外研版八年级下册英语知识点

八年级下册英语知识点Module1Hobbies.Tidyup收拾，整理.takeup占用（时间空间）.beinterestedin对…感兴趣（interesting有趣的）.aswellas并且，还Ilikeplayingfootballaswellasplayingbasketball..suchas比如asaresult结果.comeout出版；开花；出来；真相大白giveaninterview接受采访，做访谈inthefuture在未来（一般将来时）makesure确保growvegetables种蔬菜begoodatsth./doingsth.acollectionof…的收集品collectstamps集由口attheendof...atthebeginningof...developinterests发展兴趣usefulskills有用的技能playtheviolin乐器加theallthetime总是，一直atleast至少bepopularwith受…欢迎Footballispopularwithboys.足球受男孩子的欢迎.*notonly…butalso不仅…而且用来连接两个主语时，注意就近原则NotonlyDaMingbutalsohisparentsarefondofwatchingfootballmatches.Notonlyyoubutalsoheistiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.*spend+时间/金钱+onsth./（in）doingsth.eg.Ispentallourtimeonourfavouratehobby.Ispendthewholenight（in）learningEnglish.Theirhobbiesaredrawingandpainting.=Intheirfreetime,theyliketodrawandpaint.*Succeedindoingsth.成功做成某事successn.successfuladj.*Make为使役动词，后接形容词和动词原形做宾语补足语Eg.Rainydaysmakemesad.Loudmusicmakesmewanttodance.*Itis+adj.+（forsb.）todosth.（对某人来说）做某事是…的It,simportantforyoutorememberthis.Itis+adj.+ofsb.todosth.形容词修饰人的性格如：It'skindofyoutotellmethetruth.Trytodosth.尽力做某事 trydoingsth.尝试做某事Asksb.（not）todosth.要求某人（不）做某事wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事Module2Friendshiprightnow现在whether_ornotholdtheline（不挂断电话）等一下turnback转身asusual和往常一样closefriends亲密的朋友personalquestions私人问题earlyautumn早秋severalmonthslater几个月以后worryabout担心atmiddleschool在初中smileatsb.朝某人微笑changeone’slife改变某人的生活atfirst开始joinaclub参加俱乐部daybyday一天天地indifferentcountries在不同的国家feellike觉得invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事bytheway顺便说一下likemakingfriends（with）喜欢交朋友.takeamessage捎口信.apublicconcert公开音乐会.goodluckwiththeconcert预祝音乐会成功.rememberdoingsth./todosth.记得做了/去做某事.asaresult结果.beafraidofsth./todosth.害怕（去做）某事.stampcollectors集邮爱好者.acoupleof几个，两个.takeplace发生（happen）.lonely寂寞的/alone独自一人.faraway（from）.watch,指仔细观看，看电视、球赛等see指看望某人，看电影，看医生等.（laugh）atothersisimpolite.取笑他人是不礼貌的.allovertheworld全世界Findsth.+adj.TheforeignersfindChinaverydifferentfromtheirowncountry.Find+it+adj.+todosth.Ifounditdifficulttofinishtheworkontime.It为形式宾语Findsb.doingsth.发现某人正在做某事Ifoundthemplayinggamesontheplayground.Peoplefromallovertheworldmakefriendsbywritingletters.By通过…方式语法点：宾语从句注意点：1.有“…ornot”或“or+供选择的内容”时，只能用whether.宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序.客观真理用一般现在时.注意时态Module3Ontheradio词组：1.Lookout（砧「）小心/lookfor寻找/looklike看起来像2.Don’tmentionit.不客气3.prepare（for）准备4.askfor要/请求…5.lookdown向下看lookdownonsb.看不起某人6.onceaweek一周一次7.turnon打开（电视，灯，收音机等）turnoff关闭turnup调大（音量）8.takesb.around带某人四处参观9.getlost迷路10.scoretwogoals进两个球11.inperson亲自learnabout听说learnfrom向…学习.attheageof在…岁时.atthatmoment在那个时候.goforapicnic去野餐.thescoreof…的比分.stopdoingsth.停止做某事explainsth.（tosb.）（向某人）解释某事closedown停播winthefirstprize获得第一名findout查明prepareforatest准备考试thankyoufor…因为…感谢你decidetodosth.决定做某事Me,too.我也是Itseems/seemedthat…好像，看样子Itseemsthatheislying.看样子他在撒谎.infrontof在•一前面（inthefrontof强调在内部的前面）needtodo需要做•••needdoing需要被做某事（被动含义）Theflowersneedwatering.这些花需要浇水.语法点：*to+v.与v.-ingTo+v.want；wouldlike； hope；wish；plan； need； decidev+-ingenjoy；finish； practice； keep； giveup；mind注意都可以接的begin;start;continue Hear;notice;see…do/doing意义不同Stop；forget;remember;try+todo/doing意义不同*表示建议和警告1、Shallwe…？我们…好吗？2、Let’s….让我们…3、What/howaboutdoing…？怎么样？4.Bequiet,please.5、Whydon'tyou/we..=whynot…？为什么不？.Pleasekeepdoing...Rememberto...andstoptalking!8、Wouldyoulike….?你愿意..吗？回答时用I'dlike/loveto.sorry,but….对于建议肯定回答:goodidea./OK/Sure/Allright./Whynot?/Great/Yes,rdloveto对于建议否定回答：I'msorry,I’mafaid…/I’dloveto,but…..Module4Newtechnology词组：l.lendsb.sth.借给某人某物；.playback播放；.waitfor等待；.connect…to/with连接；.turnon打开（电器）；.takephotos拍照；.pickupsth.拿起某物（如果有代词的话则放在中间pickitup）;.bitesb.onthehand咬某人的手；.keepcool保持冷静；lO.showpicturestothedoctor展示照片给医生看；ll.thebestresult最好的结果；.getthenews得到消息；.followtheseinstructions遵照这些说明；.findout查明；.saveyourlife挽救你的生命；afewdaysago几天前；climboutof从…里爬出来；holdonto坚持；onholiday在度假；sendpersonalpostcard发送私人贺卡across/over/through;advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事；get/bereadyto（do）sth.准备（做）某事=get/bereadyforsth.;haveto不得不；dowith处置，对待Whatwillyoudowiththisphoto?你会怎么处理这张照片？Wherever无论什么地方语法点：if引导的条件状语从句“如果，假如”Module5Problems词组：l.Refusetodosth.拒绝做某事；choosethebest选择最好的；thelastpractice最后的练习；warnsb.of/aboutsth.提醒/警告某人注意某事；warnsb.nottodosth.警告某人不要做某事；punishsb.惩罚某人；gowrong出错；feelbad感觉不好；beangrywith对某人生气alltogether一起；keepmybestfriend留住我最好的朋友；tellsb.thetruth告诉某人真相；makequitesure确保；offertodosth.主动提出做某事；afterall毕竟；helpsb.withsth.在某方面帮助某人；personalproblems私人问题；attheendof在…尽头，在…结束时sovs.such；takeoff起飞，脱下，拿走；stealsth.fromsb./someplace从某人/某地偷走东西；alone形容词和副词/lonely形容词；beproudof为…感到自豪/骄傲，makeamistake/makemistakes犯错误；atleast至少atmost至多；注意enough的位置名词之前，形容词之后enoughfood/carefulenough；insteadof取代；letsb.dosth.让某人做某事交际用语：Whatapity!/Whatashame!/I’msorrytohearthat./Takeiteasy./Ifeelsorryfor•…/Ihopeitisnothingserious./IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?/Ratheryouthanme!你行，我可不行！（wouldrather…than宁愿…而不愿）语法点：If引导的条件状语从句（二）If…+现在时动词…，主语+will/should/shall/can/may+动词原形 **主将从现**Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.Module6Entertainment词组：1.talkabout谈论；omeclosefriends一些亲密的朋友;.facetoface面对面；.comeout发行，出版；.advisesb.todosth.建议某人去做某事；.beproudof为…感到骄傲；.plentyof许多；.haveagreattime玩得开心；.gototheconcert去音乐会；.searchfor寻找；.lookafter照看；.sailaround绕着…航行；inone'sopinion在某人看来；.exceptfor除…之外，.beworriedabout担心；.fightwith/againstsb./sth.与•一打架；.toomuch太多（修饰名词）toomuchwater太多水muchtoo（修饰形容词和副词）muchtooheavy太重了；.showsb.sth=showsth.tosb.给…看showmeyourticket,please.请出示车票。showsbaround带某人四处转转句型：Whatdoyouthinkofthismovie?你认为这部电影怎么样？Sheknowsthatshe’samongfriends.她知道她在朋友之中Whatkindofprogramisit?它是什么种类的节目？allkindsof各种各样的语法点：直接引语和间接引语注意几点变化一一1.人称变化2.时态变化3.其他变化 （详见课本）做这类题时，可先还原到汉语，再根据汉语写Module7Timeoff词组：1.enjoyoneself；.befamousfor…因为…而著名 befamousas…作为…而著名；.asif好像；4.wakesb.up叫醒某人；.hopetodosth.希望做某事；.leavesb.alone把某人单独留下；.put…away把…收起来；.havesevendaysoff休息七天；.gobackinto回到…里面；.protect…from…保护…免受…；.bepopularwith受…的欢迎；.nationalpark国家公园；.thesecondlargestfreshwaterlake第二大淡水湖（the+序数词+最高级+单数名词表示“第几最”）；inthenorthof在…的北部（eastwestsouthnorth）；cross=goacross；whole注意位置，直接放在名词前thewholeworldall则放在修饰词的前面,allthesepeoplealltheclass;therestof+名词剩余部分，其余的；oneof 之一做主语时，注意要用第三人称单数OneofthestudentsisfromJapan.；wishsb.todosth.想要（某人）做某事；onaclearday在晴朗的一天welcomesb.tosomeplace欢迎某人来某地；句子：Icanhardlyhearthetrafficinthestreetsandnooneisshouting.我几乎听不至U街上的车辆声，也没有人在大声喊叫。Hardly副词，“几乎不，几乎没有"noone/nobody/everyone/everybody都为第三人称单数语法点：直接引语间接引语（二）*If/whether“是否”有or时，只能用whetherSheasked,“Isthisbookyoursorhis?”Sheaskedwhetherthisbookwasmineorhis.*祈使句的间接引语用“动词+宾语+不定式”即asked/told/ordered/warnedsb.（not）todosth.Theteachersaidtohim,“Don’twasteyourtime.”Theteachertoldhimnottowastetheirtime.*特殊情况：1.客观真理，习语等，变间接引语事时态不变Theteachersaid,“Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesaroundthesun..直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的，习惯性的动作或说话时情况依然存在的，则变间接引语时时态保持不变，一般有usually等标志词Theboysaidtous,“Iusuallygetupatsixeverymorning.”Theboytoldusheusuallygetsupatsixeveryday..直接引语中有明确表示过去的时间状语，过去时态不变Hesaidtome,“Iwasbornin1978.”Hetoldmehewasbornin1978.Module8Publicholidays词组：1.publicholidays公共假日；.onvacation度假； 3.assoonas一…就•一；4.makeaplan制订计划；5.inthesameway用相同的方式；ndifferentways用不同的方式；7.haveagoodtimedoingsth:做某事很开心；8.promisesb.todosth.向某人承诺做某事；9.saygoodbyetosth.向…道别；dependon依靠，取决于；not…until直到…才；NewYear’sEve除夕；countdown倒计时；14.allover到处；notall…不是所有的（部分否定）noneof（全部否定），celebratetheirNewYear庆祝他们的新年；plantodo计划做某事=planforsth.;becloseto与…接近closed关着的open开着的；shoutloudly大声喊叫shoutat/tosb.;colorthehair染发句型：It’stimetodosth.该到做某事的时候了It’stimetoplaythepiano.该弹钢琴了。Bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事Heisbusycooking.他忙着做饭bebusywithsth.忙于某事Heisbusywithhishomework.语法点：状语从句（一）时间状语从句when,while,before/after,assoonas,（not）…until/till,since时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，而用现在时表将来 （主将从现）例如：I'llcallyouassoonasIgettoNewYork.Iwilltellhimthetruthwhenhecomesback.Module9Heroes词组：imaginedoingsth.想象做某事；avoiddoingsth.避免做某事；continuedoing/todosth.继续做某事；takecareof照顾；performanoperation（onsb）.;（给某人）做手术6.inspiteof尽管,不顾；7.allone'slife一生，终生；8.onone'sown独立，单独；9.lookforwardtodoingsth.期盼做某事；10.giveone'slifetosth./doingsth.献身于（做）某事；11.withoutdoing…没做什么事；12.stopsb.（from）doingsth.阻止某人做某事；13.eventhough既使；14.inordertodo$坨.为了做某事；.trainsb.todosth.训练某人做某事；.both的位置.应放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前Myparentsarebothdoctors..也可放在名词前作定语Both（of）myparentsworkinhospital.句型：Heworkedveryhardwithoutstoppingtorest.他没有停下来休息，很努力地工作。语法点：状语从句（二）原因状语从句：because,for,as选项中没有because时，用for或as目的状语从句：sothat；inorderthat从句中常出现情态动词can,could,would等结果状语从句：so做题时看清句意，根据句意选择Module10Myperfectholiday词组：1.gowithsb.;和某人一起去.takethetrainto;坐火车去某地.beafraidof…；害怕…4.stayintouch;保持联系.forgettodosth./doingsth.;忘记去做/忘记做过earntodosth.学习做某事；lifeskills生活技能；dependon依赖，依靠；goonholidays去度假；tosomeextent从某种程度上；flightnumber航班号；wouldliketodosth.想要做某事；haveafantastictime玩的开心；somefilmstars一些电影明星；fill…with…用…把…装满；dressoneselfproperly恰当地穿衣打扮；board登机；onbusiness出差/inbusiness经商；noneofone’sbusiness与某人无关；soamI与soIam；How10ng…？多久；形容词要放在不定代词的后面如somethingimportant;只要出现than就用比较级It'scheaperthangoingbytrain.句型：谈论假期的打算和计划I’dliketogotoNewYorkonmyvacation.Haveagoodtime!Stayintouch!Ihopeyouhaveagoodtrip!语法点：would与状语从句Would+动词原形想象自己在未来可能会做什么Iwouldgotothemountainsonmyvacation.so…thatvs.such…that表程度的结果状语从句*让步状语从句although/thoughalthough只能用于句首注意的是不能与but连用，切记1、Geniusonlymeanshard-workingallone'slife.(Mendeleyer,RussianChemist)天才只意味着终身不懈的努力。1.202012:3912:39:10Aug-2012:392、Ourdestinyoffersnotonlythecupofdespair,butthechaliceof(Ri咖MliNiityi,AmericanPresident)命运给予我们的不是失望之酒，而是机会之杯。二O二0年八月二十一日2020年8月21日星期五 亲爱的读者：3、Patienceisbitter,butitsfruitissweet.(JeanJacquesRousseau,French坨访卜0「)忍耐是痛苦的，但它的