2023学年完整公开课版Excavation Tools of Shield Tunneling Machine

ENGLISHFORMECHANIZEDSHIELDTUNNELINGUnitSix——ExcavationToolsofShieldTunnelingMachineContentsTask2Task1Task3VocabularyPracticalEnglishExcavationToolsofMachine专业词汇学习实用英语盾构机切削工具Seite3Task1：Vocabularynumerousadj.许多的，很多的manufacturern.制造商reflectedadj.反射的，得自他人的specificadj.具体的overviewn.综述excavationtool挖掘工具，切削刀具hardlyadv.几乎不，简直不comprehensiveadj.综合的，全面的descriptionn.描述，描写，说明书applicationn.应用，运用intendedadj.预期的，打算的hand-heldadj.手持的，便携的economicadj.经济的，经济学的sensibleadj.明智的，合理的lowwage低工资minern.矿工chiseln.凿子spaden.铁锹，铲子Seite4Task1：Vocabularydrilln.钻子，钻孔机scrapern.刮刀cuttingedge切口，切削头discontinuousadj.不连续的，间断的betermed被称作ideallyadv.理想地cuttingaction切削动作，切削作用chipn.小木片，小石片peeloff剥离，剥落frontedge前端bladen.刀片，刀锋variousadj.各种各样的，多样的soiltype土壤类型additionaladj.附加的，额外的wearn.磨损dragpick先行刀，超前刀blunttool钝工具，钝刀具roundsection圆形截面Seite5Task1：Vocabularysquaresection矩形截面，方形截面centerridge中脊spoken.辐条gravelsoil碎石土，沙砾土lifetimen.寿命weldingn.焊接equipwith装配有…….hardmetalinsert硬质合金堆焊/附着物roundchisel圆凿flatchisel平凿rippern.撕裂刀exchangeableadj.可替换的，可交换的tipn.尖端，小费increasinglyadv.越来越多地currentadj.现在的，通用的supportconstruction支护结构housingn.外壳，卡槽，遮盖物disccutter滚刀Seite6Task1：Vocabularyhardenedadj.硬化的，坚硬的borev.钻孔，钻进pressagainst挤压，压在……上rollwith随….旋转concentrictrack同轴轨迹，同心轨迹constantspacing固定间距contactforce接触力occurto出现在cuttingring刀圈resulting出现的joinup连接，连通rockchip岩屑carbiten.金刚石insertbits镶式钻头Task2:ExcavationToolsofShieldTunnelingMachineConsideringthenumerousdevelopmentsbymanufacturersofshieldmachines,whichhavesometimesreflectedveryspecifictunnelingexperience,anoverviewofmechanicalexcavationtoolscanhardlyhopetobecomprehensive.Therenowfollowsadescriptionoftheusualtooltypesandtheirmainapplications.considerv.考虑到numerousadj.许多的，很多的manufacturern.制造商，生产厂家reflectv.反射，表达，显示specificadj.详细的，具体的overviewn.综述，概观mechanicalexcavationtool机械开挖工具hardlyadv.几乎不，简直不comprehensiveadj.综合的，全面的descriptionn.描述，描写mainapplication主要运用Task2:ExcavationToolsofShieldTunnelingMachineHand-heldtoolsTheintendeduseofhand-heldtoolsis,foreconomicreasons,onlysensibleunderveryspecialconditionstoday(e.g.veryshortlengthoftunnel,stablebuteasilyexcavatedfaceandlowwagelevel).Theclassichandtoolsofminersarechisel,spadeanddrill.hand-heldtool手持式工具

intendeduse预期用途economicreason经济原因sensibleadj.明智的，合乎情理的specialcondition特殊条件lowwage低工资minern.矿工chiseln.凿子spaden.铁锹，铲子drilln.钻子，钻机ScrapersWhenthecuttingedgesarediscontinuous,theyaretermedscrapers.Allscrapersworktogethertocuttheentireworkingface.Scrapersshouldideallyhaveacuttingaction,withchips

peelingoffoverthefrontedgeoftheblade.Therearenumeroustypesforuseinvarioussoiltypes,generallywithhardmetalbladesandadditional

wearprotection(Figure6-1).cuttingedge切口，切削头discontinuous不连续的，不间断的betermedas把…..称作entireadj.全部的，整个的ideallyadv.理想地cuttingaction切削作用chipn.片，块peeloff剥离，剥落frontedge前端soiltype土壤类型additionaladj.附加的，额外的wearn.磨损Task2:ExcavationToolsofShieldTunnelingMachineDragpicks,ChiselsandrippersDragpicksareblunttoolsofroundorsquaresectionsetatrightanglestotheface.Figure6-2showssquare-sectiondragpicksonthecentralridgeandthespokesofacuttingwheelbeforeservice.Dragpicksworkbydestroyingthestructureandtearinginsilt,sandandgravelsoils.Inordertoincreasethelifetime,dragpicksareoftenbuiltupbyweldingorequippedwith

hardmetalinserts.dragpick先行刀chiseln.凿子rippern.撕裂刀blunttooln.钝工具round/squaresection

圆形/矩形截面centralridge中脊Task2:ExcavationToolsofShieldTunnelingMachinegravelsoil卵石土，沙砾土lifetimen.寿命weldingn.焊接equipwith装配有，安装有hardmetalinsert硬质合金堆焊exchangeabletip可更换刀头Chiselsarenarrowtoolssuitableforbreakinghardsoils,generallywithanexchangeabletip(Figure6-3).Chiselsareincreasinglyinstalledincurrentcuttingwheeldesignsasheavyripperheadsonasupportconstruction,setintothehousingsofpreviouslyremoveddisccutters.exchangeabletip可更换刀头increasinglyadv.越来越多地currentadj.现在地，通用的supportconstruction支护结构housingn.外壳，卡槽，遮盖物previouslyadv.先前地，以前地Task2:ExcavationToolsofShieldTunnelingMachineDisccutters,discsDisccutters(alsoknownasrollercuttersordiscs)arerotatingtoolsofhardenedmetal(Figure6-4).Asthemachinebores,thediscsarepressedagainstthefaceandrollwiththerotationofthecutterhead.Thedisccuttersarearrangedsothattheyrunonconcentrictracks,mostlywithaconstantspacing.Becauseoftheextremelyhighcontactforces,cracksoccurtotherockunderthecutterring.Theresultingcracks

fromadjacenttracksjoinupandrockchipsfalloutoftheface.disccutter滚刀hardenedadj.变硬的，硬化的borev.钻孔，钻进pressagainst压在…..上concentrictrack同轴轨迹mostlyadv.通常地，主要地constantspacing固定间距Task2:ExcavationToolsofShieldTunnelingMachineextremely极端地，极高地contactforce接触力occurto出现在……cutterring刀圈resulting作为结果的，出现的joinup连接，连通rockchips岩屑，岩片PracticalEnglishPracticalEnglish（实用英语）表示“生气”的地道口语I’mabouttoexplode!我肺都要气炸了！Youarewayoutofline!你实在是太过分了！Youarenothingtome!你是我的谁？你对我来说什么都不算！Whodoyouthinkyouare!你以为你是谁？Youhavenorighttojudgeme!你无权评判我！IwishInevermetyou!真后悔认识你！I’mdonewithyou/We’redone!跟你没什么好说的！I’msopissedoff!我快气死了！ENGLISHFORMECHANIZEDSHIELDTUNNELINGUnitSix——SituationalDialogueELI

WONGContentsTask2Task1Task3SituationalDialogueSomeUsefulEnglishConversationalEnglishPractice情景对话训练实用英语口语实践Task1:SituationalDialogues（情景对话）Jeremy:Hi,Ethan,wherearegoing?Ethan:Oh,hi,Jeremy,SorryIdidn’tseeyoupassby.Jeremy:It’sOK,butwhyareyouinsuchahurry?Ethan:Wearetoldtomakeamodelofshieldmachineourselves,andmygroupmatesarewaitingformeattheclassroomtodiscussthedetail.Jeremy:Youalreadygotthenotificationabouttheshieldmodelmakingthing?Ethan:Yes,informedbyMr.Wangyesterday,andyoudidn’t?Jeremy:No,Mr.Zhaohasn’tgiveustheexacttimeandarrangement,butIthinkwe’llhavetodoitsoonerorlater.seesbpassby看见某人经过inahurry匆忙，急忙groupmate组员notificationn.通知informv.通知，告诉exacttime确切时间soonerorlater迟早，早晚Task1:SituationalDialogues（情景对话）Ethan:Yeah,itissaidthatallshieldconstructiontechniquemajorsophomoreshouldmakeashieldmodelbeforegraduation.Jeremy:So,canIjoininyourdiscussion?Ethan:Ofcourse,comewithme.Jeremy:Iwaswonderingwhichkindofshieldmachineyouaregoingtomake?Ethan:WeplantomakeanEarthpressurebalanceshield.Jeremy:Goodchoice,andhowaboutthecutterhead?Ethan:Wehaven’tdecidedyet.ButIwanttomakeacompoundcutterhead.Jeremy:Andwhatiscompoundcutterhead?shieldconstructiontechniquemajorsophomore盾构施工技术专业大二学生graduationn.毕业joinin加入，参与compoundcutterhead复合刀盘Task1:SituationalDialogues（情景对话）Ethan:Acompoundcutterheadisusuallyequippedwithdisccuttersandscrapers,it’sapplicativetodealwithcompositestratums.Jeremy:Oh,Isee,so,it’slikethecombinationofsoftsolicutterheadandhardrockcutterhead.Ethan:Moreorlessthatway.Jeremy:Bytheway,isthereanyrequ