英语连词总结复习计划学习材料

连词概念连词是一种虚词,它不能独立地担任句子成分,只是连接词与词、短语与短语以及句子与句子的作用。英语中连词只要分两类：并列与从属连词。

并列连词：用来连接平行的词、短语或分句。 从属连词：用来引导一个从句。连词是用来连接词、词组和句子的虚词。分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词连接两个分句，构成并列句。

用从属连词引起两个分句，构成复合句。

并列连词：

a.并列关系：and，aswellas,either…or notonly…butalso，both…and neither…nor.

b.转折关系：but，yet，or.

c.因果关系：for，so.

d.选择关系：or，either…or.并列连词连接两个分句，构成并列句。1.andNowstopblowing,andsoonyouwillfindtheglassclearagain.Tenminutesearlier,andwecouldhavecaughtthelastbus.and在此表示条件，等于

ifyoustopblowingnow,you…….Ifwecameheretenminutesearlier,we……2.notonly…butalso/aswellasNotonlythemotherbutalsothechildrenare

sick.Themotheraswellasthechildrenis

sick.不但妈妈而且孩子也病了。不但孩子们而且妈妈也病了。连接主语时，强调的方面不同，谓语动词在人称、数上也要调整。orTheelephantisn’tlikeawall,oraspear,orasnake,oratree,neitherishelikeafan.在否定句中并列成分的列举通常用or来连接，不用and。从属连词：用来连接各种从句。主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句连接词有：that,if,whether,as连接代词：who，whom，whose，what which,whatever,whoever,whichever连接副词：when，where，why，

how，wherever,whenever从属连词：用来连接各种从句。2.状语从句引导时间状语从句连词有：as,when,while,till,not…until…,until,before,since,assoonas,hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner..than,once,themoment,theminutethat,bythetime引导让步状语从句连词有：

although,though,evenif,eventhough, nomatter+who(what,when,how,where)或whoever,whatever,wherever,however等

as,though(要用倒装)从属连词：用来连接各种从句。2.状语从句引导原因状语从句连词有：because,as for,since,nowthat引导地点状语从句连词有：where,wherever引导目的状语从句连词有：sothat,inorderthat引导结果状语从句连词有：so…that,such…that引导方式状语从句连词有：as,asif(though)引导比较状语从句连词有：than,as引导条件状语从句连词有：if,unless,so(as)longas,incase,once,asfaras,onconditionthat从属连词：用来连接各种从句。3.定语从句关系代词：who，whom，whose，which，that关系副词：when，where，why4.同位语从句

同上（除that外）一.几组时间状语从句1.till,not…until…,until,before,sinceDon’tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.Hewaitedforhisfatheruntil(till)itwastwelveo’clock.ItwillbefiveyearsbeforehereturnsfromEngland.Observethefollowingsentences.till/untilTheyplayedvolleyballuntil(till)itgotdark.Theydidn’ttalkuntil(till)theinterpretercame.Hedidn’tgotobeduntil(till)hisfathercameback. Tillthelastminuteofthematchwekeptonplaying. Tillhefinishedhisworkdidhegohome. Wewalkedtilltheedgeoftheforest.until位于句首时，not开头的从句中，不能用till。until/till只能用于时间。改为asfaras或toF几组时间状语从句2.hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,once,assoonas,AssoonasIhavefinishedit,I’llgiveyouacall.Onceyoushowanyface,hewillattackyou.Wehadhardlygotintothecountrywhenitbegantorain.(Hardly

hadwegotinto…)一……就几组时间状语从句3.themoment,directly,immediately, theminutethat,Hemadeforthedoordirectlyheheardtheknock.4.eachtime,everytime,bythetimeEachtimehecametomycity,hewouldcallonme.一……就Observethefollowingsentences.1.while是否可换为when?Pleasekeepquietwhileothersarestudying.Afriendofyourscametoseeyouwhileyouwereaway.可以。while=atthetimethat,duringthetimethat谓语动词为持续性的动词。谓语一般为进行时,或状态动词的一般现在时。Observethefollowingsentences.2.when是否可换为while?WhenIwentintothelab,theteacherwasdoinganexperiment.HeoftenmakesmistakeswhenheisspeakingEnglish.when可指一段时间，也可指一点时间。引导的状语从句的谓语动词可是终止性的，也可是延续性的。主句和从句的谓语可以是一般时、进行时、完成时。when不等于whilewhen=whileObservethefollowingsentences.3.as是否可换为while,when?AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Inoticedapolicecarinfrontofnumber37.as可与when,while通用，但强调“一边…一边…”。as=when,while区别几组同义词连词:一.when，while，as“当…时”*when+持续性V.//+终止性V.e.g.

HewasdoinghishomeworkwhenIcamein.*while+持续性动作，表示“在…时”;表示对比“而”e.g.

Strikewhiletheironishot.

Iliketeawhileshelikescoffee.

*as+延续性动词---“当…的时候”;“一边…一边”e.g. ImetherasIwascominghome.(=when) Shesangasshewalkedhome.

Ashetalkedonhegotmoreandmoreexcited.几组连词区别类别作用例句aswhenwhileShecameupasIwascooking.Therunnersstartedasthegunwentout.Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.Whenwewereatschool,wewenttothelibraryeveryday.Pleasedon’ttalksoloudwhileweareworking.Hefeelasleepwhile/whenreading.和when/while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作同时或几乎同时发生。主句的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。即可以表示在某一点的时候，又可以表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。二.because(因为)，since（既然）,as(由于)

,for(因为)*“Whydidyoumovethere?”“________myfatherfoundajobthere.”Themanfainted(晕倒)_________hewastiredandhungry.*______itisknowntoall,theearthmovesroundthesun.*_______youcan’tanswerthequestion,perhapswe’dbetterasksomeoneelse.*Theoldladydoesn’tgooutinwinter,_____shefeelsthecoldagreatdeal.BecausebecauseAsSincefor几组连词区别类别作用例句because表示不知道原因，可放在句首或句末，句首要用逗号分开。句末不需分开。IamleavingbecauseIamfull.for表示不知道的原因，语气最弱，是可说可不说的话，只能放在主句后，而且必须与前面的分句分开。for前有“逗号”It’smorningnow,forthebirdsaresinging.since/as表示已知原因，since比as正式一点。通常放在主句前。Sinceeverybodyishere,let’sstart.下列情况只能用because1 回答why问句时 2用于强调句型中3 被not否定时三.sothat“以便，为了”(表示目的)=inorderthat

sothat“以致于，结果”(表示结果)Hegotupearlysothathecouldcatchthefirstbus. Hegotuplatesothathedidn’tcatchthefirstbus. Itwasverycold,sothatthewaterinthebowlfroze. Shetookmedicineontimesothatshemightgetwellsoon.“为了”“结果”“结果”“为了”

so…that

；such…that“如此…以致于”

⑴他是如此聪明的男孩,我们大家都喜欢他.Heis_______acleverboythatallofuslikehim.⑵她被吓坏了,以致哭了起来.Shewas_____frightenedthatshestartedcrying.⑶这是一个如此美丽的公园，以致人们喜欢在里面玩.Itis_____beautifulaparkthatpeopleenjoyplayinginit.⑷Thereis____muchinkinthebottlethatyoucanuseit.⑸Thereare____manytextsinthebookthatwecan’tfinishlearningthisterm.

suchsosososo小结：such+名词（词组）that

so+形容词/副词that四.“尽管”although,though,ase.g.Although/Thoughitwascold,hewentonworking.---Coldas/thoughitwas,hewentonworking.Although/Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.---Childas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.Although/Thoughyoureadfast,youcan’tfinishthebookinthreedays.---Fastasyouread,youcan’tfinishthebookinthreedays.小结：although/though用于正常语序。

as/though用于倒装语序，即将表语、状语、动词原形提前！五.疑问词+ever和nomatter+疑问词的区别Whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished.Youcanchoosewhateveryoulikeinshop.Whoeverbreakstherule,hemustbepunished.Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbepunished.疑问词+ever可引导名词性从句和让步状语从句nomatter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。六.if,whether“是否”

Sheasked___________Itooksugarinmytea.Idon’tcare____itdoesn’train.=Idon’tcare________itrainornot.________hewillcomeornotisunknown.Theydiscussed__________theyshouldhelpher.Weareconsidering_________togo.Itisstillaquestion________theywillfinishthetaskintime.ifwhether/ifwhetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhether七.whether和if的区别Idon’tcarewhetherhewillattendmybirthdaypartyornot. Idon’tcarewhetherornothewillattendmybirthdayparty.2.Ihaven’tdecidedwhethertoleaveornot.3.WhethertheywillgototheGreatWallisnotknown.和not连用whether可接不定式引导主语从句，放在句首时，只能用whetherwhether和if的区别4.Thequestionwhetherwewilltakepartinthephysicscontesthasnotbeendecided.Thequestioniswhetherwecanfinishthetaskontime.5.Itdependson

whetheryouwanttodoitornot.引导同位语从句、表语从句，通常用whetherwhether可做介词的宾语从句的连接词whether和if的区别6.Ifyouworkhard,youaresuretosucceed.7.Iwonderifhecannotdomeafavor. Hehadnoideaifhecouldnotfinishthetaskintime.if可用来引导条件状语从句从句用于否定结构时，必须用ifPractice:1.Hurryup,______you’llbelate.2.Studyhard,______you’llmakeprogress.3.Ihadtriedhard,______Ifailed.4.Iwasgoingtojumpintotheriver_____theguidecalledouttome.5.Shecould______readGerman_______speakitwell.orandbutwhenbothand6.Youmay______doityourself______leaveittome.7.Ican’tswim,_________canmysister.8.Itmustberaining,_______itissodarkoutside.9.Theproblemwasveryhard,_________,weworkeditoutintheend.eitherorneitherforotherwise10.ShehadmuchdifficultyinstudyingEnglish,_____weshouldgivehermorehelp.11.WehavestudiedEnglishforonlyayear,______wecanalreadyactplaysinEnglish12.________he_______Iamfromthenorth.13.Youcan_______stayatschool_____Cometospendtheholidaywithus.sobutNotonlybutal