牛津英语中考语法专项复习-被动语态

牛英2020中考语专复被语一、各时态的被动态一般现在时：am／＋动词过去分词them.一般过去时：waswere＋动词过去分词:TheMP3boughtby一般将来时：will/shall/begoingto＋动词过去分词:Thewillbecompletedintendays.现在完成时：have／＋动词过去词:Thehasputoff.二、含情态动词的动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，情态动词＋过去构成，原来带to的态动词变成被动语态后to仍保留。歌诀是：情态词变动，情态加加过”例如：werepairwatchintwodays.→Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Wemustfinishthisworksoon.→Thisdonesoon.Wehavetocleantheclassroom.classroomhastocleanedbyus.三主语变动态要意几问.（）态持致Ihavecomputer.---Mycomputerbeenrepaired.（）果说动的行，且个行可作动态主语，用y短语如后的表地，是作执者就短语Itus.ItisinWuhan.(3)主动的语代的格式变被句的宾时用宾形。Hecar.→carwasbyhim.(4)疑问的动态用动的应式替doDoesshedrivecar?→Iscardrivenbyher?（）语动短的动态能掉词语介或词1

Hislooksafterhim.--Helookedafterbybestfriend.(6)主动中一动如，有宾，个直宾（物另个间宾（指），动态为被语时可以把间宾变主保留直宾，也以直宾变主，留接语但时般间宾语加个词→(1)Igivenbookbyfather.→(2)Agivenmyfather.showed→(1)Iwasshownsomephotosbyher.(2)Somephotoswereshowntomeher.注意：有些双宾语动词，如do,pass,sell,send,sing，bring,write等变为被动语时，通常以直接宾语作主语，保留间接宾语，其前面根据情况用介词to或forShewrotemealetter.→Aletterwaswrittenmebyher.有些双宾语动词如羡)等以接宾语作被动语态主语直接宾语answeredthatquestion.→Iwasansweredthatquestionbyhim.（）动态中役词感动的语足为带的不式但变被语时加to，这类的动词有make,have,notice，，lookat,feelhelp等Mr.Leemadehimwashdishes.→Hetodishes.Iboycrossthestreet→Aboywasseentocrossthe（）Itsaidthat+从句其类句一些表据说或相信的词如believe,expect,report,suppose,等可以用于句型＋be＋过去分词＋that从或“主语＋过去分词＋todosth.。有：Itsaid据说Itisreported据道Itbelievedthat大家相信Ithopedthat大家希望，Itwellknownthat众周知，thoughtthat大家认为，Itsuggestedthat据议。例Itsaidthattheboynational（＝Theboyisnationalexam.）四、谓动词的主动式表示动意义、（1）英语中有很多动词如break，，，，lock，，，，，wash,cut,wear等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义,语通常是物。例Thiskindofclothwell.well.Thecutswell.这刀好使。

Theshoeswearlong.这鞋耐穿。注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。试比较Thedoorwon't．（指门本身有毛病）2

Thedoorwon't．（不会有人来锁指门有是人的原因）（2）表示发进行的不及物动词和短语happen,come（现）等以主动形式表示被动意义。（3）系动词没有被动形式,但些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel,sound,等主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。Yoursounds、在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。（1）need，wantrequire等的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。Theneeds（berepaired）．这房子需要修理。（2）在些形词＋不定式做语或宾补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义容词有fithardimportant，，等This（看作work省了for）.（3）在to结中，不定式前面加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。Thisbookistooexpensive(forbuy.五、下情况不能用被动语不物词没有被动语态这类动词常见的有：place,happen,last,rise,break等Thehappenedlast（）Thehappenedlast系词有被动语态这些动词有：feel,turn,taste,sound,smell,look,get,become等。被语专练A.一现时的被动语态结构：is/am/are及物动词的过去分其它bysb.1．Football2．trees3．4．

（）overthe。（）inNorthChina.（）SouthChina.（fortakingphotos3

5．often

（todothiswork.B.一过去时的被动语态结构was/were+及物动词的过去分词＋其bysb.1.Thehouse

（build）in1978.2.Allthestudents_____________(ask)tobringkitewithlastSunday3.car(clean)byDadyesterday.4.

（）waitforhimrighthere.5.thepresent

（）himbyhismother？C.含情态动词的被动语态结构：情态动词can/may//should+be及动词的过去分词其它bysb.1.Chocolatemay(send)present.2.Computersshould3.Canthisof4.starscan

（）well.（）（）inthe-timeus.5.Musttheoldpeople____________(speak)politely?一选题()1.Thestrangeused______（）by（古代的）A.fordrinkB.todrinkC.drinkingD.drinked()2.Today,tootreesare_____intheworld.A.cuttingdownB.cutdownC.beingcutdownD.cutteddown()3.English_____incountries,butChinese_____theirownlanguages.A.isspoken,speakB.speaks,isC.isspoken,speakenD.isspoken,isspoken()4.Thisofapple______Yantai.A.isgrownB.growC.grewD.aregrown()5.Theseyoungtrees______afterwell.4

A.lookB.looksafterC.belookedD.looked()6.Mycoatismade_____（毛）silk.A.toB.forC.fromD.of()7.Ourteacherseen______totheago.A.goB.togoC.goingD.goes()8.TheCastle_____Henry.ItingoodconditionA.builtB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.isbuilt()9.Icecanbe_____water.A.turnintoB.turnC.turnedintoD.turned()10.Keysareused_____doors.A.lockB.lockedC.lockingD.locks()11.The温)shouldbe_____glass.A.madeofB.madeC.madeintoD.madein()12.Sorry,allthevegetables______.Pleasecometomorrow.A.sellswellB.haveoutC.havebeensoldD.areselling()13.Themanbadlyhurt._____tothehospital.A.hassentB.hasbeensentC.sentD.hassentfor()14.Abigcinema______ourtownnextyear.A.willbuildB.isbuiltC.willbebuiltD.hasbuilt()15.This_____byawritermanyyearsago.A.writesB.iswrittenC.writtenD.written二、用（）词的适当形式填1.Youngtrees____________(water)welleveryday.2.Thirtybikes_______________(repair)bylast3.Thiskind______________(use)forcuttingthings.4.strangethings(take)placeeveryyear.5

5.Riceagoby6.Information____________(keep)injustnow.7.Childrenunder1.2mheightshould______________(nottake)toconcerthall.8.Activities_____________(plan)tohelpthepooreveryyear.9.Ourclassroomissoitneeds_____________(clean).10Jackveryfunny.alwaysmade__________(laugh)11.goodnewsthatmostofthecasesofblindnesscan________________(cure).12.Childrenshould____________________________(treat)withkindness.13.Shemade_______________________________(wait)halfanhour.14.Usuallythoseletters_______________________________(write)Englishinthepast.15.thatOxfam_______________________(set)intheUKin1942?16.new_______________________(show)RedStarCinemayesterday.17.—What_________computer__________(use)for?—Sendingandreceiving-mails.18.mayoutandplayasyourhomework_____________(finish).三、改写句子1.Theybuiltanewschoolthevillagelast（为被动语态）Anewschool______________________inthevillageyear.2.Inthedayspeople（壶）tomaketea.（为被动语态）Inthedaysteapots______________________tomaketea.3.Thismefeel（为动语态）I______________________________feelthirstythis.4.Didbuythisbikefromtheshop?（为被动语态）________________________________________fromtheshop（）5.Onlythisyear,millionsoftreesplantedthesoldiers.（为主动态）