2022年河南省郑州市大学英语6级大学英语六级

2022年河南省郑州市大学英语6级大学英语六级学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.WithincreasingpopularityofdigitalTVandset-topboxes,thedebateonpublicfundingfortheBBCis______.

2.

Betweenthechoiceofbeingdownloadedintoacomputerwhichisstuckinaroombutstillbeingabletothinkandthechoiceofdying,Hilliswillchoosethe______one.

3.

Theonlywaytofindoutwhattheworldisreallylikeisto______.

4.Natural-gasVehicles

KermittheFrogoncesaid,"It'snotthateasybein'green."Althoughhewasn'treferringtocars,hisobservationseemsparticularlyappropriatefortheautoindustrytoday:Designing,developingandmarketing"green"carshasnotbeenaneasytask,whichiswhygasoline-poweredvehiclesstillrulethemadandfossilfuelsstillaccountforalmost75percentoftheword'senergyconsumption.Asgasolinesoarandconcernoverharmfulemissionmounts,however,carsthatrunonalternatefuelsourceswillbecomeincreasinglyimportant.Anatural-gasvehicle,orNGV,istheperfectexampleofsuchacar--it'sfuel-efficient,environmentallyfriendlyandoffersarelativelylowcostofownership.

NaturalGasBasics

Theword"gas"isaconfusingtermbecauseitisusedto'describemanydifferentsubstancesthataresimilarbutnotexactlythesame.Forexample,the"gas"youputinyourcarisgasoline,onecomponentofcrudeoil,orpetroleum.Petroleumisadark,stickyliquidmixtureofcompoundsformedundergroundbythedecayofancientmarineanimals.

Naturalgasalsocomesfromthedecayofancientorganisms,butitnaturallytakesagaseousform.insteadofaliquidfrom.Naturalgascommonlyoccursinassociationwithcrudeoil.Itisderivedfrombothlandplantsandaquatic(水生的)organicmatterandformsaboveorbelowoildeposits.Itisoftendissolvedincrudeoilatthehighpressuresexistinginareservoir.Therearealsoreservoirsofnaturalgas,knownasnon-associatedgas,thatcontainonlygasandnooil.

Naturalgasconsistsprimarilyofmethane(沼气)andotherhydrocarbongases.Hydrocarbonsareorganiccompoundscomposedonlyoftheelementscarbonandhydrogen.Thehydrocarbonsinnaturalgasarecalledsaturatedhydrocarbonsbecausetheycontain'hydrogenandcarbonboundtogetherbysinglebonds.

Likegasoline,naturalgasiscombustible(易燃的),whichmeansitcanbeusedinacombustionenginelikegasoline.Butcarsthatcouldburnnaturalgasdidn'tappearonthesceneuntilthe1930s.

FromFieldtoFord

Weextractnaturalgastrappedinundergroundreservoirsbydrillingwellsintotheearth.Amodernwell,equippedwithdiamond-studdeddrillbits,candrilltodepthsapproaching25,000feet.

Throughoutthe19thcentury,theuseofnaturalgasremainedlocalizedbecausetherewasnowaytotransportlargequantitiesofgasoverlongdistances.In1890,theinventionofaleakproofpipelinecouplingmadeitpossibletotransportgasmilesfromthesource.Improvementsinpipelinetechnologycontinuedoverthenexttwodecadesuntillong-distancegastransmissionbecamepractical.From1927to1931,laborersconstructedmorethan10majornaturalgastransmissionsystemsintheUnitedStates,makingnaturalgasaviableenergysourceformanyapplications.Theoilshortagesofthelate1960sandearly1970sbroughtrenewedinterestinnaturalgasasafuelsource,especiallyforautomobiles.

Today,ownersofnatural-gasvehiclescanfilluptheircarsatoneof1,300fuelingstationslocatedintheUnitedStates.Hondaalsooffersapersonalnaturalgaspumptopeoplewhopurchaseitsnatural-gas-poweredCivic.Thepumpusesahome'sexistingnaturalgaslinesandcanbeinstalledfor$500to$1,500.

Natural-gasVehicleDesign

Natural-gasvehiclesusethesamebasicprinciplesasgasoline-poweredvehicles.Inotherwords,thefuel(naturalgasinthiscase)ismixedwithairinthecylinderofafour-storkeengineandthenignitedbyasparkplugtomoveapiston(活塞)upanddown.AlthoughtherearesomedifferencesbetweennaturalgasandgasolineintermsofflamabilityandignitiontemperaturesNGVsthemselvesoperateonthesamefundamentalconceptsasgasoline-poweredvehicles.

Still,somemodificationsarerequired

A.YB.NC.NG

5.

RachelCarson'swritingsareboth______and______.

6.

Wecanlearnfromthetextthatmanynewlymarriedpeople______payforwhattheyneed.

7.

AccordingtoHonda,______are,themajorfactorsthatledtothesuccessofHondacompany.

8.

______makesa98.5%reductioninman-daysonunloadingtheship.

A.ContainerizationB.ProductivityC.CompetitionD.Management

9.

SomefactorsledtothetraditionalcharacterizationofChineseasasinglelanguagewithanumberof______.

10.

O'Donnellthinksthatthecauseofher22-year-oldson'ssuicideis______.

11.

Theauthorsuggestedthatsomethingmustbedonetocauseterroristorganizationssplitupintotwooppositegroups.

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

Americanhighschoolstudentssinkalmosttothebottominasurveyofmathandscienceliteracybecausetoomanyofthehighschool______inAmericaarenotqualified.

13.TheInternetandmediacompanieshaverealizedtheimplicitvaluationsofsocialnetworking,buthaven'tmadeitaworkingrevenuemodel.

14.

WhatkindofstudentsdoesBillStroudteach?

A.9/11survivors.

B.Highschooljuniors.

C.Film-makingmajors.

D.Futureengineers,.

15.Ifyoucomeupagainstthekillerquestionssuchastheselistedinthepassage,takeafewmomentsto______.

16.

Toenhancecreativity,peopleshouldalwayslearnsomethingnew.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.Wecanconsiderourchildrenunderstresswhenthey______.

A.areunabletocommunicatetheirfeelingsaccurately

B.havetroublecommunicatingtheirresponsestoevents

C.oftenfeelabdominalpainwithoutaknownreason

D.haveapoorandovercrowdedfamily

18.

Whatisveryimportantinthelong-distancetrainingofdogs?

A.Tourgedogsrunfor2000to3000mileseveryday.

B.Totrainthedogsforatleastoneyear.

C.Totrainthedogstopullvehiclesondryland.

D.Togetthedogsaccustomedtorunninglongdistances.

19.

Despiteknowinglittleaboutwhatwashappening,theauthor'smotherishappierin______.

20.

Theproblemoftoomanycarpentersfromthetrainingschoolswouldbesolvedbymovingsomecarpenterstootherpartsofthecountry.

A.NB.YC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.听力原文：M:Haveyoudecidedwhereyouaregoingtolivewhenyougetmarried?

W:Iwouldliketoliveinthecitynearmywork,butmyfiancewantsahouseinthesuburbstosaveonexpenses.

Q:Whatcanwedrawfromtheconversation?

(19)

A.George'sbrother.

B.George'swife.

C.George'sfather.

D.George'swife'sfather.

22.(19)

A.Spendingtoomuchmoneyonthecustomers.

B.FindingnoavailableconferenceroominShangri-la.

C.Toomanycustomerscomingtoattendthemeeting.

D.Fewcustomersgoingtoseeicesculpturesandbuildings.

23.(29)

A.Amanandawomanshouldfolloweveryoftheirownimpulserespectively.

B.Agoodmarriagetakessomelevelofcompromisebetweenthehusbandandthewife.

C.Amanandawomanshouldbothhavetoenduredreadfulself-sacrificeoffilesoul.

D.Amanandawomanshouldstopgrowingorchanging.

24.(22)

A.Thepayment.

B.Theshipment.

C.Theconsignment

D.Theemployment.

25.(25)

A.Hedoesn'tbelieveinmarriage.

B.Thegirlheloveddied.

C.Helovesfootballmorethananythingelse.

D.Hecannotgetoverthegirlwhomarriedsomeoneelse.

26.听力原文：W:Wherehaveyoubeen?ItseemsthatIhaven'tseenyouforages.

M:WherehaveIbeen?Iwaswonderingthesamethingaboutyou.

Q：Whatdoesthemanwanttoknow?

(16)

A.Whatthatthingis.

B.Howlonghewillhavetowait.

C.Wherethewomanhasbeen.

D.Wheretheyaregoing.

27.(34)

A.Itmeansyouareinanothercountry.

B.Itmemosyouareinabadmood.

C.Itmeansyouhavemadeamistake.

D.Itmeansyouhavesometroubletohandle.

28.听力原文：W:Haveyouguysdecidedwhetheryouaregoingtogetanapartmentoffcampusnextyearoryouarestayinginthedorm?

M:Wearestilltalkingabouttheprosandcons.Idon'tknow.Tomeitseemslikesixofoneandhalfadozenoftheother.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(15)

A.Hewantstoliveoffcampus.

B.Thereareadvantagesanddisadvantagestolivingoffcampus.

C.Livingspaceinthedormiscrowded.

D.Thereareonlyafewapartmentsavailableoffcampus.

29.

【B7】

30.

【B11】

31.(35)

A.Musictheylikecanrelievedepressionbutdistractattention.

B.Musictheylikecanreducestressandimproveconcentration.

C.Classicalmusicandrock-and-rollincreasetheirheartrateandexpandthebreathing.

D.Wearingheadphonescanhelpconcentratewhentheyareperformingoperations.

32.听力原文：W:Hi,Larry,areyouwaitingtoseeProfessorGilmore,too?

M:Yah,sinceIgotoneofthefivehighestgradesinherclass,sheaskedmeifI'dbeinterestedinworkingasherassistantnextsemester,I'mherenowformyinterview.

W:Oh,yes.Iknowallaboutthatjob.Ididittwoyearsago.

M:Really?Didyoulikeit?

W:IthinkitwasthebestI'vehadatschool.Itpaideightdollarsanhour,whichwasthreedollarsanhourmorethanIgotworkingattheschoolpostofficetheyearbefore.

M:Thatisagoodsalary.Whatdidyoudo?

W:Iwasinchargeofgradingalltheproblemsetsthatwereassignedashomework.Ineverhadtroubledoingit,andofcourse,Prof.GilmorewasalwaysavailabletohelpmeifIhadanyquestions.

M:IthinkI'denjoydoingthatsortofwork.Itwouldbeverygoodexperienceforanyonethinkingaboutbecomingateacher.

W:Absolutely.Youalsolearnhowtousethecomputerdatabase,becausetherecordsarekeptonit.Andbuildingupyourcomputerskillsisagoodpreparationforlotsofjobs.

M:Thejobsoundsgreat,butI'malittlewordedabouthowmuchtimeitmighttake.

W:It'sprettyreasonable.Itnevertookmemorethanfivehoursaweektodoallthegradingandthenanotherthirtytofortyminutestorecordthegradesonthecomputer.

(20)

A.SheisagoodfriendofProfessorGilmore.

B.SheusedtoworkforProfessorGilmore.

C.Sheheardofitform.otherstudents.

D.ShearrangesthejobforLarry.

33.(32)

A.Goodluck.

B.Healthiness.

C.Untidinessandillness.

D.Afuneral.

34.

【B3】

35.(28)

A.Heistoosloppy.

B.HeborrowsColin'sthings.

C.Hebringsguestsovertotheapartment.

D.Hedoesn'tusethekitchenenough

36.(40)

37.

【B4】

38.(18)

A.Havemorecoffee.

B.Keepondrinkingcoffee.

C.Gotobedandfallasleep.

D.Stopdrinkingcoffeetoday.

39.听力原文：M:Whydon'tyouimmigratetoCanadainsteadofcominghereonshortvisits?

W:IwouldliketobutIcouldn'tliveifIwerecutofffrommyfamilyandfriends.

Q:Wherearethewoman'sfamilyandfriends?

(15)

A.InCanada.

B.NotinCanada.

C.Intheirhomeland.

D.IntheU.S.

40.听力原文：[29]Moods,saytheexperts,arefeelingsthatarelikelytobefixed,havingeffectsonone'soutlookforhours,days,weeksorevenyears.That'sgreatifyourmoodisapleasantone,butitwillbeaproblemifyouaresad,anxious,angryorsimplylonely.

Perhapsthebestwaytodealwithsuchmoodsistotalkthemout;sometimes,though,thereisnoonetolisten.Modempharmacyoffersalotofanti-anxietydrugs.[30]Whatmanypeopledon'trealize,however,isthatscientistshavediscoveredtheeffectivenessofseveralnon-dragmethodstomakeyoufreefromanunwantedmood.Thesecanbejustasusefulasdrags,andhavetheaddedbenefitofbeingnon-poisonous.Sonexttimeyoufeeloutofsorts,don'theadforthedrugstore—trythefollowingmethod.

[30]Ofallthemood-changingself-helptechniques,aerobicexerciseseemstobethebestcureforabadmood."Ifyoucouldkeeptheexercise,you'dbeinhighspirits,"saysKathrynLance,authorofRunningforHealthandBeautv.Researchershaveexplainedbiochemicalandvariousotherchangesthatmakeexerciseseempreferabletodragsasamood-raiser.Physicalworksuchashousework,however,doeslittle.[31]Thekeyisaerobicexercise—running,cycling,walking,swimming,orotherrepetitiveactivitiesthatincreasetheheartrateandcirculation,andimprovetheconsumptionofoxygen.Youmaydothemforatleast20minutesatime,threetofivetimesaweek.

(30)

A.Theyaffectone'swayoflookingattheworld.

B.Theymakepeoplefeellonelyandunwanted.

C.Theyaffectone'shealthcondition.

D.Theyareaddictiveandhardtochange.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

HowdoestheauthormostprobablylookattheAfricanchildren?

A.Muchefforthastobemadetochangetheirlife.

B.Hetakesithisresponsibilitytochangetheirlife.

C.Theirsufferingsdeservemoreworldwideconcern.

D.Theirsufferingsareresultedfromshortageoffund.

42.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Thepooroldconsumer!We'dhavetopayagreatdealmoreifadvertisingdidn'tcreatemassmarketsforproducts.Itispreciselybecauseoftheheavyadvertisingthatconsumergoodsaresocheap.Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.Agreatdealoftheknowledgewehaveabouthouseholdgoodsderiveslargelyfromtheadvertisementsweread.Advertisementsintroduceustonewproductsorremindusoftheexistenceofoneswealreadyknowabout.Supposingyouwantedtobuyawashingmachine,itismorethanlikelyyouwouldobtaindetailsregardingperformance,price,etc,fromanadvertisement.

Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyneverreadadvertisements,butthisclaimmaybeseriouslydoubted.Itishardlypossiblenottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Andwhatfuntheyoftenare,too!Justthinkwhatarailwaystationoranewspaperwouldbelikewithoutadvertisements.Wouldyouenjoygazingatablankwallorreadingrailwaybylawswhilewaitingforatrain?Wouldyouliketoreadonlyclosely-printedcolumnsofnewsinyourdailypaper?Acheerful,wittyadvertisementmakessuchadifferencetoadrabwalloranewspaperfullofthedailyrationofcalamities.

Wemustnotforget,either,thatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.Newspapers,commercialrationandtelevisioncompaniescouldnotsubsistwithoutthissourceofrevenue.Thefactthatwepaysolittleforourdailypaper,orcanenjoysomanybroadcastprogramsisdueentirelytothemoneyspentbyadvertisers.Justthinkwhatanewspaperwouldcostifwehadtopayitsfullprice!

Anotherthingwemustn'tforgetisthe"smallads",whichareinvirtuallyeverynewspaperandmagazine.Whatatremendouslyusefulservicetheyperform.forthecommunity!Justaboutanythingcanbeaccomplishedthroughthesecolumns.Forinstance,youcanfindajob,buyorsellahouse,announceabirth,marriageordeathinwhatusedtobecalledthe"hatch,'matchanddispatch"columnbutbyfarthemostfascinatingsectionisthepersonalor"agony"column.Nootheriteminanewspaperprovidessuchentertainingreadingorofferssuchadeepinsightintohumannature.It'sthebestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis!

Wearedifferentfromtheoldconsumersinthat______.

A.wehavecheapgoodsbecauseofheavyadvertising

B.weknowtoinform.isoneofthefunctionsofadvertising

C.wehavemuchknowledgeabouthouseholdgoods

D.webelievetheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods

43.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Thehumanbrainissomewhatlikeanarchaeologicalsite,preservingwithinitslayersthebasicbrainstructuresofitsevolutionarypredecessors—thelowermammalsandreptiles(爬行动物).Consequently,ithasarelativelyrecentouterlayerthatisdistinctlyprimate(灵长目动物的),withspecialdevelopmentsandtissuesthatdistinguishhumanbeingsfromotherprimates.Nevertheless,wehavenotonebrain,butatleastthree—thatis,threeconnectedpartscarryoutdistinctivebutinterrelatedfunctions.

Theoldestpartofthehumanbrainisthe"reptilianbrain,"whichisfoundinthelowercenterofthebrain.Itresemblesabasicpartofthebrainofreptilesandservesmanyofthesamefunctionsinhumansthatitservesinreptiles.Itregulatesalargenumberofinnatebehavior.patternsthatarerelatedtopreservingthespecies.

Duringthecourseofevolution,anewformationofbraincells,developedinlowermammalsgivingthemtwobrains.Thisancient,mammalbrainaddsnewthingstothebehavior.repertoire(全部功能)ofmammals.Thebusinessofthisnewbrainisbasicallythedesiresandemotionsthatkeepmammalsmoving,mating,andavoidingpain.Formanymammals,evolutionstoppedhere.

Thebraincontinuedtodevelopwiththeadditionofathirdlayercalledthe"neocortex"(新皮层).Thisnewpartofthebrainreacheditspeakofdevelopmentinhumanbeings.Thisisthebrainthatgiveshumansthecapacityofrationalthought.Becauseofthenewpartofthebrainweareabletoengageinverbalcommunication,toreadandwrite,toempathize(表同情)withothers,andtocontemplateourownexistence.

Whatistheauthormainlytalkingaboutinthispassage?

44.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

TelevisionhastransformedpoliticsintheUnitedStatesbychangingthewayinwhichinformationistransmitted,byalteringpoliticalcampaigns,andbychangingcitizens'patternsofresponsetopolitics.Bygivingcitizensindependentaccesstothecandidates,televisiondiminishedtheroleofthepoliticalpartyintheselectionofthemajorpartycandidates.Bycenteringpoliticsonthepersonofthecandidate,televisionacceleratedthecitizen'sfocusoncharacterthanissues.

Televisionhasalteredtheformsofpoliticalcommunicationaswell.Themessagesonwhichmostofusrelyarebrieferthantheyoncewere.Thestumpspeech,apoliticalspeechgivenbytravelingpoliticiansandlasting1.5to2hours,whichcharacterizednineteenthcenturypoliticaldiscourse,hasgivenwaytothe30-secondadvertisementand10-second"soundbite(原声摘要)"inbroadcastnews.Increasinglytheaudienceforspeechesisnotthatstandinginfrontofthepoliticianbutratherviewingaudiencewhowillhearandseeasnippet(摘录)ofthespeechonthenews.

Intheseabbreviated(缩减的)forms,muchofwhatconstitutedthetraditionalpoliticaldiscourseofearlierageshasbeenlost.In15or30seconds,aspeakercannotestablishthehistoricalcontextthatshapedtheissueinquestion,cannotdetailtheprobablecausesoftheproblem,andcannotexaminealternativeproposalstoarguethatoneispreferabletoothers.Insnippets,politiciansassertbutdonotargue.

Becausetelevisionisanintimatemedium,speakingthroughitrequiredachangedpoliticalstyle.thatwasmoreconversational,personal,andvisualthanthatoftheold-style.stumpspeech.Relianceontelevisionmeansthatincreasinglyourpoliticalworldcontainsmemorablepicturesratherthanmemorablewords.Schoolsteachustoanalyzewordsandprint.However.inaworldinwhichpoliticsisincreasinglyvisual,informedcitizenshiprequiresanewsetofskills.

Recognizingthepoweroftelevision'spictures,politicianscrafttelevisual,stagedevents,calledpseudoevents,designedtoattractmediacoverage.Muchofthepoliticalactivityweseeontelevisionnewshasbeencraftedbypoliticians,theirspeechwriters,andtheirpublicrelationsadvisersfortelevisedconsumption.Soundbitesinnewsandanswerstoquestionsindebatesincreasinglysoundlikeadvertisements.

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.

A.citizensintheUnitedStatesarenowmoreinformedaboutpoliticalissuesbecauseoftelevisioncoverage

B.citizensintheUnitedStatesprefertoseepoliticiansontelevisioninsteadofinperson

C.politicsintheUnitedStateshasbecomesubstantiallymorecontroversialsincetheintroductionoftelevision

D.politicsintheUnitedStateshasbeensignificantlychangedbytelevision

45.

【C3】

46.The1990swereallaboutdownsizing,thepracticeoflayingofflargenumbersofstaffinthesearchforefficiencyandprofitability.Morethan17millionworkerswerelaidoffbetween1988and1995,althoughabout28millionjobswereaddedbacktotheeconomy.

TwoeconomistsattheFederalReserveBankinDallas,W.MichaelCoxandRichardAlin,reportedonthe10largestdownsizersofthe1990—1995period,whichincludeDigitalEquipment,McDonnellDouglas,GeneralElectric,andKmart.Collectiveoutput(salesadjustedforinflation)declinedbyalmost10percent.Ontheotherhand,productivityperworkerrosenearly28percent,comparedwithagainof1.5percentintherestoftheeconomy.SaysCox,"Mostofthecompaniesemergedfromthedownsizingmorecompetitivethanbeforeandthuswereabletoprovidegreatersecuritytotheirworkers."Thecost?850,000workers.

Yetnegativeoutcomesprevailedatmanyfirms.Devastatinglylowmorale,increaseddisabilityclaimsandsuitsforwrongfuldischarge(解雇),andgeneralmistrustofmanagementplaguemanycompanies.AstudydoneattheWhartonSchoolexamineddataonseveralthousandfirmsandfoundthatdownsizinghadlittleornoeffectonearningsorstockmarketperformance.Farmoreeffectivewereleveragedbuyouts(举债全额收购)andportfolio(投资组合)restructuring.

Thereissomeevidencethatconsistentfocusoncreatingvalueforshareholders,whichincludesparingunneededworkers,actuallyincreasesjobsinthelongrun,"Stronger,leanercompaniesareabletocompeteintheworldmarketmoreeffectively,andthatultimatelydrawsjobsbacktothosecompanies."That'stheopinionofThomasCopland,adirectorofMcKinseyandCo.,amanagementconsultingfirmthatstudied20yearsofdataor1,000companiesintheUnitedStates,Canada,Germany,Holland,Belgium,andFrance.Thestudyrevealedthat,unlikethoseintheUnitedStatesandCanada,theEuropeanfirmslostjobsinthelongtermbecausetheirreturnstoshareholdersfellbetween1970and1990.

Althoughlong-rungrowthisapleasantprospectforshareholders,theshort-termlossofjobsandincomehasleftmanyemployeesandtheirfamiliesstrugglingintheaftermathofdownsizing.

Theterm"downsizing"inthispassagemeans______.

A.justcuttingdowntosize

B.producingsmallermodelsorstyles

C.cuttingjobsandpositionsforhigherperformanceandprofits

D.cuttingdownonincentiveprograms

47.

Accordingtothesecondparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.Languageisasusefulasmusic.

B.Paintingisthebestofallinliftingone'sspirits.

C.Noteveryoneisgiventhechanceofagoodfuture.

D.Toseehuman'sbrightsideisagameofchance.

48.McDonald'sallowedHarrington'sbakerytobreaktheagreementandsupplyPepperidgeFarmbecauseitgot______fromit.

49.

CollinsandAndersonarecitedinthetexttoindicateallthefollowingEXCEPTthat______.

A.time-consumingeffortisneededtoaccomplishthedetailedmapofgeneinhumanDNA

B.humangene-therapyoperationsmaybeappliedtothepatients

C.gene-therapynowisalreadygenerallyusedtothetreatmentandpreventionofhumandiseases

D.informationaboutDNAmaybeusedinthetreatmentanpreventionofhumandiseases

50.【S10】

51.

Oneimportantaspecttheoldshouldlearnfromtheyoungisthat______.

A.theyshouldfullyenjoylifeandrejectworries

B.theyshouldexpectabetterfutureandcherishthehardpasttime

C.theyshouldtrytointegrateleisureinwork

D.theyshouldlearntoindulgeinmateriallife

52."FamineThreatensMillions!"Headlinessuchasthisareunhappilyfrequent.Thepeopleofvastareasoftheworld'ssurfaceareill-fedeveninprosperousyears.Oneseasonofwidespreadagriculturalfailurecanplungemillionsintodisastrousfamine.

Meanwhileworldpopulationisspiralingupward,andthemostrapidincreasesarebeingmadeinjustthoseregionswheregettingpropernourishmentisthegreatestproblem.Todaywhilethepeopleofthe"have"countriesarewellfedandarepilingupsurplusesoffoodstuffs,inthe"have-not"countriesmoremillionsthaneveraregoinghungryeveryday.

Inrecentyears,however,therehasbeenagreat"awakeningofthecommonman."Peoplewhopreviouslyhadlittlecontactwiththeoutsideworldhavebeguntorubshoulderswithpeoplefromother,better-developedcountries.

Theyhavebeguntorealize,asanexpertputsit,that"povertyisnotaGod-givenstateoflife."Moreover,the"have"nationsoftheworldhavebegantorealizethatnosinglenation,howeverprosperous,canexistforitselfalone.Theentireworldissoboundtogethertodaybytiesoftradeandtravelthatpovertyandfamineanywherethreatentherichestofthenationsalongwiththepoorest.Asaresult,muchthoughtandskilledeffortarebeingdevotedtoimprovingfoodsuppliesintheunderfedareas.

Manyoftheworld'sfoodproblemsarequiteevidentandcanbeattackeddirectly.Somefarmersarestillusingtoolsandmethodsdatingbacktoprehistorictimes,youmaysay.Bringtheirmethodsuptodatewithmoderntoolsandmachines,teachthemtofertilizeandirrigatetheirsoil,providethemwithgoodseedandgoodanimalstoraise,andtheysoonwillbeproducingplentyforthemselves.

Thisapproachisbeingfollowed;theagronomistinGreece,thefarmexpertinAfghanistan,andmanyothersaredoingalltheycantoimproveagriculturaltechniquesincountlesswidelyscatteredfarmcommunities.Butbehindeveryproblemthatcanbesolvedbymachineryorapacketofseedorasackoffertilizerloomsahumanproblemhavingtodowithwhathaslongbeenknownassociallag.

Wheneveryoutrytorevolutionizethewaysofapeople,yourunintoamaze(错综复杂的曲径)ofintricate,interlockedproblems.Thebehavior.ofhumanbeingsiscomplexandcannotbecontrolledassimpleasthebehavior.ofwhitemiceinalaboratory.Whatseemsanobvioussolutionmayprovedifficult,evenimpossible,tocarryout.

Thesolutiontotheworld'sfoodproblemsdependson__