仁爱英语初一上学期知识点归纳精华版

初一上英语知识点Unit1MakingNewFriends【重点短语】1.goodmorning/afternoon/evening清晨/下午/晚上好2.glad/nicetomeet/seeyou见到你很高兴3.welcometo+地址欢迎到达let’s+让v我们做standup起立sitdown坐下thisis...这是thanks=thankyou谢谢seeyou=seeyoulater=goodbye再见IDnumber身份证号码befrom=comefrom来自inEnglish用英语【重要句型】---What’syourname?---MynameisSally.---Whereareyoufrom?---I’mfromChina.---Wheredoyoucomefrom?---IcomefromChina.---Whereishe/shefrom?---He/SheisfromJapan.4.---What’sthis/thatinEnglish?---It’sa/an---What’rethese/thoseinEnglish?---They’re---Howdoyouspellit?---E-R-A-S-E-R,eraser.---Canyouspellit?---Yes,M-A-P,map.—Howoldareyou/ishe/arethey?—I’m/Heis/Theyareeleven.—What’syourtelephonenumber?—It’s4567967.—Whatclass/gradeareyouin?—I’minClassTen,GradeSeven（.注意大小写）Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.—Nice/Gladtosee/meetyou.—Nice/Gladtosee/meetyou,too.—WelcometoChina/myhome.—Thanks.—Howdoyoudo?—Howdoyoudo?16.—Howareyou?—Fine,thankyou.Andyou?—I’mOK.—Seeyouthen/later.—Seeyou.—Goodbye.—Bye.19.—Thankyou.—You’rewelcome./That’sOK./Notatall.【重点语法】元音字母：AaEeIiOoUu包含有以下元音的字母：AaHhJjKk[i:]EeBbCcDdGgPpTtVv[a?]IiYy[ju:]UuQqWw[e]FfLlMmNnSsXxZz大小写句首字母，人名，地名，称呼语，专出名词，星期的首字母要大写，引人注意。Look！IsthatJane?HecomesfromHubei,China.Mr.Wang,thisismymom.—Whatclassareyouin?—I’minClassTen,GradeSeven.?OnSunday,wegototheWestHillforapicnic.3.Be动词的用法?我用am，你用are，is用于他、她、它，单数用is，复数就用are。?含be动词的陈述句变否认句在be后加not，变一般疑问句将be提早。一般疑问句的肯定回答：Yes,人称代词+be；否认回答：No,人称代词+be+not。如：---Theyareteachers.---Theyarenotteachers.---Aretheyteachers?---Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.不定冠词、定冠词和and的用法不定冠词a,an的用法a/an都表示“一，一个”，a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,如：abook;adesk;an用在以元音音素开头的单词前，如：anapple/anorange/anEnglishbook;/anEnglishboy/anoldman;/anactor/anEnglishteacher/anofficeworker.(2)the是定冠词，表特指，单复数前面都可用Weareinthesameclass.ThegirlinapinkskirtisJane.Whereisthebook??Thisisnmy’tbike.Theblueoneismine.(3)and的用法?数字相加看做单数：?颜色相加也是单数:?人和事物相加是复数：

Twoandthreeisfive.Blackandwhiteisgray.LucyandLilyaresisters.The

penandtheeraserareJane

’s.可数名词单数变复数（1）规则变化①一般在名词词尾加-s，如：car---cars;photo---photos;toy---toys;boy---boys②以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词，在词尾加--es，如：box---boxes;bus--buses③以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加es，如：baby--babies;family--families4）以fe结尾，变fe为v再加es，如：knife---knives（2）不规则变化如：foot---feet;man---men;woman---women;snowman---snowmen;3）集体名词：people,clothes,police,family4）成双出现的名词：shoes,pants(trousers),gloves,eyes,ears.一词多义：Anorange（桔子）isorange（橙色的）.Unit2LookingDifferent【重点短语】1.givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.把某物给某人Pleasegiveittoher.2.lookthesame长相相同lookdifferent长相不同，看起来不同样3.looklike看起来像Helookslikehisfather.=Heandhisfatherlookthesame.4.nextto在旁边Theboynexttomeismygoodfriend.5.in+颜色衣着颜色的衣服in+a/an+颜色+衣服衣着颜色的TheboyinayellowT-shirtandgraypantsismygoodfriend.6.(1)both两者都（be动词之后，实义动词以前）Theybothhavebrownhairandblackeyes.Theyarebothofficeworkers.(2)all三者或三者以上都Theyareallkindtome.数字+(形状、大小)+颜色+n.twobigredapplesShehasshortblondhair.【重点句型】Whoisyourfavoriteactor?Weareinthesameschool,butweareindifferentgrades.3.Whatdo/does+主语+looklike?长得怎么样？---Whatdoeshelooklike?---Heisnotverytallbutverystrong.4.Wedon’tlookthesame,butwearegoodfriends.Welookthesame,butweareindifferentclothes.5.---Whatcoloris/are+主语？---It’s/They颜’色re.+---Whatcolorisherhair?---It’sblond.6.Thisismycap.=Thiscapismine.Isthisyourcap?=Isthiscapyours?---Whosecapisthis?=Whoseisthiscap?---It’sSally’s.---Whosearethesebananas?---They’retheirbananas/theirs.Hispantsareblueandminearewhite.(mine=mypants)MyT-shirtisgreenandhisisbrown.(his=hisT-shirt)Ihavesmalleyes,buthehasbigones.（ones指代eyes）Myjacketisblueandwhite.Thatoneisblue.（one指代jacket）【重点语法】动词原形和动词第三人称单数形式（1）主语是第三人称单数形式（he、she、it；单调的人；单调的名字；单调的事物），动词要用单三形式。实义动词变第三人称单数的规则：①一般情况直接加“s，”如：come---comes，meet---meets②动词以o，s，sh，ch,x结尾，加“es，”如：do--does;go--goes;teach--teaches③以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i，再加es,如：study--studies,fly--flies,try--tries④特殊情况：have--has（2）句型变换①当主语为第三人称单数：变否认句时，在动词前加doesn’t,动词现原形；变一般疑问句时，在句首加does，动词现原形。一般疑问句的肯定回答：Yes,人称代词如：Shehassmalleyes.

+does；否认回答：

No,

人称代词

+doesn’t.Shedoesn’thavesmalleyes.---Doesshehavesmalleyes?---Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn’t.②当主语为第一、第二人称变否认句，在动词前加don’t，变一般疑问句，在句首加do，肯定回答：Yes,人称代词+do；否认回答：No，人称代词+don’t.Theyhavesmalleyes.Theydon’thavesmalleyes.Dotheyhavesmalleyes?---Yes,theydo./No,theydon’t.表示所属关系（1）名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词形容词性物主代词myyourhisherourtheirits名词性物主代词mineyourshishersourstheirsits?--Whoseisthispen?Isityours??--No,it’snotmine.Mypenisblue.（2）名词所有格①用于人或其他表示有生命的名词后：?单数或不以s结尾的复数+’s，如：Jane’sbook；Women’sDay?以s结尾的复数+’如：Teachers’Day?Lucy’sandLily’分s有bagsLucyandLily’sroom共有ThoseareJane’sshoes.=ThoseshoesareJane’s.②of表示所属关系，用于没有生命的物体，如：amapofChina；aphotoofmyfamilyUnit3GettingTogether【重点短语和句型】Couldyouplease+动词原形？用来表示委婉的恳求---Couldyoupleasetellmeyourname?Sure/Noproblem.MynameisSally.Sorry.2.tellsb.sth.=tellsth.tosb.告诉某人某事tellsb.aboutsth.告诉某人对于某事Pleasetellmeyourname.=Pleasetellyournametome.PleasetellMariaaboutit.请把这件事告诉玛丽亚吧。3.helpsb.dosth.=helpsb.withsth.在某方面帮助某人，帮助某人做某事Pleasehelpusfindhim.CouldyoupleasehelpmewithEnglish?=CouldyoupleasehelpmestudyEnglish?4.wanttodosth.=wouldliketodosth.想要做某事wantsth.=wouldlikesth.想要某物wantsb.todosth.想要某人做HewantstovisitBeijing.=HewouldliketovisitBeijing.Iwant/wouldlikeanorange.JanewantsKangkangtosingsomesongswithher.5.showsth.tosb.=showsb.sth.把某物展示给某人看MariashowsaphotoofherfamilytoKangkang.6.MyEnglishisverygood.=IcanspeakEnglishverywell.7.livein+地址居住在某地livewith+sb.和某人住HeliveinChinawithhisparents.8.knowalotabout知道很多对于的事say表示说话的内容，speak表示说某种语言的能力Whatdoeshesayintheletter?HecanspeaksomeEnglish.对事物的喜欢程度likeverymuch/alot特别喜欢likealittle有点喜欢don’tlikeat一all点都不喜欢alotof+可数名词复数/不可数名词12.everyday每日eachother相互someofthem他们中的一些eatout下馆子，到外面吃饭13.playwithsb.和某人一块玩耍liketodo/doingsth.喜欢(做)某事ShelikestoplaywithKitty.Helpyourself/yourselvestosth.随便吃(喝)bekindtosb.对某人很友好Theyareallkindtome.他们对我很友好。It’sverykindofyou你.真好。16.begladtodosth.很高兴(乐意)做Iamverygladtobehere.我很乐意在这里。Gladtomeetyou.很高兴见到你。17.letsb.dosth.让某人做某事Letmesee.让我想一想。Letushelpyoufindhim.让我们帮助你找到他。18.Iamhome.我到家了。Mariaisn’tathome/innow玛丽.亚现在不在家。Welcometomyhome.欢迎来我家。It’stimetogohome该.回家了。【单元知识点详解】实义动词变一般疑问句及其回答---DoeshespeakEnglish?--Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.2.询问职业及工作地址---Whatdoesyourmotherdo?(书面)/Whatisyourmother?(口语)SheisanEnglishteacher.---Wheredoesshework?Sheworks/teaches/studiesinaschool/hospital/restaurant/onafarm/inanoffice...3.介绍家人Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.Theyoungwomaninredismymother.Istheyoungwomaninredyourmother?(变一般疑问句)Whoistheyoungwomaninred?(对划线部分提问)Mygrandparents,mycousinandIareonthesofa.Ihaveabigfamily.我有一个大家庭。Ilovemyfamily.我爱我的家。就餐表达语1)---Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?想不想喝些东西？---Yes,aglassofapplejuice,please./No,thanks.somethingtodrink一些喝的东西somethingtoeat一些吃的东西2)---Whatwouldyouliketohave/eat/drink?你想吃（喝）些什么？---I’dlikesomericeandchicken./Letmesee.我想想看。3)Wouldyouliketohavedinnerwithme?想和我共进晚餐吗？---Yes,I’dloveto./Yes,I’dliketo.---I’msorry,Ihaveto4)---Whatdoyouusuallyhaveforbreakfast?你往常早餐吃什么？---Iusuallyhavemilkandbreadforbreakfast.haveforbreakfast/lunch/dinner早/午/晚餐吃......5)---MayItakeyourorder,sir?请问，要点菜了吗？---Fishwithvegetablesandrice,please.6)MayIhelpyou?=CanIhelpyou?=WhatcanIdoforyou?请问要吃/喝/买些什么？委婉地恳求、提建议的五种表达Wouldyoulikesth./todo你愿意?/想？What/Howaboutsth./doing怎么?样？Whynotdo?为什么不？Let’sdo让!我们干吧！Whydon’tyoudo为什?么不？肯定回答:Yes,I’dlike/loveto./Goodidea./OK./Allright./I否认回答:No,thanks./I’msorryIcan’t,Ihavetodo【重点语法】

/I

’dlovethat.’dlikethat,butI

’msorryIhavenotime.人称代词的主格与宾格点拨：主格在句子中充任主语，放在动词以前；宾格放在动词之后组成动宾短语，放在介词之后组成介宾短语。主格I

we

you

he

she

it

they宾格meusyouhimheritthem---Doyouknowthem?---Yes.Theyaremynewclassmates.可数名词与不可数名词1）可数名词：能够用数目来计数的名词，有单数和复数之分。如：banana,egg,apple,orange,noodles,vegetable,hamburger等。（2）不可数名词：不能用详细的数目来表示，前面不能加a/an，没有复数形式。如：milk,chicken,bread,Coke,coffee,rice,juice,fish,tea,water,chocolate等。（3）不可数名词若要表示数量，可用：数词+量词+of+不可数名词。如：aglassofmilk一杯牛奶；tenbottlesofapplejuice十瓶橙汁；tenloavesofbread十条面包（4）some/alotof+可数名词的复数/不可数名词many+可数名词的复数much+不可数名词【书信的格式】称呼：顶格写，常用Dear开头，表示和蔼、客套，后边用逗号。正文：从称呼的下一行开始写，开头空两格。3.结束语：正文下面的客套话，写在右下角，首字母大写，末尾用逗号，常用Yours。签名：指写信人的签名，写在结束语的下面。Unit4Havingfun【重点短语和句型】1.buysth.forsb.=buysb.sth.为某人买Lindawantstobuyatoycarforhercousin.=Lindawantstobuyhercousinatoycar.2.tryonsth.=trysth.on试穿tryit/themon(固定搭配)Mariatriesonthecoatinaclothesshop.3.Thecoatlooksveryniceonyou.你穿上这件外套真漂亮。4.That’sfine.We’ll好take的，it我.们就买它了。Iamjustlooking.我只是随便看看。“Areyoukidding?你在开”玩笑吗？think想，认为thinkabout考虑thinkof认为Kangkangthinksit’sLiMing’s.I’llthinkaboutit.我要考虑一下。thinkaboutaplan考虑一项计划Thankyouallthesame.仍旧感谢你。getsomewate取水flyakite/kites放风筝singsomesongs唱歌meetfriendsathome在家和朋友会面haveapicnic=go(out)forapicnic去野餐getup起床gohome回家gofishing去垂钓goshopping=dosomeshopping购物gotothezoo去动物园gototheWestHill去西山visitafriend拜见朋友callback回电话doone’shomework造作业takeone’sorder点菜takesomebread带一些面包seetheMonkeyShow看猴子表演asksb.todosth.请/要某人做某事Couldyouaskhertocallmebackthisevening?你能让她今晚给我回个电话吗？needsth./todosth.需要(做)某事have/hastodosth.不得不/必须做Kangkanghastocook.康康必须要做饭。Kangkangdoesn’thavetocook变.否(定句)save节俭，攒钱，挽救14.here这里there那边Hereyouare.给你。Hereitis.在这。---WhereisBabyMonkey’shome?---It’sthere.15.befree=havetime有时间，有空I’msorryIhavenotime.=I’msorryIdon’thaveanytime.16.Ittime’stodosth/forsth.该做某事了，是做某事的时候了It’stimetohavebreakfast.=It’stimeforbreakfast.17.Thankyouforyourhelp.=Thankyouforhelpingme.谢谢你的帮忙。18.ateighto’在clock八点整inthemorning/afternoon/evening在清晨/下午/晚上onSundaymoring在星期天清晨19.onone’swayhome在某人回家的路上onone’swaytoschool在上学的路上Buysomeeggsandriceonyourwayhome.TheBabyMonkeycan’tfindhiswayhome.【单元知识点详解】购物表达语1)---CanIhelpyou?/MayIhelpyou?---Yes,please.Iwanttobuysomeclothesformydaughter./I’mjustlooking,thanks.---WhatcanIdoforyou?---IwantaT-shirtformyson.---CanItryiton?/Whynottrythemon?---Sure/Noproblem.4)That’sfine.We’lltakeit.280yuan!Areyoukidding?Ihinkabout’lltit.Thankyouallthesame.---Couldyouhelpmedosomeshopping?Sure.Whatdoweneed?7)---Isthatall?就那些吗？Yes,Ithinkso.是的，我想就这些。8)---It’stooheavy它.太重了。---Letmehelpyou.让我帮助你吧。2.询问对事物的观点、见解---Howdoyoulikethispairofpants?=Whatdoyouthinkofthispairofpants?你认为这条裤子怎么样？---They’retoolong./Idonat’allt.likeHowitabouttheblueone?3.询问数量howmuch+不可数名词+？howmany+可数名词(复数)+？---Howmanyapplesdoyouneed?---Weneedtwokilosofapples.---Howmanybagsofricedoyouneed?---Weneedfivebagsofrice.---Howmuchricedoyouneed?---Weneedfivebagsofrice.4.询问价钱(price)---Howmuchis/are？---It’s/They’re.---Howmuchisthebread?---It’sthreeyuanaloaf.---Howmuc