2022届浙江省绍兴市柯桥区高考及选考科目5月适应性考试英语试题

2022届浙江省绍兴市柯桥区高考及选考科目5月适应性考试

英语试题学校:姓名:班级:考号：一、阅读理解AmericangymnastSimoneBilesfliesthroughtheairasthoughshewasmadeforit.ShehaswonmoreWorldChampionshipgoldmedalsthananyotherfemalegymnastinhistory.SheisalsothefirstwomangymnasttowinthreeconsecutiveWorldall-aroundtitles.Bilestrains35hoursaweek.Duringtrainingsheoftencomesupwithnewmoves,someofwhichsheusesincompetitions.Acomplicatedflipsheintroducedinthe2013WorldChampionshipsisoneoffourskillsthatarenamedafterher.Foraudiences,seeingBileseffortlesslyperformmakesiteasytoforgethowdifficultgymnasticsis.Athletesareunderanintenseamountofpressure,andasmallmistakecanresultinseriousinjury.AttheSummerOlympicGamesinTokyo,Bilesexperiencedsomethinggymnastscall“thetwisties"，whichiswhenagymnastlosestrackofwheretheirbodyisintheair.Insteadofputtingherselfandherteamatrisk,Bileswithdrewfromthecompetition.Bilesrosetoathleticgloryfromhumblebeginnings.Shespentsometimeinfostercarebeforesheandheryoungersister,Adria,wereadoptedasveryyoungchildrenbytheirgrandfatherRonandhiswifeNellie.Bileswasintroducedtogymnasticsattheageof6onaschoolfieldtriptoagym.Shesawsomegymnastspracticing,beganmimickingtheirmovesandassertedherselfbyinsistingthatherparentssendherforgymnasticslessons.Acoachatthegymalsorecognizedhertalentandsentaletterhomeaskingherparentstosendherforlessons.Throughouthercareer,Bileshaskeptherpassionforthesport,whichisevidentinthehugesmilesheoftenwearswhilecompeting.Butshealsowantspeopletoknowtheimportanceofputtingmentalhealthfirstandnotignoringhowstresscanbeharmfultoit.InBiles'2016memoir,titledCouragetoSoar,thebooktellsinherwords"howmyfaithandmyfamilymademywildestdreamscometrue.Andhowembracingadreamcangiveyoucouragetosoar."Biles'courage,especiallyherwillingnesstoassertherselfinthefaceofintensepublicpressure,continuestobeaninspirationforeveryone.Whydoestheauthorwritethepassage?TointroduceAmericangymnastSimoneBiles.Toanalyzethepotentialrisksingymnasticcompetitions.Todescribethesignificanceofdreamsforgymnasts.D.TostressSimoneBiles'effortsinhersuccess.WhatkindofpersondoyouthinkBilesis?A.Persistentandstubborn.B,Courageousanddetermined.A.Persistentandstubborn.B,Courageousanddetermined.D.Considerateandcurious.B.Amagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Anautobiography.D.Considerateandcurious.B.Amagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Anautobiography.C.Warm-heartedandquick-minded.Whereisthepassagepossiblytakenfrom?A.Abookreview.Myopia,ornearsightedness,isreachingepidemicproportions.IntheU.S・,morethan40%ofthepopulationweremyopicby2019,upfromjust28%in2000,andestimatessuggestthatone-thirdoftheworld'spopulationwillbenearsightedbytheendofthedecade.Myopiacanusuallybecorrectedeasilywithglasses,contactlenses,orsurgery,butevenstillnearsightedpeopleareatahigherriskofglaucoma（青光眼）,retinaldetachment,andcataracts.Thecondition'ssheerpervasivenesshasmaderesearcherswonderaboutitscauses.Scientistshaveproposedoneofthereasonswhytheconditionhasbecomemorecommon:Youngpeoplearespendingtoomuchtimeindoors,accordingtoareportpublishedinNature.Studiesoftwinsinthe1960sshowedthatDNAinfluencesnearsightedness.Butinformationfromasfarbackas400yearsagoindicatedthatgenesweren'tthewholestory一theastronomerJohannesKeplerthoughthisownpoorvisionresultedfromhavinghisnoseinabookfbrsomanyyears.MorerecentresearchhassupportedKepler'shypothesis:Theriseinmyopiasyncsupwithastrongeremphasisoneducation.Germanresearchershavealsofoundthatstudentswhoattendedmoreyearsofschoolhadamuchhigherrateofmyopiathantheirlessacademicpeers.Myopiaexpertshaven'treachedaconsensusaboutexactlyhowtoslowtherisingtideofnearsightedness.ButoneAustralianresearcherfoundthatkidscouldmaintainhealthyvisionbyspendingthreehoursperdayunderlightlevelsof10,000luxormore.Thisisaboutthelevelexperiencedbysomeoneunderashadytree,wearingsunglasses,onabrightsummerday.Forcomparison,awell-litclassroomisusuallynomorethan500lux.Manyresearchersagreethatkidswhospendmoretimeoutsidewillmaintaingoodvisionformuchlonger,plusthephysicalactivitycouldstaveoffoverweightandimprovemood.Theworkhassparkedanumberofcountriestostartpublichealthcampaignsdesignedtogetkidsoutside.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbyKepler'sexample?Overlearningmightbeacauseofmyopia.Keplerispassionatelyfondofreadingbooks.Studiesoftwinsinthe1960sarenotaccurate.Geneshavenothingtodowithnearsightedness.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"syncsupwith“inParagraph3probablymean?A.takeschargeof B.getsridofC.keepsinstepwith D.getsintouchwithWhatisthepurposeofthetext?Toexplaintheexactcausesofnearsightedness.Toreportresearchfindingsofnearsightedness.Toexpressconcernovertheriseinnearsightedness.Towarnthepublicofthedangerofnearsightedness.Treesareabletodefendthemselvesagainstdiseases.Theyhavebothprotectivestructuresandprotectiveprocesses.ThanksinlargeparttoresearchdonebyDr.AlexShigo,wenowknowagreatdealmoreaboutthewaytreesprotectthemselvesthanwedid50yearsago.Justasourskinkeepsharmfulbacteriaontheoutside,bark（树皮）keepsouttreediseases.Sincetheycan'tmovearoundtoavoiddangers,treesneedthicker“skin"thanwedo.Livingandnon-livingtissuesprotecttreetrunks,roots,andbranchesfrommechanicalinjury,dryingout,anddiseases.Butwhensomethingdestroysthisfirstlineofdefense—tearsthroughthebark一whathappensinternallyisinteresting.Whenaninjuryoccurs,atreewilltransformsomeofitsstoredsugarstomakemassesofdefensivechemicals,whicharethendistributedinaspecificpatterninternallyaroundthewound.Dr.Shigowasthefirsttodocumentthispattern,whichhecalledCODIT-Compartmentalization（分室化）ofDecay（腐烂）inTrees.InmakingtheseCODITcompartments,treesformchemicalwallstoprotectthemselvesfrominfection.Thesuccessofthiswalling-offprocessdependsalotonthespecies.Hardmaple,forinstance,cangenerateastrongCODITresponsewhilespecieslikesoftmapleachieveonlyanaveragelevel.Some,ontheotherhand,barelymanagetoformanychemicalwalls.Overalltreevitalityisanotherimportantfactor.Evenahardmaplemaynotbeabletoformstrongchemicalwallsififsinaweakstate.Bydefinition,landscapetreesarestressedascomparedtotheirforest-livingcousins.Astreettreeisworseoff,facedwithlimitedrootspace,airpollution,andmore.Thesizeoftheinjuryalsomakesadifference.Evenahealthytreecanhaveitsdefensesdestroyedbyalargewound.Humanscanhelpmaximizetrees'defensecapabilitybywateringduringdryseasons,keepingthingsoutoftherootzone,etc.Inreturn,treeswillhelpkeepusingoodhealthbyofferingshade,beauty,andcompanionship.Whatwillhappenfirstifdiseasescomeclosetotrees?A.Infectionwilloccurinternally. B.BarkwillprovideprotectionC.Chemicalwallswilltakeeffect. D.Defensechemicalswillbeformed.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofDr.Shigo'sresearch?Groundbreaking.B.Conservative.C.Ambiguous.D.Straightforward.9.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoconveybymentioninghardmapleinParagraph4?A.TreescanformchemicalwallsThesizeoftheinjuryaffectsCODIT.Treescannotprotectthemselvesifweakened.TheeffectivenessofCODITvariesamongspecies.10.Whatcanmostlikelybethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Thegiftofthetrees. B.ThemagicofCODIT.C,Thefunctionofthebark. D.Theself-preservationofthetrees.二、七选五Theworldhasbeenwitnessingagrowingnumberofcountrieswherepeoplefromaroundtheglobelivetogetherandcommunicatewitheachother,withvariouscustomsandbeliefscoexisting.AmericaandSingaporearetypicalexamples.Distinctculturesmergeintoacommonculturalcontextformankind.11Cultureshapesouridentityandinfluencesourbehaviors,andculturaldiversitymakesus试卷第4页，共9页accept,ortosomeextent,evenintegrateandassimilate（同化）intoothercultures.Toadapttoadiverseculturalcommunity,thefundamentalthingistobeawarethattherearedifferentculturesapartfromourown.12Sometimesapersonmaynotknowmuchaboutgeographyorhistory,butbymixingwithpeoplefromothercultures,theymayhavetheopportunitytolearnmoreaboutdifferentcountries.Forthosewhowanttolearnbutdonotknowwheretostart,agreatpointistopickupabookabouttheculturetheyareinterestedin,ordosomeonlineresearchonreputablewebsites.13Onemorewaytostartlearningaboutnewculturesissimplytastingthefoodfromdifferentcultures,sincefoodcanalsobeanaspectofculturaldiversity.14Ifsthesamefbrchildrentoo,especiallyforthosewholiveinculturallydiversecitiessuchasLosAngeles,Shanghai,orHongKong.Ifchildrenarenotawareofdiversity,thentheybecomeclose-minded.Thiscanleadtotroublesatschoolandevenleadtobullying.Showthemhowdiversetheworldis.15Intoday'sworld,ifweareabletoknowaboutothercultures,andrespectothervalues,lifewillbeeasierforus.Understandingdiversityisimportantforadults.Herearesomewaystofightagainstculturalprejudices.Thebestwaytolearn,though,isthroughface-to-faceinteraction.That'swhymoreofusfeelasifwearelivinginamulticulturalage.Takeapositiveviewofdifferentcultures,andwecanbroadenourhorizons.Helpthembemoreopen-mindedtowardpeopleofdifferentraces,cultures,andcountries.G.Inmanymulticulturalcommunities,thebestrepresentationofdiversitycanbefoundinschools.三、完形填空PeterlovedhiswifeMarion,lovedadventure,andlovedhiscampervan（里予营车）calledSchoen.ThepairmadenumerousunforgettableroadtripsinSchoen.ButafterMariondied,the16Schoenhadfewerandfeweroutings.WithSchoen'sadventuringdays17over,Peterdecidedtoputitupfor18 .Eliseandherhusband,Domenic,hadalwaysdreamedofowningtheirown"happinessbus"andtravelinginacampervan.Oneday,Elise19thesalesinformationonSchoenandthecouple20decidedtotakealook.ElisefellinlovewithSchoenatfirstsight,butPeteraskedfor$39,000,welloutsidetheir21 .Feelingextremely22 .thecoupleleft.6€Wewere23tohavemetPeter,“saidElise."Wesharedwithhimourstoryanddreamofowningavanlikethat.”Afewdayslater,Petercalledto24thembackforasecondlook.25,theyoungcouplecameagain,butwithoutmuch26Petersaidhehadsofarreceivedtwo27forSchoen,andbothmethisaskingprice.Buttheywerefrom28,whichwouldlikelymeanthevan's29gatheringdustinagarageordisplay.PeteraskedhowmuchthecouplewouldbeabletoDomenictoldhimthemosttheycouldspendwasaroundhalfofwhathewasPeter,holdingbacktearshimself,toldthemhewould32theirofferonlyiftheypromisedtohaveadventureswithSchoen.NowSchoenisongloriousadventuressomewhere,33EliseandDomeniccreatewonderfulfamily34."PeterisdefinitelyaheroforusJsaysElise."FindingSchoenandmakingthattoPeterhadtotallychangedourlife/5A.neatly-decorA.seeminglyA.exchangeA.cameacrossA.neatly-decorA.seeminglyA.exchangeA.cameacrossA.abruptlyA.salaryA.annoyedA.gratefulA.informA.FrightenedA.expectationA.lettersA.collectorsA.normallyA.receiveC,much-anticipatedB.finallyB.rentB.figuredoutB.randomlyB.targetB,disappointedB.regretfulB.warnB.DiscouragedB.hesitationB.offersB,tradersB.hardlypurchaseB.well-traveledD.world-famousC.definitelyC.donationC,gotthroughC.cautiouslyC.budgetC.shockedC.considerateC.inviteC.SatisfiedC,intentionC.invitationsC,painterssimplyC,presentD.consequentlyD.saleD.tookoffD.instantlyD.scheduleD,worriedD.sensitiveD.requestD.AttractedD.determinationD.deliveriesD.driversD.completelyafford31.A.askingB.planningC.imagingD.arguing32.A.evaluateB.compareC.acceptD.ignore33.A.remindingB.helpingC.forcingD.convincing34.A.partiesB.relativesC,affairsD.memories35.A.promiseB.excuseC,explanationD.decision四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Possessing36 historyofover2200years,Chinesepainting,originallywaspursuedbyrichpeople.Then,itbecamepopulararound581A.D.withanincreasingnumberofpeople37(show)theappreciationofitsbeauty.Writingbrushes,inkandpaperarebasictoolsandmaterialsforChinesepainting.Thebrushismostlymadeofgoat,wolf38foxhair,whichissoftandstringyforproducingbrushes.Theinkstickisproducedwithamixtureofpinesoot(松烟)andanimalglue.Ifsusedin(combine)withaninkstone.Thepainterwetstheinkstoneandthengrinds(研磨)theinkstickonthestone,makingtheinkrunsothatitcanbeusedforpainting.ManyChineseancientartworkswerecreatedonsilk.However,silkwasexpensivethatonlyveryimportantpaintingswoulduseit.Bythefirstcentury,whentheearlyformofpaperwasinvented,it 41 (become)alotcheapertopaint.Chinesepaintingsenjoyworldwidefame 42 itsoriginalstyle,distinctivefeaturesandspecialtechniques.Itconcentratesonharmonybetweenmanandnature.WhenlookingataChinesepainting,youmaynot43(initial)realizeitscomplexconcept.Infact,muchremains44(acquire)abouttraditionalChinesepaintinganditselements.ThroughappreciatingChinesepainting,youwillhavea45(good)understandingoftraditionalChinesecultureanddeepenyourinsightintoChinesepeople.五、邀请信46.假定你是李华，你的艺术老师Mr.Wang将举办在线讲座，介绍剪纸的历史和剪纸的创作技巧。请给你的新西兰朋友Peter写一封邮件，邀请他观看。内容包括：1.讲座内容；2.邀请理由；3.时间和观看方式。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。六、读后续写47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Itwasabreaktimeatthevillageschool.Thebellhadrung,andthechildrenhadrunoutintothebrightsunshine,wildwithlaughterandfun.Theychasedaftereachotherandplayedheartily,withgiggleslingeringintherelaxingatmosphere.AllbutpoorDavy.Hecameoutlastandveryslowly,buthedidnotlaugh.Hewasintrouble,andthebright,goldensunlightdidnotmakehimglad.Hewalkedacrosstheyard,andsatdownonastonebehin