2016-2017学年高二英语人教版必修5课时作业：Unit 2　The United Kingdom 4 Word版含解析

课时作业(四)SectionⅡLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguageⅠ.阅读理解AEdinburghisthecapitalcityofScotland，andhaslongbeenafavoritedestinationoftouristsfromallovertheworld，aswellasanimportantculturalandpoliticalcenter.Withitsmuseums，shops，wonderfulhistoriccastle，andmanypubsandrestaurants，therearemanythingsforvisitorstoenjoyallyearround.Andofcourse，asitisinScotland，thereisawiderangeofwhiskiestotry!However，thereismoretoEdinburghthanhistoricmonumentsandtourism.Eachyear，theEdinburghFestivaltakesplaceinthecity.Inlatesummer，forthreeweeks，thefestivalpresentsclassicalmusic，theatre，operaanddanceatsixmajortheatresandconcerthalls­andseveralsmallerones­throughoutthecity.Whateveryourculturaltastesare，youaresuretofindsomethingtoenjoy.LocaltalentisalwaysrepresentedattheEdinburghFestivalgivingScottishcomposersandplaywrightstheopportunitytoshowtheirworkandgainpraisesfromawideraudience.Inaddition，orchestras(管弦乐队)andtheatrecompaniescomefromallovertheworldtoperformatthefestival.LastyearsawthearrivaloforchestrasfromtheUnitedStatesandGermany.ThefestivalhasnowbecomeanimportantpartofScotland'seconomyaswellasitsculture.Lastyear'sfestivalgainedover￡130millioninEdinburghalone，andacrossScotlandnearly2,900jobexistasadirectresultofthefestival.Thefestivalissopopularthatithasbecome，insomeways，avictim(牺牲品)ofitsownsuccess.Thehugeinterestinperformingthereledtothesettingupofarivalfestival，theEdinburghFringeFestival.Fortunately，demandforliveentertainmentduringthesummerissogreatthatbothfestivalscontinuetodevelop.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“...thereismoretoEdinburghthanhistoricmonumentsandtourism.”mean?A．Therearemorehistoricmonumentsandtourism.B．Therearefewerhistoricmonumentsandtourism.C．Peoplecanseemanyhistoricmonumentsandtourism.D．Edinburghisfamousnotonlyforitshistoricmonuments，butalsoformanyotherthings.2．HowmanytheatresandconcerthallsarethereinEdinburgh?A．Five. B．Six.C．Lessthansix. D．Morethansix.3．WhathasbecomeanimportantpartofScotland'seconomy?A．TheEdinburghFestival.B．TheLocaltalent.C．Thefestivalanditsculture.D．Theorchestras.4．Whyaretheretwofestivals，theEdinburghFestivalandtheEdinburghFringeFestival?A．Becausepeoplethereneedthem.B．Becauseofthehugeinterestinperformingthere.C．Becauseoneisnotenough.D．Becausethegovernmentrequiresthem.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。重点介绍了苏格兰(英国的一部分，在不列颠王国的北部)的首府爱丁堡。从旅游业到文化艺术节到经济的发展，都给予了高度的评价。1．D解析：句意猜测题。根据该句下文的解释以及本段最后一句“Whateveryourculturaltastesare，youaresuretofindsomethingtoenjoy.”分析可知，爱丁堡不仅仅以旅游闻名，而且也以其他方面(如文化节)而闻名。2．D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段关键信息“...atsixmajortheatresandconcerthalls­andseveralsmallerones...”暗示，那里的theatresandconcerthalls有超过六家。3．C解析：推理判断题。根据第六段第一句“ThefestivalhasnowbecomeanimportantpartofScotland'seconomyaswellasitsculture.”分析可知。4．B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Thehugeinterestinperformingthereledtothesettingupofarivalfestival，theEdinburghFringeFestival.”分析可知。BMotherhoodmaymakewomensmarterandmayhelppreventdementia(痴呆)inoldagebybathingthebraininprotectivehormones(荷尔蒙)，U.S.researchersreportedonThursday.Testsonratsshowthatthosewhoraisetwoormorelitters_of_pupsdoconsiderablybetterintestsofmemoryandskillsthanratswhohavenobabies，andtheirbrainsshowchangesthatsuggesttheymaybeprotectedagainstdiseasessuchasAlzheimer's(老年痴呆症)．Universityof“Ourresearchshowsthatthehormonesofpregnancy(怀孕)areprotectingthebrain，includingestrogen(雌激素)，whichweknowhasmanyneuroprotective(保护神经的)effects，”Kinsleysaid.“It'sratdatabuthumansaremammalsjustliketheseanimalsaremammals，”headdedinatelephoneinterview.“Theygothroughpregnancyandhormonalchanges.”KinsleysaidhehopedpublichealthofficialsandresearcherswilllooktoseeifhavinghadchildrenprotectsawomanfromAlzheimer'sandotherformsofage­relatedbraindecline.“Whenpeoplethinkaboutpregnancy，theythinkaboutwhathappenstobabiesandthemotherfromtheneckdown，”saidKinsley，whopresentedhisfindingstotheannualmeetingoftheSocietyofNeuroscienceinOrlando，Florida.“Theydonotrealizethathormonesarewashingonthebrain.Ifyoulookatfemaleanimalswhohavenevergonethroughpregnancy，theyactdifferentlytowardyoung.Butifshegoesthroughpregnancy，shewillsacrificeherlifeforherinfantthatisagreatchangeinherbehaviorthatshowedingeneticalterations(改变)tothebrain.”5．Howdoscientistsknow“Motherhoodmaymakewomensmarter”？A．Someresearchershavetoldthem.B．Manywomensayso.C．Theyknowitbyexperimentingonrats.D．Theyknowitthroughtheirownexperience.6．Whatdoesthephrase“littersofpups”meaninthesecondparagraph?A．Babyrats. B．Animals.C．Oldrats. D．Grown­uprats.7．“It'sratdatabuthumansaremammalsjustliketheseanimalsaremammals.”Whatdoesthesentencesuggest?A．Theexperimentsontheratshavenothingtodowithhumans.B．Theexperimentsontheratsareveryimportantforanimals.C．Theexperimentsontheratsaremuchthesameasonhumans.D．Theexperimentsontheratsaremuchthesameasonotheranimals.8．Whichtitleisthebestforthispassage?A．DoYouWanttoBeSmarter.B．MotherhoodMakesWomenSmarter.C．MysteriousHormones.D．AnImportantStudy.语篇解读：本文阐述了一个观点：母性特点能使女人变得更加聪明灵敏。5．C解析：细节理解题。根据Testsonratsshow...可知科学家是通过在老鼠身上做实验得出这个结论的。6．A解析：词义猜测题。后面的对比whohaveonbabies，实际上提供了一个相反的情况，所以我们可以推测thosewhoraisetwoormorelittersofpups中的littersofpups指的是“刚出生不久的小老鼠”。7．C解析：句意理解题。科学家通过用老鼠做实验来说明人的问题。因为人和老鼠都属于哺乳动物，很多生理机能都相同。8．B解析：主旨大意题。短文第一句Motherhoodmaymakewomensmarter是主题句，据此我们可以得出答案。Ⅱ.短文改错Lastyear，Iwasaddictedtoplaycomputergames.Ifoundonehardtobreakawayfromthebadhabit.Myteachertalkedtomyparentaboutthis，andtheymademepromisenotplaythosegamesagain.Itriedhard，soIfoundituseless.Themomentmyfingersleavethekeyboard，Iwouldfeelverycomfortable.AlthoughIwasdeterminedtoforgetthegame，Istillcouldnotconcentrateonthelessonsgivinginclass.Fortunately，apsychologicaladvisorinourschoolcametoknowthis.Hetalkedwithmeaboutmyproblem.Atlast，heofferedhisadviceonwhattogetridoftheaddiction.NowIcanmanagetocontrolwithmyself.答案：Lastyear，Iwasaddictedtoeq\o(play,\s\do10(playing))computergames.Ifoundeq\o(one,\s\do10(it))hardtobreakawayfromthebadhabit.Myteachertalkedtomyparentsaboutthis，andtheymademepromisenoteq\o(∧,\s\do10(to))playthosegamesagain.Itriedhard，eq\o(so,\s\do10(but))Ifoundituseless.Themomentmyfingerseq\o(leave,\s\do10(left))thekeyboard，Iwouldfeelveryeq\o(comfortable,\s\do10(uncomfortable)).AlthoughIwasdeterminedtoforgettheeq\o(game,\s\do10(games))，Istillcouldnotconcentrateonthelessonseq\o(giving,\s\do10(given))inclass.Fortunately，apsychologicaladvisorinourschoolcametoknowthis.Hetalkedwithmeaboutmyproblem.Atlast，heofferedhisadviceoneq\o(what,\s\do10(how))togetridoftheaddiction.NowIcanmanagetocontroleq\o(with,＼)myself.Ⅲ.语法填空Ayoungman，whiletravelingthroughadessert，cameacrossaspringofclearwater.1.________waterwassweet.Hefilledhisleathercontainersothathecouldbringsomebacktoanelder2.________hadbeenhisteacher.Afterafour­dayjourneytheyoungman3.________(present)thewatertotheoldman.Histeachertookadeepdrink，smiled4.________(warm)，andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.Theyoungmanwenthome5.________ahappyheart.Afterthestudentleft，theteacherlet6.________studenttastethewater.Hespititout，7.________(say)itwasawful.Apparently，itwasnolongerfreshbecauseoftheoldleathercontainer.Heaskedhisteacher，“Sir，thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike8.________？”Theteacherreplied，“Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe9.________(sweet)．”Weunderstandthislessonbest10.________wereceivegiftsoflovefromchildren.Whetheritisacheappipeoradiamondnecklace，theproperresponseisappreciation.Welovetheideawithinthegiftratherthanthething.语篇解读：当人们用心收礼物时才能体会到礼物的价值。1．The解析：这里的water特指上文中提到的水，故用定冠词。2．who/that解析：...hadbeenhisteacher是一个定语从句，修饰前面的anelder，从句中缺主语而且先行词是人，故用who或that来引导。3．presented解析：由上下文可知，本文讲述的是过去发生的事情，故用presented。4．warmly解析：此处应该用副词来修饰smiled，故用warmly。5．with解析：本句意思是“这个年轻人带着愉快的心情回家了”。这里应该用介词with，with表示“具有、带着”之意。6．another解析：由下文可知，这里是指老师让另一位学生品尝水，故用another。7．saying解析：此处没有连词，故用非谓语动词形式，主语He与say是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用saying。8．it解析：学生问老师为何假装喜欢所喝的水，故这里用it来指代上文中提到的水。9．sweeter解析：比较级同否定词连用表示最高级含义。本句意思是“没有什么比这更甜的了”。10．when解析：本句意思是“当我们收到孩子们富有爱意的礼物时最能理解这一课”。when在此引导时间状语从句。Ⅳ.语篇翻译大英博物馆吸引(attract)了全世界的游客，因此上周我们去参观