《新编实用英语写作》09 Common Models of Short Essay Writing

新编实用英语写作NewPracticalEnglishWritingUnit9

CommonModelsofShortEssayWriting

Unit9

Masterthebasicwaysofshortessaywritingfortest

KnowthetypesofcommonmodelsUnderstandthecommonmodelofguidedWritingLearningGoalsSection

ISection

IISection

IIICommonModelsofShortEssayWriting

ApplyingYourKnowledge

Unit9ABriefIntroductiontoCommonModel

ABriefIntroductiontoCommonModel

SectionI

SectionIABriefIntroductiontoCommonModel

Shortessaysaremostlyrequiredtowriteabout120-200wordsin30or35minutes.Sowemaymakeanessaypatterningwith10~15sentencesin3

paragraphs.Byitsownandspecificfunctioneachsentencehasitsspecificplace.S(1)GeneraltalkofthetopicS(2)Thesis:thewriter’sattitudetowardsitS(3)TransitionalsentencePara.1Para.2S(4)Thewriter’sreasonstohavethisattitudeS(5)SupportingsentenceIS(6)Detail1S(7)Detail2S(8)SupportsentenceIIS(9)Detail1S(10)Detail2Para.3S(11)S(12)ThecommonmodelofashortessayConclusion:restatethethesis

(1)

Accordingtoarecentsurvey,rice,thestaplefoodofmostChinese,isnowplayingalessimportantroleintheirdiet,whiletheconsumptionofhighqualityfoodsuchasmeat,milkandfruithasgreatlyincreased.(2)Amarkedchangehastakenplaceonthefamilydinningtableinthelast10years.

(3)

Therearetwofactorsleadingtothechange.(4)Foronething,peoplenowenjoyahigherstandardofliving.(5)Intheolddaysfewpeoplecouldaffordmeatandmilkeveryday,whichoftenmeantabigchunkofthefamilyincome.(6)Butnowpeoplehaveenoughmoneytotastearichvarietyoffoods.(7)Foranother,peopleoftodaypaymoreattentiontonutrition.(8)Theyarenotmerelycontenttofillthestomach.(9)Theyareseekingthemostreasonabledietwhichwilldogoodtotheirhealth.

(10)Inshort,withpeople’sstandardsoflivinggettinghigherandhigher,changesintheirdietwillbemoreobviousandgreater.

SampleChangesinPeople’sDiet

CommentsontheSample

(1)Accordingtoarecentsurvey,rice,thestaplefoodofmostChinese,isnowplayingalessimportantroleintheirdiet,whiletheconsumptionofhighqualityfoodsuchasmeat,milkandfruithasgreatlyincreased.(2)Amarkedchangehastakenplaceonthefamilydinningtableinthelast10years.

(3)Therearetwofactorsleadingtothechange.(4)Foronething,peoplenowenjoyahigherstandardofliving.(5)Intheolddaysfewpeoplecouldaffordmeatandmilkeveryday,whichoftenmeantabigchunkofthefamilyincome.(6)Butnowpeoplehaveenoughmoneytotastearichvarietyoffoods.(7)Foranother,peopleoftodaypaymoreattentiontonutrition.(8)Theyarenotmerelycontenttofillthestomach.(9)Theyareseekingthemostreasonabledietwhichwilldogoodtotheirhealth.Introducethetopicbystatistics:TheChangeofpeople’sdiet.ShowtheattitudetothechangePointouttwofactorsofthechange

(1)Accordingtoarecentsurvey,rice,thestaplefoodofmostChinese,isnowplayingalessimportantroleintheirdiet,whiletheconsumptionofhighqualityfoodsuchasmeat,milkandfruithasgreatlyincreased.(2)Amarkedchangehastakenplaceonthefamilydinningtableinthelast10years.(3)Therearetwofactorsleadingtothechange.(4)Foronething,peoplenowenjoyahigherstandardofliving.(5)Intheolddaysfewpeoplecouldaffordmeatandmilkeveryday,whichoftenmeantabigchunkofthefamilyincome.(6)Butnowpeoplehaveenoughmoneytotastearichvarietyoffoods.(7)Foranother,peopleoftodaypaymoreattentiontonutrition.(8)Theyarenotmerelycontenttofillthestomach.(9)Theyareseekingthemostreasonabledietwhichwilldogoodtotheirhealth.

CommentsontheSampleThefirstreasonforthechangepeople’sstandardsoflivinggettinghigherandhigherExplaintherelationshipbetweenpeople’sstandardsoflivingandpeople’sdietspecifically

(1)Accordingtoarecentsurvey,rice,thestaplefoodofmostChinese,isnowplayingalessimportantroleintheirdiet,whiletheconsumptionofhighqualityfoodsuchasmeat,milkandfruithasgreatlyincreased.(2)Amarkedchangehastakenplaceonthefamilydinningtableinthelast10years.

(3)Therearetwofactorsleadingtothechange.(4)Foronething,peoplenowenjoyahigherstandardofliving.(5)Intheolddaysfewpeoplecouldaffordmeatandmilkeveryday,whichoftenmeantabigchunkofthefamilyincome.(6)Butnowpeoplehaveenoughmoneytotastearichvarietyoffoods.(7)Foranother,peopleoftodaypaymoreattentiontonutrition.(8)Theyarenotmerelycontenttofillthestomach.(9)Theyareseekingthemostreasonabledietwhichwilldogoodtotheirhealth.

CommentsontheSampleThesecondreasonwhypeoplepaymoreattentiontonutrition.Explainindetailhownutritionleadstothechangesinpeople’sdiet.

(1)

Accordingtoarecentsurvey,rice,thestaplefoodofmostChinese,isnowplayingalessimportantroleintheirdiet,whiletheconsumptionofhighqualityfoodsuchasmeat,milkandfruithasgreatlyincreased.

(2)

Amarkedchangehastakenplaceonthefamilydinningtableinthelast10years.(3)

Therearetwofactorsleadingtothechange.(4)Foronething,peoplenowenjoyahigherstandardofliving.(5)Intheolddaysfewpeoplecouldaffordmeatandmilkeveryday,whichoftenmeantabigchunkofthefamilyincome.(6)Butnowpeoplehaveenoughmoneytotastearichvarietyoffoods.(7)Foranother,peopleoftodaypaymoreattentiontonutrition.(8)Theyarenotmerelycontenttofillthestomach.(9)Theyareseekingthemostreasonabledietwhichwilldogoodtotheirhealth.(10)

Inshort,withpeople’sstandardsoflivinggettinghigherandhigher,changesintheirdietwillbemoreobviousandgreater.

CommentsontheSampleSumuptheessaybyprediction.

CommonModelsofShortEssayWriting

SectionII

5.Proandcon--commenting

4.Comparison--

illustrating

3.Effect--elaborating

2.Reason--explaining

1.Cause--analyzing

6.Point--

refutingSectionIICommonModelsofShortEssayWritingThiskindofessaydealswithsocialproblemsorphenomenon.Thewriterpresentsnotonlythetopicwhichisbecomingthemostpopularrecently,butalsoanalyzesitscausesandresults.

Theusualtitlesareasfollows:TheWorldIsGettingSmallerandSmallerForBetterUnderstandingBetweenParentandChildTeenageSmokingStarsWhyCollegeStudentsTakeaPart-TimeJobWhyHastheDivorceRateinChinaIncreasedinRecentYears?1.

Cause--analyzingPara.ⅡS(3)Transitionalsentence

S(4)ThesisStatement

S(5)CauseI

S(6)Detail1S(7)Detail2

S(8)CauseⅡ

S(9)Detail1S(10)Detail2Thelayoutofcause--analyzing

essayPara.Ⅰ

S(1)Problem(generalintroduce)S(2)Problem(specificexplain)Para.ⅢS(11)S(12)

ConclusionSectionIICommonModelsofshortEssayWriting

Directions:ForthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicChildren’sSchoolbagsAreGettingHeavier．Youshouldwritenolessthan150wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below:1.现在学生背上的书包越来越重2.学生学业负担减轻不了的原因3.结论

Sample

(1)Thesedaysweoftenseeourchildrengotoschoolwithheavierbagsontheirback.(2)Underthepressureofanever-increasingburdenoftheirstudies,theyspendthehoursontheirassignmentslongerandlonger.(3)Whycan’ttheirburdenberelievedinspiteofsocialprotests?(4)Foronething,parentshaveastrongdesireforagoldenopportunityforsuccessoftheirchildren.(5)Theybelievethatifyoudon’tforcethemtoreadmore,thechancesoftheirbeingadmittedtokeyschoolswillbelost,andthentocollegeswillbeslim.(6)Sochildrenareunderconstantpressuretoscorehigh,testwell,aimfirst.Children’sSchoolbagsAreGettingHeavier(7)Foranother,ourteacherstogetherwithparentsapplypressureonthechildren.(8)Sincescoresarenotonlythemarkofsuccessorfailureforastudent,butalsoameasurementofateacher’sperformance,itisnaturalforateachertoassignmorehomework.(9)Failuretoproducestudentsoffirstplaceinschoolacademicexaminationsisoftenseenasevidenceofbadteaching.(10)Tolightenchildren’sacademicburdenisnoteasy,butisworthtrying,forafterallparentsandteachersdon’twanttheheavyschoolbagstocrushtheirchildren.Children’sSchoolbagsAreGettingHeavier

Thisessaypresentsthereasonswhy

tolightenchildren’sacademicburdenisnoteasybyanalyzingtwomaincauses:Oneisfromparents,theothercomesfromteachers.Theopeningparagraphintroducesthetopictobediscussed,andgivesbackgroundinformationonthetopic.Thebodyparagraphexplainstworeasonsbyspecificfactsanddetails.Thethirdparagraphdrawsaconclusionthattolightenchildren’sacademicburdenisnoteasy,butisworthtrying.Commentontheessay2.Reason--explaining

BothCause-analyzingessayandReason—explainingessayexplainthereason.However,theyaredifferentfromeachother.InCause-analyzingessaythewriteraimsatanalyzingthereasonwhysomesocialproblemorphenomenonoccurs.Reason—explainingessayfocusesonpersonalreasonfortakinganaction,makingadecisionorhavinganidea,suchtitlesas:

MyIdealJob,MyMostFavoriteTVProgram,WhyICametoCollege,TheManIRespectMost.TheplaceIloveMost,WhyHaveIChosenTeachingasMyLifeLongCareer?Para.ⅢS(10)S(11)Thelayoutofreason—explainingessay

Para.ⅠS(1)StatedTopicS(2)Thesis:MyattitudetowardsitPara.ⅡS(3)Thesis(morespecific)S(4)ReasonⅠS(5)SupportingdetailS(6)ReasonⅡS(7)SupportingdetailS(8)ReasonⅢS(9)SupportingdetailconclusionS(3)Thesis(morespecific)S(4)ReasonⅠS(5)Supportingdetail1S(6)Supportingdetail2S(7)ReasonⅡS(8)Supportingdetail1S(9)Supportingdetail2orSectionIICommonModelsofshortEssayWriting

Directions:ForthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicThePlaceILoveMost.

Youshouldwritenolessthan150wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below:

1．我最喜欢的地方是……2．它之所以吸引我是因为……3．结论

Sample

(1)OneofthemostattractiveplacesIhaveeverlivedismyhometown—Xian,theprovincialcapitalofShanxi.

(2)IlovethislandbecauseitisacenterofChineseintellects,andmoreimportantly,itisaworld-famoushistoriccity.

(3)XianwasthehistoriccitywherethirteendynastiesinChinesehistorybuilttheircapitals.

(4)Theworld-renownedSilkRoadtookitsstartfromthere.(5)Alsotheterra-cottaarmyoftheFirstEmperorofQinDynasty,knownastheWorld’sEightWonder,isfoundthereinitsmightybattleformation.(6)Becauseofthis,millionsofpeoplecomeallthewayfromoverseastovisitthisnaturalmuseumofChinesehistory.ThePlaceILoveMost

ThePlaceILoveMost(7)XianwashistoricallyabirthplaceofChineseculture,breedingnumerousfamous,brilliantstatesmen,scientistsandwarstrategists.

(8)NowitisacenterofChineseintellects,havingthousandsofspecialistsinvariousfieldsofscienceandtechnologyandmorethan50institutionsofhigherlearning.(9)Eachyearseesmanymajorachievementsgainedbythescientistsherefortheprogressofthenationandoftheworld.(10)Ittrulyshineswithabrillianceofgreatcivilization.(11)IfeelproudofthislandwhereIwasborn.

(12)Icanproudlydeclarethatitisablessedlandofabundance,abirthplaceoftalents.(13)Ibelievewhoevercomestothislandwillunconsciouslyfeeltheirresistibleattractionofthespecialbeautyandthespiritofthisland—thecradleofChinesecivilization.Commentontheessay

InSample2

theauthorgivestothereaderhispersonalreasonswhyheloveshishometownXian.FirstitisthehistoriccitywherethirteendynastiesinChinesehistorybuilttheircapitals,whichwasfullydevelopedbySentence（4）(5)and(6).SecondXianwashistoricallyabirthplaceofChineseculture,breedingnumerousfamous,brilliantstatesmen,scientistsandwarstrategists

withSentence（8）(9)and(10)supportingfurther.Thethirdparagraphdrawsaconclusionthatwhoevercomestothislandwillunconsciouslyfeeltheirresistibleattractionofthespecialbeautyandthespiritofthisland—thecradleofChinesecivilization.Meanwhile,thewritershowsthathefeelsproudofhisbirthplaceemotionally.3.Effect--elaboratingTheEffect–elaboratingessaymainlydiscussaproblemorpointfromoneofthefollowingaspects:importance,necessity,benefit,sideeffectorharmful.Thewriterpresentshisargumentsandtriestoconvincethereadersofhisviewbylistingsomeexamples,factsorreasons.Thecommontitlesareasfollowing:

ThebenefitsofmakingfriendsofdifferentkindsTheimportanceofmakingcitiesgreenerTheharmfuleffectsofheavyexposuretoTVTheHopeproject

Thelayoutofeffect–elaborating

essay

Para.ⅠS(1)StatedTopicS(2)ThesisStatement(Myattitudetowardsit)Para.ⅡS(3)Thesis(morespecific)

S(4)Benefit(orEffect)ⅠS(5)Detail

S(6)Benefit(orEffect)ⅡS(7)Detail

S(8)Benefit(orEffect)ⅢS(9)DetailPara.ⅢS(10)ConclusionSectionIICommonModelsofshortEssayWriting

MyViewsonExaminationsDirections:Forthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutestowrite

acompositiononthetopicMyViewsonExaminations.

Youshouldwritenolessthan150wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below:

1.我们现在都用考试来衡量学生的成绩

2.考试可能带来的副作用

3.我对考试的看法

Sample

(1)Inmostschoolsandcollegestheexaminationisusedasachiefmeansofdecidingwhetherastudentsucceedsorfailsinmasteringaparticularsubject.(2)Althoughitdoesthejobquiteefficiently,itssideeffectsarealsoenormous.(3)Themostundesirableeffectisthatexaminationsencouragebadstudyhabits.(4)Astheexaminationscoreistheonlycriterionforhisacademicperformance,astudentisdriventomemorizemechanicallyratherthantothinkcreatively.(5)Examinationsdonotmotivateastudenttoseekmoreknowledge,buttorestricthisreading;theydonotenablehimtostudyconsistentlythroughoutthesemester,buttoinducecrammingduringexamweek.MyViewsonExaminations(6)Examinationsalsolowerthestandardsofteaching.(7)Sinceteachersthemselvesareoftenjudgedbyexaminationresults,theyarereducedtotrainingtheirstudentsinexamtechniques.(8)Andnosubjectscanbetaughtsuccessfullymerelythroughbeingapproachedwithintenttotakeexaminations.(9)Actually,fewofusadmitthatexaminationscancontributeanythingreallyimportanttothestudents’academicdevelopment.(10)Ifthat’sthecase,whycan’twemakeachangeanddevisesomethingmoreefficientandreliablethanexaminations?MyViewsonExaminationsCommentontheessay

Inthispassagethewriterairshiscentralideabyspecificfactsintheopeningparagraphthatalthoughitdoesthejobquiteefficiently,itssideeffectsarealsoenormous.InthesecondparagraphSentence（3）（6）pointouttwosideeffectsofexamination.Sentence(4)（5）(7)(8)arethecorrespondingdevelopmenttoSentence（3）（6）indetail.AtlastSentence(9)(10)sumuptheessayandenditwithaquestiontoattractthereadersattention.4.Comparison--illustrating

ThemainpurposeofComparison—illustratingwriting

istorevealtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesbetweentwocomparableitemstoconvincethereaderthatoneoftheitemsissuperiortotheother.Therefore,thewriteroftenshowhispreferencebetweenthetwocompareditems.Inordertoachievethispurpose,thetwoitemsbeingcomparedshouldbeinthesameclassorbalanced.AccordingtothetwobasicwayswehavelearnedinformerChapter,wecandesigntwoformats.S(3)ConcedeA’sAdvantagesS(4)ButA’sdisadvantages1S(5)A’sdisadvantages2S(6)A’sdisadvantages3S(7)TransitionS(8)IllustrateB’sadvantages1S(9)B’sadvantages2S(10)B’sadvantages3S(1)Topic:ThesubjectstobecomparedS(2)Thesis:YourpreferenceforBoverAS(11)S(12)Thelayoutofcomparison--illustrating

essay

ConclusionPara.II

Para.IPara.III(1)item-by-item

Directions:Forthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutesto

writeacompositiononthetopic

Wheretolive—inthecityorthesuburb?

Youshouldwritenolessthan150wordsandbase

yourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)

below:

1.最近几年越来越多的人迁往近郊居住

2.城市生活和近郊生活各有特点

3.比较起来，我喜欢的是……

SampleWheretolive—intheCityortheSuburb?

(1)Inrecentyearsmoreandmorehomesarebeingpushedoutwardsastheactivitiesofbusiness,governmentandpleasuretendtobeconcentratedinthecentersofthecities.(2)Althoughmostpeoplearereluctanttomovetotheoutskirtsofthecities,Ifeellikelivinginthesuburbs.(3)Itistruethatthecitycanprovidemuchconvenienceandentertainment,theveryreasonpeoplecan’tbeartopartwithcitylife.(4)Butthecostfortheprivilegeoflivinginthecityisalsohigh.(5)Justthinkoftheplaceswherewelive,fullofpetrolfumesandtoxicgases,tornbytheroarofbusesandlorriesdayandnight,andthrongedceaselesslybygreatcrowds.(6)besides,asthehousingprobleminthecitygetsmoreserious,peoplehavetopayhighrentsforverytinyflatswhichIwouldcertainlydisdaintolivein.Wheretolive—inthecityorthesuburb?(7)

Incontrast,

livingnearthecountrysideonecanenjoythecleanatmosphere,theclosenesstonatureandthequiet,peacefulsurroundings—theessentialsofahealthylife.(8)Nothingcanbecompared,asthepaceofmodernlifeisgettingquicker,withthefirstcockcrow,thetwitteringofbirdsatdawn,andthesightoftherisingsunglintingonthetreesandgreenfields.(9)Althoughlivinginthesuburbsyoumaysufferalittlediscomfortbroughtaboutbythenecessityoftravelingmilestoworkeveryday,itmeansnearlynothingwhenyouthinkoftheconstantthreatunderwhichthecity-dwellersliveasthecrimerateinmostcitiesishigher.(10)Thenewsuburbanlifeisfastbecomingapredominantpatternoflivinginmostcities;andwiththeimprovementoftrafficandtheperfectionofservices,

itwillprovetoholdgreatsuperiorityovercitylife.Commentontheessay

Inthispassageitem-by-itempatternisusedtocomparelivinginthecitywithlivinginthesuburbs..Thewriterfirstdiscussesthecityfromthreeaspects,thenthesuburbsfromthecorrespondingaspects.

Thewritershowshispreferenceforquality-orientededucationoverexam-orientededucation.S(1)Topic:ThesubjectstobecomparedS(2)Thesis:YourpreferenceforBoverAS(11)S(12)Thelayoutofcomparison--illustrating

essay

ConclusionS(3)ConcedeA’sadvantagesS(4)ButA’sdisadvantage1S(5)B’scorrespondingadvantage1S(6)A’sdisadvantage2S(7)TransitionS(8)B’scorrespondingadvantage2S(9)A’sdisadvantage3S(10)B’scorrespondingadvantage3Para.ⅡPara.ⅠPara.Ⅲ5.Proandcon--commentingProandcon—commentingessayfocusesontheproandconargumentofamatterorproblem.Thewriternotonlyprovetherightsidebutalsoprovethewrongsidebysupplyingenoughsupportingevidence.Therearetwowaysofargumentationforthewritertochoose.Oneistocommentongoodandbadobjectively;theotheristoshowpreferenceforoneside.

Thecommontitlesare

ThePositiveandNegativeAspectsofSkyscrapers;AdvantagesandDisadvantagesoftheＣellＰhone;TV:ablessingoraCurse;ProandconofDormitoryLife.Thelayoutofproandcon--commenting

essay

Para.ⅠS(1)Topic:theissuetobecommentedS(2)Thesis:differentattitudestowardsitPara.ⅡS(3)Itsadvantagesoroneside’sopinionS(4)Detail1S(5)Detail2S(6)TransitionS(7)Itsdisadvantagesortheotherside’spinionS(8)Detail1S(9)Detail2Para.ⅢS(10)Thebalancedview

Directions:Forthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic

TheAdvantagesandDisadvantagesofAirTravel.

Youshouldwritenolessthan120wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below:

1．乘飞机旅行越来越普遍

2．乘飞机旅行的优缺点

3．我的看法

SampleTheAdvantagesandDisadvantagesofAirTravel

(1)Inthelastfiftyyears,travelingbyairhasbecomethemostpopularformoflong-distancejourneys.(2)However,therearebothpositiveandnegativepointsassociatedwithit.

(3)Thefirstadvantageofairtravelisthatitisquick;forinstance,wecanflyfromBeijingtoGuangzhouinlessthanthreehours.(4)

Thesecondadvantageoftravelingbyairisthatitisconvenient.(5)Afterwehavecheckedin,allwehavetodoistogetonandsitdown.(6)Thefriendlyairstewardesswilllookafteroureveryneed.(7)Thethirdadvantageoftravelingbyairisthatitisnowrelativelycheap,especiallyforlongdistancetravel.(8)WecanflyfromBeijingtoGuangzhouforonlyl200Yuan.

TheAdvantagesandDisadvantagesofAirTravel(9)

Butontheotherhand,travelingbyairhasitsdisadvantages.

Perhapsthemostobviousistheelementofdangerinvolved,suchashijackingsandcrashes.(10)Travelingbyairalsomakesitimpossibleforustoseemanyscenicspotsonthewaytoourdestination.(11)Inadditiontotheabovementioned,alongdistanceairtravelmaymakeusverytired,bothmentallyandphysically.(12)Manypreciousdaysofholidaymaybewastedrecoveringfromairsickness.

(13)Toconclude,

althoughairtravelinvolvesinconvenienceandslightrisk,Iwouldsay

thattheadvantagesmentionedaboveweighmuchmorethanthedisadvantages.Commentontheessay

Thispassagedealswiththetopicontravelingbyair.First,thewriterstatesthattravelingbyairhasbecomethemostpopularformoflong-distancejourneys.InSentence(2)hepointsouttherearebothpositiveandnegativeideasassociatedwithit.ParagraphTwofocusontwodifferentsides,thatis,Sentence(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)discussthreeadvantagesandSentence(9)(10)(11)(12)onitsdisadvantages.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorholdsthatpositiveaspectweighsnegativeone.

6.Point–refuting

Thiskindofessaydealswithproblemsorpointwhichiswrongorirrational.Thewriterpresentsstrongsupportingevidencetoprovethatitisnotreasonableandmakessurethatthewrongargumentisstatedbrieflyandrefutedatlength,sothatthereadersaccepthispoints.Sometimesthewritercanconcedethedifferentviewpointalitbitreasonableandthengotoshowhispointsaremoreoutweighanyway.

Theusualtitlesareasfollows:

DoesMoneyMeanEverything?ShouldMenandWomenBeEqual?IfThereWerenoAdvertisements,IsLeiFeng’sSpiritoutofStyle?IsComputerInstructionReplacingHumanTeaching?ShouldCET-4/6BeAbandoned?Thelayoutofpoint–refuting

essay

Para.ⅠS(1)Topic:TheissuetobearguedaboutS(2)Thesis:MyopinionoftheissuePara.ⅡS(3)Others’argumentsabouttheissueS(4)Detail1S(5)Detail2S(6)Writer’sobjection/ConcedetheirvalidityS(7)Writer’sownargumentsS(8)Detail1S(9)Detail2Para.ⅢS(10)S(11)Conclusion

Directions:Forthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic

IsStressaBadThing?

Youshouldwritenolessthan120wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below:

1.有的人害怕压力

2.有的人认为压力并不是一件坏事

3.我的看法

SampleIsStressaBadThing?

(1)Whichjobdoyouprefer,ahighly-paidbutverycompetitivepositionorapoorly-paidbutalsolessdemandingjob?(2)Youmaychoosethelatterandhaveyourownreasons,butIdon’tthinkthischoiceiswiseenoughwhateverreasons.

(3)However,It’struethatthiscaseisnotunique.(4)Inthelastfewyearsquiteanumberofmenandwomenhavechosentodosomethinglesscompetitiveatthecostofacomfortable,easylifeahighly-paidjobcanobtain.(5)Theyareafraidthatthestressesandstrainsofworkwillrobthemof

joyandhappiness

anddothemharmbothphysicallyandmentally.(6)Infact,however,stressisn’tthebadthingitisoftensupposedtobe.

IsStressaBadThing?(7)Unlessitgetsoutofcontrol,acertainamountofstressisvitaltoprovidemotivationandchallenge,andtogive

purposeandsignificancetoanotherwisemeaningless,idlelife.(8)Peopleunderstresstendtoexpresstheirfullrangeofpotentialandtoactualizetheirownpersonalworth—the

veryaimofahumanlife.(9)Stressisanaturalpartofeverydaylifeandthereisnowaytoavoi