2010年高考英语that的用法

PAGEThat的用法“that”在英文中是一个使用频率很高的单词。它有四种词性，并且句法及语法功能纷繁复杂。同学们如果不能熟练掌握其用法，很可能会形成英语学习的一种障碍，从而影响其学习兴趣和效率。现将that的用法总结归纳如下：第一、that用作形容词（后接复数名词时用those）。它用来指已被提到的人或物；也可表对比，指两个中较远的那个。Whataboutthatbookyouborrowedfrommelastmonth？请注意，that有时候在句子中具有喜欢或轻蔑等感情色彩。thatlittlesonofhis他那个小宝贝儿子ThatGeorge！乔治那家伙！（含有轻蔑语气）第二、that用作代词。1.that用作指示代词（复数形式是those），其指代意义同形容词用法，同时它还可以用作定语从句中的先行词；还可为了避免重复，代替前述名词。Thatiswhathetoldme.Whatisthat(which)youhavegotinyourhand?Thepriceofriceishigherthanthatofflour.2.that用作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句。先行词可人可物，用法相当于who或which。（但是在下列情况下多用that：先行词既有人又有物时；先行词有形容词最高级、序数词、不定代词、very，only等修饰时；先行词是不定代词时）Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathehadvisited.Ithinkitoneofthemostwonderfulfilmsthatthefilmcompanyhaseverproduced.Shehaslittleinformationthatisusefulforourresearch.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?请注意，that在定语从句中作宾语时通常可省略。Thebooks(that)Isentyouwillhelpyouinyourstudies.第三、that用作连词，引导名词性从句,状语从句和强调句。1.that名词性从句。①引导宾语从句。及物动词后的引导词that可省略。Ididn'texpect(that)hecouldwinthechampionship.TheteacherpointedoutthatTomwasnotworkinghardenough.②引导主语从句。通常采用it作形式主语的句型。Thattheearthgoesaroundthesunisknowntoeveryone.（Itisknowntoeveryonethattheearthgoesaroundthesun.）③引导表语从句。Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.④引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句的that和引导定语从句的that是不同的。前者只起语法作用，在从句中不作任何成分；而后者在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。举例说明：Thenewsthatheresignedfromofficesurprisedus.Theideathatheholdsisverycommonnowadaysoncampus.2.that引导状语从句①引导目的状语从句。BringitnearerthatImayseeitbetter.②引导结果状语从句。WhathaveIdonethatheshouldbesoangrywithme?③引导原因状语从句。IamafraidthatIwillfailinthedrivingtest.④引导让步状语从句。意为“虽然、尽管”。Difficultthat/asthetaskwas,theymanagedtoaccomplishitontime.⑤引导条件状语从句。意为“假使、假设”。Supposingthatyouwereinmyposition,whatwouldyoudo?Onconditionthatyouwerelostinthedesert,youshouldaskforhelpassoonaspossible.3.引导强调句。ItisMrs.Whitethatmakesthedecisioninherfamily,nothermeeklittlehusband.Itisanillwindthatblowsnobodygood.第四、that用作副词。1.that用作普通副词。Iwasthat/soangryIcouldhavehithim.2.that用作关系副词。引导定语从句，可以代替when，where，why或inwhich，常可省略。Iwillneverforgettheevening(that)/whenwewenttothetheatre.Thehouse(that)/whereIusedtolivehasbeenknockeddown.第五，与that有关的常见重要短语。1.inthat，意为“既然、因为”。Criticismandself-criticismisnecessaryinthatithelpsuscorrectourmistakes.2.nowthat，意为“既然、由于”。Nowthattheyhavetakenmattersintotheirhands,thepaceofeventshasquickened.3.see(toit)that，意为“注意、务必做到、保证”。Wewillseetoitthatshegetshomeearly.Seetoitthatyouarenotlateagain.4.seeingthat，意为“鉴于、由于”。Seeingthatitis8o'clock,we'llwaitnolonger.Seeingthathewasbusywithhiswork,Ididn'tdisturbhim.以上是that主要用法的概述，希望能for.这正是我找的钢笔。

TheonlybookIwanttoreadismissing.我唯一想看的书不见了。

8.在强调句子中，并且以who,which,what开头时。例如：Whowasitthatwaslost?究竟是谁迷路了？（此句中，最好不用who来代替that，避免重复。）

Whatwasitthatyoudidlastweek?你上周究竟做什么了？补充：法指导：关系代词that的用法：1）不用that的情况

a)在引导非限定性定语从句时。

(错)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.

b)介词后不能用。Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.

Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.

2)只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况a)在therebe句型中，只用that，不用which。

b)在不定代词，如：anything,nothing,theone,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。

c)先行词有theonly,thevery修饰时，只用that。d)先行词为序数词、数词