2022-2023学年陕西省咸阳市武功县高三第一次质量检测英语试题

武功县2023届高三第一次质量检测英语试题注意事项:1.本试题共10页,满分150分,时间120分钟。2.答卷前,务必将答题卡上密封线内的各项目填写清楚。3.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后,监考员将答题卡按顺序收回,装袋整理;试题不回收。第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题,每小题分,满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthewoman’sfeelingnow?A.Relief.B.Regret.C.Embarrassment.2.WhatisHelengoingtodo?A.Buysomebooks.B.Attendahistoryclass.C.Studyinthelibrary.3.Howdidthewomangettoworkyesterday?A.Onfoot.B.Bycar.C.Bybus.4.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Tobookaroom.B.Tomakeacomplaint.C.Tobuyasandwich.5.Whattimedoesthelecturestart?A.At8:30.B.At9:00.C.At10:00.第二节(共15小题,每小题分,满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.WhywasMr.Kimabsentfromthismorning’smeeting?A.Hewasill.B.Hewasonbusiness.C.Hewaslateforwork.7.Howmanypeopleattendedthismorning’smeeting?A.Seven.B.Eight.C.Fifteen.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atanairport.B.Athome.C.Atarestaurant.9.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithabouttheflight?A.Theservice.B.Themovie.C.Thefood.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutbuyingforeignbrands?A.NothingcanbeataniPhone.B.It’sbettertosupportlocalcompanies.C.Foreigncompaniesmakebetterproducts.11.Whichbranddoesthewomanlikebest?A.Lenovo.B.Samsung.C.Apple.12.Whatkindofjobdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Phonesalesman.B.Softwareengineer.C.Universityprofessor.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthemandoing?A.Watchingagame.B.Repairingthefridge.C.Preparingsomefood.14.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman’splan?A.Doubtful.B.Satisfied.C.Interested.15Howmanyyearshasitprobablybeensincethemanplayedbasketball?A.About15.B.About25.C.About40.16.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Loseweight.B.Findatrainer.C.Haveacheck-up.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whatistheweatherlikeinthesoutheastofthecountry?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Dry.18.Whatwillthehighesttemperaturebeinthenorth?A.26℃.B.25℃.C.23℃.19.Inwhichpartarethetemperaturesabouttheaveragefortheseasonduringtheday?A.Thesoutheast.B.Thenorth.C.Thesouth.20.What’stheweatherliketomorrow?A.Itwillbesunnyinthenorth.B.Temperaturewilldropalotinthesouth.C.Itwillchangealotinthesouth.第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AEveryyear,thebiggestandthebestgardendesignersgettogethertocreatetheChelseaFlowerShow,providinginspiration,trendsettingideasandaglimpseofhowourgardensmightlooknextyear.OnTrend:GreengardenSustainablegardenshavebecomeabigtrendinourtownsandcities.JoeSwiftinspiredgardenerswithhisgold-winningdesignfortheHomebaseTeenageCancerTrustthatfeatureddrought-buster(治理)architecturalplanting.Itcouldcopewitheventhedriestconditionstypicallyfoundinplaceswherewaterisprecious.Hislargepoolsofwaterhadacoolingeffectonpeopleandplants.OnTrend:Space-savingHerbsTheBrewinDolphingardendesignedbyCleveWestandSteveSwattonfollowedtheArtsandCrafttradition,showingthebeautifulstronglinesofneatlybeech(山毛榉)amongitssoftherbsplanting.Itprovedtobeastylethathasnevergoneoutoffashion.Youdon’tneedalargegardentohaveapieceoftopiary(树木造型).Theseevergreens,whichcanbeboxedorgrowninpots,areeasytocutintoshapes,suchasballs,cubesandpyramids.OnTrend:Rhododendrons(杜鹃花)WoodlandChrisBeardshaw’sgold-winningdesignwaspackedwithrhododendronswoodlandbushes.Itpaidtribute(致敬)toFurzeyGardensinHampshire,whichcelebratesits100thanniversarythisyear.Rhododendronsmightnotbethetrendiestchoicebuttheydeserveacomeback.OnTrend:DroughtBusterTheHerbertSmithgardenforWaterAidwasinspiredbytheworkofthecharityandthetransformingpowerofcleanwater.Usingwaterwiselyistoday’sissue,soinvestinwaterbutts(积水桶)tocollectrainwaterandgatherwastewaterfrombaths,sinksandwashingmachines.1.Whocaninspirethosehavingagardenwithlimitedspace?A.JoeSwift. B.CleveWestandSteveSwatton. C.ChrisBeardshaw. D.HerbertSmith.2.WhatdoesFurzeyGardensfeature?A.Largepools. B.Rhododendronswoodland. C.Evergreensinshapes. D.Cleanwatertransforming.3.WhatdothedesignsofJoeSwiftandHerbertSmithhaveincommon?A.Theyarethetrendiestchoices. B.Theyaregold-winningdesigns.C.Theypromotedthebalanceofenvironment. D.Theyattachgreatimportancetosavingwater.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了每年，最大的和最好的切尔西花展，并让大家一瞥花园明年可能是什么样子。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据OnTrend:Space-savingHerbs中“TheBrewinDolphingardendesignedbyCleveWestandSteveSwattonfollowedtheArtsandCrafttradition,(由CleveWest和SteveSwatton设计的BrewinDolphin花园遵循了艺术和工艺的传统，)”以及“Youdon’tneedalargegardentohaveapieceoftopiary(树木造型).Theseevergreens,whichcanbeboxedorgrowninpots,areeasytocutintoshapes,suchasballs,cubesandpyramids.(你不需要一个大花园就能有一片修剪的植物。这些常青树可以装在盒子里，也可以种在花盆里，很容易切割成球状、立方体和金字塔的形状。)”可知，CleveWest和SteveSwatton能启发那些拥有一个有限空间的花园的人。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据OnTrend:Rhododendrons(杜鹃花)Woodland中“ChrisBeardshaw’sgold-winningdesignwaspackedwithrhododendronswoodlandbushes.Itpaidtribute(致敬)toFurzeyGardensinHampshire,whichcelebratesits100thanniversarythisyear.(克里斯·比尔德肖的金奖设计充满了杜鹃花丛林。它向汉普郡的Furzey花园致敬，今年是Furzey花园建园100周年。)”可知，Furzey花园特性是杜鹃花丛林。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据OnTrend:Greengarden中“JoeSwiftinspiredgardenerswithhisgold-winningdesignfortheHomebaseTeenageCancerTrustthatfeatureddrought-buster(治理)architecturalplanting.Itcouldcopewitheventhedriestconditionstypicallyfoundinplaceswherewaterisprecious.(乔·斯威夫特(JoeSwift)为Homebase青少年癌症信托基金会(HomebaseTeenageCancerTrust)设计的以抗旱建筑种植为特色的获奖设计激发了园丁们的灵感。它甚至可以应对水珍贵地区最干燥的环境。)”以及OnTrend:DroughtBuster中“TheHerbertSmithgardenforWaterAidwasinspiredbytheworkofthecharityandthetransformingpowerofcleanwater.(“水援助”的赫伯特·史密斯花园的灵感来自于该慈善机构的工作和清洁水的转变力量。)”可知，乔·斯威夫特和赫伯特·史密斯的设计有共同点是他们非常重视节约用水。故选D。BOneofthegreatestcontributorstothefirstOxfordEnglishDictionarywasalsooneofitsmostunusual.In1879,OxfordUniversityinEnglandaskedProf.JamesMurraytoserveaseditorforwhatwastobethemostambitiousdictionaryinthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.ItwouldincludeeveryEnglishwordpossibleandwouldgivenotonlythedefinitionbutalsothehistoryofthewordandquotationsshowinghowitwasused.Thiswasahugetask,soMurrayhadtofindvolunteersfromBritain,theUnitedStates,andtheBritishcoloniestosearcheverynewspaper,magazine,andbookeverwritteninEnglish.Hundredsofvolunteersresponded,includingWilliamChesterMinor.Dr.MinorwasanAmericansurgeonwhohadservedintheCivilWarandwasnowlivinginEngland.Hegavehisaddressas“Broadmoor,Crowthorne,Berkshire,”50milesfromOxford.MinorjoinedthearmyofvolunteerssendingwordsandquotationstoMurray.Overthenext17years,hebecameoneofthestaff’smostvaluedcontributors.Buthewasalsoamystery.Inspiteofmanyinvitations,hewouldalwaysdeclinetovisitOxford.Soin1897,MurrayfinallydecidedtotraveltoCrowthornehimself.Whenhearrived,hefoundMinorlockedinabook-linedcellattheBroadmoorAsylumfortheCriminallyInsane.MurrayandMinorbecamefriends,sharingtheirloveofwords.Minorcontinuedcontributingtothedictionary,sendinginmorethan10,000submissionsin20years.MurraycontinuedtovisitMinorregularly,sometimestakingwalkswithhimaroundtheasylumgrounds.In1910,MinorleftBroadmoorforanasyluminhisnativeAmerica.Murraywasattheporttowavegoodbyetohisremarkablefriend.Minordiedin1920,sevenyearsbeforethefirsteditionoftheOxfordEnglishDictionarywascompleted.The12volumesdefined414,825words,andthousandsofthemwerecontributionsfromaveryscholarlyanddevotedasylumpatient.4.Accordingtothetext,thefirstOxfordEnglishDictionary_________.A.cameoutbeforeMinordiedB.waseditedbyanAmericanvolunteerC.includedtheEnglishwordsinventedbyMurrayD.wasintendedtobethemostambitiousEnglishdictionary5.HowdidDr.Minorcontributetothedictionary?A.HehelpedMurraytofindhundredsofvolunteers.B.HesentnewspapersmagazinesandbookstoMurray.C.Heprovidedagreatnumberofwordsandquotations.D.HewenttoEnglandtoworkwithMurray.6.WhydidDr.MinorrefusetovisitOxford?A.Hewasshutinanasylum. B.Hedislikedtraveling.C.Hewasbusywritingabook. D.HelivedfarfromOxford.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDr.Minor?A.Cautiousandfriendly. B.Unusualandscholarly.C.Friendlyanddetermined. D.Considerateandoptimistic.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了著名志愿者编辑Minor对第一版《牛津英语词典》的编撰做出巨大贡献的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“In1879,OxfordUniversityinEnglandaskedProf.JamesMurraytoserveaseditorforwhatwastobethemostambitiousdictionaryinthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.(1879年，英国牛津大学要求詹姆斯·默里教授担任英语史上最有雄心壮志的词典的编辑)”可知，第一版牛津英语词典被认为是最有雄心壮志的英语词典。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“MinorjoinedthearmyofvolunteerssendingwordsandquotationstoMurray.(Minor加入了向Murray寄单词和引语的志愿者大军)”以及倒数第二段“Minorcontinuedcontributingtothedictionary,sendinginmorethan10,000submissionsin20years.(Minor继续为词典做出贡献，在20年内寄了超过10000份投稿)”可知，通过提供大量的单词和引语，Minor为编纂词典做出贡献。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Whenhearrived,hefoundMinorlockedinabook-linedcellattheBroadmoorAsylumfortheCriminallyInsane.(当他到达时，他发现Minor被锁在Broadmoor精神病罪犯庇护中心的一间排着书的牢房里)”可知，Minor被关在精神病罪犯庇护中心，无法离开，所以他拒绝访问牛津。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“OneofthegreatestcontributorstothefirstOxfordEnglishDictionarywasalsooneofitsmostunusual.(第一本《牛津英语词典》的最大贡献者之一也是最不寻常的作者之一)”以及最后一段“The12volumesdefined414,825words,andthousandsofthemwerecontributionsfromaveryscholarlyanddevotedasylumpatient.(这12卷共定义了414825个单词，其中数千个来自一位非常有学术性和献身精神的庇护患者)”可知，Minor是一位非常有学术性和献身精神的庇护患者，为牛津英语词典提供了数千个单词，所以Minor是不寻常的和有学问的。故选B项。CKidsalwayshavemanydoubtslike:whydopeoplehavetodie?Aremistakesalwaysbad?Canyoubehappyandsadatthesametime?Childrenoftensaythattheylieawakeatnightthinkingaboutthingslikewhytheworldhasthecolorsasitdoes,thenatureoftimeandwhetherdreamarereal.ThesearenotthekindsofquestionsthatcanbeansweredbygooglingthemoraskingSiri.Whenchildrenraisethesequestions,adultstendtorespondwithexplanationsthattrytoresolvetheissue,atleasttemporarily.It’snaturaltoattempttocomfortakidwhoisfeelingpuzzledbytheworld.Butsimpleexplanationsmaynotbewhatthechildwants.Sometimes,kidssimplywanttotalkabouttheirquestionsandthoughts.Mostkidsstartwonderingaboutbigquestionsalmostassoonastheylearntospeak,andtheycontinuetothinkaboutthemthroughoutchildhood.Beingfullofcuriosityaboutthingsthatmostadultstakeforgranted,childrenallovertheworldarewideopentothemysteriesinhumanlife.Butastheygetolder,kidsaskquestionslessandless.Whilechildrendoneedadulthelpandguidance,parentsdon’talwayshavetobeinpositionoftheexpertsprovidingtheanswers.Thinkingwithchildrenabouttheirbiggerquestionscanmakewayforamoremutualkindofinteractions.Becausethesekindsofquestionstendnottohavesettledandfinalanswers,discussionsaboutthemallowparentsandchildrentowondertogether.Inthisway,adultsfeellesspressuretobetheexperts.Mostofchildrenhavefewlong-heldassumptionsaboutbiggerquestions.Kidsoftensuggestoriginalandcreativewaysoflookingatthem.Talkingwithkidsaboutwhattheyarethinkingwithoutalwaysfeelingcompelledtoofferanswerscanhelpthemexploretheirownconcernsandideas.8.Howwilladultsprobablyreactwhenkidsaskquestionsaccordingtothetext?A.Attempttoraisetheircuriosity. B.HelpsurftheInternetforanswers.C.Givethemsimpleexplanations. D.Praisetheircourageandbravery.9.Whatcanwelearnaboutkids’askingquestionsfromparagraph3?A.Itneedsadults’guidance.B.Itstartsfromaveryyoungage.C.Ithelpsimprovetheiracademicperformance.D.Itmakesadifferencetotheirspeech.10.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“compelled”inthelastparagraph?A.Respected. B.Forced. C.Inspired. D.Convinced.11.Whatdoesthetextmainlydiscuss?A.Whychildrenaskbigquestions. B.Whenparentsjoininkids’questions.C.Howparentshandlekids’questions. D.Whatkindsofquestionschildrenraise.【答案】8.C9.B10.B11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了父母如何处理孩子的问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Whenchildrenraisethesequestions,adultstendtorespondwithexplanationsthattrytoresolvetheissue,atleasttemporarily.(当孩子们提出这些问题时，成年人往往会给出试图解决问题的解释，至少是暂时的)”和“Butsimpleexplanationsmaynotbewhatthechildwants.(但简单的解释可能不是孩子想要的)”可知，当孩子们提问时，成年人可能会给孩子们简单的解释。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Mostkidsstartwonderingaboutbigquestionsalmostassoonastheylearntospeak,andtheycontinuetothinkaboutthemthroughoutchildhood.(大多数孩子几乎一学会说话就开始思考重大问题，他们在整个童年都在思考这些问题)”根据第三段“Butastheygetolder,kidsaskquestionslessandless.”（但随着年龄的增长，孩子们问的问题越来越少）可知，孩子们从很小的时候就开始提问了。故选B项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。由第二段中的“Whenchildrenraisethesequestions,adultstendtorespondwithexplanationsthattrytoresolvetheissue,atleasttemporarily.(当孩子们提出这些问题时，成年人往往会给出试图解决问题的解释，至少是暂时的)”和最后一段中的“Talkingwithkidsaboutwhattheyarethinkingwithoutalwaysfeelingcompelledtoofferanswerscanhelpthemexploretheirownconcernsandideas.(与孩子们谈论他们在想什么，而不是总是compelled给出答案，可以帮助他们探索自己的担忧和想法)”可知，孩子们提问，家长们往往是不得不（被迫）给出解释答案，但作者建议与其被迫给出答案，还不如与孩子谈谈他们心中所想，compelled在此处意为“迫使（Forced）”。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。由倒是第二段中的“Whilechildrendoneedadulthelpandguidance,parentsdon’talwayshavetobeinpositionoftheexpertsprovidingtheanswers.Thinkingwithchildrenabouttheirbiggerquestionscanmakewayforamoremutualkindofinteractions.(虽然孩子们确实需要成人的帮助和指导，但家长们并不一定要站在专家的立场上提供答案。与孩子们一起思考他们更大的问题，可以为更相互的互动让路)”和最后一段中的“Talkingwithkidsaboutwhattheyarethinkingwithoutalwaysfeelingcompelledtoofferanswerscanhelpthemexploretheirownconcernsandideas.(与孩子们谈论他们在想什么，而不是总是被迫给出答案，可以帮助他们探索自己的担忧和想法)”可知，全文针对孩子提问一事，作者给出了建议：与其被迫给出答案，还不如与孩子谈谈他们心中所想，文章主要讨论了父母如何处理孩子的问题。故选C项。DCoacheshavealwaystakenintoaccounttheconditionofplayerswhenschedulingtrainingsessions.Nowwiththehelpofartificialintelligence,theycancalculatemorepreciselytheprobabilitythatindividualathleteswillgetinjuredduringthenextmatch,thenextweekorthenextmonth.“Wefollowateamforanentireseason,recordingGPSdataduringtrainingandmatches,”Rossiexplains.Hethenusesmachinelearningtotrytodetectpatterns.“Thisgivesustheprobabilitythataplayerwillgetinjuredinthenextdaysornextweeks.”Thesedatarevealanathlete’sworkload—howoftentheytrainandhowintensely.Justenoughtrainingcanpavethewaytomedals,buttoomuchputspressureonthebodyandcanleadtoinjuries.Sportisgraduallyenteringanewera,inwhichartificialintelligencemightactasanassistantcoach.Algorithms(算法)couldenableateenagertotrainsmarterandavoidacareer-endinginjury,orhelpaprofessionalathletetocompeteforafewyearslonger.Butthetechnology’ssuccessdepends,inpart,ontheabilityofscientiststoconvincecoachestoincludedataintheirdecisionprocess.TheteamsthatMcHughhasworkedwithhaveseenareductionininjuriesofbetween5%and40%.YetnoteverycoachishappytojoinforceswithAI.“Coachessometimesdon’tfeelgood,becauseitseemsliketryingtosubstitutethehumanelement,”Rossisays.Butinreality,dataisonlyatool.“Theinterpretationoftheresults,thechangeofthetrainingload,isdonebycoaches,”hesays.McHughagreesthatpeoplehavetomakethefinalcall.“Oncetheinjuryprobabilityforanathleteonagivendayisoutputfromaninjurymodel,theathleteorcoachmustthendecidewhetherthepredictedriskisacceptableornot,usuallydependingonthecontext,”hesays.Theremightbeabiggamethatday,andthelayermightbeespeciallyimportanttothelearn.“Eventhoughthepredictedinjuryprobabilitybeashighas70%,thecocomaybewillingtotakethatchance,”hesays.12.WhatcanbelearnedaboutGPSdata?A.GPSdatadecideathletes’workload.B.GPSdataarecollectedduringthefinalmatch.C.GPSdatausemachinelearningtodetectpatterns.D.GPSdataprovideusefulinformationfortrainingathletes.13.Whatmakesthetechnology’ssuccesspossibleaccordingtothetext?A.Athletes’trainingtime. B.Coaches’acceptance.C.Scientists’judgement. D.Dataaccuracy.14.Whatdoesthelastparagraphintendtotellus?A.AIinsportshasabrightfuture. B.AIhasadvantagesoverpeople.C.AIwilltaketheplaceofcoaches. D.Itispeoplewhomakethefinaldecision.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.CoachesorAI B.AI,theFutureCoachC.AthletesDoWonders D.PredictingInjurieswithTech【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。体育正在逐渐进入一个新的时代，人工智能可能会成为助理教练，GPS数据可以精确地计算运动员在未来几天或几周内受伤的可能性，但是最终的关键是该技术须得得到教练们的认可，这个技术才可能被运用。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Nowwiththehelpofartificialintelligence,theycancalculatemorepreciselytheprobabilitythatindividualathleteswillgetinjuredduringthenextmatch,thenextweekorthenextmonth.(现在，在人工智能的帮助下，他们可以更精确地计算运动员在下一场比赛、下一周或下个月受伤的概率。)”，以及第三段“Thesedatarevealanathlete’sworkload—howoftentheytrainandhowintensely.Justenoughtrainingcanpavethewaytomedals,buttoomuchputspressureonthebodyandcanleadtoinjuries.(这些数据揭示了运动员的工作负荷——他们训练的频率和强度。适量的训练可以为获得奖牌铺平道路，但过多的训练会给身体带来压力，并可能导致受伤。)”可知，GPS数据提供的信息，可以使运动员及时调整运动的负荷，减少受伤概率。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Butthetechnology'ssuccessdepends,inpart,ontheabilityofscientiststoconvincecoachestoincludedataintheirdecisionprocess.(但这项技术的成功在一定程度上取决于科学家的说服教练在决策过程中纳入数据的能力。)”可知，GPS技术要在体育运动中成功使用，得有教练的认可。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“McHughagreesthatpeoplehavetomakethefinalcall.(麦克休同意：人们必须做最后的决定。)”，以及最后一句“‘Eventhoughthepredictedinjuryprobabilitybeashighas70%,thecoachesmaybewillingtotakethatchance,’hesays.(他说，尽管预测的受伤概率高达70%，但教练们可能愿意冒这个险。)”，可推知，尽管人工智能可以提供有用的信息，但最终会不会参考这个数据，关键还得看教练们怎么决定。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Nowwiththehelpofartificialintelligence,theycancalculatemorepreciselytheprobabilitythatindividualathleteswillgetinjuredduringthenextmatch,thenextweekorthenextmonth.(现在，在人工智能的帮助下，他们可以更精确地计算运动员在下一场比赛、下一周或下个月受伤的概率。)”可知，本文介绍了人工智能在运动项目中运用，可以预测运动员受伤概率，从而促进运动员合理训练，减少运动员的受伤率。D项“PredictingInjurieswithTech(用科技预测伤害)”与本文内容贴合，适合作本文标题。故选D项。第二节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheBestSleepingPositionsforImprovingYourHealthMostofusspendbetween6and8hoursasleepeverynight,soitmakessensethatthepositionwelieinduringthisperiodcanhaveabigeffectonourhealth.___16___,andwhichonesshouldwetrytoavoid?LieonthestomachBelieveitornot,thisistheworstpositiontosleepin.Lyingthiswaynightafternightcancauseachesandpainsasyourspine(脊柱)isnotinanaturalposition.Itisalsonotgoodforpossiblewrinkles.___17___.Theonlygoodfactorforsleepingonyourstomachisthatitcandecreasesnoring(打鼾).___18___Sleepingonyoursideisoverallaprettygoodpositionhealth-wise.Itkeepsyourspineinanaturalpositionwhichisgreatforpreventingneckandbackpain.Itcanimproveheartcirculationandbloodflow,anditcanalsoreduceacidreflux(逆流).Sothispositionisspeciallyrecommendedtopregnantwomen,particularlyiftheylieontheirleftsides.___19___.Sleeponyourback___20___.Itallowsyourhead,neckandspinetobekeptinamorenaturalposition,reducinganypotentialpainsandaches.Wrinklesaren’taworrywiththispositionasyourfaceisnotpressedintoyourpillowallnight.Peoplethinkitisthebestpositiontosleepinalthoughitmaycauseloudsnoringandheavybreathing.A.BeasidesleeperB.SleeplikealittlebabyC.WhattimedoyousleepeverynightD.ThisisbecauseofyourpillowbeingagainstyourfaceallnightE.However,itwon’tdoageingskinorbreastsanyfavoursF.ThisisbyfarthebestpositionformostpeopletosleepinG.Sowhichisthebesttosleepin【答案】16.G17.D18.A19.E20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三种睡眠姿势的利弊。【16题详解】下文“andwhichonesshouldwetrytoavoid?(哪一个是我们尝试要避免的)”说明作者针对哪一种睡眠方式应该避免进行提问，由下文中“and”可知，空格处与下文构成并列关系，G项“所以哪一个是最好的睡眠姿势”符合句意，。故选G项。【17题详解】上文“Itisalsonotgoodforpossiblewrinkles.(这对于可能产生的皱纹不好)”说明趴着睡的危害，D项“这是因为你的枕头整晚都靠着你的脸”符合题意，是对上文皱纹产生原因的解释说明。故选D项。【18题详解】下文“Sleepingonyoursideisoverallaprettygoodpositionhealth-wise.(从健康的角度来说，侧卧睡姿总体来说还是不错的)”说明了侧卧睡姿对健康的影响，是对A项“做侧卧睡眠者”的解释说明，是对这一小标题内容的承接，“beasidesleeper”与“sleepingonyourside”意思一致。故选A项。【19题详解】上文“Sothispositionisspeciallyrecommendedtopregnantwomen,particularlyiftheylieontheirleftsides.(所以这个体位特别推荐给孕妇，尤其是左侧卧的孕妇)”说明侧卧睡姿对孕妇有好处，E项中的“However”说明与上文是转折关系，E项“然而它对老化的皮肤和乳房没有任何好处”说明了侧卧睡姿的坏处，符合题意。故选E项。【20题详解】下文“Itallowsyourhead,neckandspinetobekeptinamorenaturalposition,reducinganypotentialpainsandaches.(它可以让你的头部、颈部和脊椎保持在更自然的位置，减少任何潜在的疼痛和疼痛)”指出仰卧的好处，由此可知，仰卧是好的睡姿。F项“这是目前为止对大多数人来说最好的睡姿”符合题意。故选F项。第三部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题,每小题分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。What’sthedifferencebetweenhavingadreamandmakingthedreamcometrue?Hardworkandperseverance.WandaSmithalwayswantedtobea___21___,butsometimesmeetinglife’sdemandingrealitiescanmeanadream___22___.Smith,amotherofthree,hadtocareforhermom,___23___herfamilyresponsibilities,shetookjobsasabusmonitorandgatekeeperforBrenhamIndependentSchoolDistrictinTexas.Thetimewas___24___forher.Butratherthanletherdreamdie,attheageof37,withthe___25___ofherhusband,sheaddednightclassestoher___26___.Nineyearson,she___27___graduatedwithabachelor’sdegreefromSamHoustonStateUniversity.Smith’sstorycamefullcirclewhenshewas___28___asafirst-gradeteacherbackatBrenhamElementarySchool.___29___,hermomandbelovedsistersdidn’tlivetoseeheraccomplishment,butsheknowstheywouldhavebeen____30____ofher.”WhenIstandinthefrontofmyclassroom,IknowIam____31____mydreamfinally,”SmithsaidduringashowcelebratingTeachers’Day.Duringthepandemic,assomeofherstudents____32____totakeupdistancelearning,Smithsteppeduptohelpthem.Sheriskedherlifetodeliverschoolworktostudentstoensurethatthelearningcouldbe____33____assmoothlyaspossible,whichreally____34____herstudentsandtheirparents.It’snowonderSmith’skids____35____her.Inaspecialsurpriseceremony,theyshoutedtheir____36____andheldupbigcolorfulsigns____37____theirlove.Smith’slifeisanexampleaswellasa(n)____38____forus.Withgreatdeterminationand____39____,shegraduatedfromcleaningclassroomsto____40____classrooms.21.A.driver B.teacher C.doctor D.painter22.A.delayed B.come C.awoken D.increased23.A.denying B.shouldering C.claiming D.avoiding24.A.meaningless B.hopeless C.unfair D.tough25.A.support B.complaint C.appreciation D.blame26.A.occupation B.hobby C.schedule D.exercise27.A.unwillingly B.successfully C.sadly D.secretly28A.considered B.treated C.named D.hired29.A.Unfortunately B.Obviously C.Consequently D.Luckily30.A.fond B.kind C.proud D.afraid31.A.telling B.sharing C.passing D.living32A.remembered B.struggled C.pretended D.regretted33.A.checkedout B.handedup C.carriedout D.givenup34.A.moved B.worried C.attracted D.broke35.A.envied B.admired C.forgot D.missed36.A.requests B.anger C.orders D.praise37.A.pursuing B.donating C.declaring D.seeking38.A.inspiration B.trouble C.failure D.mystery39.A.kindness B.imagination C.effort D.understanding40.A.drawing B.uniting C.building D.leading【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.D25.A26.C27.B28.D29.A30.C31.D32.B33.C34.A35.B36.D37.C38.A39.C40.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了WandaSmith克服生活中的重重困难、凭借坚定的决心和努力实现梦想成为一名教师的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：WandaSmith一直想成为一名教师，但有时满足生活中苛刻的现实可能意味着梦想的延迟。A.driver司机；B.teacher老师；C.doctor医生；D.painter画家，油漆工。根据后文“Smith’sstorycamefullcirclewhenshewas____8____asafirst-gradeteacherbackatBrenhamElementarySchool.”可知，此处是指WandaSmith一直想成为一名教师。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：WandaSmith一直想成为一名教师，但有时满足生活中苛刻的现实可能意味着梦想的延迟。A.delayed延迟；B.come来；C.awoken唤醒；D.increased增长。根据“meetinglife’sdemandingrealities”及下文信息（当上了老师）可知，此处是指生活中的苛刻条件会让梦想的实现延迟。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Smith是三个孩子的母亲，她不得不照顾她的母亲，承担起家庭责任，她在德克萨斯州的布伦汉姆独立学区做过公交车监督员和看门人。A.denying否认；B.shouldering承担；C.claiming主张；D.avoiding避免。根据“Smith,amotherofthree,hadtocareforhermom,”可知，此处是指承担家庭责任。故选B。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那段时间对她来说很艰难。A.meaningless无意义的；B.hopeless绝望的；C.unfair不公平的；D.tough艰难的。根据前文“Smith,amotherofthree,hadtocareforhermom,____3____herfamilyresponsibilities,shetookjobsasabusmonitorandgatekeeperforBrenhamIndependentSchoolDistrictinTexas.”可知，此处是指那段时间对她来说很艰难。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，在她37岁的时候，在丈夫的支持下，她没有让自己的梦想破灭，而是在自己的日程表中增加了夜校课程。A.support支持；B.complaint抱怨；C.appreciation欣赏；D.blame责备。根据“Butratherthanletherdreamdie,”可知，此处是指在丈夫的支持下。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，在她37岁的时候，在丈夫的支持下，她没有让自己的梦想破灭，而是在自己的日程表中增加了夜校课程。A.occupation职业；B.hobby爱好；C.schedule日程；D.exercise练习。根据“sheaddednightclasses”可知，此处是指在日程中增加了夜校课程。故选C。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：9年后，她成功地从萨姆·休斯顿州立大学毕业，获得学士学位。A.unwillingly不愿意地；B.successfully成功地；C.sadly难过地；D.secretly秘密地。根据“Butratherthanletherdreamdie,”和“graduatedwithabachelor’sdegreefromSamHoustonStateUniversity.”可知，此处是指她成功地从萨姆•休斯顿州立大学毕业。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Smith回到布伦汉姆小学担任一年级教师时，她的故事又回到了原点。A.considered考虑；