名词性从句学案(语法精讲-主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)+经典习题(含答案)

名词性从句名词性从句（主语、表语、宾语、同位语从句）主语从句定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。

2．构成：关联词+简单句

3．引导主语从句的关联词有三类：

(1)从属连词that。如：Thattheywereintruthsisterswasclearfromthefacialresemblancebetweenthem.

很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。

(2)从属连词whether。如：

Whetherhe’llcomehereisn’tclear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。

(3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever

连接副词where,when,how,why。如：

Whatshedidisnotyetknown.她干了什么尚不清楚。

解释：

1．主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有：

A.It+be+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句。如：

Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。

B.It+be+名词词组(nowonder,anhonour,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc.)+that从句。如：

It’sapitythatwecan’tgo.很遗憾我们不能去。。

C.It+seem,happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如：

ItseemsthatAliceisnotcomingtothepartyatall.Alice似乎不来参加晚会。

D.It+doesn’tmatter(makesnodifference,etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如：

Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.她是否来这无关紧要。

F.当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：

Doesitmattermuchthattheywillnotcometomorrow?他们明天不来很要紧吗？

G.当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：

Howstrangeitisthatthechildrenaresoquiet!孩子们这么安静真奇怪！

2．注意连接代词whoever,whatever,whichever等引导主语从句的含义

Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.(whoever=thepersonwho)来的人将受到欢迎。表语从句1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。

2．构成：关联词+简单句

3．引导表语从句的关联词的种类：

(1)从属连词that。如：

ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。

(2)从属连词whether,as,asif。如：

Helookedjustashehadlookedtenyearsbefore.他看起来还与十年前一样。

注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但asif却可引导表语从句

能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be,seem,look等。如：

Itlookedasifitwasgoingtorain.看起来天要下雨了。

(3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever

连接副词where,when,how,why。

如：Thequestionishowhedidit.问题是他是如何做此事的。

解释：

1．连词because可引导表语从句。如：

Ithinkitisbecauseyouaredoingtoomuch.我想这是因为你做得太多。

2．在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如：

Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。注意：what引导“…….+is+what表语从句”，=“…….+is+先行词that……”，表示“.….是表语从句”例：Rawmaterialiswhatwearebadlyinneedof.=Rawmaterialisthethingthatwearebadlyinneedof.when、where、why、whether、how引导“…….+is+when、where、why、whether、how表语从句”，表示“.….是表语从句”例：That’swherewediffer.表语从句中只能用whether表示是否例：Thequestioniswhetherwecanfinishourworkbytomorrowmorning.that引导“…….+is/remain/look/seem/appear+that表语从句”，表示“.….是表语从句”例：What’stroublingmeisthatIdon’thavemuchexperienceinthisfield.主语是reason时，表语从句必须由that引出例：ThereasonIdon’tgotherewasthatIgotanewjob.asif/asthrough引导“……look/seem/appear/remain（系动词）+asif/asthrough表语从句”，表示“.….好像表语从句”例：Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.宾语从句1．定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。

2．构成：关联词+简单句

3．引导宾语从句的关联词有三类：

Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.

谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。

Wehaven'tyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.

到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。

Itisaquestionhowhedidit.

那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。解释：1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别that引导的同位语从句，that引导的定语从句功能上：that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。

that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。

意义上：从句是被修饰名词的内容。从句起限定作用，是定语

如：ThenewsthatMr.LiwillbeournewEnglishteacheristrue.(同位语从句，that不可省。)

李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。

2．一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省。如：

Thisisouronlyrequestthatthis(should)besettledassoonaspossible.

这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。

注意：that引导“fact/fear/news/message/word/story/question/problem/truth/hope/idea/promise/suggestion/belief/doubt/evidence（抽象名词）+that同位语从句+谓语+其他”例：Thenewsthatheintendedtocomegaveusmuchpleasure.若同位语从句较长，可将位于主句的谓语动词提前，将同位语从句置后例：Evidencecameupthatspecificspeechsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesasyoungas6monthsold.名词性从句专项练习1．____hedoeshasnothingtodowithme.A.whateverB.NomatterwhatC.ThatD.If2.Themanagercameoverandaskedthecustomerhow____A.didthequarrelcameaboutB.thequarrelhadcomeaboutC.hadthequarrelcomeaboutD.hadthequarrelcomeabout3.Energyis____makesthingwork..A.whatB.somethingC.anythingD.that4.Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as5.Thisis___theshenzhouVSpaceshiplanded.A.thereB.inwhichC.whereD.when6.Theyhavenoideaatall____.A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehashegoneD.wherehashegone7.Thedoctordidalottoreducethepatient’sfear____hewoulddieofthedisease.A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.ofthat8.Theordercame___thesoldiers____thesmallvillagethenextmorning.A.that;hadtoleaveB.that;shouldleaveC./;mustleaveD.when;shouldleave9.___isnopossibility____Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.A.There;thatB.It;thatC.there;whetherD.It;whether10.Thequestioncameupatthemeeting_____wehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.A.thatB.whichC.whetherD.if11.Is_____hesaidreallytrue?A.thatB.whatC.whyD.whether12.____themeetingshouldlasttwodaysorthreedaysdoesn’tmatter.A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Where13.Itworriedherabit_____herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.ifC.thatD.for14.???_____morecountriescanusenaturalenergyinthefutureremainstobeseen.A.WhetherB.ThisC.whoD.If15.____hewillgotoworkinamountainvillagesurprisesallofus.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhetherD.If16.____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoD.How17.____alltheinventionshaveincommonis____theyhavesucceeded.A.What;whatB.That;thatC.what;thatD.That;what18.____appearedtomethatheenjoyedthefoodverymuch.A.WhatB.ItC.AllthatD.That19.Itiswidely______thatsmokingcancausecancer.A.believedB.thinkC.sayD.hoped20.____causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.WhereKeys:1—5ABABC6—10AABAC11—15BBCAB16—20BCBAA１、（）______ofClassSixdowhattheycantohelptheorphanisknowntoeveryoneinourschool.AThestudentsBWhateverthestudentsCWhatthestudentsDThatthestudents2、（）______causedtheaccidentisstillacompletelymystery.AWhatBThatCHowDWhen3、（）Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis______mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.AwhenBhowCwhetherDwhy4、（）Thisis______theriverwaspolluted.AwhatBhowCthatDwhether5、（）Itsounds______thesituationisunlikelytoimprove.AasifBhowCasDsothat6、（）Thereisageneralfeelinginthem______theyaredissatisfiedwiththegameresulttheChinesefootballteamgot.AthatBwhichCofwhichDwhat7、（）Ihavenoidea______.AwhatdoesthissentencemeanBwhatthemeaningofthissentenceCwhatthissentencemeansDwhatisthemeaningofthissentence8、（）Idonotcare______itdoesnotraincatsanddogs.AwhetherBweatherCthatD/9、（）MissLinfelt______.AanhonourthatshewasateacherBthatshewasateacheranhonourCitanhonourwhethershewasateacherDitanhonourthatshewasateacher10、（）Theoldmantakesawalkeverymorning______itrains.AexceptBexceptthatCexceptforDexceptwhen巩固练习1、（）______reallyconcernedherwasthatherownsonlackedtoomanyhoursofsleepeveryday.AWhichBWhyCThatDWhat2、（）______haseyescansee______greatprogresswehavemaderecently.ANomatterwho;howBWhoever;whatCWho;whatDWho;how3、（）______surprisedmemostwasthesuddenchangeofhisattitude.AThatBWhichCWhatDIt4、（）______hehadnotlookedthedoorbeforeheleft.AThatoccurredtohimBHeoccurredthatCTohimitoccurredDItoccurredtohimthat5、（）______hasnotbeendecidedyet.AWhenameetingistakingplaceBWhenameetingwillbetakenplaceCWhenwillameetingtakeplaceDWhenameetingwilltakeplace6、（）______isnecessarytousallis______wemustknowwhatwearefitfor.AIt;whatBAs;whatCWhat;thatDIt;that7、（）Itisdoubtful______heknowsitornot.AwhetherBthatCifDwhat8、（）______weshallmakethetripdependson______muchmoneywehavegot.AThat;howBWhether;howCWhen;soDIf;how9、（）______wewillstarttheexperimentdependson______wecangetenoughmoney.AIf;whetherBWhether;whetherCWhether;thatDIf;that10、（）Hesaidthathewasnotinterestedinhavingacar,but______hecouldnotaffordone.AthefactthatBthefactthatwasCthefactwasthatDitwasthefact11、（）Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranunbrella.______Igotwetthrough.AItisreasonBThatiswhyCThereiswhyDItishow12、（）Theproblemis______ornotwecanfindtherightpersontodealwiththesituation.AwhyBhowCifDwhether13、（）Shanghaiisnolonger______itusedtobetwentyyearsago.AitBthatCwhatDwhich14、（）Atthenews______theirsteamhad______thegame,allthestudentswereexcited.Awhich;wonBthat;wonCthat;defeatedDwhat;defeated15、（）Thequestionsometimescomestomymind______itwasworththeeffort.AwhetherBifCifonlyDthat16、（）Oneofthemenheldtheview______thebooksaidwasright.AwhatthatBthatwhatCthatwhich