2023年专四非谓语动词题

非谓语动词(不定式)讲解及练习TheMinisterofFinanceisbelieved____ofimposingnewtaxestoraiseextrarevenue.

A.thatheisthinking

B.tobethinking

C.thatheistothink

D.tothink英语非谓语动词有三类：

1.不定式：具有n.adj.adv.特性，在句中担任除谓语外任何成分；

2.动名词：具有n.特性，在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语；

3.分词：具有adj.adv.特性,在句中可作主语、表语、宾补、状语；｛现在分词：presentparticiple，过去分词：pastparticiple｝不定式非谓语动词的用法及区别：

todo(nottodo)一般式（否认）

tobedoing

进行式

积极

tohavedone

完毕式

tohavebeendoing完毕进行式

tobedone一般式

被动

tohavebeendone

完毕式

*一般式：不定式表达的动作与谓语动词表达的动作同时发生，或者在谓语动词表达的动作之后发生。

1.I’mgladtoseeyou.(同时发生)

2.Theyinvitedustocometoaparty.（不定式动作后发生）

3.Thecomputertobeproducedisofanewtype.(被动)

4.Youmustpromisenevertodothatagain.

*进行式：谓语动词表达的动作发生时，不定式表达的动作正在进行。

1.Theyaresaidtobebuildinganotherbridgeovertheriver.

据说他们正在这条河上修另一座大桥。

2.I'dratherreadthanwatchtelevision;theprogramseemtobegettingworseallthetime.(1997.1)

我宁愿看书也不乐意看电视，电视节目仿佛越来越差了。

*完毕式：不定式表达的动作发生在谓语动词表达的动作之前

1.Thebankisreportedinthelocalnewspapertohavebeenrobbedinbroaddaylightyesterday.(2023.1)

2.Theywerereportedtohavediscoveredanthorancienttombinthisarea.

据报道他们在这片区域发现了另一座古墓。

*完毕进行式：在谓语动词表达的动作发生前，不定式表达的动作一直在进行。

1.Theyaresaidtohavebeencollectingfolksongsthere.

(=Itissaidthattheyhavebeencollectingfolksongsthere.)

*不定式（短语）作主语通常转化成“It+is/was+adj./n.+不定式（短语）”,其中it是形式主语(formsubject)，真正的主语是后面的不定式（短语）。

Tomasteraforeignlanguageisnoteasy.

→It’snoteasytomasteraforeignlanguage.因此，上题的答案是B。用动词不定式的现在进行时：tobedoing，表达“正在考虑”。

意为：人们认为财政部长正在考虑通过征收新税来增长政府的额外收入专八中译英他们对我真好。

2.好了，这下可麻烦了。

3.这个问题好回答。

4.人人尽说江南好，游人只合江南老。

5.楚王好细腰。

6她身材苗条，形容娇好。

7.论事业，他是个好丈夫；论脾气，她是个好妻子

1.Theyarereallykindtome.

2.Well,weareinfortroublenow.

3.Thisquestioniseasytoanswer.

4.EverybodysaysJiangnanisaplacequitefair,Wandererswillwandernomoreafterbeingthere.

5.ThekingofCulikedtheslenderwaistperson.

6.Sheisslimandbeautiful.

7.Heisasuccessfulhusbandinhisbusinessandsheisatenderwifeinhernature.专四英语语法与词汇练习及详解一1.

It’snot

fair

that

you

come

home

after

a

bad

day

at

work

and

____your

wife

and

children.

A.

take

it

out

on

B.

take

out

it

on

C.

take

out

on

D.

take

on

it

with

2.

She

put

an

extra

blanket

over

the

baby

for

fear

that____.

A.

he

catches

cold

B.

he

should

catch

cold

C.

he

caught

cold

D.

he

be

catching

cold

3.

Our

teacher

recommended

that

we____as

attentive

as

possible

when

we

visit

the

museum.

A.

are

B.

shall

be

C.

be

D.were

4.

You

____business

interfering

with

my

affairs.

A.

have

none

B.

have

no

C.

have

none

of

the

D.

have

nothing

like

5.

The

new

cut

in

interest

rate____promote

domestic

investment.

A.

means

to

B.

directs

toward

C.

is

meant

to

D.

leads

to

6.

Advertising

media

like

direct

mail,

radio,

television

and

newspapers

____to

increase

the

sales

of

industrial

products.

A.have

been

used

B.

will

be

used

C.

is

being

used

D.

has

been

used

7.

While

being

questioned

on

the

court,

the

man

denied

____

the

old

lady’s

necklace.

A.

having

taken

B.

taking

C.

to

have

taken

D.

to

take

8.

Dr.

Park

was

accused

____the

patient

with

overdose

of

sleeping

pills

so

that

the

patient’s

life

was

terminated

before

the

expected

time.

A.of

providing

B.

with

providing

C.

to

have

provided

D.

to

provide

9.

By

the

end

of

next

month

we

____this

assignment.

A.

will

finish

B.

will

be

finishing

C.

will

have

finished

D.

have

finished

10.

We

will

be

losing

money

this

year

unless

that

new

economic

plan

of

yours

____miracle

A.is

working

B.

works

C.

will

be

working

D.

worked

11.

It

was

dark

in

the

cave

so

she

____a

match.

A.

struck

B.

hit

C.

fired

D.

burned

12.

Mary

will

not

be

able

to

come

to

the

birthday

party

as

she

is

____with

a

cold.

A.

laid

out

B.

laid

up

C.

laid

by

D.

laid

down

13.

She

often

says

her

greatest

happiness

____serving

the

handicapped

children.

A.relies

on

B.

consists

in

C.

composes

of

D.

comprises

in

14.

To

make

this

____clear

we

shall

have

to

look

closely

into

biology’s

long

history.

A.distinction

B.

indication

C.

recognition

D.

constitution

15.

Most

importantly,

such

an

experience

helps

____

a

heightened

sensitivity

to

other

cultures

and

will

bring

about

a

greater

appreciation

of

one’s

own

culture

as

well.

A.

coach

B.

forsake

C.

foster

D.censor

16.

When

Ann

broke

the

dish

she

tried

to

put

the

____

back

together.

A.

fragments

B.

pieces

C.

bits

D.

slices

17.

Jane

tried

to

____the

doorman

with

money,

but

she

failed.

A.

bribe

B.

corrupt

C.

award

D.

endow

18.

Classification

is

a

useful____to

the

organization

of

knowledge

in

any

field.

A.

means

B.

approach

C.

mode

D.

manner

19.

The

human

race

has

already

paid

a

heavy

price

for

its

slow

____

to

environmental

threats.

A.

response

B.

responsibility

C.

resolution

D.

resistance

20.

We

have

a

high

regard

for

Prof.

Joseph

because

he

always

____

his

principles.

A.

lives

on

B.

lives

up

to

C.

lives

through

D.

lives

with

21.

My

grandfather

accidentally

____

fire

to

the

house.

A.put

B.

took

C.set

D.

got

22.

We

enjoyed

the

holiday____the

expense.

A.except

B.

besides

C.

in

addition

to

D.

except

for

23.

If

you

want

children

to

work

hard

you

must

____their

interests

instead

of

their

sense

of

duty.

A.

appeal

to

B.

look

into

C.

give

rise

to

D.

go

in

for

24.

Basically

a

robot

is

a

machine

which

moves,

manipulates,

joins

or

processes

____in

the

same

way

as

human

hand

or

arm.

A.

characters

B.

components

C.catalogues

D.

collections

25.

Of

course,

talking

about

something

which

affects

them

personally

is

____motivating

for

students.

A.

chiefly

B.

correctly

C.

currently

D.

eminently

答案与解析

1.

A)

【句意】白天的工作不顺心，回到家里拿老婆孩子出气，这是不公平的。

【难点】take

it

out

on

sb.

意为“拿某人出气”，其中it是无人称代词，无所指，这是一个固定的结构。

2.

B)

【句意】由于胆怯孩子感冒，她在孩子身上又盖了一条毯子。

【难点】for

fear

that

后接虚拟语气，(should)+动词原形。

3.

C)

【句意】我们的教师建议我们参观博物馆的时候注意力应尽也许集中。

【难点】recommend,command

,suggest

等词后接的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即(should)+动词原形。

4.

B)

【句意】你没有权力干涉我们的事情。

【难点】have

no

business

doing

/to

do

something

意为“没有权力，没有理由做某事”

5.

C)

【句意】利率再次下调旨在促进国内投资。

【难点】be

meant

to

do

意为“旨在做

”;mean

to

do

意为“打算做，企图做”;lead

to

意为“导致”，后接名词。

6.

A)

【句意】像直接邮件、无线电、电视和报纸这样的广告媒介一直被用来促进工业品的销售。

【难点】根据句意，应用完毕时的被动语态，media

是medium

的复数形式。

7.

A)

【句意】法庭传训他的时候，他否认拿了老太太的项链。

【难点】deny后需接动名词，由于动作是过去发生的，所以选A)，动名词的完毕式。

8.

A)

【句意】帕克大夫被指控向患者提供过量的安眠药，结果导致病人在预期的时间前死亡。

【难点】be

accused

of

是个常见的词组，意为“被控有…罪”。

9.

C)

【句意】到下月底，我将完毕这项任务。

【难点】by

the

end

of

next

month

(year)是将来完毕时的典型状语，故选C)。

10.

B)

【句意】除非你的新经济计划发明奇迹，否则我们将赔钱。

【难点】unless

引导条件状语从句，用一般现在时表达将来。

11.

A)

【句意】岩洞里很黑，她燃着了一根火柴。

【难点】strike

意为“擦(火柴)”，其它几个词不能和matches搭配。

12.

B)

【句意】玛丽不能来参与生日晚会了，由于她患了感冒，卧床在家。

【难点】lay

up

意为“因痛(或伤残)卧床”，常用被动语态;

lay

out

意为“摆出，展开”;lay

by

意为“储存”;lay

down意为“牺牲，献出”。

13.

B)

【句意】她常说她最大的快乐在于为残疾儿童服务。

【难点】consist

in

意为“在于，存在于”;rely

on

意为“依靠，依赖”;be

composed

of

意为“由…构成”;comprise

意为“由…组成;构成”。

14.

A)

【句意】为了搞清楚这一差别，我们必须认真地审阅一下生物学发展的漫长历史。

【难点】distinction意为“区别;差异”;indication意为“标示，迹象”;recognition意为“(正式的)认可，认可，认知”;constitution意为“宪法，体制”。

15.

C)

【句意】最重要的是，这样的经历能促进人们对其它文化的感受性，并使他们更欣赏自己的文化。

【难点】foster意为“培养，促进，助长”;coach意为“训练，指导”;forsake意为“遗弃，抛弃”;censor意为“审查,检查”。

16.

A)

【句意】安把盘子打坏后，想把碎片再合在一起。

【难点】fragment

意为“碎片，碎块”;piece意为“块，片”;bit意为“小片;小段”;slice意为“薄片;切片”。

17.

A)

【句意】简企图用钱贿赂看门人，但失败了。

【难点】bribe

意为“收买;行贿”;corrupt意为“腐蚀，使堕落”;award意为“授予(奖品等);给予”;endow意为“资助，捐赠”。

18.

B)【句意】分类是组织任何领域知识内容的有效方式。

【难点】approach作“方式，方法;态度”讲时，后接介词to，其它几个词没有这种用