高考英语二轮复习外刊阅读训练：网络上怎么保护个人隐私

高考英语外刊阅读理解训练——网络上怎么保护个人隐私？——改编自Howtoprotectpersonalprivacyonline?MaintainingPrivacyOnlineKeepingsomethingsprivateisimportant.However,everywherewegoonline,weleaveadigitalfootprint.Onoursocialmediaaccounts,there'salotwesharelikeouropinions,connectionsandpicturesfromvacations,leavingusponderingonhowtostopeveryonefromviewingeverything.Tokeepyourprivacy,checkyoursocialmediaaccount'sprivacysettings,manyplatformsautomaticallymakeeverythingviewable,butyoucansetyourboundaries.However,limitingwhatyoushareisn'trestrictedsolelytosocialmedia.Avoidputtingsensitivedatasuchaspasswordsonsitesthatallowdocumentsharingasoneslipcouldsendittothewrongperson.Cookiestrackandsavebrowsinginformationtoeasepersonalisationduringsessions.Ifyouareuncomfortablewiththem,certainappscanblockthem,ordeletingbrowsinghistorymayhelp.Ifyouwanttomaintainprivacyonline,refrainfromsharingthingsyouwon'tbeateasewithstrangersseeing.Toavoidcookiestrackingguideyourbrowsing,investinsoftwaretoblockthemordenythemaccessandvisitanotherwebsite.Cookiesaremeantforconsumption,sowhynothaveayummycookieinstead?【重点词汇】1.privacy['praɪvəsi]n.隐私2.digital['dɪdʒɪtl]adj.数字的3.footprint['fʊtprɪnt]n.足迹；印记4.socialmedia['səʊʃlˈmiːdiə]社交媒体5.opinions[əˈpɪnjənz]n.意见；观点6.connections[kəˈnekʃənz]n.联系7.pictures['pɪktʃəz]n.照片8.vacations[veɪˈkeɪʃəns]n.假期；度假9.pondering[ˈpɒndrɪŋ]v.思考10.viewable[ˈvjuːəbl]adj.可查看的11.boundaries['baʊndəriz]n.界限；范围12.restricted[rɪˈstrɪktɪd]adj.受限制的13.sensitive['sensətɪv]adj.敏感的14.passwords['pɑːswɜːdz]n.密码15.document['dɑːkjʊmənt]n.文件；文献16.slip[slɪp]n.失误17.block[blɒk]v.阻止；封锁18.browsing['braʊzɪŋ]n.浏览19.uncomfortable[ʌnˈkʌmftəbl]adj.不舒服的；不自在的20.denying[dɪ'naɪɪŋ]v.否定；拒绝21.consumption[kənˈsʌmpʃən]n.消耗22.yummy['jʌmi]adj.好吃的23.personalisation[,pɜːsənəlaɪ'zeɪʃn]n.个性化24.sessions['seʃənz]n.会话；（讨论的）场次25.apps[æps]n.应用程序26.deleting[dɪ'liːtɪŋ]v.删除27.strangers['streɪndʒəz]n.陌生人28.tracking['trækɪŋ]v.跟踪29.software['sɒftweə(r)]n.软件30.access['ækses]n.进入；使用权31.website['websaɪt]n.网站32.consumption[kənˈsʌmpʃən]n.消耗33.advertisers['ædvətaizəz]n.广告商34.browsinghistory['braʊzɪŋˈhɪstəri]浏览历史记录35.cookies['kʊkiːz]n.（网站）跟踪器36.sharing['ʃeərɪŋ]v.共享；分享37.settings['setɪŋz]n.设置38.online['ɒnlaɪn]adj.在线的39.slip-ups[slɪp-ʌps]n.失误40.accidentally[æksɪ'dentlɪ]adv.意外地；偶然地41.hackers['hækəz]n.黑客42.malicious[mə'liːʃəs]adj.恶意的；恶毒的43.cybercrimes['saɪbəkraɪmz]n.网络犯罪44.theft[θeft]n.盗窃45.phishing['fɪʃɪŋ]n.钓鱼式欺诈46.scams[skæmz]n.诈骗47.encryption[ɪn'krɪpʃn]n.加密48.firewalls['faɪəwɔlz]n.防火墙49.antivirus[ˌæntiˈvaɪrəs]n.杀毒软件50.digitalsecurity['dɪdʒɪtlsɪ'kjʊərəti]数字安全【阅读理解练习题】1.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A.TheimportanceofsocialmediaprivacysettingsB.WaystorestrictaccesstopersonalinformationonlineC.TherisksofleavingadigitalfootprintD.Thebenefitsofcookiesforpersonalisation答案：B。文章主要讲述的是如何限制个人信息在网上泄露的方式。2.Whatisa"digitalfootprint"?A.AtrailofpersonaldataleftonlineB.AcompilationofsensitivedocumentsC.AsetofonlinebrowsingpreferencesD.Acollectionofcookiedata答案：A。文章提到，无论我们走到哪里，我们在网上都会留下数字足迹。3.Whatcansocialmediausersdotoprotecttheirprivacy?A.Onlysharepositiveopinionsandvacationpictures.B.Avoidusingsocialmediaaltogether.C.Checktheirprivacysettingsandsetboundaries.D.Sharepersonaldata,butonlywithclosefriends.答案：C。文章提到，用户可以检查他们的社交媒体账户的隐私设置，并设置自己的界限，以保护他们的隐私。4.Whatistheriskofputtingsensitivedataonsitesthatallowdocumentsharing?A.Thedatamaybesavedascookies.B.Thedatamaybeviewedbystrangers.C.Thedatamaybelostordeleted.D.Thedatamaybeusedforpersonalisation.答案：B。文章提到，在允许文档共享的网站上放置敏感数据是有风险的，因为一旦出现错误，它可能会被发送给错误的人。5.Whatdocookiesdo?A.Blocksensitivedatafrombeingviewedbystrangers.B.Helppersonalisebrowsingsessions.C.Allowaccesstorestrictedsites.D.Providesoftwaretoprotectpersonalinformation.答案：B。文章提到，cookies跟踪和保存浏览信息，以便在会话期间进行个性化。6.Whatisonewaytoavoidcookietracking?A.Usingavirtualprivatenetwork(VPN)B.InstallingsoftwaretoblockcookiesC.RestrictinguseofsocialmediaD.Deletingbrowsinghistory答案：B。文章提到，如果你不舒服，某些应用可能会阻止cookies，或者删除浏览历史可能会有所帮助。7.Whatshouldyourefrainfromdoingifyouwanttomaintainonlineprivacy?A.Usingpassword-protecteddocumentsB.SharingpersonalopinionswithstrangersC.DeletingbrowsinghistoryD.Allowingaccesstocookies答案：B。文章提到，如果你想保护在线隐私，应避免与陌生人分享你不希望看到的东西。8.Whatisthearticle'ssuggestionforavoidingcookiestrackingyourbrowsing?A.Restrictyourbrowsingtocertainwebsites.B.Deleteyourbrowsinghistoryregularly.C.Blockcookieswithsoftwareordenythemaccess.D.Eatacookieinsteadofusingtheinternet.答案：C。文章提到，为了避免cookies跟踪你的浏览，可以投资于阻挡它们的软件或拒绝它们进入并访问另一个网站。【全文逐句对照翻译】维护网上私隐MaintainingPrivacyOnline保密是很重要的。Keepingsomethingsprivateisimportant.然而，无论我们在哪里上网，都会留下数字足迹。However,everywherewegoonline,weleaveadigitalfootprint.在我们的社交媒体账户上，我们分享了很多东西，比如我们的观点、关系和度假照片，这让我们思考如何阻止别人查看所有东西。Onoursocialmediaaccounts,there'salotwesharelikeouropinions,connectionsandpicturesfromvacations,leavingusponderingonhowtostopeveryonefromviewingeverything.为了保护你的隐私，检查你的社交媒体账户的隐私设置，许多平台自动使所有内容可见，但你可以设置你的界限。Tokeepyourprivacy,checkyoursocialmediaaccount'sprivacysettings,manyplatformsautomaticallymakeeverythingviewable,butyoucansetyourboundaries.然而，限制你分享的内容并不仅仅局限于社交媒体。However,limitingwhatyoushareisn'trestrictedsolelytosocialmedia.避免将敏感数据(如密码)放在允许文件共享的网站上，因为一次失误就可能将其发送给错误的人。Avoidputtingsensitivedatasuchaspasswordsonsitesthatallowdocumentsharingasoneslipcouldsendittothewrongperson.cookie跟踪和保存浏览信息，