中考英语复习宾语从句讲解

语法宾语从句讲解小口诀:宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词;主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制;主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时;陈述转化that引，一般疑问用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。一.基本讲解来源:直接引语变间接引语概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，可做V谓/介词短语的宾语。Eg:Hesaid,“Iamgoodatdrawing"一Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)MissZhangisangry.atwhatyousaid.(介词宾语)1.引导词1)that引导宾语从句时，通常用陈述句充当，that可省略。一Eg:Shesaid,“Iwanttogothere"Shesaid(that)shewantedtogothere.Theyallknow(that)Jimisgoodatskating.(2)whether或if引导的宾语从句，由一般疑问句/选择疑问句充当，陈述语序。Eg:“Areyouinterestedingeography?"shesaid.Sheaskedif/whether!wasinterestedingeography,Iwonderif/whethershehastoldthenewtoLiLei.I'mnotsurewhetherhewillcomeornot.注意:-般情况下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情况例外a.介词短语后只用whether不用ifeg:Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepanic.b.引导词与动词不定式或ornot连用时，只用whether.eg:Icantsaywhetherornothewillcomeontimec.if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，表示‘如果'，不能用whether.Eg:Ifyouwanttobeagoodteacher,itwilltaketimes.Whetheryoucansucceeddependsonhowmucheffortyoupay.b引导词与动词不定式或ornot连用时，只用whether(3).特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，不可省略，陈述句语序。特殊疑问词为:how，when,where,why，whichwhose.What引导宾从时做主语或宾语或表语等。'Whatdoyouwant?Heasked.HeaskedmewhatIwanted.|havenoideawhereheisnow.Idon'tknowhowtodealwithit.Heaskedwhosehandwritingisthebestintheclass.对比下列句子，看what做什么成分:Heaskedwhatwasthewrong/matterwithme.(what做主语)Hedoesn'tknowwhattodonow(做宾语)Heaskedmewhohewas.(who做表语)Heaskedwhatwasthewrong/matterwithme.(what做主语)Hedoesn'tknowwhattodonow(做宾语)Heaskedmewhohewas.(who做表语)2.宾语从句时态a.主句为一般现在时，从句不受主句的限制eg:Doyouknowif/whetherhehasseenthefilm?Iamsorrytohearthatyourfatherisill.ShesayssheisgoingtogotoBeijingnextweek.Hetellsmethathissistercamebackyesterday.b.当主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的相应某种时态Shedidn'tknowwhytheboywaslateagain.(过去一般)|didn'tknowif/whetherhehadseenthefilm.(过去完成)|wonderedwhenshewasgoingtoAmerica.(过去将来)注意:当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用-般现在时。例如:Eg:Hesaid(thattheearthmovesroundthesun./thatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.)Theteachertoldus(seeingisbelieving.)3.语序:陈述语序，主+谓+其他*whenwillyouleaveforBeijing?(Couldyoupleasetellme)CouldyoupleasetellmewhenyouwillleaveforBeijing?*Hassheseenthemovie(Heasked.)Heaskedifshehadseenthemovie.*Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematter\wrongwithyou?注意：如果宾语从句是表示客观真理和规律的句子时，用一般现在时。例如：Ourteachertoldusthesunismuchbiggerthantheearth.（一般现在时）我们的老师告诉我们太阳比地球大多了。4.宾语从句的否定转移主句如果是Ithink/believe/imagine/suppose/guess/expect等，从句的否定一般要转移到主句中，其反意疑问句与从句一致。例如：Idon’tthinkthey’llwaittothelastminute，willthey？我认为他们不会等到最后一分钟，他们会吗？Idon’tbelievehedidthis,didhe?我相信他不会做这样的事，他会吗？1.—Doyouknow_________themeeting?—Tomorrowmorning.

A.whentheyhad

B.whentheyaregoingtohave

C.whendidtheyhave

D.whenaretheygoingtohave2.—Mr.Green,doyouknow_______?—July10,itwilllastamonth.A.whenoursummercampbeginsB.whendoesoursummercampbeginC.whereoursummercampbeginsD.wheredoesoursummercampbegin3.Ididn’tknow______.A.whenwouldthetrainarrive B.wherecouldIgetthebookC.whathasbeendone D.wholeftthemessage4.—Couldyoutellme _________?—Certainly.Inhalfanhour.A.whenwillthehighspeedtrainarriveB.whenthehighspeedtrainwillarriveC.whenwouldthehighspeedtrainarriveD.whenthehighspeedtrainwouldarrive5.—Excuseme,couldyoutellme______togettothepostoffice?—Certainly.TheNo.15bus.A.whichbusIshouldtakeB.IshouldtakewhichbusC.shouldItakewhichbusD.whichbusshouldItake6.Ithink_____notdifficult_____Englisheverymorning．A.that;keepreading B．it’s;keepreadingC.that;tokeepreading D．it;tokeepreading7.Doyouknow_________Zunyiornottomorrow?A.whetheraretheyleavingforB.whethertheyareleavingforC.iftheyareleavingforD.ifaretheyleavingfor8.Thepolicewomanaskedthelittleboy______. A．wheredidhelive B．wherehelived C．wherehelives D．wheredoeshelives 9.—Showmethemap,please.Iwonder____________.—Look,it'shere,intheeastofChina,nearTaiwanProvince.A.whereisDiaoyuIslandB.whereDiaoyuIslandisC.whatisDiaoyuIslandlike10.—Couldyoutellme_____hecamehere?—Hed