英语新人教必修1课堂导学unit5nelson mandelaa modern hero

Mandelawasoncea(n) beforeheformedtheANCYouthLeague. C.goldminer D.adviserforthe答案Eliascouldn’tgoonwithhisstudyatschool hewasatheschoolwashewastheschoolswereforthe答案WhydidEliasthinkthedaywhenhemetMandelawasoneofthehappiestdaysinhisBecauseheadmiredMandelatooBecauseitwastochangehisBecauseMandelagavehimaBecausehewasabletojointhe答案Thefifthparagraph ls ofthevotingrightofthethepovertyofthethelifeofthethelifeofthe答案WhydidEliashelpMandelablowupsomeernmentbuildingsthoughhehimselfdislikedBecausehewasorderedbyBecausehebelievedhewasngsomethingBecausehehatedthewhitestooBecauseheadmired答案THERESTOF WhydidMandelastartaschoolintheBecausehewantedtobeaBecausehewantedtoeducatethosewith knowledgeBecausehewasorderedtodothatbytheprisonBecausehewasaskedbythosewhohadstudied答案WhatdidtheystudyforaccordingtotheTheywouldgetTheywouldbesetThey eeducatedcitizensofNewSouthTheyjuststudiedforfunintheirspare答案Itseemsthattheemployerspreferredtohire whohadwhowereoncewhowerewhohadlittle答案Eliaslosthisjob hewasahewasonceahewasnotbetterheonceworkedfor答案EliasthoughthewasnotabletoshowvisitorsaroundRobbenIslandasaguidebecause A.hewasnotfamiliarwithRobbenIslandC.hisimprisonmentlifeontheRobbenIslandwastooterribletoC.hehadntmuchtravelingD.hewastoobusyworkingfortheNewSouthHefoundedthefirstRepublicin in1911aftermanyyears’fighting.Hestronglybelievedinthethreeprinciples:nationalism;peoplesrights;people’slivelihood.他经过多年的奋斗,于1911年创建了中国的第一。他强烈信奉三义:民族、民权剖析:founded是found的过去式,意为“创立,建立”;believedin意为“信奉”；principle意为“原则；主义”。HegaveuparichlifeforhisideasandfoughtforhiscountrytobefromtheUKinapeaceful他为了自己的观念放弃了富有的生活,为了让他的祖国以和平的方式摆脱英国的、得剖析:gaveup意为“放弃”；forhiscountrytobefromtheUKinapeacefulway是forsb.todo句式,在句中作目的状语。Hehelpedtheblackpeopletogetthesamerightsaswhite剖析:helpsb.todosth.意为“帮助做某事”。thesame...as...是一个固定句式,thesame修饰一个名词,或本身就是先行词时,后面的定语从句用关系代词as引导,as在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。再如:Youarethesame asIwanttoworkwith.你是与之一起工作的那种ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmy第一次见 剖析:Thetime作句子的主语,whenIfirstmetNelsonMandela作为定语从句,time。The whenNelsonMandelatoldmewhattodoandhelped 主 系动oneofthe daysofmyThiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktolivein剖析:atime指一段时间,when引导的定语从句。atime后的定语从when引导。再如:I’mlookingforwardtoatimewhenI’mholidayingintheseashore.SadlyIdidnothavethispassbookbecauseIwasnotbornthereandIwasworriedaboutwhetherIwouldbeoutofwork.剖析:sadly在句中作状语意为令人感到伤心地是”。用法相同的词还有surely(无疑),obviously(显然地),frankly(坦率地说),naturally(自然地),luckily(或happily)forsb.(算幸运),fortunay(幸好地),strangely(奇怪地),honestly(真诚地),briefly(简单地说)等。Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstopourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.过去30年来所出现的大量法律我们的权利,阻挡我们的进步,一直到今天,我们还处在的不同思维方式和表达习惯。再如:Theyear1949witnessedthefoundingofthe .1949年中民成立 wewereputinapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfight剖析:inwhich...position。inwhich也可换为where。再如:Canyouthinkofapositioninwhichthewordcanbeused?你能想到一个这个单词可能被使用的情景吗？either...or...“要么……要么……”;“或者……或者……,”连接两个并Itwasaprisonfromwhichnooneescaped剖析:fromwhichnooneescapedfrom的定语从句,修饰前面的prison。这一句也可解释为:Nooneescapedfromtheprison.escapefrom是一个常见的搭配,意为“从……中Hetaughtusduringthelunchbreaksandtheeveningswhenweshouldhavebeen剖析:shouldhavedone表示“本来应当做某事,而实际上并没有做”,它表示说话者的一种责备、Youshouldhavebeenmorecarefulinthisexperiment. n.【典型例句Iwantmeatofthebest我要质量最好TheyspokeofhisfinequalitiesasamodernOnequalityofthissticisthatitis unbreakable【知识小结quality表示“质量”时,是不可数名词;表示人的品质时是可数名词。例如:Shehasmanyfinequalities.她有很多优秀品质。【相关tyn.数量。例如atyof/largetiesof“大量的”,修饰可数或不可数名词。inties大量地Modestyis Thisnewmodelis andisnotexpensiveeither.Thereis wine(4)一直在购进大量白银Theernmenthasbeenbuying 答案oneofhisgoodofhighasmalltyingreatloseheart【典型例句Don’tloseheartwheninfaceofdifficulty,forawayoutwillcome遇到时不要丧气,总会有出路了Theteamhadwonnogamesandtheylost【知识小结loseheartheart是抽象名词,【相关heart构成的习语breakonesheart使人难过\heartandsoul全心全意hearttoheart诚恳地,贴心地takeheart鼓起勇气,learnsth.byheartputonesheartintoTom’sfailureinthe Weshouldservethe (3)Foroveranhourwesattheretalking (鼓起勇气)andcompletethetask.He (100个新单词inoneWeall (专心于our答案brokehisparents’heartandhearttotakelearn100newwordsbyputourheartintrouble【典型例句HealwaysoffershishelpwhenIaminHeisintroubleagain,becausehehasbroken windowHeisintroublewiththe overdrugs. 【相关introubletrouble是不可数名词,但有时也可作可数名词用,例如:Theboyisreallyatroubletotheclass.askfortrouble口自讨苦吃You’llaskfortroubleifyoubreakthebeintroubleswith和……Tomisalwaysintroubleswithhisdon’ttroublegetintotrouble招致不幸,陷入困境,处getoutoftrouble(使)摆脱不幸/困境使)免受责骂/havetroublewith有……病痛/麻烦例如:I’mhavingtroublewithmystomach.I’lltroubleyouto...劳驾你maketrouble闹事,takethetrouble尽力设法;havetrouble(in)ngsth.做某事有麻Didyouhavetroublefindinghisputsb.totrouble给添麻烦Wheneverwe’rein ,wemustneverlose ,buttrytothinkofthewayout.A.thetrouble;ourheartD.trouble;ourheart提示:句意:每当我们处于困境时,我们决不丧气,而是尽力想出路。introuble,loseheart惯短语,troubleheart都是抽象名词。答案:CSometimeschildrenhavetrouble factfromfictionandmaybelievethatsuchthingsactuallyexist.toforseparatingD.ofseparating提示:句意:有时候孩子们很难把事实与虚构的文学作品区别开来,在。此题用havetrouble/difficultyin ng句式,介词in可省略。IfIsayno,thebosswill (找麻烦forI’msorrytohave (给你添了那么多麻烦)Will (麻烦toanswerthis答案makeputyoutosomuchtakethe n.【典型例句Itakethisseriously.It’samatterofWeshouldfollowtheprincipleofseeking【相关againstone’sprinciple自己的原则asamatterofprinciple作为原则的问题byprinciple按照原则,根据原则inprinciple基本上,ontheprincipleof根据……sticktoonesprinciples 答案ThesemachinesbothworkonthesameWesticktotheprinciplethateveryoneshouldbetreatedTheyagreetothenin 【典型例句anearly HeadvisedanmetostartHeadvisedanstarting thatIshouldstartearly.Couldyouadvisemewhattodo【知识小结sth.

nottodosth.劝 （不）做某

主shoulddo

建 应做某 himtogiveupyingcomputergames,butI lookingupthedictionarytoaskingtheteacherforhelp.提示:只有prefer后跟ngsth.tongsth.。 vt.&vi.【典型例句HeatelunchandthenhisHecontinuestoprogressinhis The forseveralhoursuntildarknesscameWe’llcontinuewithourwork.【相关 ng,continuetodo和goon ng具有同样的意思,都表示“继续做同一件事,连续goonwith和continuewith的用法相同,后接名词,goontodo表示接着做另一件事。Takingthiskindofmedicine,if ,willpossiblydohimgreatharm.A.tocontinue提示:continue此处用作及物动词,if后面,Takingthiskindofmedicine是关系,所以要用过去分词,if相当于ifitis。答案:BTheteacher astoryafterheworkedouttheproblem.A.continuewith C.went D.went worryabout【典型例句Firstofall,don’tworryaboutbeingshort.Itreallydoesn’tParentsseemtobeworriedabouttheirdaughterssafety.【相关beworriedabout(为……)发愁，着急(强理状态)worrysb.使焦急担心Thebaby’sillness hismotherverymuch.C.wasworriedD.wasworried提示：worrysb.“使焦急”。句意：小孩的病使妈很担心。outofwork【典型例句NewjobsareneededbecauseanumberofpeopleareoutofI’mbeginningtofeeloutof【相关outofcontrol失控outofrepair失修outofdate过时outofsight看不见outofonesreach够不着Nogoods producedinthefactory.Nowtheworkersare B.is;outofD.are;outof提示：goods表复数意义，谓语动词应用复数。outofwork“失业”positionn.【典型例句Canyoushowmethepositionoftheschoolonthis你能在这张地图上给我学校的位置吗?Hehasagoodpositioninaernmentoffice.他在机关里担任一个好职务。Thepositionisverycritical.【相关inposition在适当的位置,outofposition在不适当的位置,不得其所takeupaposition采取某种立场/态度takeupthepositionthat主张,认为Neitheroftheyoungmenwhohadappliedfor intheuniversitywasA. 提示:句意:这两个年轻人,申请上大学,但谁都没有被录取。position此处指大学中的一个学生位置。situation形势,情形;condition状况,条件。答案 vt.接受；认可vi.同意；承认【典型例句HeacceptedapresentfromhisTheastronautacceptsdangerasbeingpartoftheIcan’tacceptyouasmyHewouldn’tacceptthatsmokingwasharmfulto【相关acceptreceiveaccept表示上接受。receive表示客观上收到WereceivedmuchhelpfromourThenewtheoryiswidelyaccepted.TheHopeProjectaimsathelmorechildreninpoorareasto receive。答案Yogaiswidely asausefulmeansofkeefit.提示:句意:被广泛认为是一种的有用。beacceptedas被认为是答案blowup【典型例句CanyoulendmeapumptoblowupmybicycleTheterroristsarethreateningtoblowupthehijacked【相关Jimhasjustblownblowoff离开；离去。例如：Agustofwindblewmyhatoff.AgustofwindblewtheflickeringcandleIhavetogetthefronttires Janeblewthebirthday andsaidawishforTheenemy allthebridgesinthisWearrivedlatebecausethefronttire ontheThestormblewitself afterfivedays． 相等的；【典型例句DividethecakeintoequalShefeelsequaltothebeequaltosth.指做某事的权利和能力【相关.“Noneofuscanequalher,eitherinbeautyorasabetheequalofoneswords说到做到bewithoutequal无比；无敌beequaltoequalpayforequalwork同工同酬It’sreasonableto equalpayforequalequallypayforequallyequalitypayforequalityequalpaytoequal提示:equalpayforequalwork“同工同酬”，为固定搭配。 答案:Everybodyhadanequalchance.(3)所有的人生来都是的。 答案:Allmenarecreatednn【典型例句

HisterrorwassogreatthathecoulddoHeisaperfectHishairstoodonendwith【知识小结【相关 vt.使, adj.令人的 adj.害怕的beaterrorto使……的人/事;对……是一errorof对……,十分害怕 Hewasaterrortohis Heisaterrorfor 答案ShescreamedinMyeldersisterhasaterrorof(3)Sheletoutascreamofterror. 【典型例句Thereisnothingtofear.没有什么可怕的。Ifearthatyou’llbelateifyoudon’tgonow.【相关 大胆；；无forfearthatinfearof恐怕……(人或事)；为……outoffearforfearof因害怕……(事物)—Itistoodark,andthereisnoresident— 提示:Neverfear!“不用怕！”B、C、Dbe。Hedoesn’tdaretowalkinthedarkstreet shemightmeetwithaghost.A.forfearof B.forfearthatC.outof D.infear提示:只有forfearthat后可接从句。nnvt.【典型例句

HeworkedhardallhislifebutwithoutmuchByrights,halftherewardshouldbemine.WinnerswillberewardedatriptoHewillsoonerorlaterberewardedforhiswicked【相关asarewardfor作为(对某事的)/奖赏inrewardof作为；为酬答……rewardsb.with...forsth.为某事而以……报答OldSamtookupthecleaningtaskoftheneighborhoodforfiveyearswithout A. 提示:此句要用rewards表示“报答；”； 指“”；results“结果”；prizes“奖金”。—$500,butthisismylast—OK,itis 提示:Itisadeal.就这么办,一言为定。setup【典型例句Theysetupacommitteetoinvestigatethe他们成立了一个来这件事Theschoolhassetupaspecialclasstohelppoor【相关setupsetup除了表示建立某个机构、设施外,还可用来表示“竖立；建起；贴出；装置；树立等”。TheysetupsomestonesaslandAnimprovisedtformwassetupinthemarketTheysetupanoticeonthewall.Microphonesweresetupinfrontofthespeaker’ssetup/build/foundWe’vesetupaThehouseisbuiltof注意:buildup表示“发展,增加”HisbusinesshasbeenbuiltWhenwasthenewcitysetaboutngsth.着手做某I’llsetaboutpreparingsupper．我去做晚饭。setout出发；开始；阐述；陈列Theysetouttoperformtheoperation．setoff动身；Aletterfromhomesetoffanattackofsetasidesetdown放下；记下Aspecialexpertteamhasalreadybeen tomakecloseresearchonthewildlifeanditsbuilt B.pickedC.setup D.takenup提示:setup表示“建立”。 thehobbyoffishingasachild.A.builtup B.setupC.kept D.took提示:tookup从事，；builtup发展,增大；setup建立；keptup保持。—Howdid —Myexperiencehelpsalot,infact.IhadlivedinPariswithmyauntfor2yearsbeforeIcametobuild B.pickC.set D.set提示:pickup表示“学会；偶然获得”。Everymorninghespends45 ngphysicalexercises hisbuildtakekeepset提示:buildup表示增强体质。In1927BenjaminFranklin oneofthefirstadulteducationorganizations,agroupcalledtheJunto. 提示:此处的意思是“创立,创新”,foundedfoundfind的过去式,表示“发现”;set后up可以用在此句中,表示“建立”。built表示建造、建设。答案【典型例句Onlyinthisway,canyoulearnEnglishOnlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometotheOnlychildrencantakethese【知识小结only修饰主语时,不要用倒装。Ifailedinthefinalexaminationlasttermandonly theimportanceofA.IIhadhadIdidI提示:onlythen放到第二个分句的句首,该分句用部分倒装句式。realize借助于助动词beto【典型例句Youarenottodothat.Youaretoreporttothe.你应该TheyaretogetmarriedinThisexperiencewastochangehisWesearchedeverywhere,buttheringwasnowheretobeIfitweretorain,wewouldhavetocancelthematchWeweretohavegoneawaylastweek,butIwas【知识小结(5)表示假设,非真实情况时,bewere形式。(6)was/weretohavedone结构可以表示未能实现的计划。Thedanceperformedbythedisabledactorsisreallyahit,butyearsagonoonecouldhaveimaginedthey suchgreatsuccess.weretoweretohaveweregoingtowere会取得那么大的成功。weretoachieve此处表示“不可改变运”。答案No thebuildingwithoutthepermissionofthetoisabouttoleaveD.isto提示:该句有“命令”语气；betodo可表示“命令”。再如:Youaretocomebefore2p.m.你一定要在下午两点以前来。答案 ng/bestoppedfrom Nothingcanstopme(from) ngwhatIwant.Childrenshouldnotbestoppedfromspeakingouttheirown【知识小结 ng中的from在主动语态中可省略,在语态中不可省【相关prevent和keep的意思与stop相同。prevent...from ng在主动语态中也可省略from,在语态中不可省。keep后面的from在两种情况下都不能省略from。例如:Yourquickreactionpreventedanaccident(from)你的快速反应了一场事故的发生Nothingcankeepmefromngthat.—Youshouldhaveattended ceremonyyesterday,whatwasit —Oh,myfatherwassuddenlyill,andIhadtosendhimtohospital.提示:stoppedstoppedyoufromattendingtheopeningceremonyThetouringpartywasstoppedsettingoffas答案:stopped后加4.not++than/no+【典型例句TheywerenoclevererthanmeThisnovelisnomoreinterestingthanthatone.＝NeitherthisnovelnorthatoneisThisnovelisnotmoreinterestingthanthatone.＝Thatnovelismoreinterestingthanthis【知识小结no++than对进行比较的双方都否定,意为“A并不比B……多少”。not++than表示前者不如后者……Dr. e thanyours.Ican,also,earnasmany dollarsanonotnonot提示:句意:医生,我的收入并不比你的要少多少,我也能够一个月挣5000。根据句答案do/did【典型例句Tomygreatjoy,thentdidlookexactlylikewhatwewerelookingHedoesworkhardandfinishthejobinDocomeandseeussome【知识小结在肯定句的谓语动词之前(通常是现在时和过去时的肯定句),do(does/did)来强在肯定的祈使句中,do来加强语气,可译成“务必,一定,千万”。—Youshouldhavereturnedthebooktothelibrary—ButI. Don’tyouknow? 提示:ButIdid.的意思是“但是我的确还了书”。DodropinmeagainnexttimeyoucometoBeijing, A.doyou B.don’tyouC.will D.won’t提示:这是一个肯定式的祈使句,反意疑问句是willyou。thefirsttime【典型例句IwasabitshythefirsttimeImetYou’dlikethepaintingthefirsttimeyousaw【相关表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句:theminute,themoment,everytime,thelastThemomenthereachedthecountry,hestartedhisEverytimeIsawthestrawhat,itremindedmeofthetourImadeyears每当我看到那顶草帽,它就使起几年前的那次旅游。 Iwrotealittlepoem,Iconfidentlyceditrightonmyfather’steonthediningroomThefirstAtItwasthefirstForthefirstthefirsttime引导时间状语从句。

定语从句when表示时间，在从句中作时间状语。例如：Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenweparted.(=onwhichweThetimewhentheyhadtoleavefinallyarrived.(=atwhichtheyhadtoGreatchangeshavetakenceinthecitywherehewasborn.(=inwhichhewasborn)Thatwasthecewheretheaccidenthappened.(=atwhichtheaccidenthappened)Doyouknowthereasonwhyitissohotthissummer?(=forwhichitissohotthissummer)Thereasonwhytheychangedthenisunknown.(=forwhichtheychangedthen)Iwastheonly inmyofficewhowasinvited.Thisisthebookforwhichyouasked.TheyreturnedtotheballroomwheretheydancedtolookforherWewenttoseeXiaoLi,whoseparentshadgoneabroad.Mywatch,whichisveryold,stoppedagain.Inthe1870’s,whenMarxwasalreadyinhisfifties,hebegantolearn号分开。而非限制性定语从句则不然。试比较：Thisisthebest rbookthatIhaveeverThisisagood rbook,whichiscommonandeasytoShehasasonwhostudiesin她有个 Shehasason,whostudiesinwhich或as引导。Jennywaslateagain,whichmadeherteacherangry.Thesportsmeetwasputoff,whichwehadn’texpected.②关系代词asHeisgoodatmaths,asw