2023学年完整公开课版路由基础

Catalogue01TheBasicConceptofRouting02TheFormationofRoutingTableTheBasicConceptofRouting-RouteRoutingreferstotheactivityofmovinginformationfromasourcelocationtoadestinationlocationthroughinterconnectednetworks.Generally,intheroutingprocess,informationpassesthroughatleastoneormoreintermediatenodes.InanIPnetwork,thisinformationisencapsulatedintheformofanIPpacket,andtheintermediatenodeismainlyarouter.NetworkATo

PC2To

networkBTo

networkBTo

networkBNetworkBTo

PC2themainfunctionsoftherouterinclude:1.EachinterfaceoftherouterneedstobeconfiguredwithanIPaddressandcanbeconnectedtodifferentIPnetworks.2.Thephysicalinterfacecanhandledifferenttypesofdatalinklayerprotocols;inotherwords,thedifferencebetweenLayer2protocolscanbeshielded,andtheIPlayercanbeunifiedandinteroperable.3.Routingfunction(pathfindingfunction):includingtheestablishment,maintenanceandsearchingoftheroutingtable.4.Forwardingfunction:includingdataframedecapsulationofthereceivinginterface,datapacketexchangebetweeninterfaces,anddataframeencapsulationofthetransmittinginterface.TheBasicConceptofRouting-RouterTheBasicConceptofRoutingfunctionAgreementRoutableprotocolDefineallkindsoftransmissioninformationincludingnetworklayeraddressIP、IPX、AppleTalk、NovellNetWareroutingprotocolspathchoiceOSPF、BGP、IS-IS、RIP、IGRPG、EIGRPRoutableprotocol：DefineaddressRoutableprotocol：Defineaddressroutingprotocol：pathchoicetheroutingtableisthebasisfortheroutertodecidehowtoforwardtheIPpacket.ItisstoredintheRAMoftherouter.TheBasicConceptofRouting

-RoutingtableWhenthedataisbeingtransmitted,itneedstobecomparedwiththeentryoftheroutingtableaccordingtothedestinationaddressoftheIPpacket,andthematchingonewillbeforwarded.TheBasicConceptofRoutingor,TheresultisDestinationIPaddressEqualTheFormationofRoutingTabledirectroutingstaticroutingdynamicroutingAdirectroutingisaroutingformedbyanIPnetworkdirectlyconnectedtoarouter.Therearetwoconditionsfordirectroutingformation:ConfigurethecorrectIPaddressandsubnetmaskontherouterinterface.2.Therouterinterfacemustbeinthe"up"state.TheFormationofRoutingTable-directroutingmatching

Astaticroutingisaroutingthatismanuallyconfiguredonarouterandcanpointtoanytargetnetwork.forexample：TheFormationofRoutingTable-staticrouting

Theadvantage：itdoesnotoccupynetworkandsystemresources.itisnotaffectedbynetworkattacksandhashighsecurity.Thedisadvantage：thatastaticroutingcanonlydetectlinkfaultsthataredirectlyconnectedtotheoutboundinterface.Afteranon-directlyconnectednetworkfaultoccurs,thestaticroutingcannotautomaticallyadjustthenetworkstatuschange.Itneedstobemanuallymodifiedbythenetworkadministrator.Recommendationsforuse：thestaticroutingisrecommendedtobeusedwhenthenetworktopologyisstableandsimple,andthenumberofnetworksegmentsthatneedtobeinterconnectedissmall,suchasanetworkwithonlyonepathinterconnected.inalargenetwork,asasupplementtodynamicrouting,staticroutingisusedtoflexiblyadjustthetrafficforwardingpathandreasonablyplanthebandwidthTheFormationofRoutingTable-staticrouting

Dynamicroutingreferstotheautomaticallygeneratedroutingthroughtheexchangeandcalculationofroutinginformationaftertherouterisconfiguredwiththedynamicroutingprotocol.types：TheFormationofRoutingTable-dynamicroutingClassificationmethodTypesRoutingprotocolsAddresstypeunicastRIP、OSPF、BGP、IS-IS、IGRP、EIGRPMulticastPIM、MOSPF、MSDPSupportmaskSupportRIPv1、IGRP、EGPNotSupportRIPv2、OSPF、EIGRP、BGP、IS-ISalgorithmdistance-vectorRIP、BGP、IGRP、EIGRPLinkstateOSPF、IS-ISApplicationscopeInsidegatewayRIP、OSPF、EIGRP、IS-ISOutsidegatewayEGP、BGP12Theadvantagesofdynamicroutinginclude:1.Automaticgeneration;2.Pathredundancy;3.Faultdetection.Itsdisadvantagesinclude:1.Needtooccupymoresystemandbandwidthresources;2.Existenceofsecurityproblem.TheFormationofRoutingTable-dynamicroutingMainpathAlternatepathMainpathOSPFroutingOSPFroutingDestinationNetworkDestinationNetwork13Thecommonroutingpriority：TheFormationofRoutingTableroutingshouldbeobtainedfromtheprotocolwiththehighestroutingpriority,thatis,theprotocolwiththelowestpriorityvalue,andpreferentiallyaddedthisroutingtotheroutingtable.RoutingTableNote:itmustbethesamerouteforprioritycomparisontypedirectstaticEBGPOSPFIS-ISRIPIBGPpriority0120110115120200Inthestaticrou