新的题目考博真题汇总复旦

PaperPartⅠListening（略PartⅡReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA.,B.,C.andD..YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneofthegreatestmysteriesinthestudyofCetacea［aquaticmls］hasalwaysbeenthatthecreaturesfoundinthestomachsoftoothedwhalesshownoteethmarks.NowaUniversityofCaliforniaatSantaCruzprofessorthinkshemayhavesolvedtheenigmawithwhathecallsthe“bigbang”theoryofcetaceanpredation.KenNorris,naturalhistoryprofessor,believesthatratherthanusetheirteethtoattacktheirvictims,toothedwhalesstuntheirpreywithintenseburstsofsound.Hepointsoutthatall68speciesofodontocetes(asub-orderthatincludesdolphins)usesoundtolocatetheirvictims,andsuggeststhisabilitymayhaveevolvedtothepointwhereitcouldbeusedasaweapon.Millionsofyearsago,theancestorsofwhaleshadanarrowtaperedjaw,streamlinedforspeedandbristlingwithlongrowsofsharpteeth.Todayodontocetesarenotadaptedtosurprisingtheirpreyortrapitquickly.Mostaremorebulkythantheirforebearers;theirteethareshortandunevenlyspacedwhentheyexistatall.Norrissuggeststhatbecauseoftheirsonarability,whales'teethhave evestigial,likethehumanappendix.Itisdifficulttotestthebigbangtheorybecauseincaptivity,cetaceanstendtomoderatetheirsonarsoasnottodeafenothercreaturesintheirsmall,highlyreflective.Dolphinsareknowntopoliyturnofftheirecholocationsystemswhenpassingoneanother.Andinthewildit'shardtolwhetherasoundcamefromanearbyanimalorformanotherveryfaraway.ButNorrispointstothemalenarwhalastacitproofofhistheory.Thiswhalehasnoteeth,andthesinglespiraltuskthatextendsabouteightfeetinfrontofhimwouldseemtobemoreofanimpedimentthananaidincatchingshrimp,hispreferredfeed.“Youlookattheseanimalsandyouwonderwhat'sgoingon.”Theunderlined A. B. C. D.Theprimarypurposeofthispassageis argueforabanonthecaptureofwhalesanddescribetheevolutionofreportapossibleexnationforthelackofteethmarksonwhales'revealtheflawsinthe“bigbang”theoryofcetaceanAsusedinthe mostnearly A. B. C.moveto D.Whatisthe“bigbang”theoryofcetacean Sixty-eightspeciesofodontocetesusesoundtolocatetheirToothedwhalesusesoundasWhalesandhumanshavevestigialWhaleteeth,oncesharp, esomewhatshortandItcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatthe“bigbang”theory a B.adisprovedC.anunsupported D.anideawithsomesupportingPassageOlgahadalwaysenjoyedthecharacter-centeredbookswrittenbyAdeleKwanandwantedtowhethersheshouldspendpartofhersavingsonKwan'slatestbook,The er.Shehopedthefollowingbookreviewsinherhighschoolnewspaperwouldhelphermakeadecision.NovelwithoutaplotByCarloDanteIjustfinishedreadingAdeleKwan'slatestnovel,The er,andwasdisappointed.Inmyopinionthebookdoesnothaveenoughplottobeconsideredanovel. erinthisbookisVioletWang.She'sfifteenwhenherfamilymovesfromSanFranciso'stowntoasmalltowninWashingtonState.Inthistowneveryoneknowseachother,andnoneoftheotherresidentsare .Violet'schallengeistofitin.Sensitiveandinligent,sheamusesshoeswhoknowherwellbutisshyand withstrangers.Thesecircumstancescouldhaveprovidedthebasisforaninterestingstory.Iparticularlyhasnorealplot.Thereisnoactiontofollow.InsteadtheauthoremphasizeswhatishappeninginViolet'sheadasshefindsherwayinhernewhome.WeareintroducedtonewcharactersandsituationsonlyastheyareviewedbytheintrospectiveViolet.Whenshearrivesathernewschool,forexample,thereaderisdtoendurepageafterpagedescribingViolet'sclassrooms,classmates,andteachers,withnoexcitementtokeepusinvolvedinthestory.Ifthishadbeenahistoricalnovel,atleastthetextcouldhaveelucidatedwhatlifewaslikeduringapastera.Ifithadbeenamystery,Iwouldhavehadareasontomoveformonepagetothenext.Furthermore,VioletwouldhavehadamoreintriguingwaytodemonstrateherinligenceandAsitis,IfoundThe eruninteresting.Thelackofplotandtherelianceonasinglecharactertosupporttheentirebookmakeforadull,slow-movingreadingexperience.AlthoughMs.Kwanwriteswell,shehasfailedtopresserastoryworthreading.ABooktoCherishByRachelBlytheInlastweek'seditionIread“NovelWithoutaPlot”,anunflatteringreviewofAdeleKwan'slatestnovel,Itoo,havereadThe er,andIstronglydisagreewith.CarloDante'sevaluationofthisfinenovel.DanteclaimsThe erlacksaplot.Hefailstorecognizethatsomenovelsareplot-drivenandothersarecharacter-centered.ClearlyDantepreferstoreadtheformerandfeelsjustifiedinimposinghispreferenceonallofus.Therearemanyreaderswhodonotrequireastorytopropelusfeverishlyfromoneaction-packedmomenttothenext.Wearecontenttogettoknowaninterestingcharacterwhoencounterschallengesandtriesvariouswaysto ethem.VioletWangisawouderfulexampleofthistypeofcharacter,andwearefortunatethatthenovel-istoldformherpointofview.WefirstexperienceherworldinSanFrancisco,wheresheissurroundedby Americantraditionsandthesupportofanextendedfamily.Wefeelherconfusionandtraumaticsenseoflossasshemustleaveallthatisfamiliartoher.WhenVioletarrivesintheareathatwillbehernewhome,weseeitsbeautyandmysterythroughhereyes.Asshetriestoadjusttolifeinacewhereshefeelslikeanoutsider,manyofusmayremembersimilartimesinourownlives.Weachewhenshehurtsandfeeltriumphinourheartswhensheexperiencesprogrees.Iwon'slyouwhy.Violethashadtomakesuchadrasticlifechangeorhowshecomestotermswithit.UnlikeDante,Ithinkthatmostreaderswouldgreatlyenjoythisbook.Inthesetimesofactionadventuremoviesandcomputergames,manyhavelostthepatiencetobereaders,thinkers,andemotionalbeings.Ithinkthatsomeonewhofailstoseethevalueinthisbookismissingoutonalot.WhenOlgareadRachelBlythe'sreview,sheprobably A. B. C. D.WhichoftheseisthebestsummaryoftheVoicinghisdisappointmentinAdeleKwan'slatestnovel,CarloDantewrithesabookreviewcriticizingthebookasuninterestinglackinginplot.TohelpherdecidewhethertopurchaseAdeleKwan'snewbook,The opposingbookreviewsinherhighschoolnewspaper.Asasupporterofcharacter-centrerednovels,RachelBlythewritesabookreviewdefendingAdeleKwan'sThe erbecauseshefeelsmanypeoplewillenjoythebook.Olgaenjoysthecharacter-centeredbooksofAdeleKwanandwouldliketoreadanotheroneifitisinterestingandiswritteninthesamestyle.Basedoninformationinthereviews,withwhichstatementwouldbothCarloDanteandRachelBlytheprobablyagree? isanaction-adventureVioletisoutgoing,evenaround isapowerfulandcaptivatingViolethasastrongbondwithfamilyWhichconclusionisbestsupportedbyinformationintheRachelBlytheandOlgahavesimilarreadingAdeleKwanisabest-sellingRachelBlythedoesnotreadnovelsthatareplot- emoreoutspokensinceherBasedoninformationinthepassage,thereadercanconcludeViolet'sprimarysourceofstemsfromher notbeingfluentindifficultieswithherparentsbeingextremelyfamily'smovetoWashingtonPassageTheTheParthenon,abuildinginAthens,Greece,isperhapsoneofthemostmemorablestructuresonEarth.Built25centuriesago,itisoneofthegreatarchitecturaloftheancientworld.Therearemanyreasonsforitsgreatness.AthenswasthemostimportantcityinancientGreece.In480B.C.GreecewasunderattackbyboththePersianarmyandthePersiannavy.TheAtheniancommander,Themistocles,knewthathisscouldnotdefeatthePersianarmythenmarchingtowardAthens.HoinsteadtomakeastandagainstthePersiansatsea,Themistoclesandhis sfledAthensforanearbyisland.AlthoughthePersianarmyoverwhelmedAthensandleftitinruins,theGreeknavy,ledbyThemistocles,annihilatedthePersianfleet.ThisvictorybytheGreeksledall sretreatwithinoneAbout30yearslaterthebuildingoftheParthenonbegan.Constructiontookcebetween447and432B.C.DuringtheruleofPericles.TheParthenonwasconstructedonthesamesiteasanunfinishedstructureintendedtohonorthemenwhohadlosttheirinanearlierbattleagainstthePersians.TheParthenonwouldstandasasymbolofthestrengthlivesandimportanceoftheGreekManyimportantcitiesinancientGreecehadanacropolis,or“highcity,”onwhichpeopleconstructedimportantbuildings.Theacropoliswasthehighestandmostdefensiblelocation,soitalsoservedasafortressintheeventofenemyattack.TheParthenonislocatedabout500feetabovethecityofAthens.BeforetheParthenoncouldbebuilt,someareasoftheacropolishadtobeleveleddown,andotherareashadtobuiltup.Thenalarge,solidfoundationwaconstructedouttolimestoneblocks.Theentireareawasbuttressedbyareinforcingwall.TheParthenonisarectangularstructureconsistingoftwoinnerareassurroundedbycolumns.Thereareeightcolumnsateachendandseventeencolumnsalongeachside.Itisalargestructure,consideringwhenitwabuilt.Itisabout200feetlongandabout100feetwide.Itstandsabout60feethigh.OneextraordinaryaspectoftheParthenonisitsconstruction.Itrequiredbetween2000030000tonsofmarblethathadtobepreciselycarvedsothathugeblocksofitcouldbefittedtogetherwithoutmortartoformthecolumnsandinteriorwalls.Perhapsevenmoreimpressivearethe“opticalcorrections”thatwereused.ThecolumnsbulgeslightlyinthemiddlebecauseexpedriencehadshowntheGreeksthatperfectlystraightcolumnswouldnotlookstraighttoviewer.Becausecornercolumnsnormallyappearsmallerthanothers,thecomercolumnsoftheParthenonweremadeslightlythickerandwerecedclosertotheothercolumns.Thecolumnswerealsodesignedtoleaninwardslightlybecauseperfectlyperpendicularcolumnsseemtoslantoutward.FurthermorethetformonwhichtheParthenonsitswasmadetocurveupwardinthemiddlebecauseperfectlylevelfloorwouldappeartosaginthecenter.TheParthenonstandstodaydespitethecenturiesthathavepassed.ItisatimelesstributetotheenduringcultureoftheGreekpeopleandisconsideredamodelofexcellenceinconceptandconstruction.Itestablishedtheclassicstyleofarchitectureseentodayinmanypublicbuildings,suchastheWhiteHouseandtheLincolnMemorialinWashington,D.C.ThisarchitecturalstyleisalastinggiftfromtheancientGreekstothemodernworld.TheauthorofthepassageprobablyviewstheParthenon A. B. C. D.Inthispassage,theword“annihilated” A.destroyed B. C.examined D.ThepassagesuggeststhatmostimportantcitiesinancientGreecehadanacropolis protectthemselvesincaseofhouseaimprisonthe honorThereadercanconcludethatthe hadcolumnsmadeofrequiredmuchefforttohadapalaceinsidefortheleaderofwasnever yWhatistheapproximatelengthoftheA.60 B.100 C.200 D.500PassageSallyKemmererhas,sofar,escapedNorthernCalifornia'srollingButupontheroofforherOaklandhome,workersaretapinto,perhaps,themostreliablepowersource,thesun.Itcouldmeannomoreworriesaboutblackoutsorpowerrates.SallyKemmerer,homeownersays,“Ihopethatwe'llbeabletozeroout,youknow,ourelectricbill.Imeanthat'sdefiniyourgoal.”Turningthesun'sraysintoelectricityis,ofcourse,nothingnew.ButCalifornia'spowercrisishascastanewlightontheGaryGerber,asolarpowercontractor,says,“Imighthavebeengetting,saythreephonecallsaweekacoupleofmonthsage.I'mgettingsixadaynow,it'scompleycrazy.”Alternativeenergyisevenmoreattractive,thankstoastaterebateprogram.Sofarthismonth,California'senergycommissionhasreceived200projectapplications.Thatismorethanthenumberofapplicationsalllastyear.Puttinginasolarroofisstillarelativelyexpensiveproposition.Thisprojectcostaround45000dollars.Eventakingintoaccountthestatesubsidyof12000dollars,thatleavesanetcosttothehomeownerofaround33000dollars.Sallysays,“Wewerehappytofindoutthat,eventually,thesystemshouldpayforitself,youknow20-years,maybe.”AaronWellendorfhashadap-v(orphotovoltaicgenerator)formorethanayear.Likemostsolarsystems,hisisnotoffthegridcompleytheutilitystillkicksinatnight,orwhenthere'snosun.Butwhenthereisbrightlight,thingschange.Wellendorfsays,“I'mturningmymeterbackwardwithextrapowerthatI'mgenerating.”That'sright!Wellendorf'smetertrackshowmuchpowergoesbackintotheutilitygrid.Lastyearallthepaidforelectricitywasaservicecharge.Thatchargewasaroundfivedollarsamonth.Infact,evenafterpoweringhissuper-efficienthouseholdappliancesandhisconvertedtruck,Wellendorfgeneratedanetsurplusofmorethan2000-kilowattUnfortunay,statelawdoesn'trequiretheutilitytopayhimforthat.Wellendorfsays,“Idon'tgetitinmoney,Ijustgetthesatisfactionofheloutthepowergrid.”And,hegetsthesatisfactionofbeingenergyself-Accordingtothearticle,theCaliforniaenergycommissionhasreceived200projectapplicationsinonemonth.Ifthatratecontinues,approximayhowmanyapplicationswilltheyreceivehisentireyear?A. B. C. D.Whatdoes“tozeroout”toloseaspecialitemortogainsolartopayformorereliableelectricaltoowetheelectric Inamonthofworkdays(approxima y20),howmanycallscouldthesolarcontractorexpectifthiscurrentratecontinuesunchanged?A. B. C. D.Whatdoes“offthegrid”meaninthecontextofthislivinginasuburbanlivingintheonlyhouseinawidelivingwithoutthe 'selectricallivingwithoutanyelectricityfromanyAccordingtothearticle,whenahomeownerputsinasolarroof,herworriesaboutblackoutsorpowerratesmightbeover.Whymightthatbetrue?SolarpowermaybelessexpensiveandmorereliablethanpowerdbyutilityHerroofwon'tleakwiththeheavysolarpanelsontopofthePuttinginasolarroofisstillanexpensiveSuper-efficientappliancesuselesselectricitythanregularPartⅢVocabularyandStructureDirections:Thereare20 pletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Edison theinventionoftheattributed B.contributedC.referred D.creditedSomeeventsandphenomenaofouternature ordinaryexnationandordinary B.C. D.Somepeoplebelievethat“KingJohn”waswrittenbyShakespeare,butsomepeopleitmightbewrittenbyan B.C. D.Initsbroadestsense,attributiontheoryisconcernedwithhowordinarypeoplemakesenseoftheworldandit morecontrollableandpredictablebymakingattributionsastothecausesofpeople'sbehaviorsandevents. B.C. D.Ayear andthereisnosignofthesituationgettingany B.C. D.Asaresultoftheirfrequentlitters,rabbitshavethereputationof B.C. D.BecauseofthebombingthatkilledsixpeopleWashingtonhasbeenurgingthespokesman terrorismmoreseverely. B.C. D.Despitehisdisappointingrecordthisyear, feelheisthebestmaninour B.C. D.Duringaninternationalcrisis,many messageswillgenerallyemanatefromthe'soffice.B.C. D.GiordanoBrunostronglysupportedCopernicus'sideathattheearthwasnotthecenteroftheuniverse.Brunowasrewardedbybeingburnedatthestakeforthisandother B.C. D.Hecannotseeanythingwithouthisglasses,sohemadea ofrememberingtogetthemfixedbeforehewenttowork. B.C. D.HeofferedheratriptoAustraliabut broke... B.turned...C.stripped... D.cut...Hishealthdeterioratedrapidlyduetoinsufficientnutrition medical B. D.Hisproductiontechniquesareelaborateandnearlegendary,buteveniftheycould ,itwouldn'tbethesameforanyotherpeople. B.C. D.Howard abetterbrandoficecreamandanewwaytosellcameup B.cameC.came D.cameIspentthewholedayyesterdayrearrangingmy theirsubjectsfrequencyofas B.asC.as D.asInchargeofanarmyofseventhousandmen,he theorientalcityforninemonthsandfinallydefeatedit. B.C. D.Todaywe'lldiscussproposals belefttothenextmeeting.similar B.relevantC.familiar D.regardedIt'sstrangethat hisuncleineverytakes B.takesC.takes D.takesLawyerhaveaterriblehabitofusingLatinandindustry tomystifypeopleandthemselvesmorevaluable. B.C. D.Myworkisnotvery money,butI'mgettingvaluableexperienceout

A.inexchange B.intermsC. D.forthematterOneofFreud's intothehumanalitywasthediscoveryofhowitinfluencedbyunconscious B.C. D.Shefeltdizzyandhad somethingtosteadyhold B.holdC.hold D.holdThechildren attheboxofcandytheyweretoldnotto B.C. D.The forleniencywasignoredbytheA.B.C. D.Thefamousactresswasimposed fornon-paymentof B.C. D.Thefloorofhisstudywasoccupiedby massofbooksand B.C. D.ThegreatAmericanscientistEdisonhada forinventingnew B.C. D.Whenautomationisintroducedintothefactory,alltheworkdonebyhandwill assemblyline.giveway B.taketheceC.haveasay D.becontributed youdidn'tgettheticket.Theywasn'tgoodisall B.isjustasC.doesn't D.servesyouPaper(注意：以下各题的答案必须写在AnswerSheet上)PartⅣCloze(15)Directions:FillineachofthefollowingblankswithONEwordtocompletethemeaningofthepassage.WriteyouransweronAnswerSheetⅡ.Whenyou'renegotiatingwithsomeone,listenforthemessagesthatheorshemightbesendingtoyou.For(71) ,theword“difficult”doesnotmeanthesameasimpossible.Imagineyou'restayinginaho,(72) youwanttochangeyourroom.Themanager's(73) of,“Thatwouldbeverydifficult,sir”,doesnotmeanthat(74) issaying“no”,itjustmeansthathewantstoknow(75) youarepreparedtoofferhiminreturnforthechangeofroom.Ifyouarebuyinganewcar,andwanttopay(76) thanthepricebeingasked,(77)thesalesman'scomment.“I'msorry,butwenevernegotiateontheprice”meansthattheydonegotiateon(78) things,likethedeliverytime,orthe“extras”thatmightbeavailable(79)partofthepurchase.Inthesamecarshowroom,(80) thesalesmansays,“Sorry,Ican'tnegotiateprices”,thenyourresponseshouldbetoaskwho(81) themessagethesalesmanissendingsuggeststhathisbossistheone(82) needtobetalkingto.Inallofthesesituations,themessageis(83) communicatedinclearterms.Inanynegotiation,thetwo“yers”withtogetas(84) outofitastheycan,ofcourseInthethreeexamplesabove,thesalesmenandhomanagerarehothatyouwill(85) theirpriceorconditions-buttheir“messages”makeitclearthattheremayberoomformovementandPartⅤTranslationDirections:PutthefollowingpassageintoEnglish.WriteyourEnglishversiononAnswerSheetⅡ.，，，人所信的那样和人与人之间的会在整个人类历史上并且在所有或者几乎所有的社举例来说，在早先的法国绘画里，早于公元前10000年的绘画中没有人与人打仗的画早期的人类中出现人类内部的比例相对较低。因此不是人性固有的产物，而是某，PartⅣWritingDirections:Somepeopleprefertonactivitiesfortheirtimeverycarefully.Otherschoosenottomakeanynsatallfortheirtime.Comparethebenefitsofnningtimeactivitieswiththebenefitsofnotmakingns.Whichdoyouprefer-nningornotnningforyourleisuretime?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyourchoice.Youshouldwriteabout180wordsandputyourcompositiononAnswerSheetⅡ.PartⅠListening（略Part Reading 文章第一段第一句“OneofthegreatestmysteriesinthestudyofCetacea(aquatic ls)hasalwaysbeenthatthecreaturesfoundinthestomachsoftoothedwhalesshownoteeth下来第二句“NowaUniversityofCaliformiaatSantaCruzprofessorthinkshemayhavesolvedtheenigmawithwhathecallsthe”bigbang“theoryofcetaceanpredation”，针对前面的现象提因此选C。 moderateA第二段具体说明“bigbang”theory的内容，其中第二句“Hepointsoutthatall68speciesofodontocetes(asub-orderthatincludesdolphins)usesoundtolocatetheirvictims”，对A。D第四段第一句“Itisdifficulttotestthebigbangtheorybecauseincaptivity”，第五段第一句“ButNorrispointstothemalenarwhalastacitproofofhistheory”，综合起来也就是说该理论难以验证但有一些支持性的。A文章第一段即交待了“Olgahadalwaysenjoyedthecharacter-centeredbookswrittenbyAdeleKwan”RachelBlythe正是从character-centered的角度来对小说给予正确评价，OlgaRachelBlythe的评论当然会受到鼓励。 文章包括三部分：一、Olga为什么要读这两篇评论；二、CarloDante的评论内容；三、RachelBlythe的评论内容，列出两篇评论是OlgaB。DCarloDante的评论第三段第二句“IparticularlyenjoyedlearningaboutAmericancultureandViolet'sstrongfamilyties.”,RachelBlythe的评论第三段第二句“WefirstexperienceherworldinSanFrancisco,wheresheissurroundedbyAmericantraditionsandB、C三项在文中都可以找到明确的句子来证明有误。ARachelBlytheOlgacharacter-centered的小说，而其他三项或是文中没A。 VioletA、B、C三项文中 全是在介绍和赞美古希腊建筑Parthenon，尤其是从建筑的角度对其工程量AannihilateALocation一段中第一句和第二句，古希腊重要城市多有acropolis，即卫城， ConstructionParthenon20000 Description一段中第四句“Itisabout200feetlongandabout100feetwide.”A200200×12=2400份申请。37.Dzeroout使……变为零，这里使电费变为零，即不用供电公司的电。 文中第六段提到“I'mgettingsixadaynow”，每天6 Cgrid输电网，对于安装了能发电系统的住户来说，输电网的电指的是供电公司的电，offthegrid也就是完全不用供电公司的电。A文中第二段提到“perhaps,themostreliablepowersourceThesun.Itcouldmeannomoreworriesaboutblackoutsorpowerrates”，能发电比供电公司更可靠；第九段提到“eventually,thesystemshouldpayforitself,youknow20-years,maybe”，能发电将可能比输电网更便宜，因此选A。Part creditsb.withsth.把某事物归功于；attributesth.tosb.认为某事物由引起；contributetosth.促成某事物；refertosth.提到、涉及某事物。Atranscend超出，；conquer征服；prevail流行；trespass，侵入 delivered在……交货的，包括运费在内的；anonymous不知名的；antique古代的；ambiguous模棱两可的。 deliver传送；render使处于某种状态；practice练习，实践；suffocate charge指控，；censor检查；blame责怪，埋怨；denounce，谴责 的；abstruse深奥的；appalling骇人听闻的；compelling引人入 faithful忠实，可靠的，heretical异端的，bibliographical书目的，hysterical makeapointofngsth.认为做某事重要或有必要；chore家务，琐事；success成功；mess。 break...down破坏；turn...down；strip...of剥去，除去；cut...off切断 satisfactory令人满意的；unfit不适宜的； plete不完全的；inadequate不恰 resemble像，类似；approximate接近，近似；duplicate；undertake承担Acomeupwith找到，提出；cometo共计，达到；comeacross偶然遇见；comeAasregards按照；asagainst与……对照，相比；asof从……开始；asfrom从…… intrude，侵入；haunt常去；besiege，包围；possess占有 as把…… takeonsb.雇用，与……比赛，允许搭乘；taketosb.对产生好感；takeaftersb.（在长相或性格方面）像；takesth.down把某物取下，记下。 inflection词尾变化；dialect方言；accent口音；jargon inexchangefor与……交换；intermsof在……方面；concerning关于；forthematterof对于……的问题。 Aholdonto抓住；holdup阻碍，延误，；holdforth夸夸其谈、滔滔不绝地讲述某事；holddown压住，保持。 covertlyexcessivelygraciusly ；demand要求，需求；plea恳求，请求；defense disrepute坏名声，不光彩；penalty处罚，罚款；popularity声望；scandal Agivewayto被……所替代；taketheceof代替……；haveasayin有……决定权；becontributedto被用到……中。 isallright合适的，恰当的，正确的；isjustaswell也无妨；doesn'tmatter没关系，不重要；servesyouright活该。Part Clozeotherthings不能单独存在，根据上下文，价格不能商议意味着其他东西可商议，因other。as，介词+名词短语，aspartof作为……never，根据前两段的内容可以得出，双方进行时语言很巧妙，不是直白地说出Part Thefactknowntousisthatwar,differentfromwhatmanypeoplebelieveittobe,iscompleyan eof“humanity”.Otherwise,warand amongpeoplewouldexistinallthehumanhistoryoralmostallsocieties.However,thisisnotthetruth.Archaeologists'investigationresultsseemtosuggestthatmenlivedquiteapeacefullifelongago.Forexample,amongancientFrenchcavedrawingswhichwereearlierthan10000B.C.,therewerenopicturesdescribingpeoplefightingwitheachother.Thisindicatesthat,inthatearlyperiodofmankind,fightamongpeoplewascomparativelyrare.Inacertainway,thisdiscoveryisnotsurprisingatall:intheworldofanimals,it'srareforonetopreyonanotherofitsownspecies.Theydokillotherkindsofanimals,butnottheirown.Likemostanimals,theproportionofinner amongearlyhumanbeingswasrelativelysmall.Therefore,warisnottheinherent eofhumanitybutthatofcertainsocialandculturalconditions.PartⅥWriting(15%)nningforMyLeisureDifferentpeopleliketospendtheirtimeindifferentways.Somemakenscarefully,whileothersdonot.Asforme,Iprefernningformyleisuretimeinadvance.First,nningensuresthatonecandowhathewants.Forexample,afterhoursofattentivestudy,astudentfeelslikehavingabasketballgametorelaxhisnerve.However,ifhejustcloseshisbooksup,walksoutoftheclassroomandgoestotheygroundwithoutnning,hemayfindnobodytheretoywithoralreadytoomanyothersareying.Second,nningmakeseverythinginother.Forpeoplewhodislikeuncertainty,aspecifictimeschedulemeansalwaysknowingwhattodoandthusoffersthefeelingofself-fulfillmentandcomfort.Iwillfeeltotallyatalosswithlotsoftimeandnothingtodo.Itisverylikelyformetoendupwithidlingallday,wastingallthetimeandfeelingdepressed.Howtospendone'sleisuretimeisquiteal.Asforme,onlyacarefullynnedleisuretimeschedulecanbringenjoymentandrelaxation.PaperPartⅠListeningComprehension（略PartⅡVocabularyandStructureDirections:Thereare20 pletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter. hervacationsomuchthatshedidn'twantittoA. B. C. D.Theytriedtokeepitquietbuteventuallyeveryonelearnedabout A. B. C. D.Manycitizensappealedtothecity ernmentforenacting lawstoprotecttheA. B. C. D.Peoplewholiketowearredclothesaremorelikelytobetalkative A. B. C. D.Thisisbut ofthetotalamountofinformationwhichtheteenagerhasA. B. C. D.Theyweretired,butnotanyless thatA. B. C. D.Ithinkitishightimewe thefactthatenvironmentalpollutioninthisareaisgettingmoreseriousthanbefore.A.wokeup B.mustwakeup C.wakeup D.arewakingup wasthemoodofthemeetingthatanagreementwassoonA. B. C. D.Rescueworkers thedelicatetaskofsiftingthroughtonsofconcreteandtotrytoreachpossiblesurvivors.A. B. C. D.When ,shecouldnotforamomentrecognizeherA.came B.came C.came D.cameTheshortageofwaterbecamemore thissummerwiththehighesttemperaturesin40years.A. B. C. D.Theytriedtodrivetheirhorseintotheriver,buthesimply A. B. C. D.Eventhebestmedicaltreatmentcannotcureallthediseasesthat menandA. B. C. D.Theboy'stalentmighthave haditnotbeenforhisuncle'sA. B. C. D.Thetwoleadersmadeashowofunityatthepressconference,thoughtheyhadnotablyA. B. C. D.Jackadmittedthatheoughtnottohavemadehismother A.oughtn't B.wasn't C.didn't D.hadn'tAnoldwomanwasbadlyhurtin thedescribeasanapparentlymotivelessA. B. C. D.Asthecityhas eincreasingly andpolluted,therehasbeenagrowingrealizationthatcertainactionisurgentlyneeded.A. B. C. D.The infrontofagirl,justintimetoavoidaseriousA.turned B.pulled C.cleared D.droppedThedoctortoldhimtobecarefulwhentakingsleepillsbecausetoomanycouldbe.A. B. C. D.PartⅢReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4readingpassagesinthispall.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageFormyproposedjourney,thefirstprioritywasclearlytostartlearningArabic.Ihaveneverbeenalinguist.ThoughIhadtraveledwidelyasajournalist,IhadnevermanagedtopickupmorethanasmatteringofphrasesinanytongueotherthanFrench,andevenmyFrench,waslaboriousforwantoflengthypractice.Theprospectoftacklingoneofthenotoriouslydifficultlanguagesattheageofforty,andtryingtospeakitwell,bothdeterredandexcitedme