2018英语二阅读逆袭直播讲义

阅读逆袭阅读逆袭讲主讲：2017阅读讲①EverySaturdaymorning,at9am,morethan50,000runnerssetofftorun5kmaroundtheirlocalpark.②TheParkrunphenomenonbeganwithadozenfriendsandhasinspired400eventsintheUKandmoreabroad.③Eventsare,staffedbythousandsofvolunteers.④Runnersrangefromfouryearsoldtograndparents;theirtimesrangefromAndrewBaddeley’sworldrecord13minutes48secondsuptoanhour.①ParkrunissucceedingwhereLondon’sOlympic“legacy”isfailing.②TenyearsagoonMonday,itwasannouncedthattheGamesofthe30thOlympiadwouldbeinLondon.③nning spledgedthatthegreatlegacyoftheGameswouldbetoleveranationofsportloversawayfromtheircouches.④Thepopulationwouldbefitter,healthier,andproducemorewinners.⑤Ithasnothappened.⑥Thenumberofadultsngweeklysportdidrise,bynearly2millionintherun-upto2012—butthegeneralpopulationwasgrowingfaster.⑦Worse,thenumbersarenowfallingatanacceleratingrate.⑧Theoppositionclaimsprimaryschoolpupilsngatleasttwohoursofsportaweekhavenearlyhalved.⑨Obesityhasrisenamongadultsandchildren.⑩OfficialretrospectionscontinueastowhyLondon2012failedto“inspireageneration.”⑪ThesuccessofParkrunoffersanswers.好消息经教务老师再三协调时间，蒋老师火爆六年的“临门一脚”终于敲定了2018临门一脚（12月20日三天 最后一脚，自信满满考场扫 报①Parkrunisnotaracebutatimetrial:Youronlycompetitoristheclock.②Theethos anybody.③Thereisasmuchjoyoverapuffed-outfirst-timerbeingclappedoverthelineasthereisabouttoptalentshining.④TheOlympicbidders,bycontrast,wantedtogetmorepeoplengsportsandtoproducemoreeliteathletes.⑤Thedualaimwasmixedup:Thestressonsuccessovertakingpartwasintimidatingfor①Indeed,thereissomethingalittleabsurdinthestategettinginvolvedinthenningofsuchafundamentally“grassroots”conceptascommunitysportsassociations.②Ifthereisaroleforernment,itshouldreallybegettinginvolvedinprovidingcommongoods—makingsurethereisspaceforyingfieldsandthemoneytopavetennisandnetballcourts,andencouragingtheprovisionofalltheseactivitiesinschools.③Butsuccessiveernmentshavepresidedoversellinggreenspaces,squeezingmoneyfromanddecliningattentiononsportineducation.④Insteadofwordy,worthystrategies,futureernmentsneedtodomoretoprovidetheconditionsforsporttothrive.⑤Oratleastnotmakethemworse.AccordingtoParagraph1,Parkrun gainedgreatcreatedmanyeanofficialTheauthorbelievesthatLondon’sOlympic“legacy”hasfailed boostpopulationpromotesportimprovethecity’sincreasesporthoursinParkrunisdifferentfromOlympicgamesinthat aimsatdiscoveringfocusesonmassdoesnotemphasizedoesnotattractfirst-Withregardtomasssport,theauthorholdsthaternments superviselocalsportsincreasefundsforsportsclubs[D]investinpublicsportsfacilitiesTheauthor’sattitudetowhat ernmentshavedoneforsports [C] [D]①Withsomuchfocusonchildren’suseofscreens,it’seasyforparentstoforgetabouttheirownscreen②“Techisdesignedtoreallysuckyouin,”saysJennyRadeskyinherstudyofdigitaly,“anddigitalproductsaretheretopromote alengagement.③Itmakesithardtodisengage,andleadstoalotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine.”①Radeskyhasstudiedtheuseofphonesandtabletsatmealtimesbygivingmother-childpairsafood-testingexercise.②Shefoundthatmotherswhouseddevicesduringtheexercisestarted20percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernonverbalinctionswiththeirchildren.③Duringaseparateobservation,shesawthatphonesbecameasourceoftensioninthefamily.④Parentswouldbelookingattheirswhilethechildrenwouldbemakingexcitedbidsfortheirattention.①Infantsarewiredtolookatparents’facestotrytounderstandtheirworld,andifthosefacesareblankandunresponsive—astheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadevice—itcanbeextremelydisconcertingforthechildren.②Radeskycitesthe“stillfaceexperiment”devisedbydevelopmentalpsychologistEDTronickinthe1970s.③Init,amotherisaskedtoinctwithherchildinanormalwaybeforeputtingonablankexpressionandnotgivingthemanyvisualsocialfeedback:Thechild esincreasinglydistressedasshetriestocapturehermother’sattention.④“Parentsdon’thavetobeexquisiypresentatalltimes,butthereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoachild’sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed,”says①Ontheotherhand,Tronickhimselfisconcernedthattheworriesaboutkids’useofscreensarebornoutofan“oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbein cting”withtheirchildren:“It’sbasedonasomewhatfantasized,verywhite,veryupper-middle-classideologythatsaysifyou’refailingtoexposeyourchildto30,000wordsyouareneglectingthem.”②Tronickbelievesthatjustbecauseachildisn’tlearningfromthescreendoesn’tmeanthere’snovaluetoit—particularlyifitgivesparentstimetohaveashower,dohouseworkorsimplyhaveabreakfromtheirchild.③Parents,hesays,cangetalotoutofusingtheirdevicestospeaktoafriendorgetsomeworkoutoftheway.④Thiscanmakethemfeelhappier,whichletsthembeavailabletotheirchildtherestoftheAccordingtoJennyRadesky,digitalproductsaredesigned simplifyroutineabsorbuserbetterinteralincreaseworkRadesky’sfood-testingexerciseshowsthatmothers’useof slowsdownbabies’verbalRadeskycitesthe“stillfaceexperiment”toshow itiseasyforchildrentogetusedtoblankverbalexpressionsareunnecessaryforemotionalchildrenareinsensitivetochangesintheirparents’parentsneedtorespondtochildren’semotionalTheoppressiveideologymentionedbyTronicrequiresparents protectkidsfromexposuretowildteachtheirkidsatleast30,000wordsaensureconstant ctionwiththeirremainconcernedaboutkids’useofAccordingtoTronic,kids’useofscreens givetheirparents maketheirparentsmorehelpthemwithhelp emore①Today,widespreadsocialpressuretoimmediaygotocollegeinconjunctionwithincreasinglyhighexpectationsinafast-movingworldoftencausesstudentstocompleyoverlookthepossibilityoftakingagapyear.②Afterall,ifeveryoneyouknowisgoingtocollegeinthefall,itseemssillytostaybackayear,doesn’tit?③Andaftergoingtoschoolfor12years,itdoesn’tfeelnaturaltospendayearngsomethingthat①Butwhilethismaybetrue,it’snotagoodenoughreasontocondemngapyears.②There’salwaysaconstantfearoffallingbehindeveryoneelseonthesociallyperpetuated“racetothefinishline,”whetherthatbetowardgraduateschool,medicalschoolorlucrativecareer.③Butdespitecommonmisconceptions,agapyeardoesnothinderthesuccessofacademicpursuits—infact,itprobablyenhancesit.①StudiesfromtheUnitedStatesandAustraliashowthatstudentswhotakeagapyeararegenerallybetterpreparedforandperformbetterincollegethanthosewhodonot.②Ratherthanpullingstudentsback,agapyearpushesthemaheadbypreparingthemforindependence,newresponsibilitiesandenvironmentalchanges—allthingsthatfirstyearstudentsoftenstrugglewiththemost.③Gapyearexperiencescanlessentheblowwhenitcomestoadjustingtocollegeandbeingthrownintoabrandnewenvironment,makingiteasiertofocusonacademicsandactivitiesratherthanacclimation①Ifyou’renotconvincedoftheinherentvalueintakingayearofftoexploreinterests,thenconsideritsfinancialimpactonfutureacademicchoices.②AccordingtotheNationalCenterforEducationStatistics,nearly80percentofcollegestudentsendupchangingtheirmajorsatleastonce.③Thisisn’tsurprising,consideringthebasicmandatoryhighschoolcurriculumleavesstudentswithapoorunderstandingofthevastacademicpossibilitiesthatawaitthemincollege.④Manystudentsfindthemselveslistingonemajorontheircollegeapplications,butswitchingtoanotheraftertakingcollegeclasses.⑤It’snotnecessarilyabadthing,butdependingontheschool,itcanbecostlytomakeupcreditsafterswitchingtoolateinthegame.⑥AtBostonCollege,forexample,youwouldhavetocompleteanextrayearwereyoutoswitchtothenursingschoolfromanotherdepartment.⑦Takingagapyeartofigurethingsoutinitiallycanhelppreventstressandsavemoneylateron.Oneofthereasonsforhigh-schoolgraduatesnottakingagapyearis theythinkitacademicallytheyhavealotoffuntoexpectinitfeelsstrangetododifferentlyfromitseemsworthlesstotakeoff-campusStudiesfromtheUSandAustraliaimplythattakingagapyear keepstudentsfrombeinglowerrisksinchoosingrelievefreshmenofTheword“acclimation”(Line8,Para.3)isclosestinmeaning [B] [D]Agapyearmaysavemoneyforstudentsbyhel switchtoanotherdecideontherightThemostsuitabletitleforthistextwould InFavoroftheGapTheABCsoftheGapTheGapYearComes①Thoughoftenviewedasaproblemforwesternstates,thegrowingfrequencyofwildfiresisanationalconcernbecauseofitsimpactonfederaltaxdollars,saysProfessorMaxMoritz,aspecialistinfireecologyand①In2015,theUS Serviceforthefirsttimespentmorethanhalfofits$5.5billionannualbudgetfightingfires—nearlydoublethepercentageitspentonsuchefforts20yearsago.②Ineffect,fewerfederalfundstodayaregoingtowardstheagency’sotherwork—suchas conservation,watershedandculturalresourcesmanagement,andinfrastructureupkeep—thataffectthelivesofallAmericans.①Anothernationwideconcerniswhetherpublicfundsfromotheragenciesaregoingintoconstructioninfire-pronedistricts.②AsMoritzputsit,howoftenarefederaldollarsbuildinghomesthatarelikelytobelosttoawildfire?①“It’salreadyahugeproblemfromapublicexpenditureforthewholecountry,”hesays.②Weneedtotakeamagnifyingglasstothat.③Like,“Waitaminute,isthisOK?”“Dowewantinsteadtoredirectthosefundstoconcentrateonlower-hazardpartsofthelandscape?”①SuchaviewwouldrequireacorrespondingshiftinthewayUSsocietytodayviewsfire,researchers①Foronething,conversationsaboutwildfiresneedtobemoreinclusive.②Overthepastdecade,thefocushasbeenonclimatechange—howthewarmingoftheEarthfromgreenhousegasesisleadingtoconditionsthatworsenfires.①Whileclimateisakeyelement,Moritzsays,itshouldn’tcomeattheexpenseoftherestofthe①“Thehumansystemsandthelandscapesweliveonarelinked,andthe ctionsgobothways,”he②Failingtorecognizethat,henotes,leadsto“anoverlysimplifiedviewofwhatthesolutionsmightbe.③perceptionoftheproblemandofwhatthesolution esvery①Atthesametime,peoplecontinuetotreatfireasaneventthatneedstobewhollycontrolledandunleashedonlyoutofnecessity,saysProfessorBalchatthe