大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总

大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总/NUMPAGES29大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总三级语法考点归纳虚拟语气1.if句中虚拟形式if引导的非真实条件句（纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大）：条件从句主句与现在相反did(bewere)would/should/might/coulddo与将来相反did(bewere)would/should/might/coulddo与过去相反haddonewould/should/might/couldhavedone例句Ifweleft(leave)now,weshouldarriveintime.Iftheyhadn’tgoneonvacation,theirhousewouldn’thavebeenbroken(break)into.2.原形虚拟：a.表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，用动词原形。suggest,demand,advise,propose,order,arrange,insist,command,require,request,desire……that＋(should)do例如Hesuggestedthatweshouldleaveearly.Mysuggestionisthatweshouldtellhim.b.Itis(was)形容词/名词that……(should)do/例如Itisabsolutelyessentialthatallthefactsbeexaminedfirst.3.一些句型中的虚拟形式：1.It’s(high,about,thefirst,etc.)time(that)…动词过去时…例如It’stimeweleft.例如Itistimewewenttobed.2wouldrather/sooner宁愿asif/though好像wouldrather/sooner谓语用过去时与现在或者将来相反asif/though谓语用过去完成时与过去相反4．练习1.I_______tryitagainifI_______you.A.will；amB.should；amC.would；wereD.would；hadbeen2.Ifit_______notforthewater，theplants_______live.A.were；wouldnotB.is；couldnotC.were；couldD.did；couldnot3.IfI_______thatchancetoshowmyability,I_______thepresidentofthisschool.A.havenothad；couldnotbecome B.hadnothad；wouldnothavebecomeC.didnothave；couldnotbecome D.doesn’thave；willnotbecome4.He_______bythatburglarifyou_______tosavehim.A.mighthavebeenkilled；hadn’tcomeB.willbekilled；didn’tcomeC.maybekilled；did’tcomeD.couldbekilled；haven’tcome5.Ifit_______foryourhelp，I_______thathardtimewithsolittlemoney.A.werenot；wouldnotspendB.isnot；cannotspendC.hadnotbeen；wouldnothavespentD.havenotbeen；willnotspend6.Where_______yougoifwar_______?A.will；breaksout B.do；willbreakoutC.would；weretobreakout D.will；istobreakout7.Shewishesshe_______thathumiliatingthing.A.doesn’tdoB.didn’tdoC.haven’tdoneD.hadn’tdone8.Thechairmansuggestedthatthemeeting_______putoff.A.canbeB.beC.isD.willbe9.Itisvitalthathe_______immediately.A.shouldgoB.mustgoC.goesD.went10.Itistimewe_______doourhomework.A.begintoB.canbegintoC.begantoD.willbeginto答案：1.选C。表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设)(译文;如果我是你，我会再试一次)2选A。表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设)。(译文：要是没有水，植物就不能存活。)3.选B。表示与过去事实相反的假设。4A。表示与过去事实相反的假设。(译文：要不是你来救他，他早就被那个窃贼杀了。5.C。与过去事实相反的假设。(译：要没有你帮忙，我那点儿钱是无法度过那段艰苦岁月的。)6.选C。表示与将来事实相反的假设。(译文：要是战争爆发了，你会上哪儿去？)7.选D。虚拟语气用于宾语从句。(译文：她真希望自己没有做过那件丢脸的事情。)8.选B。虚拟语气用于表示“建议”等意义的动词后。(译文：主席建议会议延期举行。)9.选A。虚拟语气用于主语从句(Itis／was+形容词+that引导的分句)。10.选C。虚拟语气用于定语从句Itistime(that)...句型。(译文：我们该开始做作业了。)二．动词的时态1.各个时态动词基本变形一般现在时be(is,am,are)do/does现在进行时be(is/am/are)+doing现在完成时have/hasdone现在完成进行时have/hasbeendoing一般过去时was/weredid过去进行时was/weredoing过去完成时haddone过去完成进行时hadbeendoing一般将来时willdo将来进行时willdo将来完成willhavedone将来完成进行时willhavebeendoing一般过去将来时woulddo过去将来进行时wouldbedoing过去将来完成时wouldhavedone过去将来完成进行时wouldhavebeendoing2.时间状语与动词时态的搭配一定的时态往往和一定的时间状语连用。always,usually,sometimes,一般现在时do/doesamisarelastweek,yesterday,afewdaysago一般过去时didwas/werenextweek,tomorrow,inaweek,thisyear一般将来时willdonow,atpresent,atthismoment现在进行时be+doingsofar,uptonow,bythetime,since的主句现在完成时has/havedone3.练习，用动词的适当形式填空1.He_______(be)eighteennextyear.2.It_______(rain)everydaysofarthismonth.3.Mozart_______(write)morethan600piecesofmusic.4.Ifit_______(rain)tomorrow，we’llhavetostayathome.5.Howfast_______he_______(drive)whentheaccidenthappened?6.BythetimeMr.Smithleftschool，he_______(teach)thatcoursefortwenty-fiveyears.7.Perhapshe_______(finish)readingthebookbythistimetomorrow.1.填willbe。nextyear为表示将来时态的时间状语2.填hasrained。sofar是“到目前为止”的意思，常和现在完成时搭配使用。3.填wrote。Mozart(莫扎特)是已去世的音乐家，故应使用过去时。4.填rains。在条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情。5.填was...driving。表示过去某一时刻发生的动作要用过去进行时。6.填hadtaught。句中有bythetimeMr.Smithleftschool，主语的谓语应用过去完成时。7.填willhavefinished。句中有bythistimetomorrow，主语的谓语应用将来完成时。三动词的被动语态1.各个时态的被动语态时态一般现在时现在进行时一般过去时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时现在完成进行时将来完成时主动doam/is/aredoingdidwas/weredoingwilldowoulddohas/havedonehaddonehas/havebeendoingwillhavedone被动am/is/aredoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/weredonewas/werebeingdonewillbedonewouldbedonehas/havebeendonehadbeendonewillhavebeendone1.Theconstructionofthelibrary_______beforetheendofnextmonth.A.musthavecompleted B.musthavebeencompletedC.mustbecompleted D.mustcomplete2.Thesubjectoftheselectures_______bythelecturecommittee.A.announces B.havebeenannouncedC.announced D.hasbeenannounced3.Mypictures_______untilnextweek.A.won’tdevelop B.aren’tdevelopingC.don’tdevelop D.won’tbedeveloped4.They_______sothatwewouldn’trecognizethem.A.costumed B.disguised C.weredisguising D.weredisguised5.Alltheapparatus(器械)_______beforetheexperimentbegan.A.hadbeenprepared B.wereprepared C.hadbeenprepared D.hadprepared6.Theworld’ssuppliesofcopper_______.A.havebeengraduallybeingexhausted B.hasgraduallyexhaustedC.aregraduallyexhausted D.arebeinggraduallyexhausted7.Thegoods_______whenwearrivedattheairport.A.werejustunloading B.werejustbeingunloadedC.hadjustunloaded D.werejustbeenunloaded8.Tom_______thebeststudentinhisclass.A.regards B.regardsas C.hasregardedas D.isregardedas9.Thesportsmeeting_______becauseofthebadweather.A.putoffB.wasputoffC.wasputtedoffD.hasputoff1.C。情态动词的被动语态为：情态动词+be+done。(译：到下月底图书馆的修建必须完工)2.D现在完成时的被动语态为：havebeen+done(译：讲座的课题已由讲座委员会宣布了。)3.D。一般将来时的被动语态为：willbe+done，其否定形式为：willnotbe+done4.D一般过去时的被动语态为was/were+过去分词(译:为了不让我们认出来,他们伪装了起来)5.C。过去完成时的被动语态的构成为：hadbeen+过去分词。6.D现在进行时的被动语态为：are/is/ambeing+过去分词。(译:世界的铜资源正逐渐被耗尽)7.B。过去进行时的被动语态为：was／werebeing+过去分词。(译:我们到机场时正在卸货物。)8.D。(译文：汤姆被认为是班里最好的学生。)9.B。(译文：运动会因天气不好被取消了。)四定语从句1.定语从句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常紧跟在先行词后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。

关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which等。

关系副词有：when,where,why等。例题：TheSocialSecurityRetirementProgramismadeupoftwotrustfunds，_______couldgopennilessbynextyear.A.thelargeone B.thelargerofwhichC.thelargestone D.thelargestofwhich选B。因为前面有two，所以不能选D，A没有连接手段，也不能选。三级试题中定语从句的考题：1、Itriedtogetofthebusiness_____Ifoundimpossibletocarryon.A)whyB)whichC)whatD)where2、OncemoreIhavetoleaveBeijing,_____Ihavebeenlivingforeightyears.A)thatB)whereC)whichD)as3、Thisbookisdesignedfortheleaners_____nativelanguagesarenotEnglish.A)whoseB)whichC)whoD)what4、Shegottoknowtheyoungmanverywell_____shehadworkedforsolong.A)towhomB)inwhomC)whomD)withwhom5、Thehotel_____duringthevacationwasratherpoorlymanaged.A)asIstayedB)whereIstayedC)whichIstayedD)whatIstayed6、TherearesomanydressestherethatIreallydon’tknow____tochoose.A)whetherB)whenC)whichD)why7、IthinkthatAnnais_____farthemostactivememberinourgroup.A)withB)atC)asD)by五．倒装1.当only放在句首，表示强调时，要用倒装例：Onlyinthiswaycanyousolvethisproblem.只有用这种方法，你才可以解决这个问题。OnlyyesterdaydidIfinishthebook.到昨天我才读完那本书。2.具有否定意义的副词或词组用于句首，要用倒装。常见的否定词有：never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,notuntil,bynomeans,notonly,neither,nosooner,hardly等。例句：NevershallIforgetthedayswhenyouwerewithus.1、Olnywhenwehadfinishedallthework_____thatitwastoolatetotakeabushome.A)didwerealizeB)informingC)informedD)toinform2、Notuntilthedaybeforeyesterday_____togiveaspeechatthemeeting.A)heagreedB)doesheagreeC)heagreesD)didheagree3、Young_____heis,hehasprovedtobeanablesalesman.A)thatB)whoC)asD)which4、Notuntilyesterday_____anythingabouttheprojectthatwillbecompletedsoon.A)didIlearnB)haveIlearntC)IlearntD)thatIlearnt5、Heisusedtoflyingbyairandonnooccasion_____frightened.A)hehaseverfeltB)heeverfeelsC)everdoeshefeelD)hasheeverfelt6、So_____aftershelearnedthegoodnewsthatshecouldhardlyfallasleepthatnight.A)excitedthemotherwasB)wasthemotherexcitedC)themotherwasexcitedD)excitedwasthemother7、Soloudly_____thatpeoplecouldhearitoutinthestreet.A)didthestudentsplaythemusic