2022年山东省泰安市大学英语6级大学英语六级模拟考试(含答案)

2022年山东省泰安市大学英语6级大学英语六级模拟考试(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Whenyouaremeasuringyourwork,youshouldconsiderthatifthereissomeoneatworkwhoencouragesyourdevelopmentandtalkstoyouabout______.

2.

Self-esteemisoneoftheysymptomsofpsychologicaladdiction.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

DictatingfiscalpoliciesisthejobofbothcongressandtheFederalReserveSystem.

A.YB.NC.NG

4.

Organicagriculturehasbecomeabigindustryasmoreandmorefarmersareswitchingtoit.

A.YB.NC.NG

5.

SomescientistsagreedwithClayton'sclaimandfoundmoreevidencestosupportit.

A.YB.NC.NG

6.Whatispeople'sattitudetowardsamixtureofbloodbetweendogsandwolves?

A.It'snotencouraged.

B.It'sstronglyprotested.

C.It'swarmlywelcomed.

D.It'srespondedindifferently.

7.

Bypiecingtogetherallkindsofevidencecollectedbyvariousexpeditions,theresearchersbelievetheMayastobeIndians,whoseancestorshadcomefromAsia.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

Toeffectivelypromoterelationshipsbetweennegotiatorandhostage-taker,______mustappearascredibletothecaptor.

9.

Besidestheeminentcontributions,atorchbearerischosenforpesonifyingof______ofaparticularOlympics.

10.WhereHaveAllthePeopleGone?

Germansaregettingusedtoanewkindofimmigrant.In1998,apackofWolvescrossedtheNeisseRiveronthePolish-Germanborder.IntheemptylandscapeofeasternSaxony,dottedwithabandonedminesanddecliningvillages,thewolvesfoundplentyofdeerandfewhumans.Fiveyearslater,asecondpacksplitfromtheoriginal,sothere'renowtwofamiliesofwolvesintheregion.Ahundredyearsago,agrowingland-hungrypopulationkilledoffthelastofGermany'swolves.Today,it'sthelocalhumanswhosenumbersareunderthreat.

Villagesareempty,thankstotheregion'slowbirthrateandruralflight.Hometo22oftheworld's25lowestfertilityratecountries,Europewilllose30millionpeopleby2030,evenwithcontinuedimmigration.ThebiggestpopulationdeclinewillhitruralEurope.AsItalians,Spaniards,Germansandothersproducebarelythree-fifthsofchildrenneededtomaintainstatusquo,andasruralflightsuckspeopleEurope'ssuburbsandcities,thecountrysidewillloseaquarterofitspopulation.Theimplicationsofthisdemographic(人口的)changewillbefar-reaching.

EnvironmentalChanges

ThepostcardviewofEuropeisofacontinentwhereeveryscrapoflandhaslongbeenfarmed,fencedoffandsettled.Butthecontinentofthefuturemaylookratherdifferent.BigpartsofEuropewillrenaturalize.BearsarebackinAustria.InSwissAlpinevalleys,farmshavebeenrecedingandforestsaregrowingback.InpartsofFranceandGermany,wildcatsandwolveshavere-establishedtheirranges.

Theshrubandforestthatgrowonabandonedlandmightbegoodfordeerandwolves,butisvastlylessspecies-richthantraditionalfarming,withitspastures,pondsandhedges.Onceshrubcovereverything,youlosethemeadowhabitat.Alltheflowers,herbs,birds,andbutterfliesdisappear.Anewforestdoesn'tgetdiverseuntilacoupleofhundredyearsold.

Allthisisnotnecessarilyanenvironmentalist'sdreamitmightseem.TaketheGreekvillageofPrastos.Anancienthilltown,Prastosoncehad1000residents,mostofthemworkingtheland,Nowonlyadozenleft,mostintheir60sand70s.Theschoolhasbeenclosedsince1988.Sundaychurchbellsnolongerring.Withoutfarmerstotendthefields,rainhaswashedawaytheoncefertilesoil.AsinmuchofGreece,landthathasbeenorchardsandpastureforsome2000yearsisnowcoveredwithdryshrubthat,insummer,frequentlycatchesfire.

VariedPicturesofRuralDepopulation

Ruraldepopulationisnotnew.ThousandsofvillageslikePrestosdotEurope,theresultofacenturyormoreofemigration,industrialization,andagriculturalmechanization.Butthistimeit'sdifferentbecauseneverhastheruralbirthratesolow.Inthepast,afarmercouldusuallyfindatleastoneofhisoffspringtotakeovertheland.Today,thechancesarethathehasonlyasinglesonordaughter,usuallyworkinginthecityandrarelywillingtoreturn.InItaly,morethan40%ofthecountry's1.9millionfarmersareatleast65yearsold.Oncetheydieout,manyoftheirfarmswilljointhe6millionhectares--onethirdofItaly'sfarmland--thathasalreadybeenabandoned.

Risingeconomicpressures,especiallyfromreducedgovernmentsubsidies,willamplifythetrend.OnethirdofEurope'sfarmlandismarginal,fromthecoldnorthernplainstothedryMediterranean(地中海)hills.MostofthesefarmersrelyonEUsubsides,sinceit'scheapertoimportfoodfromabroad.Withoutsubsidies,someofthemostscenicEuropeanlandscapeswouldn'tsurvive.IntheAustrianorSwissAlps,definedforcenturiesbyorchards,cows,highmountainpastures,thesteepvalleysarelabor-intensivetofarm,withsubsidiespayingupto90%ofthecost.AcrosstheborderinFranceandItaly,subsidieshavebeenreducedformountainfarming.Since

A.YB.NC.NG

11.

Aspecialplasticscoatingcanbeusedtoenablesunglassestoresist______.

12.

Achildwith______oftenfeelsdisappointedandisunabletofinishassignmentandpaynoattentiontoteachers.

13.

Hannahtaughthersonmuchabout______.

14.AreWeTurningintoaNationofLoners?

Marriageisdown,andsoischildbirth.Butdivorceisup,alongwithsingle-personliving.ThisisBritaintoday.

AperiodofunprecedentedchangeinBritishfamilylife,whereadultsleadmoreisolatedlives,bringingupchildrenontheirownornothavingthematall,isdescribedinareporttoday.TheindependentFamilyPolicyStudiesCentrepaintsapictureofanevolvingsocietywithfewerchildren,fewermarriages,moredivorcesandmoresololiving,where"marriageandpartnershipsaremuchmorefragilethantheywere".

Althoughthegovernmenthasgonefurtherthananyotherindevelopingexplicitpoliciesforparentingandmarriage,ministersshouldbecome"moreintunewithcontemporaryfamilylife",itsays.Theyneedtoconsidertheeffectofthesechanges,thereportsays,notjustonchildrenaffectedbythebreakdownofadultrelationships,butonsocietyasawholeand"rightacrossthelifecycle".

Thereportsaysitisstilltooearlytotalkofthedeathofthe"traditionalfamily",becausefour-fifthsofdependentchildrenstillliveinafamilywithtwoparents,andnineintenofthoseparentsaremarried.Butotherstatisticsincludedinthereportdemonstratesignificantchangesinfamilydemographics(人口统计)withprofound,oftenunexplored,consequences.

Morethan6.5millionpeopleinBritain—about28%ofhouseholds—nowliveontheirown,threetimesasmanyas40yearsago,thereportsays.Nearlyaquarterofwomenbornin1973willstillbechildlessattheageof45,comparedwithaboutoneintenofthosebornin1943.Womenarehavingchildrenlater,onaverageat29ratherthanat26,asinthe1970s,andtheyarehavingfeweroffspring.Theaverageof1.73childrenperwomaninthelate1990s,thoughhigherthaninmostEUcountries,iswellbelowthe2.1neededtoretainthepopulationatitspresentlevelinthelongterm.

Loneparentstrebled

The21%ofdependentchildrenlivinginloneparenthouseholds(thevastmajoritywiththeirmother)hastrebled(三倍)fromthe7%in1972.Thenumberofloneparentshastrebledinthepast25years—therewereabout1.6millionsuchparentsand2.8milliondependentchildrenbythemid1990s,comparedwithjustover500000loneparentsand1milliondependentchildrenin1971.Withinthat1.6million,thefastestgrowinggroupissingle,never-marriedlonemothers.Theirproportion,42%in1997,isnearlydoubletheproportionof24%for1984.

"Twentyyearsagosuchwomenwouldhavemarriedonlytoseetheirrelationshipendinseparationordivorce,"thereportsays."Singlelonemothersshouldbeseenasthemodernequivalentofteenagersinearliergenerationswhoseshotgunmarriages(为怀孕所迫的结婚)failed."

Theannualmarriagerateisatitslowestlevelsincerecordsbegan160yearsago.In1961approximately330000first-timemarriagesand50000remarriagestookplace.By1997thesefigureshaddroppedtofewerthan200000first-timemarriagesandapproximately120000remarriages.Ofeveryfivemarriages,twowillendindivorce.Morethan150000childrenunder16experiencethedivorceoftheirparents,andifpresentratescontinue,28%ofchildrenunder16willexperiencedivorce.Thecostoffamilybreakdowntothepublicpursehasbeenestimatedatabout5billionayear.

Butmarriageisstillmorestablethancohabiting,withcoupleswholivetogetherunmarriedthreeorfourtimesmorelikelytosplitup.Futureresearchwillshowariseintheproportionofcohabitingcouples,fromtheoneinteninthemostrecentlyavailablefigures.Andthepresenceofchildreninacohabitingrelationshipdoesnotappeartoreducethebreakdownratesignificantly.AlthoughtheCentreitselfdevotessomespaceinitsreporttochildren,itsaysministersshouldbroadentheirscopeto

A.YB.NC.NG

15.

AccordingtoEdwards,themicrobesarenow______.

A.recognizedbymostpeople

B.neglectedbymostpeople

C.diedoutfromtheEarth

D.outofactionoftheEarthsystem

16.

Mr.Bellavancecashedouthispension,soldhishouseandunloadedthingshedidn'tneedatgarageafterlosinghisjobinordertochangehisfinancesinto_______________mode.

17.

Theroomfortoday'sspecieswasmadeby______.

18.

Therearemitigativewaystohelpreduce______.

19.

Takingenoughcaffeinecanhelptorelievethepainwhenyouaresufferingamigraineheadache.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

Thetermpunctuatedequilibriarefersto______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.

【B10】

22.

【B3】

23.

【B9】

24.听力原文：TheAmericansbelievethatanybodycanbecomePresidentoftheUnitedStates.InarecentHollywoodcomedy,thatisexactlywhathappens.

DaveKovic,playedbyKevinKline,isakind-heartedmanwhorunsabusinessthatfindspeoplejobs.HeleadsatypicalAmericanwayoflife,exceptforonething—helooksexactlylikethePresident,BillMitchell.Infact,theonlythingthatmakeshimdifferentfromthenation'sleaderisthatheisverynice!

Thepresidenthasstartedusinglook-alikesduringsomepublicappearances.Daveisofferedachanceto"servehiscountry"bybecomingone.However,thingsgowrong.ThePresidentbecomesveryillandDaveendsupactingasthePresidentforever.

DirectorIvanReitman,whomadethepopularandsuccessfulcomedieslikeTwins,GhostbustersandLegalEagles,couldhavegoneforeasylaughsbymakingfunoftheAmericangovernment.Instead,Daveisanattractivecomedyaboutanordinarymaninextraordinarysituations.KevinKlinegivesadoubleperformanceasDaveandthePresident,andSigourneyWeaverisatherbestashisFirstLady.ThelovestorythatdevelopsbetweenherroleandDaveisarealclassic.

Thefilmis100%American.However,ifyou'veeverfeltthatanybodycoulddoabetterjobrunningthecountrythanthepeopleinpower,thenyou'llenjoyDave!

(30)

A.TomakeacomparisonbetweenDaveandotherfilms.

B.TodiscusstheAmericans'ideasaboutthePresident.

C.TotellreadersabouttheAmericangovernment.

D.Tointroduceanewfilmtothereader.

25.(24)

A.It'sratherexpensive.

B.It'stoosmallfortheman.

C.Ithasplentyoflight.

D.Itdoesn'thavemanyclosets.

26.听力原文：Faces,likefingerprints,areunique.Evenawriterprobablycouldnotdescribeallthefeaturesthatmakeonefacedifferentfromanother.Yetaveryyoungchild—orevenananimal,suchasapigeon—canlearntorecognizefaces.Wealltakethisabilityforgranted.

Wealsotellpeopleapartbyhowtheybehave.Whenwetalkaboutsomeone'spersonality,wemeanthewaysinwhichheorsheacts,speaks,thinksandfeelsthatmakethatindividualdifferentfromothers.

Likethehumanface,humanpersonalityisverycomplex.Butdescribingsomeone'spersonalityinwordsissomewhateasierthandescribingthatperson'sface.Ifyouwereaskedtodescribewhatanicefacelookedlike,youprobablywouldhaveadifficulttimedoingso.Butifyouwereaskedtodescribeaniceperson,youmightbegintothinkaboutsomeonewhowaskind,considerate,friendly,warm,andsoforth.

Therearemanywordstodescribehowapersonthinks,feelsandacts.GordonAllport,anAmericanpsychologist,foundnearly18,000Englishwordscharacterizingdifferencesinpeople'sbehavior.Andmanyofususethisinformationasabasisfordescribingwithsuchterms.

Peoplehavealwaystriedtotypeeachother.ActorsinearlyGreekdramasworemaskstoshowtheaudiencewhethertheyplayedthevillain'sorthehero'srole.Infact,thewords"person"and"personality"comefromtheLatinpersona,meaningmask.Today,mosttelevisionandmovieactorsdonotwearmasks.Butwecaneasilytellthegoodguysfromthebadguysbecausethetwotypesdifferinappearanceaswellasaction.

(33)

A.Peoplecanlearntorecognizefaces.

B.Peoplehavedifferentpersonalities.

C.Peoplehavedifficultyindescribingthefeaturesoffingerprints.

D.Peopledifferfromeachotherinfacialfeatures.

27.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：W:Ireallyhopetheviewfromthebalconyisgood.

M:Noproblem,I'msureyoucanseetheactorsnomatterwhereyou'resitting.

Q:Whatkindofplacearetheyprobablytalkingabout?

(12)

A.Atheatrewhereaplaywillbeon.

B.Astadiumwithexcitingmatches.

C.Anapartmenttheywanttobuy.

D.Arace-trackthatisunderconstruction.

28.(34)

A.Spain.B.France.C.America.D.Germany.

29.听力原文：W:Johncertainlyhasbeeninabadmoodtoday.

M:I'llsayhehas.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(19)

A.Johnisalwayssad.

B.Hethinksthewomanisright.

C.HewilltalktoJohn.

D.Johnisactuallyhappy.

30.(31)

A.Awideselectionofinvestments.

B.Alimitedrangeofstocks.

C.Agroupoflowriskbondsandcash.

D.Avarietyoffunds.

31.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Decision-makingisacomplexbusinesssubjectwhichcombinesthemostcomplicatedelementsoftheoperationaland(36)______aspectsofmanagement.Theabilityto(37)______thedecision-makingprocessisoftendeterminedbyenvironmentalfactorsratherthanthestepsinsome"ideal"model.Decisionsarefrequentlyinfluencedmorebytheenvironmentandstructureoftheorganizationthanbythemethoditself.Theprocessofdecision-makingwill,therefore,beexaminedin(38)______ofenvironmentalfactors.-Oneof-thesefactors—socialandculturalbackground—affectsthe(39)______amongpeopleinvolvedinthedecision-makingprocessandprovidesthe(40)______frameworkwithinwhichtheymaycomfortablyoperate.Thebest(41)______forsolvingaproblem,forexample,mightbetoreplaceanemployeewhoisunsuitedforaposition.However,ifinthesociety'sculturethereisatraditionof(42)______employmentwithonecompany,thatalternativeisnotreallyfeasiblebecauseofsocialandcultural(43)______.

(44)____________.Theamountofflexibilitywithinanorganizationandtheavailableresources(suchasfacilities,technology,orfinancialreserves)areoftencontrollingfactors.(45)____________.Theamountofdataavailablemayalsolimittherangeofalternativesthatcanbeconsidered.(46)____________.

32.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

(12)

A.Mary'sEnglishteacherisMark.

B.Mary'sChineseteacherisMark.

C.MaryandMarkaregoodfriends.

D.MaryandMarkareofficecolleagues.

33.听力原文：W:WouldyouliketocometoourEnglishpartythisweekend?I'dlikeyoutomeetmynewfriendsfromAustralia.

M:Sorry,Ican't.IhavetomeetanAmericanfriendattheairportandmakearrangementsforhisspeech.

Q:What'sthemangoingtodo?

(18)

A.He'llhaveaweekendpartyathome.

B.He'llcometoanEnglishpartyathisfriend'shouse.

C.He'llgotomeetsomeoneattheairport.

D.He'llmakearrangementstomeetforeignfriends.

34.(35)

A.Tomakethemknowmoneyisveryimportant.

B.Tomakethemknowsavingmoneyisnoteasy.

C.Tomakethemmeetwiththefinancialmistakes.

D.Tomakethemknowhowtobudgebetweenspendingandsaving.

35.(21)

A.Forboatracing.

B.Forrenting.

C.Forspeedcompetition.

D.Fortheseason.

36.听力原文：M:Kevin'sbeeninsuchabadmoodlately.

W:Hasn'the?

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(14)

A.Sheagreeswiththeman.

B.Shehasn'tseenKevinrecently.

C.ShethinksKevinwillbelate.

D.Shedoesn'tknowwhatthemanmeans.

37.(32)

A.Amanandawomanshouldfolloweveryoftheirownimpulserespectively.

B.Agoodmarriagetakessomelevelofcompromisebetweenthehusbandandthewife.

C.Amanandawomanshouldbothhavetoenduredreadfulself-sacrificeofthesoul.

D.Awomanshouldstopgrowingorchanging.

38.听力原文：W:Haveyouhadthebrakesandtireschecked?Anddoyouhaveenoughmoney?

M:I'mtakingcareofeverything,andI'msureit'sgoingtobeawonderfultrip.

Q:What'sthewomangoingtodo?

(16)

A.Buysometraveler'schecks.

B.Borrowsomemoneyfromafriend.

C.Checkthebrakesandtires.

D.Spendsometimetraveling.

39.听力原文：M:IwishIcouldgetusedtothisAmericancustomofusingfirstnames.

W:Iusuallycalljustmygoodfriendsbytheirfirstnames.

Q:What'sthemancomplainingabout?

(16)

A.Notgettingwhathewants.

B.Acustomthatisnewtohim.

C.Callingupcustomer.

D.Someofhisgoodfriends.

40.听力原文：M:MyparentswillcometovisitnextweekendbutI'vecheckedeveryhotelintheareaandtheyallseemtobefull.

W:Well,whynotcalltheCliffsideInn?It'snotsonearthecampusbutit'salwaysgotafewvacancies.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

(17)

A.Findahotelnearbyagaininafewdays.

B.Accommodatehisparentsinhisdormitory.

C.Askhisparentsnottocomeuntilhefindsaproperhotel.

D.Phoneahotelfartherfromthecampusforareservation.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.Wecaninferfromthe2000Harvardreportthat______.

A.peoplecanonlyimprovetheirmemorybymoresleep

B.sleepofonlyafewhoursprovesuselesstoimprovememory

C.researchersdidn'tagreewiththeconclusionofthe1994Israelireport

D.comparisonsweremadebetweensubjectswhosleptandthosewhodidn't

42.

Whenyouenterthebookshoptofindabook,youwill______.

A.becomecompletelyabsorbedinthebookswithoutrealizingwhereyouare

B.becomecompletelylostwithoutanyknowledgeofyourwhereabouts

C.becomecompletelyunconsciousinthebookshop

D.loseanysenseofdirectionastowhereyouare

43.Whodoes"Christchild"(Line2,Para.3)referto?

A.ChildrenwhogetgiftsonChristmasDay.

B.TheChristbelieversallovertheworld.

C.ThefirstwesternersarrivingintheNewWorld.

D.ChildrenbornonChristmasDay.

44.Althoughtherearebodylanguagesthatcancrossculturalboundaries,cultureisstiltasignificantfactorinallbodylanguages.Thisisparticularlytrueofpersonalspaceneeds.Forexample,Dr.EdwardHallhasshownthatinJapancrowdingtogetherisasignofwarmandpleasantintimacy.Incertainsituations,HallbelievesthattheJapaneseprefercrowding.

DonaldKeene,whowroteLivingJapan,notesthefactthatintheJapaneselanguagethereisnowordforprivacy.Still,thisdoesnotmeanthatthereisnoconceptoftheneedtobeapartfromothers.TotheJapanese,privacyexistsintermsofhishouse.Heconsidersthisareatobehisown,andhedislikesinvasionofit.Thefactthathecrowdstogetherwithothersdoesnotcontradicthisneedforlivingspace.

Dr.HallseesthisasareflectionoftheJapaneseconceptofspace.Westerners,hebelieved,seespaceasthedistancebetweenobjects;tothemspaceisempty.TheJapanese,ontheotherhand,seespaceashavingasmuchmeaningastheirflowerarrangementsandart,andtheshapeoftheirgardensaswell,whereunitsofspacebalancetheareascontainingflowersorplants.

LiketheJapanese,theArabstooprefertobeclosetooneanother.Butwhileinpublictheyarecrowdedtogether,inprivacy,theypreferagreatdealofspace.ThetraditionalorwealthyArabhouseislargeandempty,withfamilyoftencrowdedtogetherinonesmallareaofit.TheArabsdonotliketobealone,andevenintheirspacious.housestheywillhuddletogether.

ThedifferencebetweentheArabhuddlingandtheJapanesecrowdingisadeepthing.TileArabsliketotouchhiscompanion.TheJapanese,intheircloseness,preserveaformalityandacooldignity.Theymanagetotouchandstillkeeprigidboundaries.TheArabspushtheseboundariesaside.

Alongwiththiscloseness,thereisapushingandshovingintheArabworldthatmanyWesternersfinduncomfortable,evenunpleasant.ToanAmerican,forexample,therearepersonalboundarieseveninapublicplace.Whenheiswaitinginline,hebelievesthathisplacethereishisalone,andmaynotbeinvadedbyanother.TheArabhasnoconceptofprivacyinthepublicplace,andifhecanrushhiswayintoaline,hefeelsperfectlywithinhisrightstodoso.ToanAmerican,thebodyissacred;hedislikesbeingtouchedbyastranger,andwillapologizeifhetouchesanotheraccidentally.ToanArab,bodilycontactisaccepted.

HallpointsoutthatanArabneedsattimestobealone,nomatterhowclosehewishestobe,physically,tohisfellowmen.Tobealone,hesimplycutsoffthelinesofcommunication.Heretreatsintohimself,mentallyandspiritually,andthiswithdrawalisrespectedbyhiscompanions.IfanAmericanwerewithanArabwhowithdrewinthisway,hewouldregarditasimpolite,aslackofrespect,evenasaninsult.

What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.ArabsandJapanesehavedifferentideasofprivacy.

B.Bodylanguagesreflectculturalconcepts.

C.CulturaldifferencesbetweentheWestandtheEast.

D.Peopleindifferentcultureshavedifferentconceptsofspace.

45.

Developmentsininternationalcooperationareoftenconsideredtheresultof______.

A.articlesinlearnedjournals

B.programmesinitiatedbygovernments

C.friendshipsformedbyscholarsatmeetings

D.theworkofinternationalagencies

46.Whatdoeshumansocietydependontomakeprogressaccordingtotheauthor?

47.(54)

48.

Themostastonishingchangeofattitudesongreenmovementhastakenplaceamid______.

49.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Whentelevisionisgood,nothing—notthetheater,notthemagazinesornewspapers—isbetter.Butwhentelevisionisbad,nothingisworse.Iinviteyoutositdowninfrontofyourtelevisionsetwhenyourstationgoesontheairandstaytherewithoutabook,magazine,news-paper,profitandtosssheetorratingbooktodistractyouandkeepyoureyesgluedtothatsetuntilthestationsignsoff.Icanassureyouthatyouwillobserveavastwasteland.Youwillseeaprocessionofgameshows,violence,audienceparticipationshows,formulacomediesabouttotallyunbelievablefamilies,bloodandthunder,mayhem,violence,sadism(虐待狂),murder,Westernbadmen,Westerngoodmen,privateeyes,gangstersandmoreviolence,andcartoons.And,endlessly,commercialsthatscream,flatterandoffend.Andmostofall,boredom.True,youwillseeafewthingsyouwillenjoy.Buttheyarevery,veryfew.AndifyouthinkIexaggerate,tryit.

Istherenoroomontelevisiontoteach,toinform,touplift,tostretch,toenlargethecapacitiesofourchildren?Noroomforprogramstodeepenthechildren'sunderstandingofchildreninotherlands?Noroomforachildren'snewsshowexplainingsomethingabouttheworldforthemattheirlevelofunderstanding?Noroomforreadingthegreatliteratureofthepast,teachingthemthegreattraditionsoffreedom?Therearesomefinechildren'sshows,buttheyaredrownedoutinthevastseaofcartoonsandviolence.Mustthesebeyourtrademarks?Searchyourconscienceandseewhetheryoucannotoffermoretoourchildrenwhosefutureyouguardsomanyhourseachandeveryday.

Therearemanypeopleinthiscountry,andyoumustserveallofus.Youarerightwhenyousaythat,givenachoicebetweenaWesternandasymphony,morepeoplewillwatchtheWestern.IlikeWesternsandprivateeyestoo,butasteadydietforthewholecountryisobviouslynotinthepublicinterest.Weallknowthatpeoplewouldmoreoftenprefertobeentertainedthanstimulatedorinformed.Butyourdutiesarenotsatisfiedifyoulookonlytopopularityasatestofwhattobroadcast.Youarenotonlyinshowbusiness;youarefreetocommunicateideasaswellastogiverelaxation.Youmustprovideawiderrangeofchoices,morediversities,morealternatives.Itisnotenoughtoservethenation'swhims(怪念头),youmustalsoserveherneeds.Thepeopleowntheair.Theyownitasmuchinprimeeveningtimeastheydoat6o'clockinthemorning.Foreveryhourthatthepeoplegiveyou—youowethemsomething.Iintendtoseethatyourdebtispaidwithservice.

Theauthor'sattitudetowardtelevisionis_________.

A.criticalB.indignantC.indifferent.D.optimistic

50.

Int