认识聚二甲基硅氧烷

Dimethicone课前回顾与预习Task1硅油在化妆品中的作用是什么？聚硅氧烷有哪些种类？它们的化学特点、性质、功能和安全性如何？聚硅氧烷的英文名称是什么？1PART1[Overview概述]2PART2[Safety安全性]3PART3[Function功能]1PART1[Overview概述]2PART2[Safety安全性]3PART3[Function功能]01PART1[Overview概述]CONTENT1[FullText全文阅读]Dimethicone(alsoknownaspolydimethylsiloxane)–asilicon-basedpolymer–isaman-madesyntheticmoleculecomprisedofrepeatingunitscalledmonomers.Dimethiconeisoneofthemostwidelyusedingredientsincosmeticsandpersonalcareproductsandcanalsobefoundinmanycookingoils,processedfoods,andfastfooditems.Accordingto2019datainU.S.FDA’sVoluntaryCosmeticRegistrationProgram(VCRP),dimethiconewasreportedtobeusedin12,934products.Thisincludedproductsforuseneartheeye,shampoosandconditioners,hairdyesandcolors,bathoils,skincareproducts,bathsoapsanddetergents,suntanpreparationsandbabyproducts.Dimethiconeworksasananti-foamingagent,skinprotectant,skinconditioningagent,andhairconditioningagent.Itpreventswaterlossbyformingabarrierontheskin.Likemostsiliconematerials,dimethiconehasauniquefluiditythatmakesiteasilyspreadableand,whenappliedtotheskin,givesproductsasmoothandsilkyfeel.Itcanalsohelpfillinfinelines/wrinklesontheface,givingitatemporary“plump”look.01PART1[Overview概述]CONTENT

2[KeyWords&Phrases重点单词和短语]Dimethicone/,daimə'θikəun/Di-meth-iconen.聚二甲基硅氧烷silicon/ˈsɪlɪkən/硅元素polydimethylsiloxane聚二甲基硅氧烷01PART1[Overview概述]CONTENT

2[KeyWords&Phrases重点单词和短语]Syntheticmolecule/sɪnˈθetɪk/ /ˈmɑːlɪkjuːl/合成分子Monomer/ˈmɑːnəmər/单体Polymer/ˈpɑːlɪmər/n.聚合物01PART1[Overview概述]CONTENT

2[KeyWords&Phrases重点单词和短语]Spreadable/'spredəbl/adj.可涂抹的Plump/plʌmp/adj.饱满的Fluidity/fluˈɪdəti/n.流动性01PART1[Overview概述]CONTENT

3[SentenceParsing句子解析]anti- 反对,抗,防antibacterial 抗菌的（anti+bacterial细菌的）antiwar 反战的（anti+war战争）antifat

防止肥胖的（anti+fat肥胖）anti-foaming 消泡（anti+foaming泡沫）anti-wrinkle 抗皱的（anti+wrinkle皱纹）-ant 表示人或物insurant 被保险人assistant 助手，助理decolourant 脱色剂disinfectant 消毒剂protectant

保护剂01PART1[Overview概述]CONTENT

3[SentenceParsing句子解析]Dimethicone(alsoknownaspolydimethylsiloxane)–asilicon-basedpolymer–isaman-madesyntheticmoleculecomprisedofrepeatingunitscalledmonomers.聚二甲基硅氧烷(也叫聚二甲基硅氧烷)是一种硅基聚合物，是一种人造合成分子，由称为单体的重复单元组成。Dimethicone

isoneofthemostwidelyusedingredientsincosmeticsandpersonalcareproductsandcanalsobefoundinmanycookingoils,processedfoods,andfastfooditems.聚二聚硅氧烷是化妆品和个人护理产品中应用最广泛的成分之一，也可以在许多食用油、加工食品和快餐中找到。Accordingto2019datainU.S.FDA’sVoluntaryCosmeticRegistrationProgram(VCRP),dimethicone

wasreportedtobeusedin12,934products.根据美国FDA化妆品自愿注册计划(VCRP)2019年的数据，有12934种产品中使用了聚二甲基硅氧烷。comprise包含；unit单元；VoluntaryCosmeticRegistrationProgram(VCRP)化妆品自愿注册计划01PART1[Overview概述]CONTENT

3[SentenceParsing句子解析]This

includedproductsforuseneartheeye,shampoosandconditioners,hairdyesandcolors,bathoils,skincareproducts,bathsoapsanddetergents,suntanpreparationsandbabyproducts.这包括眼周产品，洗发水和护发素，染发剂，沐浴油，皮肤护理产品，沐浴皂和洗涤剂，防晒制品和婴儿产品。Dimethiconeworksasananti-foamingagent,skinprotectant,skinconditioningagent,andhairconditioningagent.聚二甲基硅氧烷可作为消泡剂、皮肤保护剂、皮肤调理剂和头发调理剂。It

preventswaterlossbyformingaontheskin.它通过在皮肤上形成一层屏障来防止水分流失。Likemostsiliconematerials,dimethiconehasauniquefluiditythatmakesiteasilyspreadableand,whenappliedtotheskin,givesproductsasmoothandsilkyfeel.像大多数硅材料一样，聚二聚硅氧烷具有独特的流动性，使其易于涂抹，当涂抹在皮肤上时，会给产品带来光滑和丝滑的感觉。Itcanalsohelpfillinfinelines/wrinklesontheface,givingitatemporary“plump”look.它还可以帮助填补脸上的细纹/皱纹，让它看起来暂时“丰满”。barrier屏障；unique独特的；silky丝滑的；temporary暂时的1PART1[Overview概述]2PART2[Safety安全性]3PART3[Function功能]02PART2[Safety安全性]CONTENT1[FullText全文阅读]Dimethiconehasundergoneextensivereviewbyscientificexpertsandauthoritiesaroundtheworld.In2003,theU.S.CosmeticIngredientReview(CIR)ExpertPanelreviewedtheavailableliteratureandsafetydatafordimethiconeaswellasagroupofcloselyrelatedsiliconpolymersthatfunctionprimarilyasskinandhairconditioningagentsandconcludeddimethiconeissafeascurrentlyused.TheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)reviewedthesafetyofdimethiconeandapproveditsuseasaskinprotectantinover-the-counter(OTC)drugproductsatconcentrationsfrom1–30%.DimethiconeisalsoanFDAapprovedfoodadditive(antifoamingagent).DimethiconeislistedontheEU’sInventoryofCosmeticIngredients(CosIng)anditsuseasacosmeticingredientisnotrestrictedinanywayaccordingtotheGeneralProvisionsoftheCosmeticsRegulationoftheEuropeanUnion.TheJointFAO/WHOExpertCommitteeonFoodAdditives(JECFA)hasestablishedanacceptabledailyoralintakelevelfordimethylpolysiloxane(dimethicone)of0to1.5mg/kgbodyweight.Themaximumlevel(1.5mg/kgbodyweight)is100-foldlowerthanthelevelthatcausednoharmfuleffectsinlaboratorystudies.02PART2[Safety安全性]CONTENT1[FullText全文阅读]TheCIRExpertPanelreviewedagroupofsiliconpolymerderivatives,includingdimethicone,thataresimilarinstructure,compositionanduse.TheExpertPanelconsidereditunlikelythatanyofthesiliconepolymerswouldbesignificantlyabsorbedintotheskinduetothelargemolecularweightofthesepolymers.Humanclinicalandlaboratoryabsorptionstudiesspecifictodimethiconereporteditwasnotabsorbedfollowingdermalexposure.Laboratorystudiessupportedthesafetyofdimethiconefollowingsingleorrepeatedoral,skin,orinhalationexposures.Laboratoryandhumanclinicalstudiesshoweddimethiconewasnotirritatingtotheskinanddidnotcauseallergicskinreactions(i.e.,wasnotaskinsensitizer).Itwasalsoreportedtobemildtominimallyirritatingtotheeyes.Inlaboratoryreproductiveanddevelopmentaltoxicitystudies,noadversefindingswerereportedindosedpregnantfemalesortheiroffspring.Dimethiconewasalsoshownnottocausegeneticmutationsinmultiplelaboratorystudies(i.e.,notgenotoxic).Inseveralhistoricallaboratorystudieswithmicewheredimethiconewasadministeredorallyorontheskinforalifetime,therewasnoevidenceofincreasedtumorincidence(i.e.,dimethiconewasnotcarcinogenic).Evaluatingallavailablescientificdata,CIRconcludeddimethicone(andtheothercloselyrelatedsiliconpolymers)aresafeascurrentlyusedincosmeticsandpersonalcareproducts.02CONTENT

2[KeyWords&Phrases重点单词和短语]PART2[Safety安全性]食品添加剂additive:add-itive添加的FoodAdditive-itive

形容词后缀sensitve

敏感的positive

积极的coloradditives

颜色添加剂/foʊld/…倍的-foldsixfold100-fold/dɪˈrɪvətɪv/衍生物Derivative/ˈmʌltɪpl/多重的Multiple02CONTENT

2[KeyWords&Phrases重点单词和短语]PART2[Safety安全性]每日口服摄入量daily/ˈdeɪli/日常的oral/ˈɔːrəl/口头的intake/ˈɪnteɪk/摄取量level/ˈlevl/水平，级别DailyOralIntakeLevel02PART2[Safety安全性]CONTENT

2[KeyWords&Phrases重点单词和短语]Composition组成Use用途Structuren.结构MolecularWeightn.分子量02CONTENT

2[KeyWords&Phrases重点单词和短语]PART2[Safety安全性]

人体临床实验clinical/ˈklɪnɪkl/临床的Humanclinicalstudy生殖和发育毒性研究reproductiveanddevelopmentaltoxicitystudies实验室吸收研究报告absorption/əbˈzɔːrpʃn,əbˈsɔːrpʃn/吸收laboratoryabsorptionstudy02PART2[Safety安全性]CONTENT

2[KeyWords&Phrases重点单词和短语]Inhalation/ˌɪnhəˈleɪʃn/吸入Carcinogenic/ˌkɑːrsɪnəˈdʒenɪk/adj.致癌的；致癌物的Dermalexposureexposure/ɪkˈspoʊʒər/暴露皮肤接触同skinexposure02CONTENT3[SentenceParsing句子解析]PART2[Safety安全性]Dimethicone

hasundergoneextensivereviewbyscientificexpertsandauthoritiesaroundtheworld.世界各地的科学专家和权威机构对聚二甲聚硅氧烷进行了广泛的审查。In2003,theU.S.CosmeticIngredientReview(CIR)ExpertPanel

reviewedtheavailableliteratureandsafetydatafordimethicone[aswellasagroupofcloselyrelatedsiliconpolymersthatfunctionprimarilyasskinandhairconditioningagents]andconcludeddimethiconeissafeascurrentlyused.2003年，美国化妆品成分评论(CIR)专家小组审查了现有的文献和聚二甲聚硅氧烷的安全数据，以及一组密切相关的主要作为皮肤和头发调理剂的硅聚合物，得出结论，聚二甲聚硅氧烷目前的使用是安全的。TheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)

reviewedthesafetyofdimethiconeandapproveditsuseasaskinprotectantinover-the-counter(OTC)drugproductsatconcentrationsfrom1–30%.美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)审查了聚二甲聚硅氧烷的安全性，并批准其在非处方药(OTC)产品中作为皮肤保护剂，使用浓度为1-30%。undergone经历；extensive广泛的；expert专家；authority权威机构；literature文献；OTCdrug非处方药02CONTENT3[SentenceParsing句子解析]PART2[Safety安全性]Dimethicone

isalsoanFDAapprovedfoodadditive(antifoamingagent).聚二甲聚硅氧烷也是FDA批准的食品添加剂(消泡剂)。Dimethicone

islistedontheEU’sInventoryofCosmeticIngredients(CosIng)and

itsuseasacosmeticingredientisnotrestrictedinanywayaccordingtotheGeneralProvisionsoftheCosmeticsRegulationoftheEuropeanUnion.聚二甲聚硅氧烷列于欧盟化妆品成分清单(CosIng)，根据欧盟化妆品法规的一般规定，其作为化妆品原料的用途不受任何限制。TheJointFAO/WHOExpertCommitteeonFoodAdditives(JECFA)

hasestablishedanacceptabledailyoralintakelevelfordimethylpolysiloxane(dimethicone)of0to1.5mg/kgbodyweight.粮农组织/世卫组织食品添加剂联合专家委员会(JECFA)确定了聚二甲聚硅氧烷可接受的每日口服摄入量为0至1.5毫克/公斤体重。Themaximumlevel(1.5mg/kgbodyweight)is100-foldlowerthanthelevelthatcausednoharmfuleffectsinlaboratorystudies.最高剂量(1.5mg/kg体重)百倍低于实验室研究中未造成有害影响剂量。available可获得的；acceptable可接受的；maximum最高的02CONTENT3[SentenceParsing句子解析]PART2[Safety安全性]TheCIRExpertPanel

reviewedagroupofsiliconpolymerderivatives,includingdimethicone,thataresimilarinstructure,compositionanduse.CIR专家小组审查了一组在结构、组成和用途上相似的硅聚合物衍生物，包括二聚硅氧烷。TheExpertPanel

considereditunlikelythatanyofthesiliconepolymerswouldbesignificantlyabsorbedintotheskinduetothelargemolecularweightofthesepolymers.专家小组认为，由于这些聚合物的分子量很大，任何硅聚合物都不太可能被皮肤显著吸收。Humanclinicalandlaboratoryabsorptionstudiesspecifictodimethiconereporteditwasnotabsorbedfollowingdermalexposure.针对聚二甲聚硅氧烷的人体临床和实验室吸收研究报告称，经皮肤接触后聚二甲聚硅氧烷不会被吸收。Laboratorystudies

supportedthesafetyofdimethiconefollowingsingleorrepeatedoral,skin,orinhalationexposures.实验室研究支持单次或反复口服、皮肤接触或吸入聚二甲基硅氧烷的安全性。similar相似的；absorb吸收；specific特定的；support支持；02CONTENT3[SentenceParsing句子解析]PART2[Safety安全性]Laboratoryandhumanclinicalstudies

showeddimethiconewasnotirritatingtotheskinanddidnotcauseallergicskinreactions(i.e.,wasnotaskinsensitizer).实验室和人体临床研究表明，聚二甲基硅氧烷对皮肤没有刺激性，也不会引起皮肤过敏反应(即，不是皮肤致敏剂)。Itwasalsoreportedtobemildtominimallyirritatingtotheeyes.也有报道称，它对眼睛的刺激是非常轻微的。Inlaboratoryreproductiveanddevelopmentaltoxicitystudies,noadversefindings

werereportedindosedpregnantfemalesortheiroffspring.在实验室生殖和发育毒性研究中，未有给药孕妇或其后代中出现不良结果的报告。adverse不利的；pregnant怀孕的；female女性；offspring后代02CONTENT3[SentenceParsing句子解析]PART2[Safety安全性]Dimethicone

wasalsoshownnottocausegeneticmutationsinmultiplelaboratorystudies(i.e.,notgenotoxic).在多项实验室研究中，聚二甲基硅氧烷也被证明不会导致基因突变(即没有遗传毒性)。Inseveralhistoricallaboratorystudieswithmicewheredimethiconewasadministeredorallyorontheskinforalifetime,therewasnoevidenceofincreasedtumorincidence(i.e.,dimethiconewasnotcarcinogenic).在几项以小鼠为研究对象的实验室研究中，终身口服聚二甲聚硅氧烷或涂抹在皮肤上使用，没有证据表明肿瘤发生率增加(即二甲聚硅氧烷不致癌)。Evaluatingallavailablescientificdata,CIR

concludeddimethicone(andtheothercloselyrelatedsiliconpolymers)aresafeascurrentlyusedincosmeticsandpersonalcareproducts.通过评估所有可得的科学数据，CIR得出结论，聚二甲聚硅氧烷(以及其他密切相关的硅聚合物)目前用于化妆品和个人护理产品是安全的。genetic基因的，遗传的；mutation突变；administer管理；lifetime终身；evidence证据；tumor肿瘤；incidence发病率；currently当前的1PART1[Overview概述]2PART2[Safety安全性]3PART3[Function功能]03PART3[Function功能]CONTENT1[FullText全文阅读]Silicone-basedconditioners,suchasdimethicone,areagentsthataidinsmoothingthehaircuticleandincreasinghairsmoothnessandluster.Followingwaterrinsingofashampooorconditioner,thesiliconeisleftbehindasathincoatingovereachindividualhairshafttofillinvisibledefectsinthehaircuticle,improvingcombingease.Increasedhairfrictionsnagsthehairasthecombisdrawnforgroomingpurposes,resultinginhairbreakage.Thisisthemostcommoncauseofsignificanthairlossinnormalpatients,patientswithdandruff,andpatientsafflictedwithfemalepatternhairloss.Compatibilityofthehaircanbeincreasedbysmoothingthecuticleandcoatingeachindividualhairshaftwithanagenttodecreasefriction.Siliconesfulfillthisneed.03PART3[Function功能]CONTENT

2[KeyWords&Phrases重点单词和短语]HairShaftshaft/ʃæft/杆，柄[组织]毛干HairStructureCortex/ˈkɔːrteks/皮质层medulla/mɪˈdʌlə/髓质层Cuticle/ˈkjuːtɪkl/n.角质层，表皮03PART3[Fun