高考英语复习状语从句全面和真题分析

副词性从句(cónɡjù)——状语从句(cónɡjù)步步高培训(péixùn)学校第一页，共52页。11.什么(shénme)是状语？由哪些词来做状语？状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词等担当。例句：①Naturally,ourgrandparentswerepleasedtogetourphonecall.(副词)

②Weworkedhard,fromsunrisetosunset.(介词状短语)③Tohelpmydisabledaunt,Ispendanhourworkinginherhouseeveryday.(不定式)④Seenfromadistance,thefarmhouselookeddeserted.(过去分词)

第二页，共52页。22.什么是状语从句？在句子中起状语作用的句子就是状语从句，用来修饰主句或者(huòzhě)主句的谓语。第三页，共52页。3AdverbialClausesofTime〔时间状语从句〕AdverbialClausesofReason(原因状语从句〕AdverbialClausesofConditions(条件状语从句〕AdverbialClausesofPlace(地点(dìdiǎn)状语从句〕AdverbialClausesofPurpose(目的状语从句)AdverbialClausesofResult(结果状语从句)AdverbialClausesofComparison〔比较状语从句〕AdverbialClausesofConcession(让步状语从句〕AdverbialClausesofManner(方式状语从句)第四页，共52页。41.时间(shíjiān)状语从句：常用引导词：when,as,while,assoonas,before,after,since,till,until

特殊引导词：theminute,themoment,thesecond,everytime,theday，theinstant,immediately,directly,nosooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…when

第五页，共52页。5例句(lìjù)：①Ididn’trealizehowspecialmymotherwasuntilIbecameanadult.②WhileJohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.③Thechildrenranawayfromtheorchard(果园)themomenttheysawtheguard.

第六页，共52页。62.原因状语从句：常用引导(yǐndǎo)词：because,since,as,for特殊引导(yǐndǎo)词：seeingthat,nowthat,inthat,consideringthat,giventhat.

第七页，共52页。7例句(lìjù)：①MyfriendsdislikemebecauseI’mhandsomeandsuccessful.②Nowthateverybodyhascome,let’sbeginourconference.

③Consideringthatheisnomorethan12yearsold,hisheightof1.80misquiteremarkable.

第八页，共52页。83.条件状语从句：常用(chánɡyònɡ)引导词：if,unless,

特殊引导词：as/solongas,onlyif,providing/providedthat,supposingthat,incasethat,onconditionthat第九页，共52页。9例句(lìjù)：①We’llstartourprojectifthepresidentagrees.

②Youwillcertainlysucceedas/solongasyoukeepontrying.

③Providedthatthereisnoopposition,weshallholdthemeetinghere.

第十页，共52页。104.地点状语从句：常用(chánɡyònɡ)引导词：where

特殊引导词：wherever,anywhere,everywhere

例句：①Generally,airwillbeheavilypollutedwheretherearefactories.

②Whereveryougo,youshouldworkhard.

第十一页，共52页。115.目的状语从句(cónɡjù)：常用引导词：sothat,inorderthat

特殊引导词：lest,incase,forfearthat，inthehopethat,forthepurposethat,totheendthat

例句：①Thebossaskedthesecretarytohurryupwiththeletterssothathecouldsignthem.

②Theteacherraisedhisvoiceonpurposethatthestudentsinthebackcouldhearmoreclearly.

第十二页，共52页。126.结果状语从句：常用引导词：so…that,such…that,

特殊(tèshū)引导词：suchthat,tothedegreethat,totheextentthat,tosuchadegreethat例句：①Hegotupsoearlythathecaughtthefirstbus.②It’ssuchagoodchancethatwemustnotmissit.

第十三页，共52页。137.比较状语(zhuàngyǔ)从句：常用引导词：as(同级比较),than(不同程度的比较)

特殊引导词：themore…themore…;justas…，so…;AistoBwhat/asXistoY;no…morethan;notAsomuchasB

第十四页，共52页。14例句：①Sheisasbad-temperedashermother.

②Themoreyouexercise,thehealthieryouwillbe.

③Foodistomenwhatoilistomachine.食物(shíwù)之于人，犹如油之于机器。

第十五页，共52页。158.让步状语从句(cónɡjù)：常用引导词：though,although,evenif,eventhough

特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句(cónɡjù)中必须要倒装)，while(一般用在句首)，nomatter…，inspiteofthefactthat,whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever第十六页，共52页。16例句(lìjù)：①MuchasIrespecthim,Ican’tagreetohisproposal.

②Theoldmanalwaysenjoysswimmingeventhoughtheweatherisrough.

③Nomatterhowhardhetried,shecouldnotchangehermind.

④Hewon’tlistenwhateveryoumaysay.

第十七页，共52页。179.方式状语从句:常用(chánɡyònɡ)引导词：as,asif,how

特殊引导词：theway

例句:①WheninRome,doastheRomando.

②Shebehavedasifsheweretheboss.

③Sometimesweteachourchildrenthewayourparentshavetaughtus.

第十八页，共52页。18第十九页，共52页。19：1〕时间状语从句(cónɡjù)中when，while，as的区别：见下页表格！第二十页，共52页。20whenwhileas动作先后同时发生或先发生同时发生同时发生时间内涵时间点或时间段时间段时间段时态规定从句用一般现在时表示将来时间从句用进行时态从句与主句时态一致动词延续性持续动词或短暂动词持续动词持续动词第二十一页，共52页。21Eg:1).Whenhecomesheretomorrow,I’llcallyou.(when=atthattime)2〕Whilehewaswalkinginthestreet,hemetTim=Whenhewaswalkinginthestreet,hemethim.3)Astheywerepickingtea,thegirlsweresinginghappily.(as:一边......一边……,随着〕4)Iliketeawhileshelikescoffee.(这里的while是等立连词不是附属连词，表示(biǎoshì)“然而，却〞)第二十二页，共52页。222〕.时间状语从句(cónɡjù)的中的till、until和not…until：肯定句:主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词,主从句(cónɡjù)都为肯定式,意为“某一动作一直延续到某时间点才停止〞。Eg:Youmaystayhereuntil/tilltherainstops.Heremainedthereuntil/tillshearrived.否认句：主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词,从句(cónɡjù)为肯定式，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始〞。Eg:Hewillnotgotobeduntil(till)hismothercomes.Untilshetoldme,Ihadnoideaofwhattheyhadsaid.注意:till不可置于句首。第二十三页，共52页。233〕.时间状语从句(cónɡjù)中before和since的用法：1)Beforehereturned,hismotherhadpreparedfoodforhim.(在…之前)2)Thefirelastedfourhoursbeforethefirefighterscouldcontrolit.(……才)3)BeforeIcouldspeaktohim,hehadlefthurriedly. (没来得及)4)Writedownthetelephonenumberbeforeyouforgetit. (趁;以免)5)Ihadn’twaitedlongbeforehecameback.(就)6)GetoutbeforeIcallthepolice.(否那么;要不然) 第二十四页，共52页。248)Itis/was/willbe+sometime+before-clause(多久以后才……)Eg:ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.Itwon’tbelongbeforewemeetagain.since=(fromthetimethat)9〕主句现在完成(wánchéng)时+since+clause〔一般过去时〕：Eg:1).Ihaveknownhimeversincehewasaboy.2).IhaveworkedheresinceIgraduatedfromtheuniversity.3).Itis(hasbeen)twoyearssincehecamehere.第二十五页，共52页。254〕.时间(shíjiān)状语从句中Bythetime的用法：这个词组常用来指到某一时间(shíjiān)点为止,主句常用完成时态。Eg:Bythetimehearrived,thetrainhadalreadygone.Bythetimehecomes,wewillalreadyhaveleft.例外：Bythetimehewentabroad，hewasfourteen.(主句是系表形式或像know等表示〞认知〞的持续动词,那么往往用一般时态。)第二十六页，共52页。265〕.原因状语从句中的because，since，as的区别。三者均表示“因为，由于〞的意思。它们区别是：①because语气最强，用于答复why引导(yǐndǎo)的有较强逻辑性的因果关系问题，它常常与only，just以及否认词not连用。Because引导(yǐndǎo)的从句通常置于主句之后，只有在强调的时候在置于主句之前。例句：1〕Tomshouldattendschoolbecausehehasreached7.2)Justbecausetheywantedtoearnmoremoney,theymadealotoflow-qualityproducts.第二十七页，共52页。27②since和as语气都比较弱，多用在口语中，所表示的原因比较明显，或者是大家都的事实。因此，它们的前面不可(bùkě)用just，only等强调词和否认词not。它们引导的从句多置于句首。例句：1)Asyoualreadyknowthetruth,Ineednotexplainthewholethingtoyou.2)Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginourmeeting,shallwe?第二十八页，共52页。28注意：for也是一个表示原因的连词，与because，since，as不同的是，它是个等立连词，放在句中连接两个(liǎnɡɡè)并列的句子。For比较文气，长用于笔语。例句：Thedaysaregettingwarmerandwarmer,forspringiscoming.第二十九页，共52页。29because,since,as,for1.Idancedinfrontofthepeople

becauseIlikedit.2.As/Since

hewasnotwell,Idecidedtogowithouthim.3.As/Sinceeverybodyknowaboutit,Idon’twanttotalkanymore.4.Ihadtotalktohim,for

Ihadnosecondchoice.第三十页，共52页。306〕.目的状语从句中的sothat和inorderthat:〔为了。。。以便。。。〕它们引导(yǐndǎo)的状语从句中需要情态动词,inorderthat比sothat正式,引导(yǐndǎo)的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后,而sothat引导(yǐndǎo)的从句一般置于主句之后。Eg:1).Theysetoutearlysothat(inorderthat)theymightarrivethereintime.2).Inorderthatwemightseethesunrise,westartedforthepeakearly.第三十一页，共52页。31注意目的状语(zhuàngyǔ)从句与不定式、介词短语的互换Eg:Theysetoutearlysothat(inorderthat)theymightarrivethereintime.=Theysetoutearlyinorderto(soasto)arrivethereintime第三十二页，共52页。327〕.结果(jiēguǒ)状语从句中的so…that…和such…that…：Such+adj.+PL/+that-clauseSuch+a/an+adj.+n+that-clauseSuch+alotof/lotsof+PL+that-clauseso+adj./adv.+that-clauseso+adj.+a/an+n+that-clauseso+many/few+复数名词+that-clauseSo+much/little+不可数名词+that-clause第三十三页，共52页。33Eg:1.ItissogoodastorythatI’llneverforgetit.=ItissuchagoodstorythatI’llneverforgetit.第三十四页，共52页。348〕.让步状语从句although和though的用法：Although与though意思相同,表示“尽管，虽然〞的意思，一般可互换,都可以与yet,still或nevertheless连用(liányòng),但不能和but连用(liányòng)。例句：Eg:1).Although(Though)heisold,heworkshard.=Heisold,butheworkshard.另外：though还可以用作副词，意为“可是，然而〞，置于句尾。例句：Hesaidhewouldcome;hedidn’t,though.(可是)第三十五页，共52页。352.状语从句的时态问题：1〕“主将从现〞原那么：一般情况下，时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时〞表示“一般将来时〞，用“现在完成时〞表示“将来完成时〞。例句(lìjù)：①IwillcallyouassoonasIarriveinBeijing.解说：这是由assoonas引导的时间状语从句，主将从现原那么。第三十六页，共52页。36②AssoonasIhavefinishedthiswork,Iwillgohome.我一完成此工作(gōngzuò)，就回家。(解说：从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时havefinished，表示将来完成时,决不可用willhavefinished。)③Ifyouworkharder,youwillpasstheexamnexttime.(主将从现)=Workhard,andyouwillpasstheexam.④I’llreturnthebookassoonasIhavefinishedreadingit.⑤He’llhavefouryearsatuniversityafterheleavesschool第三十七页，共52页。372〕since与完成时：since引导时间状语从句时，其主句通常要用现在完成时，有时也用现在完成进行时。从句用一般过去时。例句：HehasgrownaninchsinceIsawhim.我上次见到他以后他已长高了一英寸。更多例句参看注：当主句为“It+be+一段时间〞时，那么通常用一般现在时代替现在完成时。如：It’smorethanthreeyearsnowsinceIsawherlast.我们(wǒmen)已有三年多没见面了。

第三十八页，共52页。383〕特定句式的时态：由nosooner...than,hardly/scarcely…when引出的时间状语从句，其主句通常(tōngcháng)用过去完成时，从句通常(tōngcháng)用一般过去时。另外：通常(tōngcháng)会把nosooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时,这个时候应用局部倒装语序。〔该知识点在倒装结构中有讲到，请参看！〕第三十九页，共52页。39例句：Hardlyhadhearrivedwhenshestartedcomplaining.他刚到她就抱怨起来。Nosoonerhadhegonetosleepthanthetelephonerang.他刚睡着铃就响了。Wehadnosoonersetoutthanathunderstormbroke.我们刚出发就下起一阵(yīzhèn)雷暴。Nosoonerhadsheagreedtomarryhimthanshestartedtohaveterribledoubts.她刚同意嫁给他她就开始产生可怕的疑虑。第四十页，共52页。403.状语(zhuàngyǔ)从句的倒装问题：请参看PPT倒装结构的讲解。4.状语(zhuàngyǔ)从句中的虚拟语气问题：请参看PPT虚拟语气的讲解。5.状语(zhuàngyǔ)从句的省略问题:请参看PPT省略的讲解。6.状语(zhuàngyǔ)从句与其它从句的区分区别。第四十一页，共52页。411.(01北京(běijīnɡ)春)－DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?－Yes.Igaveittoher_ __Isawher.A.while B.themoment C.suddenly D.once2.Ithoughtherniceandhonest______Imether.A.firsttimeB.forthefirsttimeC.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttime第四十二页，共52页。423.(03北京(běijīnɡ)春)－Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?－Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhim______hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.A.afterB.unlessC.untilD.when4.(03上海)Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdlisteners’curiosity______hereachestheendofthestory.A.whenB.unlessC.afterD.until第四十三页，共52页。435.(04福建)Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears______itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.after C.before D.when6.(05北京(běijīnɡ)春)Itisalmostfiveyears______wesaweachotherlasttime.A.beforeB.since C.after D.because第四十四页，共52页。447._____Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.〔04江苏〕A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless8.Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,____theyaredifferentfromyourown.(05湖南卷〕A.until B.evenif C.unless D.asthough第四十五页，共52页。45解析：while是高考中的高频词，它既可引导时间(shíjiān)状语从句，又可引导并列句，还可引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管〞。evenif等于eventhough，表示“即使、尽管〞。asthough等于asif，引导方式状语从句，表示“好似、似乎〞。第四十六页，