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(郑家顺)大学英语六级模拟预测PartI Writing (30minutes)Directions:Fortinspart,youareallowed30muiutestowriteashortessayentitledPracticeMakesPerfectIbushouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200wordsfollowingtheoutlniegivenbelow:1、怎样理解“熟能生巧”?2、例如,在英语学习中……3、又如……PartIII ReadingComprehension (40minutes)SectionADirections:Intinssection,thei'eisapassagevzitlitenblanksYouarerequiredtoselectonewordfbreachblankfi'omalistofchoicesgiveninavzordbankfollovzingtliepassage.Readtliepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.EachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletterPleasemarkthecorresponduigletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2witliasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.America'smostpopularnewspaperwebsitetodayannouncedtliattheeraoffi'eeonlinejournalismisdrawingtoacloseTheNevz'YorkTuneshasbecomethebiggestpublisheryettosetoutplansforapayvzallarounditsdigitaloffering,26theacceptedpracticetliatinternetusei'swillnotpayfornews.Strugglingwithanevaporationofadveitisingandadownvzarddriftinstreetcomersales,TheNew,YorkTimes27tointi'oducea“metered”modelattliebeginningof2011.Readerswillberequiredtopaywhentheyhave28asetnumberofitsonluiearticlespermontliThedecisionputsthe159-year-oldnewspaperonthechargingsideofanincreasinglyvzidechasm(鸿沟)inthemediaindustiyButothers,includingtheGuardian,havesaidtlieywillnotchargemtemetreaders,andceitainpapei's,suchasLondon'sEveningStandard,havegonefuitlierinabandoningreadershiprevenuebymakingtheirprinteditions29.TheNewIbrkTimes'spublisher,ArthurSulzberger,30tliatthemoveisagamble:“Thisisabet,toacertaindegree,inwherev/etlunkthewebisgoing.”Boastnigapruit31of995,000onweekdaysand14milliononSundays,TheNew'YorkTunesisthethirdbestsellingAmencannev/spaper,behindthe StreetJournalandUSAToday.WlulemostUSpapersfocusonasinglecity,TheNewYorkTimesisamongthefevztliatcan32nationalscope—aswellas16bureausintheNewYorkarea,ithas11officesaroundtlieUSand3326bureauselsewhereintheworld.Butlikemanyinthepublishmgindustiy,tliepaperisinthegripofa34financialcrisis.Itsparentcompany,theNewYorkTnnesCompany,has15papers,butsufferedalossof$70millionintheninemontlistoSeptemberandrecentlyaccepteda$250million35fi'omaMexicanbillionaire,CarlosSinn,tostrengthenitsbalancesheet.A)loanF)sei'iousK)claimB)betG)f?eeL)exceededC)abandoningH)intendsM)chargeD)acknovzledgedI)circulationN)maintainsE)sufferedJ)applicable0)roughSectionBDirections:Intinssection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.EachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphsIdentifytlieparagraphfi'omwhichtlieinformationisderived.IbumaychooseaparagraphmorethanonceEachparagraphismarkedwithaletterAnswertliequestionsbymarkingthecoiTespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.IntotheUnknownTheworldhasneverseenpopulationageingbefore.Canitcope?Untiltheearly1990snobodymuchtlioughtaboutwholepopulationsgettingolder.TheUNhadtheforesighttoconvenea“worldassemblyonageing”backin1982,butthatcameandwent.By1994tlieWorldBankhadnoticedtliatsomethingbigwashappeningInareportentitleduAvertingtheOldAgeCnsisn,itarguedthatpensionarrangementsinmostcounti'ieswereunsustainable.Forthenexttenyearsasuccessionofbooks,mainlybyAmericans,soundedthealannTheyhadtitleslikeYoungvsOld,GrayDawnandTheComingGenerationalStorm,andtlieirmessagewasblunthealtli-caresystemswereheadingfortherocks,pensionersweretakingyoungpeopletothecleanei's,andsoontherewouldbeintergenei'ationalwarfare.Sincethentliedebatehasbecomelessemotional,notleastbecausealotmoreisknovznabouttliesubject.Books,conferencesandresearchpapershavemultiplied.InternationalorganizationssuchastlieOECDandtheEUissueregularreports.Populationageingisoneveiyagenda,fi'omG8economicconfei'encestoNATOsummits.TheWorldEconomicFommplanstoconsiderthefutureofpensionsandhealthcareatitsprestigiousDavosconfei'enceearlynextyearThemedia,includingthisnewspaper,aregivingthesubjectextensivecoverage.Whethei'alltliatattentionhastranslatedintosufficientactionisanothei'question.Governmentsinrichcountnesnowacceptthattheirpensionandhealtli-carepromiseswillsoonbecomeunaffordable,andmanyoftliemhaveembarkedonrefonns,butsofaronlytumdlyThatisnotsurprising:politicianswithaneyeonthenextelectionvzillhardlymshtointroduceunpopularmeasuresthatmaynotbearfruitforyears,peiiiapsdecades.Theoutlineofthechangesneededisclear.Toavoidfiscal(财政的)meltdown,publicpensionsandhealth-careprovisionwillhavetobereinedbackseverelyandtaxesmayhavetogoup.Byfarthemosteffectivemetliodtorestrainpensionspendingistogivepeopletheoppoitunitytoworklonger,becauseitincreasestaxrevenuesandreducesspendingonpensionsatthesametune.Itmayevenkeepthemalivelongei:JolinRotlier,theAARP'sheadofpolicyandstrategy,pointstostudiesshowingtliatotlierthingsbeingequal,peoplewhoremainatworkhavelowerdeathratestliantheirretiredpeers.Youngerpeopletodaymostlyacceptthattlieyvzillhavetoworkforlongei'andtliattheirpensionswillbelessgenei'ousEmployei'sstillneedtobepei'suadedthatolderworkei'sareworthholdingonto.Thatmaybebecausetheyhavehadplentyofyoungeronestochoosefi'om,partlythankstothepost-warbaby-boomandpartlybecauseoverthepastfewdecadesmanymorewomenhaveenteredthelabourforce,increasingemployei's1choiceButthereservoirofv/omenableandvzillingtotakeuppaidworkisrunninglovz,andthebaby-boomersaregoinggreyInmanycounti'iesimmigrantshavebeenfillingsuchgapsinthelabourforceashaveali'eadyemei'ged(andrememberthattherealshoitageisstillaroundtenyearsoff).Immigrationinthedevelopedworldisthehighestithaseverbeen,anditismakingausefuldifference.Instill-feitileAmencaitcun'entlyaccountsforabout40%oftotalpopulationgrowth,andinfast-ageingWesternEuropeforabout90%Ontliefaceofit,itseemstliepei'fectsolution.Manydevelopingcounti'ieshavelotsofyoungpeopleinneedofjobs,manyrichcounti'iesneedhelpinghandstliatwillboosttaxrevenuesandkeepupeconomicgrowtliButoverthenextfewdecadeslaborforcesinnchcounti'iesaresettoslii'inksomuchthatinflovzsofimmigrantswouldhavetoincreaseenomiouslytocompensate:toatleasttwicetheircuirentsizeinwesternEurope'smostyoutlifi.ilcountnes,andthreetimesintheoldei'ones.Japanwouldneedalargemultipleoftliefewimmigrantsithasatpresent.Publicopinionpollsshowthatpeopleinmostrichcounti'iesalreadythinktliatimmigrationistoohigh.Furtherbigincreaseswouldbepoliticallyunfeasible.Totackletlieproblemofageingpopulationsatitsroot,“old”counti'iesvzouldhavetorejuvenate(使年轻)tliemselvesbyhavingmoreoftheirownchildren.Anumberoftliemhaveti'ied,somemoresuccessfullytlianothersButitisnotasimplematterofoffei'ingfinancialincentivesorprovidingmorechildcare.Modemurbanlifeinrichcountriesisnotwelladaptedtolargefamilies.WomenfindithardtocombuiefamilyandcareerTheyoftencompromisebyhavingjustonechildAndiffertilityinageingcountnesdoesnotpickup?Itwillnotbetheendoftheworld,atleastnotforquiteawhileyet,butthevzorldwillslowlybecomeadifferentplace.Oldersocietiesmaybelessinnovativeandmorestronglydisincluiedtotakensksthanyoungerones.By2025atthelatest,abouthalfthevotersinAmencaandmostofthoseinwesternEuropeancountneswillbeover50-andolderpeopleturnouttovoteinmuchgreaternumberthanyoungerones.Academicstudieshavefoundnoevidencesofartliatoldervotershaveusedtheirpovzerattlieballotboxtopushforpoliciestliatspecificallybenefitthem,thoughifinfuturetherearemanymoreoftliemtlieymightstaitdoingso.Noristhereanysignofthenitergenerationalwarfarepredictedinthe1990s.Afterall,olderpeoplethemselvesmostlyhavefamilies.Inarecentstudyofparentsandgrown-upchildrenin11Europeancountnes,KarstenHankofMannheunUnivei'sityfoundthat85%oftliemlivedwithin25kmofeachotlierandtliemajorityoftliemwereintouchatleastonceavzeek.Evenso,theshiftinthecentreofgravitytoolderagegroupsisboundtohaveaprofoundeffectonsocieties,notjusteconomicallyandpoliticallybutinallsortsofotliervzaystoo.RichardJacksonandNeilHoweofAmerica'sCSIS,inatlioughtfiilbookcalledTheGrayingoftheGreatPowers,arguethat,amongotlierthings,theageingoftliedevelopedcountnesvzillhaveanumberofsei'ioussecuntyimplications.Forexample,theshortageofyoungadultsislikelytomakecounti'iesmorereluctanttocommitthefewtheyhavetomilitaiyseivice.Intliedecadesto2050,Americavzillfinditselfplayinganever-increasingroleinthedevelopedworld'sdefenceeffort.BecauseAmerica'spopulationwillstillbegrowingwhenthatofmostotlierdevelopedcounti'iesisshrinking,Americawillbetheonlydevelopedcountiytliatstillmattersgeopolitically(地缘政治上)Askmein2020Thei'eislittletliatcanbedonetostoppopulationageing,sothevzorldwillhavetolivewithit.ButsomeoftheconsequencescanbealleviatedManyexpertsnowbelievethatgiventhenghtpolicies,theeffects,tlioughgrave,neednotbecatastrophicMostcountrieshaverecognisedtheneedtodosometlinigandarebegniningtoact.Buteventhentliereisnoguaranteetliattlieireffortswillwork.Wliatishappennignowishistoricallyunprecedented.RonaldLee,directoroftheCentreontlieEconomicsandDemographyofAgeingattheUnivei'sityofCalifornia,Berkeley,putsitbrieflyandclearly:c<Wedon'treallyknowwhatpopulationageingwillbelike,becausenobodyhasdoneityet”Comparedwithyoungerones,oldersocietiesarelessinclinedtotakeriskstlianyoungeronesThereasonwhyemployersareunwillingtokeepolderworkersisthatyoungerworkersarereadilyavailable.Onereasonwhypensionandhealtlicarerefonnsareslovzincomingisthatpoliticiansareafi'aidoflosingvotesinthenextelection.Counti'iesthathaveashoitageofyoungadultswillbelessvzillingtocommitthemtomilitaiyseivice.BookslikeYoungvsOldconveytliemessageofintensifyingintergenei'ationalconflictsThepredictedintergenei'ationalvzarfareisunlikelybecausemostoftheolderpeoplethemselvesmostlyhavefamilies.ManywomeninnchcountriescompromisebyhavingonlyonechildbecausetheyfindithardtobalancecareerandfamilyInits1994report,theWorldBankai'guedtliattliecuirentpensionsysteminmostcountriescouldhelptideovertliecuirentageingci'isisTocompensatefortliefast-shnnkinglaborforce,Japanvzouldneedlargenumbersofimmigrantsfi'omoverseas.Theautliorbelievestliemosteffectivemethodtosolvethepensioncrisisistoallowpeopletoworklonger.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachoftliemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Ibushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecoirespendinglettei'onAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughtliecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.There'sasnnplepremisebehindwhatLanyMyei'sdoesforaliving:Ifyoucansmellit,youcanfinditMyei'sisthefounderofAuburnUniversity'sInstituteforBiologicalDetectionSystems,themaintaskofwhichistochasetlieUltunateindetectiondevices-anartificialnoseFornow,tliesubjectoftlieirreseaixhislittlemorethanastackofgleamingchipstuckedawayinalaboratorydrawer.Butsoon,suchatoolcouldbehangingfi'omthebeltsofpolice,arson(纵"0investigatorsandfood-safetyinspectors.Thetechnologythattlieyareworkingonvzouldsuggestquitereasonablytliat,vzithinthreetofiveyears,wellhavesomeworkablesensorsreadytouseSuchdevicesmightfindwideuseinplacesthatattractteiTonstsPolicecoulddetectdrugs,bodiesandbombshiddenincars,whilefoodinspectorscouldeasilytestfoodandwaterforcontamination.Thennplicationsforrevolutionaiyadvancesinpublicsafetyandtliefoodindustryareastonishuig.Butso,too,arethepossibilitiesforabuse:Suchmachinescoulddetenninewhetlierawomanisovulating(苗E卯),vzitlioutaphysicalexam-orevenhei'knowledgeOneofthetraditionalprotectoi'sofAmericanlibeityisthatithasbeenunpossibletosearcheveiyoneThat'sgettingnottobetliecaseAitificialbiosensorscreatedatAuburnworktotallydifferentlyfi'omanytlungeverseenbefore.Aroma-Scan,forexample,isadesktopmachinebasedonabankofchipssensitivetospecificchemicalstliatevaporateintotheair.Asairissuckedintotliemachine,chemicalspassoverthesensorsurfacesandproducechangesintheelectncalcuirentflovzingthroughtliem.ThosecuiTentchangesareloggedintoacomputei'tliatsortsoutodorsbasedontheirelectncalsignaturesMyei'ssaystlieyexpecttoloadasinglefingernail-sizechipwithtliousandsofodorreceptors(感受器工enoughtocreateasensortliafsnearlyassensitiveasadog'snose.Winchoftliefollowingiswithinthecapacityoftlieartificialnosebeingdeveloped?A)Peifonningphysicalexaminations. B)LocatingplacesvzhichattractteiTonsts.C)Detectingdmgsandwatercontamuiation.D)Monitoringfoodprocessing.Apotentialproblemwhichmightbecausedbytheuseofanartificialnoseis.A)negligenceofpublicsafety B)anabuseofpei'sonalfreedomC)ahazardtophysicalhealtli D)athreattoindividualprivacyThewordulogged0(Line5,Para.7)mostprobablymeans"A)preset B)entered C)processed D)sunulatedToproduceartificialnosesforpracticaluse,itisessential.todevelopmici'ochipswiththousandsofodorreceptoi'stoniventchipssensitivetovariouschemicalstodesignacomputerprogramtosoitoutsmellstofindchemicalstliatcanaltertheelectncalcuiTentpassingtliroughTheauthor'sattitudetowardsLarryMyers1workisA)cautious B)approvingC)suspicious D)overentliusiasticPassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Aboutthetimethatschoolsandothersquitereasonablybecameinterestedinseeingtoitthatallchildren,whatevertheirbackground,werefairlytreated,intelligencetestingbecameunpopular.Somethoughtitwasunfairtominoritychildren.Throughthepastfewdecadessuchtestinghasgoneoutoffashionandmanycommunitieshaveindeedforbiddenit.However,paradoxically,justrecentlyagroupofblackparentsfiledalawsuit(诉讼)inCaliforniaclauningtliatthestate'sbanonIQtestingdiscrnninatesagainsttheirchildrenbydenyingtliemtlieopportunitytotakethetest.(Theybelieved,coiTectly,tliatIQtestsareavalidmetliodofevaluatingchildrenforspecialeducationclasses.)Thejudge,therefore,reversed,atleastpartially,hisoriginaldecision.Andsotlieargumentgoesonandon.Doesitbenefitorhamichildrenfi'omminoritygroupstohavetheirintelligencetested?Wehavealvzaysbeenonthesideofpennitting,evenfacilitating,suchtesting.Ifachildofanycolororgroupisdoingpoorlyinschoolitseemstousveiyimportanttoknowwhetheritisbecauseheorsheisoflowintelligence,orwhethersomeotherfactoristliecauseWliatschoolandfamilycandotounprovepoorpei'fonnanceisinfluencedbyitscauseItisnotdiscriminativetoevaluateeitlierachild*sphysicalconditionorhisintellectuallevel.Unfortunately,intellectuallevelseemstobeasensitivesubject,andwhatthelawallovzsustodovariesfi'omtunetotimeThesamefluctuationbackandforthoccursinareasotliertlianintelligenceThutyyearsorsoago,forinstance,vzhitefamilieswereencouragedtoadoptblackchildrenItwasconsidereddiscriminativenottodoso.Andthentliestylechangedandtinscross-racialadoptingbecamegenerallyunpopular,andsocialagenciesfelttliatblackchildrenshouldgotoblackfamiliesonlyItishardtosayvzhataretliebestprocedures.Butsurelygoodvzillontliepartofallofusisneeded.Astointelligence,inouropinion,themorev/eknowaboutanychild'sintellectuallevel,thebetterforthechildinquestion.Wliydidtheintelligencetestbecomeunpopularinthepastfewdecades?Itsvaliditywaschallengedbymanycommunities.ItvzasconsidereddiscrnnmativeagainstminoritychildrenItmetwithstrongoppositionfi'omthemajorityofblackparents.Itdeprivedtheblackchildrenofthen*nghtstoagoodeducation.TherecentlegalactiontakenbysomeblackparentsinCaliforniaaimedtodrawpublicattentiontoIQtestingputanendtospecialeducationremovethestate'sbanonintelligencetestshavetheirchildrenentei'whiteschoolsTheauthorbelievesthatintelligencetesting.mayeaseracialconfrontationintheUnitedStatescanencourageblackchildrentokeepupwithwhitechildrenmaysei'iouslyaggravateracialdiscriminationintheUnitedStatescanhelpblackparentsmakedecisionsabouttheirchildren'seducationTheauthor'sopinionofchildadoptionseemstobetliat.nomleswhatsoevercanbeprescribedwhitefamiliesshouldadoptblackchildrenadoptionshouldbebasedonIQtestresultscross-racialadoptionistobeadvocatedChildadoptionismentionedinthepassagetoshowtliatgoodwillmaysometimescomplicateracialproblemssocialsuiTOundingsarevitaltothehealthygrowthofchildrenintelligencetestingalsoappliestonon-academicareasAmencanopinioncanshiftwhenitcomestosensitiveissuesPartIV Translation (30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30mu
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