初中英语译林牛津七年级下学期7BUnit5语法讲解量词讲义含练习及答案

7BUnit5语法讲解量词Warm-up:ReadingWaterisveryimportanttous.Wecannotlivewithoutwater.Thereisalotofwaterontheearth,butwecannotusemostofit.About97%oftheearth,swaterissalty.咸的)Onlytherestisfreshwater.ButmostofthefreshwaterissnowandiceneartheNorthSouthPoles.南北极)Wecanuseonlyabout1%ofthewaterontheearth.Weusewaterfrombothlakesandrivers.Someofthewaterevaporatesandthenbecomesrain.Ofcauseweuserainwaterforfarmsandotherthings.Weusethiswateragainandagain.一、重难点1)理解什么是量词2)掌握修饰可数名词与不可数名词的量词二、精讲点拨*many,much1.much/many意为“很多”，既可起代词作用，也可起形容词作用，比较级和最高级为more,most.在句中，可作主语，宾语和定语等.much与不可数名词连用，作主语时谓语动词用单数，many与可数名词复数连用，作主语时谓语动词用复数。eg：Muchbreadgoesbad.Manyofyoushouldbepraised.Wecanlearnmuchwiththehelpofhim.Thecardsarepretty.SheboughtmanyforChristmas.Thereismuchwaterinthepool.Therearemanypeopleoverthere..much/many前面可加上how,as,too,so等修饰.eg：Howmuchhaveyoupaidforthebill?HowmanypeoplewanttolearnFrench?Youeattoomuch.*lot.lot不能单独使用，常与of连用，lotsof/alotof意为“许多”，后面接可数名词复数和不可数名词均可，接可数名词时谓语用复数，接不可数名词时谓语用单数.alot是副词性短语，可以修饰动词.eg：Therearealotofanimalsinthezoo.Thanksalot.=Thankyouverymuch..表示“大量，许多”的短语，alotof,lotsof,anumberof,agreatdealof,plentyof等.alotof既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式，可以相应的换成much和many.plentyof既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词复数。anumberof只修饰可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。agreatdealof只修饰不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。eg:Alotofpeoplethinkthattimeismoney.Idon,thavetodoitinahurrybecauseIhaveplentyoftime.Ihaveanumberofletterstowritetoday.Ispendagreatdealoftimeonshopping.*little/alittlelittle意为“很少”，“几乎没有”，含否定含义，其比较级和最高级为less和least,alittle意为“有些”，含肯定之意。

little,alittle既可起代词作用，也可起形容词作用与不可数名词连用。在句中都可作主语，宾语和定语。Eg:Heisaverypoormanandhehaslittlemoney.Don,tworry.Thereisstillalittletimeleft.*few/afewfew意为“很少几个“，“几乎没有”，含否定之意，其比较级和最高级为fewer和fewest;afew意为“有几个”，“有些”，含肯定之意。few,afew既可起代词作用，也可起形容词作用与可数名次复数连用，它们在句中可作主语，宾语和定语。Eg：Inthatpolarregiontherelivefewpeople.Youcangetafewsweetsfromhim.*enoughenough意为“足够”，可作形容词，副词，名词。基本用法如下：作形容词，可放在所修饰的名词前或后。既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，还可以单独作表语。1)作名词Eg：---Doyouwantanymorerice?---No,thanks.Ihavehadenough.2）作表语Eg：Tendollarsisenough.Thereisenoughfoodforeverybody.3）作副词Eg：Thecoatisgoodenough.Heplayswellenoughforabeginner.注意：形容词的比较级前还可以用i〃叫〃lot,far,even,still,alittle,no,any等表示程度的词来修饰。即:very+原级;much/alittle/alot/even/far+比较敏如：TomismuchtallerthanJack.（Tom比Jack高多了。）Ifeelalittlebetterthanyesterday.我感觉比昨天好一点儿了。Thejobisfarmoredifficultthanbefore.这工作比以前要难得多。▲不可数名词的计量方法一般用“数字+计量单位+名词+of表示。(注意：当数字大于一时，表示计量单位的名词可以有复数形式)。如：apieceofnews一则新闻apieceofnews一则新闻aglassofwine一杯酒asumofmoney一笔钱adropofwater一滴水twopiecesofadvice两条建议apieceofmeat一块肉twobowlsofrice两碗米fivebagsofflour五袋面粉threebottlesofmilk三瓶牛奶(2)当我们询问量的多少时，常用howmany,howmuch。Howmany用于询问可数名词；而howmuch用于不可数名词。同时，howmuch还可用于询问价格。Howmanybagsofricedoyouneed?你需要多少袋大米？Howmuchpaperdoesyourofficeneed?你们办公室需要多少张纸？Howmuchdoesthenotebookcost?这电脑笔记本要多少钱？too与enough也可用于量的表达。too表示过量，enough表示足量。Thisfamilydoesn,thaveenoughmoneytobuyahouse.这家人没有足够的钱买一套房子。Iatetoomuch.Idon,tfeelwell,我吃太多了，我感到不舒服。三、巩固提升I选词填空（一）用many或much填空Therearefoodonthetable.Therearehotelsinthetown.studentsfailtheexam.Paulahasn,tgotmoneyfromhisparent.（二）用toomany/toomuch/enough填空Idon,tliketheweatherhere.There,srain.Ican'twaitforthem.Ihaven'tgottime.Therewasnowheretositonthebeach.Therewerepeople.Youdrinkcoffee.It,snotgoodforyou.Theroomisbigtohold5people.II.单项选择TherearereservoirsinGuangdong.A.much B.toomuch C.many D.muchtooTakingabathtakesmuchmorewaterthanshowers----abouttwiceas.A.much B.toomuch C.many D.toomanyWemusthurry.Thereistimeleft.A.alittleB.littleC.afewD.fewHedidwellintheexamandmademistakes.A.fewB.littleC.alittleD.afewTwentylitersofwateristofill65cansofsoftdrinks.A.muchB.manyC.enoughD.noSheranoutofallthecookingoilathome.Sheusedcookingoil.A.toomanyB.toomuchC.toofewD.toolittleInhotdays,thereareusuallyswimmersinthepool.A.alotofB.alotC.fewD.muchMycousinisalwaysbusywithhiswork.Hehastimetoreadnewspaper.A.littleB.fewC.alittleD.afewThereissugarinmycoffee.It,stoosweet.A.toomanyB.toomuchC.toofewD.toolittlePleasecomehereearlier.Wehavenotime.A.alittleB.littleC.fewD.manyTheboyisoldtogotoschool.A.enoughB.muchC.alittleD.manyHisroomisbigtohold10people.A.too B.enoughC.muchD.Few四、课后拓展语法选择Maxisacleverboy.Heliveswithhismomandsister.Hehasmanydreamsandalwayswantstohaveadventures.Onedayheleaveshomeand_1atrip.

Maxfindsasmallboatandsetssail （起航）.Hearrives__2__astrangeisland.Therearemonsters__3__ontheisland.TheyfindMaxandwanttoeathim.Maxtellsthemthatintheplace__4__hecomesfrom,heisaking.Themonstersbelievehim.Carolisoneofthemonsters.Hegets_5__.Butheiskind.He_6__MaxKingoftheisland.Theybecomegoodfriendsanddecide_7__abigfort（堡垒）ontheisland.Butastheybuild,therearedisagreements（不一致）__8__thegroup.Also,MaxhastobecarefUl__9__Carolfindoutheisnotreallyaking…WillMaxandhismonsterfriendsbeabletobuildthefort?WillCarolfindoutMax,ssecret?LearntheanswersinthemovieWheretheWildThingsAre（《野兽家园》）.Thefilm__10__Chinesecinemasnextmonth.A.goonA.atB.B.goesoninC.gotoD.goestoC.on D.\A.liveA.whichB.livingB.whatC.livedC.whereD.toliveD.who5.A.madeasilyB.madeasyC.easymadD.easilymadA.makeA.tobebuiltA.betweenA.nottoletA.hitB.makesB.beingbuiltB.amongB.tonotletB.willhitC.tomake D.makingC.tobuild D. buildingC.at D.ofC.notletting D. toletC.hitting D. tohit完形填空Daisywouldneverforgerthenightwhenshemetarobbermanyyearsago.Thatevening,shewenttoabirthdaypartywhich__1__untiltwoo,clockinthemorning.Daisywalkedinthe__2__streetalone.Suddenlyfromthebackofadarkbuildingatallmanwithasharpknifeinhisrighthandranoutather.“Good__3__,lady,”themansaidinalowvoice,“Idon,tthinkyouwishtodiehere!”“Whatdoyouwant?”“Yourearrings.Takethemoff!”Daisysuddenlyhada__4__idea.Shetriedtocoverhernecklacewiththecollar（衣领）ofherovercoatwhilesheused__5__handtotakeoffbothofherearringsandthenquickly__6__themontheground.“Takethemandletmego,”shesaid.Therobberthoughtthatthegirldidn,tliketheearringsatall,onlytryingtokeepthenecklace.Itwouldcost__7__,sohesaid,“Givemeyournecklace.”“Oh,sir.Itdoesn,t__8much.Pleaseletmewearit.”“I’mnotthatsilly.Quick!”WithshakinghandsDaisytookoffhernecklace.Assoonastherobberleft,shepickedupherearringsandranas__9__asshecouldtooneofherfriends.Theearringscost480poundsandthenecklacetherobberhadtakenawaycost__10sixpounds.1.A.endedB.stayedC.stoppedD.lasted2.A.busyB.quietC.noisyD.wide3.A.morningB.afternoonC.eveningD.night4.A.funnyB.safeC.braveD.bright5.A.otherB.othersC.theotherD.another6.A.handedB.threwC.passedD.put7.A.cheapB.expensiveC.moreD.less8.A.weighB.takeC.spendD.cost9.A.fastB.earlyC.carefullyD.much10.A.reallyB.alreadyC.onlyD.hardly阅读理解AVisitorstoLondonofteneatinrestaurants.Theownersandworkersinthemareallfromothercountries.Thevisitorssayintheserestaurantstheydon'tfeeltheyareinEngland.MostofEnglishpeopleeatathomeasmuchastheycan.Sometimestheythemselveswillthinktheyareinanothercountrywhentheyareinrestaurants.WhenanEnglishmangoesoutofarestaurant,hemayfindthathedoesn'tunderstandwhyeverythingiswritteninFrenchandItalian.MostofEnglishpeoplethinkitisbettertoeatathome,becauseitischeaper.Theydon'twanttospendmuchmoneyonfoodandtheylikecookingathome.Theylikefastfood.ButforChristmas,theywillspendtwoorthreeweekstogetreadyforit,becausetheywanttohavegoodfood.()1.VisitorstoLondonofteneatinrestaurantsbecause.theydon'tlikethefoodathome B.theirhomesarenotinLondonC.it'scheaper D.restaurantsarebeautifulplaces()2.WhenEnglishpeopleeatinrestaurants,theysometimesthink.A.theyareinanothercountry B.theyareinthecountryC.theyarethemselves D.theylovetheircountry()3.SomeofEnglishpeopledon'tknow.A.whyeverythingcomesfromFrenchandItalianwhypeoplewriteeverythinginFrenchandItalianeverythinginrestaurantseveryoneinrestaurants()4.Englishpeopleeatathomebecause.A.itisfast B.thefoodisexpensiveathomeC.itissometimesverycheap D.thefoodisverycheapathome()5.EnglishpeoplewillspendmuchtimeforChristmas.A.Inordertogetmorefood B.InordertohavemuchfoodC.Inordertogetgoodfood D.Inordertohaveenoughfood(B)December25,2009DearRose,Ilikeyourprogramsverymuch.They,reveryinterestingandIcanlearnalotfromthem.IliketravelingandIhavewonafreefour-weektriptoEngland,butIknowlittleabouttheBritishwayoflife.WouldyoupleasewritetotellsomethingabouttheBritishmeals?Thankyou.Yours,WangLinJanuary1,2010DearWangLin,It,sveryhelpfultoknowsomethingabouttheBritishmealbeforetraveling.InmanyEnglishhouses,peopleeatfourmealsaday.Theyarebreakfast,lunch,teaanddinner.Breakfasttakesplaceatanytimefrom7:00to9:00inthemorning.Theyusuallyhaveeggs,breadwithbutter,cheeseandsoon.Englishpeopledrinkteaorcoffeeatbreakfast.Lunchcomesatoneo,clock.Itcanbeahamburgerorthree-coursemeal.Afternoonteaisbetween4:00p.m.and5:00p.m.Dinnerbeginsatabouthalfpastseven.Thefirstcourseissoup.Thenextisoftenmeatorfishwithvegetables.Thencomefruitsofdifferentkinds:apples,pears,bananasandsoon.ButnotallE