientistscanbefounddoingmanydifferentthings.Andthat'sagoodthing，becausetheso﹣calledscientificmethoddoesn'twork.Falsetheoriescanproducetrueresults，soevenifanexperimentworks，itdoesn'tprovethetheorythatwas（8）totestitistrue.Therealsomightbemanydifferenttheoriesthatcouldproducethatsame（9）result.Onthecontrary，iftheexperimentfails，itdoesn'tprovethetheoryiswrong：itcouldbethattheexperimentwasbadlyconductedortherewasafaultinoneofthe（10）.III.ReadingComprehensionsSectionADirections：Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage，therearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.16．（15分）Travelling，atleasttravellinganyconsiderabledistance，meansdealingwithairports.I'veseenmyshareofairports.Theycomeinseveral（1）.ThesmallestIhavebeenthroughwasintheAfricantownofHoedspruitwherethemainwaitingareawassmallerthanmanyschoolclassrooms，securityandticketcheckingwereboth（2）byonepersonwhowasalsocontrollingthegateontotheairfieldandyouhadtowalkouttotheplaneandclimbthestairstogetin.ItwasevensmallerthanCanada'sMonctonairportwherethepersontakingtheticketswasalsooneofthetwo（3）onourflight.Attheotherextremearethe（4），modernairportsintheworld'smajorcities.LAX，inLosAngeleshastwoparallelrunwaysandprovidestheunusualopportunitytowatchoutthewindowofyourlandingaircraftasanotheronelandsrightbesideyou.Some，suchasBeijing'sCapitalInternationalAirport，SeaTacinSeattleandtheInternationalAirportinSanFrancisco，likethoseinHongKongandShanghai，have（5）terminalsconnectedbydifferentbusesorundergroundtrains.Findingaconnectingflightoftenmeanschangingterminals，whichcanbealittle（6）.HeathrowairportinLondon，England，（7）thatbiggerisnotalwaysbetter.Heathrowconsistsofterminalsusedbyvarious（8）andiscenteredaroundanareathatcontainsstoresandrestaurants.AtHeathrowthetiredtravellergetsthe（9）thattheywantyoutospendyourtimeinthestoresbecausetheywon'tannouncethegatefromwhichyourflightwillleaveuntilaboutanhourbeforeflighttime.Giventhattheystarttogetpeopleontotheplaneshalfanhourbeforetakeoffthatleavesjust30minutestofindand（10）yourgate，someofwhicharea15﹣minutewalkfromthestorearea.Thereisabsolutelyno（11）forthisbecausetheairportauthoritiesknowevenbeforethedaybeginshowmanyflightsarearrivinganddepartingandwheretheyplantoputthem.IfIhavejustcomeoffonelongflightandI'mwaitingforanother，whatIwantisaquietplace，notanarea（12）brightlightsandnoisyshoppers.Travel，forme，isinterestingbutwhenIhavetofly，gettingthereis（13）nothalfthefun.Airplanesareveryefficientwaytomovepeoplelongdistancesandairportsarea（n）（14）partoftheprocess.Mostairportdotheirbesttoprovideagoodtravellingexperiencebuttheyaretobe（15），notreallyenjoyed.（1）A.typesB.citiesC.areasD.sizes（2）A.identifiedB.handledC.promotedD.processed（3）A.guardsB.astronautsC.pilotsD.passengers（4）A.tremendousB.crowdedC.internationalD.fashionable（5）A.flexibleB.multipleC.availableD.irregular（6）A.excitingB.astonishingC.confusingD.encouraging（7）A.regulatesB.emphasizesC.encountersD.demonstrates（8）A.functionsB.departmentsC.airlinesD.authorities（9）A.recreationB.presentationC.announcementD.impression（10）A.lookforB.gettoC.meetatD.checkout（11）A.exceptionB.doubtC.apologyD.excuse（12）A.filledwithB.dominatedbyC.decoratedwithD.recognizedby（13）A.increasinglyB.permanentlyC.attentivelyD.definitely（14）A.effectiveB.optionalC.necessaryD.suitable（15）A.simplifiedB.enduredC.declaredD.paralleledSectionBDirections：Readthefollowingtwopassage.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.17．（8分）Sometimeswhenshefeltbored，shewouldpickuponeofthenumerousbiographies（传记）aboutherselfandbegintonotein."Ineverdidthat"or"simplynottrue"shewouldwriteroughlyinthemarginsatthesidesofpages.Sincejournalists，biographersandmorerecentlyeven"bloggers"hadbeenwritingabouthersincethedayshewasborn，therewasplentyofmaterialtoedit.Notthathernotesorcorrectionswereeversharedwiththeauthors.Lately，however，sheevenseemedtohavelostherappetiteforcorrectness.Diditmatteranymoreifthingswerenotright？Sheknewthatsittingalonechewingawayondownbeatthoughtswouldnotgetheranywhereandwouldleavethosearoundherconfusedandupset，shouldtheyevercatchherout.Afterallshewasthedecisiveone，alwaysontopofhergame.Aprintedtimetableforthefollowingdaylayonthetable.Afulldayofopeningsandpresentations，ofsmilingandnoddingandflowers.Shakingherselfoutofhergraymood，shesteppedovertowardsthecomputerwhereasuddenburstofenergygaveheranidea.ThescreenflashedupinfrontofherbutinsteadofclickingonthefamiliariconswhichwouldleadhertotheemailsRandolphconsideredsheneededtoread，shesimplywenttovisitMr.Googleandbeganhersearchfortraintimetable.Adishheapedwithmulti﹣colouredjelliesandplentyoficecream，servedbyawhite﹣glovedtrainwaiterwithaperfectmoustache.Somanyyearshadpassedbutshestillrememberedthejellydissolvingonhertongueinsmallbutdeliciousmouthfuls.Eachspoonfulhadtobelifteddelicatelytohermouthunderthewatchedeyeofhergrandmother，whowasasticklerforgoodmanners.Itwasunlikelythattheyservedjellyonthetrainsthesedays，whatwithalltheconcernaboutchildhoodfatness，butevenaSpartanmenucouldnotkilltheromanceofatrainjourney.AsthetimetableforLine﹣burstlineflashedinfrontofher，sherememberedthattheMayorofAlwoywouldbeexpectinghertomakeashort，predictablespeechattheopeningofthenowbridge.（1）Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage？A.Themaincharacterisprobablyajournalistwritingblogsaboutroyalmembers.B.Themaincharacterisalwaysbusyeditingplentyofmaterialaboutherself.C.Theauthorsprobablyhadchancestogetthenotesorcorrectnessfromthemaincharacter.D.Randolphisprobablyanassistantorasecretarytothemaincharacter.（2）Whydoesthemaincharacterrecallthetimesheatejelliesandicecream？A.Shewishesthatshewerestillachildsothatshecouldeatjelliesandicecream.B.Sheisremindedofthesefoodsbecausethethoughtofatrainjourneyremindsherofthem.C.Shewishesshestillknewwherethehandsometrainwaiterwas.D.Today'schildrenaren'tallowedtoeatthesamethingsthatsheateasachild.（3）A"Spartenmenu"（paragraph4）wouldmostlikely.A.havemainlylowfat，healthyfoodsB.besuitableforaromanticdinnerC.includearangeofsweets，butnojellyD.includefoodswhichareeasytotransport（4）Whatismostlikelytohappennextinthispassage？A.ThemaincharacterwillpractiseherspeechforgreetingtheMayorofAlwoy.B.Themaincharacterwilldecidetotakearailjourney.C.Randolphwillsendsomeemailstothemaincharacter.D.Themaincharacterwillupdateherblogontheinternet.18．（6分）Canalshavetobebuiltonalevel，otherwisethewaterdrainsoutofthemandthecanalbecomesuseless.Thiswasthegreatproblemfacingtheearlycanalbuilders，andtheyovercameitindifferentways.TheearlyengineerslikeJamesBrindleysimplyfollowedtheoutlinesofthecountrysideandkepttheircanalslevelthoughitoftenmeantchoosingveryroundaboutroutes.Laterengineers，suchasThomasTelford，developedanewtechniqueknownas"cutandfill"inwhichtheyfixedalevelthroughveryaccuratesurveying.Thisallowedthemtofillinthehollowsonaroutewiththeexactamountofsoiltheytookfromthehigherground.Bythismethod，verydirectroutescouldbetaken，whichcutdownthetimeofajourneyveryconsiderably.AgoodexampleofthistypeofcanalisTelford'sLiverpoolandBirminghamJunctionCanal，whichhebeganin1826toprovideadirectroutefromtheMidlandstotheRiverMersey.Itwasseldompossibletobuildacompletelylevelcanal，ofcourse，whichevermethodwasused，andmostcanalswereprovidedwithlocksinwhichbargeswereraisedorloweredtonewlevels.Ifyoulookatthediagramontheright，youcanseeabargebeingraisedinalockbymeansofwaterwhichwasallowedintothelockbasin，orpound，fromtheupperlevelofthecanal.Whenabargehadtobelowered，waterwasallowedoutofthepoundintothelowerlevelofthecanal.（1）Brindley'scanalswerelessefficient，mostlikelybecause.A.hewasnotagoodcanalengineerB.thetechniquesandskillsavailableatthetimewereuselessC.hiscanalswerebuilttokeepthewaterdrainsoutD.theyhadtoomanyroundaboutroutes（2）Accordingtothispassage，whywasthe"cutandfill"techniquedesigned？A.Theoutlinesofthelandcouldnotbefolloweddirectly.B.Itcouldmaketravellingdistancesshorterandsavejourneytime.C.Newsurveyingtechniqueshadbeeninventedsuccessfully.D.ThedistancebetweentheMidlandsandRiverMerseyisgreat.（3）Locksareneededincanalsto.A.helpboatstotravelinbothdirectionsB.keepwaterlevelschangingallthetimeC.allowlargeshipstotravelincanalsD.transferboatsacrossdifferingwaterlevels19．（8分）Intheancientworld，thepracticeofmedicinewasinescapablylinkedtosupernaturalbeliefandmagic.ThatwasuntiltheGreeksmadeadvancesinthefieldandbrilliantfiguressuchasHippocrateslaidthefoundationsforourmedicinetoday.Recognizedasthefatherofmodernmedicine，Hippocratesrealisedwhatseemsobvioustoustoday﹣﹣thattheobservationandnotingofsymptomsisprimary.HetravelledacrossGreeceteachingmedicine，encouragingtheviewthatdiseasehadphysical，notsuper﹣natural，explanations.MedicalstudentsstilltaketheHippocraticOath，aformalpromisemadebynewdoctorsthattheywillfollowthestandardssetbytheirprofessionandtrytopreservelife，swearingtousetheirskillstohealanddonoharm.OneofHippocrates'theorieswasofthe"fourhumours"，abeliefthatdiseasewascausedbyanimbalanceofthefourliquidssupposedlycontainedinthehumanbody﹣﹣blood，phlegm，andblackandyellowbile（aliquidproducedbyyourorganwhichhelpsyoutodigestfat）.Blood﹣lettingwasacommonresponsetoillnessandwasuseduntilonly150yearsagointhemistakenbeliefthatitwouldrestorethebody'sinternalbalance.ButwhiletheGreeksmayhavebeenwrongaboutthebleedingandthebile，theywerestillthefirstcivilizationtounderstandthatdiseasescouldbetreatedbyusingcarefullyobservationandlogicalthought.Aristotle，politicaltheorist，philosopherandteacher，alsostudiedthenaturalworldfromascientificpointofview.Hewasthefirsttoclassifyorganisms，andalthoughhismethodmayseemsimplenow，hedividedthemintotwobasiccategories，aseitherplantoranimal﹣﹣hewasthefirsttodoso.Aristotlevaluedexperimentationarediscoveredthatevaporation，theprocessofbecomingavapour，turnedsaltwaterintofreshwater.Hewasalsobelieverinthetheorythatallmatteriscomposedoffourelements﹣﹣fire，earth，waterandair.Hippocratesbelievedthefourhumours，relatedtothefourliquidsinthebody，wereeachinlinewithorgan，aseasonandwithdifferentmoods.ThefourwerebasedontheGreeks'ideaoffourbaseelements（water，fire，earth）.Althoughdiscreditednow，thehumoursformedthebasisofwesternmedicineuntilthecentury.Theywere：﹣Bloodfromtheliver；associatedwithSpring；withcourageandhope﹣Phlegmfrombrainandlungs；Winter；calmandunemotional﹣Yellowbilefromgallbladder（胆囊）：Summer；angerandbadtemper﹣Blackbilefromspleen（脾脏）：Autumn；withblueanddarkmood（1）WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage？A.ItwastheGreeksthatmadeadvancesinthefieldofpracticeofmedicineintheancientworld.B.TheHippocraticOathisaformalpromisemadebynewdoctorstosweartheirresponsibilities.C.Hippocratesthoughtdiseasewascausedbyimbalanceofthefourliquidscontainedinthehumanbody.D.Hippocrateswasthefirsttobelievediseasescouldbetreatedbycarefulobservationandlogicalthought.（2）Thepracticeofblood﹣lettingwasbasedonthebeliefthat.A.thebloodwaspollutedbyvirusesB.thehumanbodywasnotevenlybalancedC.thepatientwasinabadhumourD.toomuchbloodwasbadforpeople（3）HowdidAristotlefindoutthatsaltwatercanbeturnedintofreshwater？A.Hestudiedmanybooksfromascientificpointofview.B.Hedrewtheconclusionaccordingtothetwobasiccategories.C.Hemadethediscoverybasedonconductingexperimentshimself.D.Hebelievedthatallmatterconsistsoffourbaseelements.（4）WhyisHippocratesconsideredthefounderofmodernmedicine？A.Heprovedthattherearefourbaseelementsinallmatterintheworld.B.Heshowedtheprocedureofhowthefourbodilyliquidsaffectedmoods.C.Heinsistedthatalmostalldiseaseshadsupernaturalexplanations.D.Herecognizedtheimportanceoftheobservationandnotingofsymptoms.SectionCDirections：Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.20．（8分）A.Currentevidencesuggeststhatmanyofthesebenefitscontinueintoadulthood.B.Toincreasephysicalactivityforadolescents，theauthorsneedtoidentifythemanycausesandinequities.C.Theauthorssaythatlevelsofinsufficientphysicalactivityinadolescentscontinuetobeextremelyhigh.D.Toimprovelevelsofphysicalactivityamongadolescents，thestudyprovidessomerecommendationasfollows.E.Theauthorsnotethatadolescents'participationinphysicalactivitywillcontinueintoadulthood.F.Thestudyhighlightsthatyoungpeoplehavetherighttoplayandshouldbeprovidedwiththeopportunitiestorealizetheirrighttophysicalandmentalhealthandwell﹣being.AdolescentsWorldwideNotSufficientlyPhysicallyActiveNewWHO﹣ledstudysaysmajorityofadolescentsworldwidearenotsufficientlyphysicallyactive，puttingtheircurrentandfuturehealthatrisk.（1）"Urgentpolicyactiontoincreasephysicalactivityisneedednow，particularlytopromoteandkeepupgirls'participationinphysicalactivity，"saysstudyauthorDrReginaGut﹣hold，WHO.Thehealthbenefitsofaphysicallyactivelifestyleduringadolescenceincludeimprovedheartandlungsfitness，bonehealthandpositiveeffectsonweight.Thereisalsogrowingevidencethatphysicalactivityhasapositiveimpactoncognitivedevelopmentandsocializing.（2）Toachievethesebenefits，theWHOrecommendsforadolescentstodomoderateorvigorousphysicalactivityforanhourormoreeachday.Theauthorsestimated80percentofteemsdonotmeetthisrecommendationbyanalysingdatacollectedthroughschool﹣basedsurveysonphysicalactivitylevels.（3）Urgentscalingupisneededofknowneffectivepoliciesandprogrammestoincreasephysicalactivityinadolescents.Multisectoralactionisneededtoofferopportunitiesforyoungpeopletobeactive，involvingeducation，urbanplanning，roadsafetyandothers.Thehighestlevelsofsociety，includingnational，cityandlocalleaders，shouldpromotetheimportanceofphysicalactivityforthehealthandwell﹣beingofallpeople，includingadolescents.（4）Strongpoliticalwillandactioncanaddressthefactthatfourineveryfiveadolescentsdonotexperiencetheenjoymentandsocial，physical，andmentalhealthbenefitsofregularphysicalactivity.Policymakersandstakeholdersshouldbeencouragedtoactnowforthehealthofthisandfutureyounggenerations.IV.SummaryWriting21．（10分）Directions：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Singapore'sInformationTechnologyStrategySingapore'sinformationtechnologystrategyrestsontwomajorlegs.Thefirstlegisworld﹣classbasicfacilities.Beingacity﹣state，itisrelativelyeasytoconnecteveryhome，officeandhotelroom.Ourobjectiveistoprovidebroad﹣bandeverywhere，eitherwiredorwireless.Wewillmakeitareadilyavailableutilitylikewater，electricity，gasandtelephone.Wearewellonourwaythere.Wenowrequire，byregulation，everynewhometobeequippedwithbroad﹣bandinthesamewayasitisrequiredtohavewaterandelectricity.ThesecondlegistheeducationofourentirepopulationinIT（informationtechnology）.Likereading，writingandarithmetic，computersarebestlearntwhenweareyoung.Today'schildrencanclickthemousefasterthanwecanblink.Inmanycountries，childrenofmiddle﹣classfamilieshavenodifficultywiththisnewtechnology.But，withoutspecialeffort，thereisadangerthatchildrenofpoorerfamilieswillmissoutontheopportunitytolearnIT.Likethepianoandviolin，onecanstilllearnthecomputerasanadult.Butrarelydoesoneacquirethesamefacility.ThestrategyinSingaporeisthereforetoteachinformationtechnologytoeverychildregardlessofhisfamilybackground.TheEducationMinistrynowhasamulti﹣billiondollarprogrammetoprovideonecomputerforevery2schoolchildreninSingaporefromfirstgradeonwards.Everyteacherwillhaveanotebook.MostSingaporeansnowunderstandtheimportanceofIT，ifnotforthemselves，atleastfortheirchildrenandgrandchildren.Over