Unit+3+Celebrations+Lesson+1+Spring+Festival课件 【知识精讲精析】 高中英语北师大版（2019）必修第一册

Unit3Celebrations

Lesson1SpringFestivalCanyounamethesefestivals?Asthebrightmoonshinesoverthesea,Fromfarawayyousharethismomentwithme.海上生明月，天涯共此时。Mid-autumnFestivalButinthecrowdonceandagain,Ilookforherinvain,WhenallatonceIturnmyhead,Ifindhertherewherelanternlightisdimlyshed.众里寻他千百度，蓦然回首，那人却在灯火阑珊处。LanternFestivalTheCrepitationofFirecrackerssendsoffthelastyear,thespringwindbringswarmthintotheTuSuWine.爆竹声中一岁除，春风送暖入屠苏。SpringFestival春节ActivateandshareWhereandwithwhomdoyoucelebrateSpringFestival?ActivateandshareWhatdoyourfamilydobeforeandduringSpringFestival?PreparationbeforeSpringFestivalActivitiesduringSpringFestivalpreparesnacksputupdecorationsdoSpringFestivalshoppingdocleanuphaveafamilygatheringletofffireworkssendandgrabredpacketswatchSpringFestivalGalamakedumplingsActivateandshareWhatdoesSpringFestivalmeantoyou?Forexample:Forme,SpringFestivalmeansgoinghomeandreunion.ReadnotesfromtheauthorSpringFestivalisanimportanttraditioninChina.Ithasuniquemeaning.However,peoplemayunderstanditdifferently,includingthosefromothercultures.Herearethreereaders’accountstoourmagazine,whosharedtheirexperiencesandviewsaboutit.specialstoriesRead3people’sintroductionTomJenkinsa16-year-oldexchangestudentlivinginNanjingXuGanga28-year-oldcomputerengineerworkinginShanghaiLiYana70-year-oldgrandmotherfromHeilongjiangTelloutthedifferenceagecountryjobdifferentmeaningsMakepredictionsWhatmightSpringFestivalmeantothem?Belowarethegeneralideasofthreereaders’accountswithsomecontentmissing.Pleasereadthetextandfillintheblanks(onewordforeachblank).★Account1tellsushowChinesecelebrateSpringFestivalina(n)1.___________eyes.★Account2ismainlyaboutwhatXuGang,whoisworkinginanothercity,hasdoneorexperiencedonhis2.________andathomeduringSpringFestival.

★Account3tellsushoweageranoldcouplearetoseetheirchildrenandgrandchildrenandenjoyafamily3.________duringSpringFestival.foreigner’s

tripgatheringReadthethreereaders’accounts.UseafewwordstosummarisethemeaningofSpringFestivalforeachaccount.Giveyourreasons.ForTom,SpringFestivalmeansexcitementandalotoffun.ForXuGang,cominghomeandbeingwithhisentirefamilyaremostimportantpartsoftheSpringFestival.ForLiYan,SpringFestivalisfamilytime.ReadandunderlineTom’sexperiencesWhereandwithwhomPreparationsbeforeSpringFestivalActivitiesduringSpringFestivalFeelings/understandingsReadTom’saccountagainandfillintheblanks.ReaderWhoheisWhatheexperiencedHowhefeltTomJenkinsA16-year-old

1.__________________livinginNanjing★Peoplecleanedthehousefromtoptobottomto2.____________thedirtofthepastyear.★PeopleattachedtheChinesecharacterFu3._____________tothefrontdoortohopehappinesswouldcome.★Thegreatestexcitementwastolet4.________offacrossthecityto5.________themonsterNian.★Thefamilysattogethertoenjoyabig6.________onChineseNewYear’sEve.SpringFestivalishighlyvaluedbyeveryChinesefamily.exchangestudentsweepawayupsidedownfireworksscareawaydinnerRetellTom’saccountTomcelebratedSpringFestivalwith…BeforeSpringFestival,…DuringSpringFestival,…Fromhisexperiences,Iknowthathe…

ToTom,SpringFestivalmeant…TalkaboutSpringFestivalIfTomwereyourfriend,youtwoaretalkingaboutSpringFestival.Questions?Whereandwithwhom?What?Why?How?…HomeworkFindoutXuGang’sandLiYan’sexperiencesofSpringFestivalintheothertwoaccounts.(Ex.4P.54)P54--4Tom，XuGangandLiYan’saccountsTomXuGangLiYanWhereandwithwhomPreparationsbeforeSpringFestivalActivitiesduringSpringFestivalFeelingsUnderstandingsXuGangandLiYan’saccountsXuGangLiYanWhereandwithwhomatparents’homewithhisparentsathomewithherfamilyPreparationsbeforeSpringFestivalbooktrainticketsorflightsandselectgiftsforparents

getreadyforchildrencomingbackandpreparedishesActivitiesduringSpringFestivalchatwithhisparentsandhavehotpotchildrenrun/shout/play;

adultstalk/makejiaozitogetherFeelingseagertogohome;loveandcareabouthisfamilymissandloveherchildrenUnderstandingsgoinghomeandbeingtogetherwithhisfamilythejoyoffamilygatheringReaderWhoheisWhatheexperiencedHowhefeltXuGangA28-year-old7.______________workinginShanghai★Hehasto8.________trainticketsorflightsseveralweeksbeforeSpringFestival.★Hetakesgreatcareinchoosing9.______________forhisparents.★Eachtimehegetshomehisparentsalways10.________himinonwhat’sbeenhappeningduringtheyear.★Theyusuallyhavetasty11.________.12._____________andbeingwithhisentirefamilyisthemostimportantpartofSpringFputerengineerbookgifts/presentsfillhotpotCominghomeReaderWhosheisWhatsheexperiencedHowshefeltLiYanA70-year-oldgrandmotherfrom13._____________★14.________beforeSpringFestival,sheandherhusbandbegantopreparewhatchildrenliketoeat.★Theirhousebuzzeswith15.________wheneveryonecomeshomeduringthisoccasion.SpringFestivalforthemisallaboutthe16.________ofafamilygathering.HeilongjiangWeeks

activitiesjoyRetellXuGang’s&LiYan’saccountsXuGang/LiYanalwayscelebratesSpringFestivalwith…BeforeSpringFestival,he/she…Whenthefamilygettogether,…Fromhis/herexperiences,Iknowthathe/she…

ToXuGang/LiYan,SpringFestivalmeans…AppreciatelanguageFireworkswerebeingletoffacrossthecity,suddenlylightingupthenightsky.Childrenwerecoveringtheirearsbutwithanexpectantlookontheirfaces.ThemomentIgetonthetrain,IwassurroundedbyShanxiaccents.WhenIgethome,myparentswillfillmeinonwhat’sbeenhappening.Ourhousebuzzeswithactivitieswheneveryonecomeshome.Ourgrandchildrenrunaroundshoutingandplaying,andtheadultsgatheraroundthetabletotalkaboutthepastyear.VoiceyouropinionsDoyouagreewiththeeditor’sendingremarks评论?Why?Throughouthistory,someoftheoriginalcustomshavechanged,butthespiritofthefestival—thespiritoffamily—haslargelybeenkept.MostoftheimportantSpringFestivaltraditionsarestillbeingpracticedbypeopleacrossthecountry.P54-EX6.

Thinkandshare.WhatcanyouinferfromXuGang’sandLiYan’saccounts?WhatdoesitmeaninChineseculture?Familyreunionisthecentralthemeofbothaccounts.ThisshowstheimportanceoffamilyinChineseculture.P54EX7Completetheinformationwiththewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnt.TomJenkinsspenthisfirstSpringFestivalwithhishostfamily.Aweekbeforethefestival,thehostmotherMrsChenbeganpreparations.She1________thedirtofthehousefromtoptobottomtomakeitreadyforthenewyear.Shealso2__________theChinese3__________Fu4____________onthefrontdoortowelcomehappiness.TomalsolearntthatplayingfireworkswastoscareawaythemonsterNian.sweptattachedcharacterupsidedownXuGangusuallybookstheticketoftrainsor5__________forhistriphomeweeksbeforeSpringFestival.Whenhegetsonthetrain,heis6_____________byShanxi7__________.Whenhegetshome,hisparentsalways8___________whathappenedtothepeopleheknows.Beingwithhis9__________familyisthemostimportantpartofSpringFestivalforhim.flightssurroundedaccentsfillhiminonentireLiYanandherhusbandare10_________.Theystartpreparingfortheirfamily’sreturnweeksbeforeSpringFestival.Wheneveryonegetshome,theirhouse11________withactivities.Oneoftheirfavouritefamilytraditionsistomakejiaozi.Familybeingtogetherisoneofthe12__________ofSpringFestivalthroughouthistory.retiredbuzzesspiritattachedcharactersurroundedjoymomenthostexchangedtraditioncustomSpringFestivalishighlyvaluedbyeveryChinesefamily.Preparationsbeginaweekbeforethefestival.First,thehouseiscleanedfromtoptobottom.Thisistosweepawaythedirtofthepastyearandgetreadyforthenewyear.Next,theChinesecharacterFuisattachedupsidedowntoourfrontdoor.ItisbelievedthatwhenFuisputupsidedown,happinessarrives.ThegreatestexcitementbeginsthenightbeforeSpringFestival.Fireworksareletoffacrossthecity,suddenlylightingupthenightsky.Childrencovertheirearsbutwithanexpectantlookontheirfaces.Itistoscareawaythemonsternian.Thenwesittogethertoenjoyabigdinner,wishingeveryoneahappynewyear.SpringFestivalishighlyvaluedbyeveryChinesefamily.

Preparationsbeginaweekbeforethefestival.First,thehouseiscleanedfromtoptobottom.Thisistosweepawaythedirtofthepastyearandgetreadyforthenewyear.Next,theChinesecharacterFuisattachedupsidedowntoourfrontdoor.ItisbelievedthatwhenFuisputupsidedown,happinessarrives.ThegreatestexcitementbeginsthenightbeforeSpringFestival.Fireworksareletoffacrossthecity,suddenlylightingupthenightsky.Childrencovertheirearsbutwithanexpectantlookontheirfaces.Itistoscareawaythemonsternian.Thenwesittogethertoenjoyabigdinner,wishingeveryoneahappynewyear.受到高度重视从上到下地打扫清除准备上下颠倒粘贴据说福字山下颠倒粘贴时，幸福会来临烟花在整个城市上空燃放脸上一副期待地表情吓跑PassivevoiceLookandfindthesubject,theactionsandtheobjects.Theboyknockedoverthecupandspilledhisjuiceontherug.subjectactionsobjectsThecupwasknockedoverandthejuicewasspilledontherugbytheboy.Passivesentence:被动语态被动语态：表示主语是谓语动作的承受者Theclassroomiscleaned(byus)everyday.被动语态语态主动语态：表示主语是谓语动作的执行者

Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.在下列情况下使用被动语态：不知道也不需要知道谁做的这件事：

egItisbelievedthatwhenFuisputupsidedown…“动作执行者”显而易见：

egThehousewascleanedfromtoptobottom.动作本身比“动作执行者”更重要，或不想说谁做的这件事：

egThespiritofthefestival–thespiritoffamily–haslargelybeenkept.在书面语中，特别是在科技报告和新闻报道中，被动语态比主动语态更正式：

egEverycountrywasallowedtodesigntheirownEurocoinswhichcouldbeusedinanyoftheparticipatingcountries.TheinternationalSpaceStationhasbeenbuiltintheEarth’sorbit.LearnthestructureofpassivevoiceBasicformofpassivevoice?be+donedifferenttensesunchangedLearnthestructureofpassivevoiceTensePassiveformPresentsimplePastsimplePresentcontinuousPastcontinuousPresentperfectPastperfectFuturesimplePastfuture一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时一般过去时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时am/is/are+doneam/is/arebeing+donehave/hasbeen+donewas/were+donewas/werebeing+donewillbe+donewouldbe+done过去完成时hadbeen+doneHighlightthestructureofpassivevoice

(Ex.8P.54)Thehousewascleanedfromtoptobottom.ItisbelievedthatwhenFuisputupsidedown,happinessarrives.Trainticketsorflightshavetobebookedasearlyaspossible.Thespiritofthefestival—thespiritoffamily—haslargelybeenkept.EX9Chooseaproperoptionofeachsituation.Explainwhy.1MyfriendGeorgedrawslandscapepictures._______aHesellsthemformoney.bTheyaresoldbyhimformoney.aWhatGeorgedoesismoreimportantthanthepicturesinthesentences,so“he”isputinthestartingpointofthesecondsentence.2There’ssomebodybehindus._______aIthinkwe’rebeingfollowed.bIthinksomeoneisfollowingus.a“We”inthestartingpointofthesentencehasbettereffectofshowingthedangeroussituation.Itmatterslesstoknowwhoisfollowingus.3Thisorangejuicetastesawful._______aIthinksomeonehasleftitoutsidethefridgeforalongtime.bIthinkit’sbeenleftoutsidethefridgeforalongtime.b“It”inthestartingpointoftheclauseshowsthatwhathappenedtothejuiceismorecloselyrelatedtothetasteofthejuice.Itislessimportanttoknowwhodiditbecausesuchinformationwouldnotchangethefactabouttaste.4Tommytakesgoodcareofhiscar._______aHewashesthecareveryweek.bThecariswashedbyhimeveryweek.a“He”inthestartingpointofthesentencebettersupportstheideastatedinthefirstsentence.What“he”does,notwhatthecarislikeshowshiscareforthecar.5Theoldladyrentedanoldhouse.______aSomebodybuiltitin1990.bItwasbuiltin1900.b“It”inthestartingpointofthesentencedrawsmoreattentiontothehouse,notwhobuiltit,andbettersupportsthequalityofthehouse,“old”.在使用被动语态时，应注意以下几个问题：1.

一些表示状态的及物动词（短语）没有被动语态。常见的这类动词（短语）有：have,hold,cost,equal,join,mean,wish,own,suit,fit,agreewith,belongto,looklike等。

egThisbighallbuiltlastyearcanholdabout3,000people.Thehousecostshim35,000dollars.Thebookbelongs

tome.2.

当动词look,smell,sound,feel,taste等用作系动词时，不能用于被动语态，但是可以表示被动意义。

egTheflowersinthegardensmellsweet.Thefoodtheretastesnice.3.

某些可以和well,easily等副词连用的不及物动词，如：read,write,sell,wear,burn等，如果用来表示主语的属性、特征，不用被动语态也可以表被动意义。试比较：

egTheclotheswash

well.(表属性、特征)

这些衣服很好洗。

Theclotheswerewashedlastweek.(表动作)

这些衣服上周被洗过了。4.

某些与can’t,won’t

等连用的不及物动词，如move,lock,shut,open等，可以用主动形式表被动意义。

egThedoorwon’tshut.Thenewdoorwon’tlockeasily.5.

当need,want,require等谓语动词前的主语与其后的非谓语动词构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，

非谓语动词可以用不定式的被动式，也可以用动词-ing形式的主动式表被动含义。

egThehouseneededpainting

.The

houseneedtobepainted.Theflowerswantwatering

everyday.Theflowerswanttobewateredeveryday.6.

形容词worth后接动词-ing形式的主动式表被动含义。

egThebook

JaneEyre

iswellworthreading.7.

某些表示“发生(happen

/takeplace)”、“爆发(breakout)”和“传播(spread)”的不及物动词，没有被动语态。

egGreatchangeshavetakenplaceinourcountrysince1998.8.

一般来说，只有及物动词才有被动语态，但有些短语动词相当于及物动词，可以有被动语态，此时的短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，变为被动语态时不可去掉任何部分。

egThe

price

has

been

brought

down.The

children

must

be

taken

good

care

of.注意：当短语动词中有中心名词，且是动宾关系，也可将这类短语动词本身的名词用作主语，构成被动语态。egMore

attention

should

be

paid

to

English.

9.

使役动词have,make等以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel等后接不定式作补足语时，主动结构中如用不带to的不定式，被动结构则用带to的不定式。

egIoftenseetheoldwomannextdoorcookmeals.=Theoldwomannextdoorisoftenseentocookmeals.Isawtheteachergointotheclassroom.=Theteacherwasseentogointotheclassroom.Readthenewsreport.Rewritetheunderlinedsectionsinpassivevoice.(1)TheLanternShowinDatong,ahistoriccityinnorthernChina,isattractingtensofthousandsofvisitorsduringtheSpringFestivalholiday.TheLanternShowexhibitsover60seriesoflanterns,amongwhich12areicelanterns.ThousandsofvisitorsarebeingattractedbytheLanternShowinDatong,ahistoriccityinnorthernChina,duringtheSpringFestivalholiday.展览(Ex.10P.55)(2)Peoplemixtraditionallanternswithicelanternstocreateaspecialandhappyatmosphere.TheshowusuallystartsfromthefifthdayofSpringFestival.BesidestheLanternShow,peoplecanalsoenjoymanyotheractivities,includingtraditionaloperasandlanternriddleguessinggames.Traditionallanternsandicelanternsweremixedtocreateaspecialandhappyatmosphere.气氛

(3)Lastyear,thegovernmentrebuilttheancientwallsinthiscityand(4)thisyear,thegovernmentorganisedtheLanternShowundertheancientwallsforthefirsttime.Thenewlybuiltancientwallshavenowbecomeacallingcardforthecity.Theancientwallsinthiscitywererebuiltbythegovernment.TheLanternShowwasorganisedbythegovernmentundertheancientwallsforthefirsttimethisyear.Officialssaythatover80,000peoplevisitedtheshowonthefirstday.(5)Theyexpectmorepeopletovisitinthecomingdays.TheLanternShowendson16February.Morepeopleareexpectedtovisitinthecomingdays.Ⅰ.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Thecomputerneeds______________________(repair)atonce.2.Moreandmoregreenfruitandvegetables_____________(sell)inthemarketnow.3.Iwon'tplayfootballuntilmyhomework___________(finish).repairing/toberepaired

arebeingsold

isfinished4.What__________(give)tothevillageschoolasapresentlastmonth?5.Ibelievethatthosemountains_______________(cover)withtreesinafewyears.6.Theboyoftenmakeshissister________(cry),butyesterdayhewasmade________(cry)byhissister.wasgivenwillbecovered

crytocry7.Themilk________(taste)strange.Doyouthinkit'sOKtodrink?8.Itwassaidatleast180men________________(kill)duringthenight.tastes

hadbeenkilledII.

用所学知识完成下面短文。Mybrother’scar1.________(hit)byanothercarlastweek.Afterthepoliceofficerarrived,bothdrivers2.___________(give)ticketsfornotstoppingatastopsign.Mybrothersenthiscartoarepairshopaftertheaccident.Unfortunately,themechanicdoesn’thavethepartsheneedstofixthecarandthecar3.

______________(repair)nextweek.Luckily,mybrotherhasgoodinsurance.Hewon’thavetopaymuc