中考英语试卷中“任务型阅读题”解题思路分析及考题训练

中考英语试卷中“任务型阅读题”

解题思路分析及训练

一,中考英语任务型阅读解题步骤

1.略读：审大题。浏览全文，确定主题，理清框架结构和段落大意。

2.扫读：审小题。分析表格横向纵向类别规律和表达方式，句子或短语类，明确任务要求。

3.精读:审格式。带着问题深入阅读，定位所需有效信息，分析整合，转换概括，注意细节，准确表达,

规范答题。

4.复读：认真校对，纠正错误。

判断用词，准确表达

原文词；（即在文章中直接找到）

归纳词（主要出现在表格的表头、行标题或栏标题中）

转换词（主要是词性转换）

同、反义词（主要是同义转换或加否定词的反义转换）

释义词（即能解释原文中的词，词组、或句子意思的词）。

通观全文，复读检查

大小写？

单词有无拼写错误？

表达形式在语法上是否与同横纵栏目一致？

尤其检查是否正确运用了名词单复数形式；动词-ing或-ed形式；形容词及副词的比较等级形式等

根据文中信息词判定概括词

根据how判断用ways,tips,methods,solutions,etc.；

根据why,because,resultin,leadto,becausedby等判断用reasons,causes；

根据inshort,allinal1判断用summary；

根据referto,be,becalled判断用definition；

根据therefore,thus,so,asaresult判断用result,conclusion；

根据find,discover判断用findings0

常见的归纳概括词

表原因：reason（for）,cause（of）；

表目的：purpose,aim,goal；

表种类：kind,type,category；

表方式、方法：means,way,method,solution,approach；

表建议：advice,suggestion,recommendation,tip；

表态度、观点：attitude,idea,opinion；

表用途、功能：use,usage,function；

表意义，重要性，价值：significance,importance;value

表成败：success,failure

表变化：趋势：change,trend,tendency,

表增减：rise,increase,decrease;

表内容、项目：content,item；

表描述：description,appearance,look,shape,

color,size,length,width,distance,height,depth；

表定义：definition；

表主题：topic,theme,subject；

表特点，特征：feature,characteristic,character（性格）

表来源，历史：history,source,origin；

表影响,结果：effect,influence,result,consequence；

表措施，行动：measure,action,activity,behavior；

表益处，不利：benefit,advantage,disadvantage；

表步骤：step,procedure,process；

表便利或不便：convenience；inconvenience

表缺点：shortcoming,drawback

表概括，总结：summary,conclusion；

表评论、评价：comment,remark,assessment；

表问题：problem,question,issue；

表要求、需求：demand,need,requirement；

表介绍，信息：

introduction,information；

表地位，阶层：status,class（political,economic,social）

表职位，状况，条件：position,situation,condition

表家庭，婚姻：family,marriage；

表教育，背景：education,background

表经历，经验：experience

表职业：work,job,occupation,profession；

表成就，贡献：achievement,contribution

表关系：relation,relationship；

表情绪感觉：feeling,emotion,motivation（动机）；

表人口：population；

表天气，气候：weather,climate；

表方位：location,position；

表资源：resource；

表经济，产业，农业：economy,industry,agriculture；

表科技：science,technology

表质量，数量：quality,quantity,amount,number；

表异、同：difference,similarity;

表设备：equipment（不可数），facility（可数）；

表现象，迹象，症状：phenomenon,sign,symptom；

表预防：prevention；

表程度：degree

二、考题训练

（一）（2017年）任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分

ACarpenter?sStory

Anelderlycarpenterwasreadytoretire（退休）.HetoldhisbossofhispIanstoleave

thehouse-buiIdingbusinesstoIiveamoreleisureIifewithhiswifeandfamiIy.

Thebosswassorrytoseehisskillfulworkergoandaskedifhecouldbuildjustonemore

houseasapersonaIfavor.Thecarpentersaidyes,butovertimeitwaseasytoseethathis

heartwasnotinhiswork.Heusedshoddyworkmanship（粗糙的手艺）andIow-quaIitymateriaIs.

Itwasanunfortunatewaytoendaperfectcareer.

Whenthecarpenterfinishedhiswork,hisbosscametoinspectthehouse.Thenhehanded

thefront-doorkeytothecarpenterandsaid,"Thisisyourhouse...mygifttoyou."

Thecarpenterwasshocked!

“Whatashame!IfIhadonIyknownhewasbuiIdingmyownhouse,Iwouldhavedoneit

aIIsodifferentThecarpentersaidtohimself.

Soitiswithus.WebuildourIives,adayatatime,oftenputtingIessthanourbest

intothebuiIding.Then,withashock;wereaIizewehavetoIiveinthehousewehavebuiIt.

Ifwecoulddoitover,wewoulddoitmuchdifferently.

But,youcannotgoback.Someoneoncesaid,“Lifeisado-it-yourselfproject."Your

attitudeandthechoicesyoumadetoday,heIpbuildthe“house”youwiIIliveintomorrow.

Therefore,buildwisely!

Title:ACarpentersStory

PassageSupportingdetaiIs

outIine

IntroductionAnelderlycarpenterwasaskedtobuildanextra

houseasapresonaIfavortohisboss(71)______he

retired.

Processof•HeagreedtobuiIdthehouse,buthedidn,tdo

buiIdingtheitwhole-heartedly.

extrahouse•Hewasquite(72)______,buthedidn,ttryhis

best.

•HehadmanygoodmateriaIs,butheused

low-qualityones.

(73)______of•Hewassurprisedtogetthehouseasagiftto

gettingthehim.

houseasa•Hewas(74)_____forputtinglessthanhisbest

presenttobuildit.

•HewouIddoitmuchdifferentlyifhecoulddo

itagain.

ConeIusionLifeisado-it-yourselfproject,andnoonecan

goback.Sonomatter(75)______youhavechosen

todo,tryyourbesttodoitwell.

（二））（2017年）任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）

请阅读下面短文，再短文后表格中的空白处填上适当的单词

Title:InnervoiceheIpsaIotthroughoutourIives.

Whenyoucouldn'topenyourmouthtillthefirsttwoyearsontheearth,innervoiceheIps

youunderstandthings.Innervoicealwaysshowsthoughtsandideasinthebody.

Itjustifies(/J断)whatisrightandwhatiswrong.Whenwegoagainstinnervoice,we

usuaIlyfeeIuncomfortabIethroughoutourIives.

SometimeswhenwearefeeIingsad,weseemtoneedsomekindofsupportinspirit.WeusuaIIy

speaktoourclosestfriendorourdearestfamilymemberduringtimesofunhappinesstofeeI

better.Aftertalkingtothem,wesuddenIyfeeIactiveagain,becauseourinnervoicereminds

ustogetonwiththingsandleavethethingsofthepastinthememory.

Innervoiceisalwaysrightmostofthetime,becauseitknowsusbetterthanothersand

evenourseIves.It'sgoodtogobyinnervoicemostofthetime.Wheneveryouaretryingto

smoke,orwheneveryouareaskedtochooseonesideinanargument,youareaIwaysworried

abouttheresu11.Duringthesetimes,yourinnervoicetelIsyouwhattodo.Ifyoudon'tfollow

yourinnervoice,youmightbeunhappyinthefuture.It'sourownchoicetoeitherpayno

attentiontoourinnervoiceorfollowitandsearchforreaIhappiness.

Title:InnervoiceheIpsaIotthroughoutourIives.

Passageout1ineSupportingdetai1s

Beforewecanta1k,innervoice(71)__

Introductiontoinnervoiceunderstandthings,andshowsthoughtsandideas

inthebody.

Thingsthatinnervoicehe1psusInnervoicetellsuswhatisrightandwhatis

withwrong.WeusuaIlyhaveanuncomfortabIe(72)______

throughoutourIiveswhenwegoagainstinner

voice.

Innervoiceremindsustogetonwiththings

andleavethethingsofthepast.

Itknowsusbetterthanothersandeven

ourseIves.

(73)______whyweshouldgobyIttelIsus(74)______todowhenweareaIways

innervoiceworriedabouttheresultofourchoice.

Wemightbeunhappyinthefuturewithout(75)

ourinnervoice.

（三）（2015）任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）

请阅读下面短文，在短文后表格中的空白处填上适当的单词（注意：每空1个单词）。

StopSmokingNowWeCanHeIp

InalmosteveryUScityandtown,thereareIocaIorganizationsto

helppeopIetostopsmoking.OneofthemostpopuIarandsuccessfuIisCaIiforniaSmokers'

HeIpIine.HereisapagefromoneoftheirIeafIets.Whenyoureallywantacigarettetry

thethreeDS:

1.Delay:Lookatyourwatchandwaitforacoupleofminutes.If

youcanwaittwominutes,youwon'twanttosmoke.

2.Drinksomething:Ifyoudrinkwaterorsomeotherdrinks,you'IIreducetheneed

tohavesomethinginyourmouth

3.Deepbreathing:Breatheinslowlyanddeeply.CounttofivewhenyourIungsarefull.

Thenbreatheoutslowly.Repeatseveralrimes.

AndherearesomeideasfromFloridaAnti-smokingClubtohelppeopletogiveupsmoking:

1.Makeaplan:MakeaIistoffriendswhosmokeandpIacesyousmoke.Don*tseethose

peopleanddon'tgotothoseplaces!

2.Keepbusy:Insteadofsmoking,makeaphonecall,takeashortwaIk,talkwitha

friend.

3.Developnewinterests:Exercise-walking,biking,jogging,swimming,ortakinga

gymnasticclass-helpsyoutoforgetaboutcigarettes.

ItisnowagainsttheIawforanyonewhosmokeanywhereatanytimeinourschooIs.

So

setadateandactatoncetogiveupsmokingforyourowngood.

Title:StopSmokingNow一WeCanHelp

PassageoutlineSupportingdetails

Therearclocalorganizationstohelppeopletostopsmoking.

Organizationstohelpstop

Among(hemarcCaliforniaSmokers'Hclpl：ncandFlorida*s

smoking

Antismoking(71)_________.

•DelayyouractionDelayfbrmorethantwominutes,and

youwillprobablygiveupthewanttosmoke.

•Drinksomething:Drinkwaterorsomethingelse,you

Waystohelpsmoking

canreducetheneedto(72)________.

•Deepbreathing:Takea(73)________breatheslowly,

counttofive,andthenbreatheout

Ideastohelpgiveup•Keepbusydoingsomethinginsteadofsmoking.

smoking•Makeaplanto(74)_________meetingthefriendswho

(75)_____tosmokersForyourowngood,youhadbettersetadateand

actatoncetogiveupsmoking.

（四）（2014年）任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）

请阅读下面短文，在短文后表格中的空白处填上适当的单词（注意：每空1个单词｝。

Don'tRestonYourLaureIs

Haveyoueverheardthesaying"Don'trestonyourlaurels”?"Laurels”meansthe

achievementsyouhaveaIreadygot.Thesayingsuggeststhatyoushouldn,tbesosatisfied

withyourachievementsthatyou'IInolongertrytoimprove.

Astothissaying,MikePerhamhassetusagoodexampIe.Bornin1992inHertfordshire,

England,Mikewasjust14whenhebecametheyoungestpersontosaiIacrosstheAtlanticOcean.

Youmightthinktheachievementsaregoodenough,butMikedoesn,tthinkso.Attheageof

17,hebecametheyoungestpersontosaiIaIIbyhimselfaroundtheworIdonanine-month

voyage（航海）.

Mikeisnow19,andheisstilltryinghisbesttobreaktherecordsandpushhimselffurther.

Forhisnextadventure,heplanstofIyaroundtheworIdonhisown,makinghimthefirstperson

ofaIIagestobothsaiIandfIyaroundtheworId.

MikewantshisachievementstoencourageyoungpeopletoreaIizetheirdreams.Sincehis

adventures,hehastravelledwidely,speakingatschooIsandyouthcIubsintheUK,HongKong

andAustraIiaonthethemeof“LivetheDream”.

AmazingFacts:

Mikestartedsailingwhenhewasseven.

Histrans-AtlanticcrossingbeganatGibraltarandendedinAntigua.

Hisround-the-worIdyacht（游艇）wascalledTotaIlyM.

Title:Don'tRestonYourLaureIs

PassageoutIineSupportingdetaiIs

Theexplanationofthe“Don'trestonyourIaureIs"meansthatyou

sayingshouldn,tstop(71)onIybecauseof

yourachievements.

AmazingfactsAttheageof7,MikestartedsaiIing.

Attheageof14,sailingacrosstheAtlantic

Oceanmade

Mikebecomethe(72)onewhoseta

record.

Attheageof17,Mikehadanine-monthvoyage

ofsailing(73)aroundtheworId.

PresentsituationMikeis19now.Heistryinghisbesttobreak

therecords.His(74)toflyroundthe

worIdbyhimselfwiIImakehimthefirstpersonto

bothsaiIandfly.

The(75)ofMike'sspeechesgiveyoungpeopIecourageto

Mike'sachievementsreaIizetheirdreams.

(五)(2017盐城)B.任务型阅读(共10小题，每小题1分，计10分)

Doyouknowhowmanybonesarethereinyourbody?Whenyouwereababyyouhadabout330

bones,andnowyouhavejustover200bones.Thenumberreducesbecausesomebonesjointogether

asyougrow.YourwonderfuIbonesworktogethertoprotectyouandsupportyourbody.

Manyuses

Manybonesprotectyourbody.Forexample,thebonethatmakesupyourheadiscalledthe

skuII.TheskuIIsurroundsyourbrainandprotectsit.Theribsthatcoveryourchestprotect

yourheartandIungs.

Otherbonesareusedtosupportthebody.ThemanybonesinyourfeetallowyoutowaIk,

andstandonyourtiptoes.YourhandsandfeethavemorethanhaIfofthebonesinyourbody!

BiggestBone

TheIongestandstrongestboneinyourbodyisinyourIeg.ItiscaIledthefemurandit

goesfromyourhiptoyourknee.ItisaveryimportantbonebecauseitcarriesaIIofyour

weightandheIpsyoumovefrompIacetopIace.

SmallestBone

WouldyoubeIievethesmaIIestboneinyourbodyisinyourcar?Itisaboutthesizeof

agrainofriceandiscalledthestirrup.Whensoundwavescomeintoyourcarthestirrup

shakesbackandforth,allowingthesoundwavestoreachyourbrain.Whenthewavesreachyour

brainyoubearthesound.

“Funny”Bone

Hah!Thefunnyboneisn'treaIlyaboneatall.ItisactuaIIyanerve(9申经).Whenyou

hitthenervethatisnearyoureIbow,itreaIIyhurtsortingles.WhatJssofunnyaboutthat?

ThefunnyboneprobablygotitsnamefromthebonethatisaboveyoureIbow.ThatboneiscaIled

thehumerus,