2016年6月英语四级真题(第一套)

2016年6月大学英语四级真题试卷（第一套）PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstooneofyourfriendswhohelpedyoumostwhenyouwereindifficulty.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartⅡListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.A)TheInternationalLaborOrganization’skeyobjective.B)Thebasicsocialprotectionforthemostvulnerable.C)Risingunemploymentworldwide.D)Globaleconomicrecovery.2.A)Manycountrieshavenottakenmeasurestocreateenoughjobs.B)Fewcountriesknowhowtoaddressthecurrenteconomiccrisis.C)Fewcountrieshaverealizedtheseriousnessofthecurrentcrisis.D)Manycountriesneedsupporttoimprovetheirpeople’slivelihood.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.A)Servestandardizedfoodnationwide.B)Putcalorieinformationonthemenu.C)Increaseproteincontentinthefood.D)Offerconvenientfoodtocustomers.4.A)Theywillbefined.B)Theywillbeclosed.C)Theywillgetawarning.D)Theywilllosecustomers.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.A)Inabilitytoimplementtheirbusinessplans.B)Inabilitytokeepturningoutnovelproducts.C)Lackofasuccessfulbusinessmodeloftheirown.D)Failuretointegrateinnovationintotheirbusiness.6.A)Itisthesecrettobusinesssuccess.B)Itisthecreationofsomethingnew.C)Itisamagictooltobringbigrewards.D)Itisanessentialpartofbusinessculture.7.A)Itshardworkingemployees.B)Itsflexiblepromotionstrategy.C)Itsinnovationculture.D)Itswillingnesstomakeinvestments.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversationsyouwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationsandthequestion-swillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion.YoumustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A)He’sgotaddictedtotechnology.B)Heisnotverygoodatsocializing.C)Heiscrazyabouttext-messaging.D)Hedoesnottalklongonthephone.9.A)Talkbig.B)Talkatlength.C)Gossipalot.D)Forgetherself.10.A)Hethoughtitwascool.B)Heneededthepractice.C)Hewantedtostayconnectedwiththem.D)Hehadanurgentmessagetosend.11.A)Itposesachallengetoseniors.B)Itsavesbothtimeandmoney.C)Itischildishandunprofessional.D)Itiscoolandconvenient.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)Hewantstochangehisjobassignment.B)Heisunhappywithhisdepartmentmanager.C)Hethinkshedeservesextrapayforovertime.D)Heisoftensingledoutforcriticismbyhisboss.13.A)Hisworkloadwasmuchtooheavy.B)Hisimmediatebossdidnottrusthim.C)Hiscolleaguesoftenrefusedtocooperate.D)Hissalarywastoolowforhisresponsibility.14.A)Heneverknowshowtorefuse.B)Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.C)Hisbosshasalotoftrustinhim.D)Hisbosshasnosenseoffairness.15.A)Putallhiscomplaintsinwriting.B)Waitandseewhathappensnext.C)Learntosaynowhennecessary.D)Talktohisbossinpersonfirst.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Theimportanceofsleeptoahealthylife.B)ReasonsforAmericans’declineinsleep.C)Sometipstoimprovethequalityofsleep.D)Diseasesassociatedwithlackofsleep.17.A)Theyaremorehealth-conscious.B)Theyarechangingtheirlivinghabits.C)Theygetlessandlesssleep.D)Theyknowthedangersoflackofsleep.[F]Tohaveameaningful,happylifeweneedfriends.ButaccordingtoAristotle—astudentofPlatoandteacherofAlexandertheGreat—mostrelationshipsdon'tqualifyastruefriendships."JustbecauseIhaveabusinessrelationshipwithanindividualandIcanprofitfromthatrelationship,itdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthispersonismyfriend,"Soupiossays."Realfriendshipiswhentwoindividualssharethesamesoul.ItisabeautifulanduncharacteristicallypoeticimagethatAristotleoffers."[G]Inourpursuitofthegoodlife,hesays,itisimportanttoseekouttruepleasures—advicewhichwasoriginallyofferedbyEpicurus.ButunlikethemoderndefinitionofEpicureanismasalifeofindulgence(放纵)andluxury,fortheancientGreeks,itmeantfindingastateofcalm,peaceandmentalease.[H]"ThiswasthehighestandmostdesirableformofpleasureandhappinessfortheancientEpicureans,"Soupiossays."Thisissomethingthatisverymuchwell-worthconsideringhereinthemodernera.Idonotthinkthatwespendnearlyenoughtimetryingtoconcentrateonachievingasortofcalmness,asortofcontentmentinamentalandspiritualway,whichwasidentifiedbythesepeopleasthehighestformofhappinessandpleasure."Dogoodtoothers[I]OtherGoldenRulescounselustomasterourselves,toavoidexcessandnottobeaprosperous(发迹的)fool.Therearealsorulesdealingwithinterpersonalrelationships:Bearesponsiblehumanbeinganddonotdoevilthingstoothers.[J]"ThisisHesiod,ofcourse,ayoungercontemporarypoet,webelieve,withHomer,"Soupiossays."Hesiodoffersanidea—whichyouveryoftenfindinsomeoftheworld’sgreatreligions,intheJudeo-ChristiantraditionandinIslamandothers—thatinsomesense,whenyouhurtanotherhumanbeing,youhurtyourself.Thatdamagingotherpeopleinyourcommunityandinyourlife,trashingrelationships,resultsinakindofself-inflicted(自己招致的)spiritualwound."[K]Instead,Soupiossays,ancientwisdomurgesustodogood.GoldenRuleNo.10foragoodlifeisthatkindnesstowardotherstendstoberewarded.[L]"ThisisAesop,thefabulist(寓言家),themanofthesecharminglittletales,oftentoldintermsofanimalsandanimalrelationships,"hesays."IthinkwhatAesopwassuggestingisthatwhenyouofferagoodturntoanotherhumanbeing,onecanhopethatthatgooddeedwillcomebackandsortofpayaprofittoyou,thedoerofthegooddeed.Evenifthereisnoconcretebenefitpaidinresponsetoyourgooddeed,attheveryleast,thedoerofthegooddeedhastheopportunitytoenjoyakindofspirituallyenlightenedmoment.[M]Soupiossaysfollowingthe10GoldenRulesbasedonancientwisdomcanguideustothepathofthegoodlifewherewestoplivingasonlookersandbecomeengagedandhappierhumanbeings.Andthat,henotes,isalifeworthliving.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。36.AccordingtoanancientGreekphilosopher,itisimpossibleforustounderstandeveryaspectofourlife.37.Ancientphilosopherssawlifeinadifferentlightfrompeopleoftoday.38.Notallyourbusinesspartnersareyoursoulmates.39.Wecanliveapeacefullifedespitethevariouschallengesofthemodernworld.40.Thedoerofagooddeedcanfeelspirituallyrewardedevenwhentheygainnoconcretebenefits.41.Howtoachievementalcalmnessandcontentmentiswellworthourconsiderationtoday.42.MichaelSoupiossuggeststhatweshouldstopandthinkcarefullyaboutourprioritiesinlife.43.Ancientphilosophersstronglyadvisethatwedogood.44.ThewiseteachingsofancientGreekthinkersaretimeless,andareapplicabletocontemporarylife.45.Doharmtoothersandyoudoharmtoyourself.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime，youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime，youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally，whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime，youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attitudestowardnewtechnologiesoftenfallalonggenerationallines.Thatis,generally,youngerpeopletendtooutnumberolderpeopleonthefrontendofatechnologicalshift.Itisnotalwaysthecase,though.Whenyoulookatattitudestowarddriverlesscars,theredoesn'tseemtobeacleargenerationaldivide.Thepublicoverallissplitonwhetherthey'dliketouseadriverlesscar.Inastudylastyear,ofallpeoplesurveyed,48percentsaidtheywantedtorideinone,while50percentdidnot.Thefactthatattitudestowardself-drivingcarsappeartobesosteadyacrossgenerationssuggestshowtransformativetheshifttodriverlesscarscouldbe.Noteveryonewantsadriverlesscarnow—andnoonecangetoneyet—butamongthosewhoareopentothem,everyagegroupissimilarlyengaged.Actually,thisisn'tsurprising.Whereasoldergenerationsaresometimesreluctanttoadoptnewtechnologies,driverlesscarspromiserealvaluetotheseagegroupsinparticular.Olderadults,especiallythosewithlimitedmobilityordifficultydrivingontheirown,areoneoftheclassicuse-casesfordriverlesscars.Thisisespeciallyinterestingwhenyouconsiderthatyoungerpeoplearegenerallymoreinterestedintravel-relatedtechnologiesthanolderones.Whenitcomestodriverlesscars,differencesinattitudearemorepronouncedbasedonfactorsnotrelatedtoage.Collegegraduates,forexample,areparticularlyinterestedindriverlesscarscomparedwiththosewhohavelesseducation:59percentofcollegegraduatessaidtheywouldliketouseadriverlesscarcomparedwith38percentofthosewithahigh-schooldiplomaorless.Whereapersonlivesmatters,too.Morepeoplewholivedincitiesandsuburbssaidtheywantedtotrydriverlesscarsthanthosewholivedinruralareas.Whilethere'sreasontobelievethatinterestinself-drivingcarsisgoingupacrosstheboard,aperson'sagewillhavelittletodowithhowself-drivingcarscanbecomemainstream.Oncedriverlesscarsareactuallyavailableforsale,theearlyadopterswillbethepeoplewhocanaffordtobuythem.46.Whathappenswhenanewtechnologyemerges?A)Itfartherwidensthegapbetweentheoldandtheyoung.B)Itoftenleadstoinnovationsinotherrelatedfields.C)Itcontributesgreatlytotheadvanceofsocietyasawhole.D)Itusuallydrawsdifferentreactionsfromdifferentagegroups.47.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthedriverlesscar?A)Itdoesnotseemtocreateagenerationaldivide.B)Itwillnotnecessarilyreduceroadaccidents.C)Itmaystartarevolutioninthecarindustry.D)Ithasgivenrisetounrealisticexpectations.48.Whydoesthedriverlesscarappealtosomeoldpeople?A)Itsavestheirenergy.B)Ithelpswiththeirmobility.C)Itaddstothesafetyoftheirtravel.D)Itstirsuptheirinterestinlife.49.Whatislikelytoaffectone'sattitudetowardthedriverlesscar?A)Thelocationoftheirresidence.B)Thefieldoftheirspecialinterest.C)Theamountoftrainingtheyreceived.D)Thelengthoftheirdrivingexperience.50.Whoarelikelytobethefirsttobuythedriverlesscar?A)Theseniors.B)Theeducated.C)Thewealthy.D)Thetechfans.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inagrarian(农业的),pre-industrialEurope,"you'dwanttowakeupearly,startworkingwiththesunrise,haveabreaktohavethelargestmeal,andthenyou'dgobacktowork,"saysKenAlbala,aprofessorofhistoryattheUniversityofthePacific."Later,at5or6,you'dhaveasmallersupper."Thiscomfortablecycle,inwhichtherhythmsofthedayhelpedshapetherhythmsofthemeals,gaverisetothecustomofthelargemiddaymeal,eatenwiththeextendedfamily."Mealsarethefoundationofthefamily,"saysCaroleCounihan,aprofessoratMillersvilleUniversityinPennsylvania,"sotherewasaveryimportantinterconnectionbetweeneatingtogether"andstrengtheningfamilyties.Sinceindustrialization,maintainingsuchaslowculturalmetabolismhasbeenmuchharder,withthelongmiddaymealshrinkingtowhatevercouldbestuffedintoalunchbucketorboughtatafoodstand.Certainly,therewerebenefits.Moderntechniquesforproducingandshippingfoodledtogreatervarietyandquantity,includingatremendousincreaseintheamountofanimalproteinanddairyproductsavailable,makingusmorevigorousthanourancestors.Yetplentyhasbeenlosttoo,eveninculturesthatstilllivetoeat.TakeItaly.It’snosecretthattheMediterraneandietishealthy,butitwasalsoajoytoprepareandeat.Italians,saysCounihan,traditionallybeganthedaywithasmallmeal.Thebigmealcameataround1p.m.Inbetweenthemiddaymealandalate,smallerdinnercameasmallsnack.Today,whentimezoneshavelessandlessmeaning,thereislittletoleranceforoffices’closingforlunch,andworseningtrafficincitiesmeansworkerscan'tmakeithomeandbackfastenoughanyway.Sotheformerlysmallsupperaftersundownbecomesthebigmealoftheday,theonlyoneatwhichthefamilyhasachancetogettogether."Theeveningmealcarriesthefullburdenthatusedtobespreadovertwomeals,"saysCounihan.51.Whatdo