2019年北京中考英语真题及答案

2019年北京中考英语真题及答案

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2019年北京市初中学业水平考试

英语

知识运用(共14分)

一、单项填空(共6分，每小题分)

从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1.Mr.Wangiscomingtoourschool.Ican’twaittosee________．

A.herB.himC.itD.them

2.Weplantedsomeflowers________thegardenyesterday.

A.onB.toC.inD.of

3.—Excuseme,________isthisTshirt?

—It’s88yuan.

A.howmuchB.howmanyC.howlongD.howold

4.—Lily,________youfinishtheletterintenminutes?

—Yes,Ican.

A.mustB.shouldC.needD.can

5.Thiscapisnice,________itdoesn’tlookgoodonme.

A.forB.soC.butD.or

6.Julietakesgoodcareofthefamilydog.Sheis________thanherbrother.

A.patientB.morepatientC.mostpatientD.themostpatient

7.Sam________withhisfriendseveryweekend.

A.skatesB.isskatingC.hasskatedD.wasskating

8.—Tom,what’syourdaddoing?

—He________mybike.

A.repairsB.willrepairC.hasrepairedD.isrepairing

9.Ourschoollife________alotsince2017.Wehavemoreactivitiesnow.

A.changesB.changedC.willchangeD.haschanged

10.IfyouwanttovisitthePalaceMuseum,I________ticketsforyoutomorrow.

A.willbookB.bookedC.havebookedD.wasbooking

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11.Myadviceonhowtosavepaper________bymyclasslastMonday.

A.acceptsB.acceptedC.wasacceptedD.isaccepted

12.—Didyounotice________inheroffice?

—Yes.Shewasgoingoverourwriting.

A.whatwasMissLindoing

B.whatMissLinwasdoing

C.whatdoesMissLindo

D.whatMissLindoes

二、完形填空(共8分，每小题1分)

阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

RunforClassPresident

Twomonthsago,whenourclasselection(选举)started,Idecidedto

runforclasspresident.Ienjoyedspeakinginpublicandgotalongwell

withpeople,soIfeltiteasytowin.ButIwas13thatpeople

wouldfeelbadformeifIlost.

Iwasbusypreparinginthefollowingweek.Myplanwasn’ttomake

promisestodothingsIcouldn’t14buttoshowmyclasswhyI

wantedtobepresident.Iputupmypostersinhallwaysandintheclassroom.Ialsospent

threehourswritingmyspeech,sayingthatIwastheonetheycouldturntowheneverthey

hadaproblem.SinceIwas15prepared,Ifeltthatmychancesofwinningwerestrong.

However,whenIgavemyspeechonElectionDay,theresponse(反应)wasn’twhatIhad

16.Fewpeopleactuallylistened.Whenitwasmyoppoent’s(对手的)turn,everyonewas

screaminghisname.Hisspeechwasshort,butalltothepoint.Bythen,IrealizedIshould

havemademineshorterandclearer.

Itwasobviouswhowould17.Fortherestoftheday,Ifeltlikeitwasover.I

wantedtojustgohomeandcry,butImadeitthrough.

My18wasright:Ididn’twin.

Thenextday,peoplewerestilltalkingabouttheelection.Ijustpretended(假装)not

tohear.Butlater,thingsgotbetter.People19abouttheelectionandtalkedtome

justastheydidbefore.

Idon’tregretputtingtimeandenergyintotheelectionbecauseI’velearnedthat

thingsaren’talwaysgoingthewayIexpect.Andmomentsoffailurelikethisbuild20

—sincethenI’velearnedtofacedisappointmentandgrownstronger.

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13.A.boredB.afraidC.excitedD.hopeful

14.A.compareB.rememberC.manageD.repeat

15.A.fullyB.quicklyC.freshlyD.physically

16.A.fearedB.facedC.mentionedD.pictured

17.A.insistB.returnC.waitD.win

18.A.suggestionB.predictionC.directionD.introduction

19.A.forgotB.wroteC.caredD.discussed

20.A.trustB.prideC.characterD.support

阅读理解(共36分)

三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。(共

26分，每小题2分)

A

ExperiencingChina

Mike,Canada

Ispentthreemonthswithmyhostfamily(接待家庭)inChina.Itwasalifetime

experience.IwasabletoexperienceChineselivingandculture,frombasicTaiChito

BeijingOpera.IevenvisitedafamoustraditionalChinesemedicinehospital.NowIhavea

betterunderstandingofChineseculture.

Joanna,Australia

Istayedwithmyhostfamilyforfivemonths.MyhostmotherisaChineseteacherand

sheisreallywarmhearted.Withherhelp,myChinesehasimprovedalot.AndIhavegot

usedtoanewculture.MyfavoritepartoftheexperiencewassharingmyfeelingsinChina

withher.

Bill,America

Myhostmotherisawonderfulcook!ShemakesmeallkindsoftraditionalChinesedishes.

TheyaretastyandIlikethemverymuch.Justlikeme,myhostparentslovetolearnabout

differentcultures.TheyoftenaskmequestionsaboutlifeinAmerica.

Cindy,Germany

RecentlyItookpartinaprogramtostudyChinese.IlivedwithahostfamilyinChina

forsixmonths.Myhostsisterisareallyhardworkingstudent.Itwasamazingtoseehow

shemadeprogressinEnglish.Andacloserelationshiphasdevelopedbetweenus.

21.WhovisitedatraditionalChinesemedicinehospital?

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A.Mike.B.Joanna.C.Bill.D.Cindy.

22.HowlongdidJoannastaywithherhostfamilyinChina?

A.Threemonths.B.Fourmonths.

C.Fivemonths.D.Sixmonths.

23.Cindythinksherhostsisteris________．

A.awonderfulcookB.aresponsibledoctor

C.awarmheartedteacherD.ahardworkingstudent

B

BlueLightning

Sallylovedcarsmorethananythingelse.Thisspringshe

thoughtofbuildingagokarttoenterfortheGoGoRace.Soshe

askedherdadforhelp.

“Well，”hesaid.“Howaboutthis:youdosomeresearch

firstandthencomebacktomewithadesign.”

Aweeklater,SallybroughthernotesanddrawingstoDad.Shenamedhergokart“Blue

Lightning”.Dadlookedoverherwork,thinking.“Well,that’sinteresting，”hesaid.

“Haveatry.JustbuildBlueLightningasyou’vedesigned.”

Overthreeweekendsofhardwork,Sallyturnedherdesignintoareal,workinggokart

andpainteditlightblue.Dadaskedhertotakeitforatestdrive.Sallyagreed.

Aftershedidthat,SallydrovebacktoDad.“Well，”shesaid.“NowIknowwhyyou

wantedmetohaveatestdrive.”

“Oh,doyou？”hesaid.“Pleaseshare.”

“WhenIdrovefast,therewasalotofpushback，”shesaid.“Ithinkit’sbecause

ofthelightningbolt(闪电)shape.”

“Verygood！”Dadsaid.

“So,whydidn’tyoutellmeaboutthatprobleminthefirstplace？”Sallyasked.

Dadlaughed.“Where’sthefuninthat

ifyougiveamanafish,he’lleatforaday.Butifyouteachamantofish,he’ll

eatforalifetime.”

Sallysaid,“Isee.Anyway,designingishalfthefun！”

Dadsmiled.“Good.Sometimes,learninghappensduringtheprocess.Welearnhowtodo

somethingrightbydoingitafewtimesfirstandmakingmistakesalongtheway.”

ThatencouragedSallyandsheworkedevenharder.WhensheshowedDadhernewgokart,

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henoddedwithpride.

Finallycametherace.Sallywasn’tworriedaboutwhethershewouldwininhermind,

shehadalreadywon,bybuildingsomethingbetterthaneverbefore.

24.Sallythoughtofbuildingagokartto________．

A.practicedrivingB.enterforarace

C.playwithfriendsD.dosomeresearch

25.WhatdidSally’sdadaskhertodoaftershebuiltthegokart?

A.Tohaveatestdrive.B.Totakeagoodrest.

C.Togiveitacoolname.D.Topaintitlight

blue.

26.Sally’sstorymainlytellsusthat________．

A.winningaraceisimportantB.fishingbringsusa

lotoffun

C.drivingexperienceisnecessaryD.learninghappensduringtheprocess

C

Sometimesitseemsthattimeisflying.Perhapsitdoesn’tneedtofeelthisway.Our

experienceoftimecanbepossiblychanged.Byunderstandingthepsychological(心理学

的)processesbehindourdifferentexperiencesoftime,wemightbeabletoslowdowntimea

little.

Onebasiclawofpsychologicaltimeisthattimeseemstoslowdownwhenwe’re

exposed(接触)tonewenvironmentsandexperiences.Thelawiscausedbytherelationship

betweenourexperienceoftimeandtheamountofinformationourmindsprocess.Themore

informationourmindstakein,theslowertimeseemstopass.

Itfollows,then,thatwehavedifferentexperiencesoftimeindifferentsituations.In

somesituations,ourlifeisfullofnewexperiences.Ourmindsprocessalotofinformation

andtimeseemstoslowdown.Inothersituations,wehavefewernewexperiencesandthe

worldaroundusbecomesmoreandmorefamiliar(熟悉的).Webecomeinsensitivetoour

experience,whichmeansweprocesslessinformation,andtimeseemstospeedup.

HowcanweslowdowntimeHerearetwosuggestions.

Firstly,sinceweknowthatfamiliaritymakestimepassfaster,wecanexposeourselves

toasmanynewexperiencesaspossible.Wecangiveourselvesnewchallenges,meetnew

people,andexposeourmindstonewinformation,hobbiesandskills.Thiswillincreasethe

amountofinformationourmindsprocessandexpand(增加)ourexperienceoftime.

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Secondly,andperhapsmosteffectively,wecangiveourwholeattentiontoanexperience

－towhatweareseeing,feeling,tasting,smellingorhearing.Thismeanslivingthrough

oursensesratherthanthroughourthoughts.Forexample,onthewayhome,focusyour

attentionoutsideofyourself,insteadofthinkingabouttheproblemsyouhavetodealwith.

Lookatthesky,oratthebuildingsyoupass,travelingamongthem.Thisopenattitudeto

yourexperienceshelpstakeinmoreinformationandalsohasatime－expandingeffect.

Toacertaindegree,wecanunderstandandcontrolourexperienceoftimepassing.It’s

possibleforustoslowdowntimebyexpandingourexperienceoftime.

27.Accordingtothewriter,wecanexpandourexperienceoftimeby________．

A.goingtobedontimeB.travelingtonewplaces

C.havingdinnerasusualD.printingthesame

materials

28.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Beingfamiliarwiththeworldaroundhelpsusgetmoreinformation.

B.Understandingpsychologicaltimemakeslifepassmorequickly.

C.Wecantakeinmoreinformationbylivingthroughoursenses.

D.Weshouldbuildastrongerrelationshipbetweentimeandus.

29.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.SlowDownTimeB.OnlyTimeWillTell

C.RaceAgainstTimeD.TimeWillNotComeTwice

D

HowMuchCanWeAffordtoForget?

In2018,Sciencemagazineaskedsomeyoungscientistswhatschools

shouldteachstudents.Mostsaidstudentsshouldspendlesstime

memorizingfactsandhavemorespaceforcreativeactivities.Asthe

Internetgrowsmorepowerful,studentscanaccess(获得)knowledgeeasily.

Whyshouldtheyberequiredtocarrysomuchofitaroundintheirheads?

Civilizations(文明)developthroughforgettinglifeskillsthatwereoncenecessary.In

theAgricultural(农业的)Age,afarmercouldaffordtoforgethuntingskills.Whensocieties

industrialized,theknowledgeoffarmingcouldbesafetoforget.Nowadays,smartmachines

giveusaccesstomosthumanknowledge.Itseemsthatwenolongerneedtoremembermost

things.Doesitmatter?

Researchershaverecognizedseveralproblemsthatmayhappen.Forone,humanbeingshave

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biases(偏见),andsmartmachinesarelikelytoincreaseourbiases.Manypeoplebelieve

smartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective,butmachinesaretrainedthrougha

repeatedtestimgandscoringprocess.Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthe

correctanswers.

Anotherproblemrelatestotheeaseofaccessinginformation.Whentherewereno

computers,effortswererequiredtogetknowledgefromotherpeople,orgotothelibrary.

Weknowwhatknowledgeliesinotherbrainsorbooks,andwhatliesinourheads.Buttoday,

theInternetgivesustheinformationweneedquickly.Thiscanleadtothemistakenbelief

－theknowledgewefoundwaspartofwhatweknewallalong.

Inanewcivilizationrichinmachineintelligence,wehaveeasyaccesstosmartmemory

networkswhereinformationisstored.Butdependencyonanetworksuggestspossibilitiesof

beingharmedeasily.Thecollapseofanyofthenetworksofrelationsourwell－being(健

康)dependsupon,suchasfoodandenergy,wouldproduceterribleresults.Withoutfoodwe

gethungry,withoutenergywefeelcold.Anditisthroughwidespreadlossofmemorythat

civilizationsareatriskoffallingintoadarkage.

Weforgetoldwaystofreeuptimeandspacefornewskills.Aslongastheolderforms

ofknowledgearestoredsomewhereinournetworks,andcanbefoundwhenweneedthem,

perhapsthey’renotreallyforgotten.Still,astimegoeson,wegraduallybut

unquestionablybecomestrangerstofuturepeople.

30.Whyaresmartmachineslikelytoincreaseourbiases?

A.Becausetheygooffcourseintestingandscoring.

B.Becausewecontrolthetrainingprocessonthem.

C.Becauseweofferthemtoomuchinformation.

D.Becausetheyoverusetheprovidedanswers.

31.TheeaseofaccessinginformationfromtheInternet________．

A.freesusfrommakingeffortstolearnnewskills

B.preventscivilizationsfrombeinglostatahighspeed

C.misleadsusintothinkingwealreadyknewtheknowledge

D.separatesthefactswehavefromthoseinthesmartmachines

32.Theword“collapse”inParagraph5probablymeans“________”．

A.asuddenfailureB.thebasicrule

C.adisappointingstartD.thegradualdevelopment

33.Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?

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A.Toquestionaboutthestandardsofinformationstorage.

B.Todiscussourproblemsofcommunicationwithmachines.

C.Tostresstheimportanceofimprovingourmemorizingability.

D.Toremindusoftheriskofdependingonmachinestoremember.

四、阅读短文，根据短文回答问题(共10分，每小题2分)

HugeWavesDestroyingArcticIceFasterthanExpected

IcecoversmuchoftheArcticOcean(北冰洋).Somepiecesoficearehuge,likemoving

islands.Astemperatureshaveincreased,however,someoftheicehasbeguntodisappear.

Scientistshavediscoveredhugewaves(海浪)inthearcticwaters.

ThewaveswerediscoveredbyaccidentinMay,2010.ScientistAlekseyMarchenkoandhis

studentssetoutonatrip.Theywantedtostudytheicywaters.

OnMay2,theshiptraveledeastandstoppednexttoalargechunk

oficearound50milesfromthesmallislandofHopen.Marchenko

preparedtoleadhisstudentsoutontotheice.

“WewerereadytogobutwhenIwentout,Idiscoveredmany

cracks(裂缝)around，”heremembers.

Hedecidedtomovetheshipdeeperintotheicetokeepsafe.Thefartherintheywent,

hethought,thehardertheicewouldbecome.Astheypushedforward,however,theship

experiencedsmallwaves,andthenbiggerones.Soon,thewavesbrokeuptheicearoundthe

shipintothousandsofsmallerpieces.

Withinanhour,Marchenkoandhisteamsawawavethatwasabout13feethigh.The

ship’snavigation(航行)systemfinallyrecordedthelargestwaves.Theyweremorethan20

feetinheight.Thewavesweresostrongthattheyforcedhugepiecesoficetojumpupand

down,breakingtheiceintosmallerpieceswithinjustonehour.Scientistshadnever

imaginedthattheprocesscouldhappensofast.Thewavesintheseareasusedtobesmall.

Thespeedandforceofthehugewavestheremakesitimpossibletoknowinadvancewhen

theyarecoming.Thatcouldbedangerousfornavigatorsandlocalcommunitieswhoare

unpreparedforhugewavesordependonseaicetoprotectthem.Wildlifelikepolarbears

andwalrusesthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.

Somescientiststhinkpeoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesintheseicywaters.As

wavesbreakupice,theseaswillbecomemoreopen,andthewaveswillgetevenstronger.

Therearestormytimesahead.

34.WhendidMarchenkoandhisstudentsdiscoverhugewavesinthearcticwaters?

35.WhydidMarchenkoandhisstudentssetoutonthetrip?

36.WhatdidMarchenkodecidetodotokeepsafe?

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37.Howhighwerethelargestwavesrecordedbythenavigationsystem?

38.WhatisParagraph7mainlyabout?

书面表达(共10分)

五、文段表达(10分)

39.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已

给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。

题目①

假如你是李华，你们学校正在开展“安全月”宣传活动，倡议大家制作关于安全教育的主题海报，你

们班交换生Peter给你发邮件询问相关事情。请用英语回复一封邮件，告诉他海报上交的时间，并分享你

设计海报的一些想法。

提示词语：design,safetyrule,careful,protect,picture

提示问题：●Whenshouldyouhandintheposter?

●WhatwouldyouliketosharewithPeteraboutdesigningtheposter?

DearPeter,

I’mgladtoreceiveyouremail.

Ifthereisanythingmorethaticanhelpwith,pleaselet

meknow.

Yours,

LiHua

题目②

自律，即自我约束，是自我提升的一种途径，有助于我们成长，促使我们不断前行。

某英文网站正在开展以“自律”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈

为了增强自律意识，你做过什么，以及这样做给你带来的好处。

提示词语：selfdisciplined(自律的),plan,goal,habit,improve

提示问题：●Whatdidyoudotobeselfdisciplined?

●Whatbenefitshaveyougotfromdoingso?

1010

Self-disciplineplaysanimportantroleinyourlife.

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2019年北京市初中学业水平考试

英语参考答案

1-5BCADC6-10BADDA11-15CBBCA

16-20DDBAC