2020版高考英语新设计一轮复习外研全国版讲义必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature

(一)课前自主学习Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意1．hurricanen． 飓风2．lightningn．[纵联1] 闪电3．thunderstormn. 雷暴4．tornadon. 龙卷风5．currentn. 海流；潮流6．feathern. 羽毛7．furn. (动物的)毛皮8．tropicaladj. 热带的9．waven. 波浪10．cemeteryn. 墓地；公墓11．ashn. 灰12．volcanon. 火山Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形1．disastern. 灾难2．floodn. 洪水3．causevt. 引起；导致4．buryvt. 埋葬5．occurvi.[纵联2、3] 发生6．strikevt.&n. (雷电、暴风雨等)袭击7．ruinvt. 毁坏8．previousadj. 以前的9．worldwideadj. 全世界的10．activeadj. 积极的；活跃的11．damagen．&v．[纵联4] 损失；损害12．earthquaken. 地震Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变1．experiencevt.经历；体验n．经历；经验→experiencedadj.有经验的2．furnituren．家具→furnishvt.装备；配备3．violentadj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的→violencen．暴力→violentlyadv.猛烈地；激烈地；强烈地4．eruptvt.(火山的)爆发；喷发→eruptionn．(火山的)爆发；喷发5．possibilityn．可能；可能性→possibleadj.可能的→possiblyadv.可能地→impossibleadj.不可能的6．terrifyingadj.吓人的；可怕的→terrifiedadj.感到害怕的；极度恐惧的→terrifyvt.使害怕；使恐惧7．luckilyadv.幸运地；幸亏→luckyadj.幸运的→luckn．运气；幸运8．thankfullyadv.感激地；满怀感谢地→thankfuladj.感激的；感谢的→thankvt.&n．感谢；谢谢[纵联5]9．hopefullyadv.满怀希望地；有希望地→hopefuladj.有希望的→hopev．&n．希望；期望10．sadlyadv.伤心地；不幸地→sadadj.伤心的→sadnessn．悲伤11．fortunatelyadv.幸运地；幸亏→fortunateadj.幸运的→fortunen．运气；财富12．warningn．警告→warnv．警告纵联1.以­ing结尾的名词一览①lightning闪电 ②warning警告③feeling感觉；感情 ④greeting问候；致意⑤suffering痛苦；苦难 ⑥training训练；锻炼“发生”你可能不知道①occur(偶然)发生 ②happen(偶然)发生③takeplace(计划等)发生 ④breakout(灾害、战争等)爆发⑤comeabout发生；产生(尤指不受控制地)纵联3.词形变换双写“r”①occur/occurred/occurred/occurring②refer/referred/referred/referring③prefer/preferred/preferred/preferring④transfer/transferred/transferred/transferring“损害”多留意①damage损害 ②destroy(彻底地)毁坏③ruin(逐渐地)毁坏 ④harm损害⑤injure损害 ⑥hurt损害纵联5.后缀­ly副词小结①thankfully感激地 ②hopefully满怀希望地③bravely勇敢地 ④quietly安静地⑤similarly相似地 ⑥fluently流利地⑦truly真正地 ⑧wholly整体地；完全单元话题——自然灾害子话题1各种自然灾害①snowstormn．暴风雪 ②mudsliden．泥石流③catastrophen．大灾难；浩劫 ④tsunamin．海啸⑤droughtn．干旱 ⑥sandstormn．沙尘暴⑦landsliden．滑坡 ⑧typhoonn．台风子话题2自然灾害的影响①destructionn．破坏 ②meltvi.融化；溶化③releasen．&v．释放 ④severeadj.严重的，剧烈的⑤trapvt.使……陷入困境 ⑥victimn．受害者；牺牲品⑦muddyadj.泥泞的 ⑧lavan．火山岩浆⑨terrifyvt.使恐惧；惊吓 ⑩radioactiveadj.放射性的[学考对接·活学活用]高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1．(2016·北京高考阅读B)OnOctober29,2012,thatoceanturnedfierce❶.Thatnight,HurricaneSandyattackedtheEastCoast,andRockawaywashitespeciallyhard.❷(fortunate),Natalie'sfamilyescapedtoBrooklynshortlybeforethecity'sbridgesclosed.WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodin❸(ruin)．ManyofNatalie'sfriendshadlosttheirhomesandwerelivingfaraway.Allaroundher,peopleweresuffering,especiallytheelderly.Natalie'sschoolwasso❹(damage)thatshehadtotemporarilyattendaschoolinBrooklyn.①用本单元中的词汇替换fierce：violent②用fortunate的正确形式填空：Fortunately。­ate为形容词后缀，类似的单词有considerate,desperate等③用ruin的正确形式填空：ruins；常用短语in_ruins表示：严重受损；破败不堪④用damage的正确形式填空：damaged2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空)Thestorybeganduringmyfirstweekatcollege.IwatchedastheASLClubperformedtheirtranslationofasong.Boththehandmovementsandtheveryideaofcommunicatingwithoutspeakingattracted❶me.WhatIsawwascompletelyunlikeanythingI❷(experience)inthepast.Thisnewnessjustleftmewantingmore.①用本单元的词汇替换attracted：struck②用experience的正确形式填空：had_experienced。experience还可用作名词，作“(一次)经历，体验”讲时为可数名词；作“(由实践得来的)经验，阅历”讲时为不可数名词高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)而且，欢迎你们每个人积极参加这个活动，欣赏这部电影。(active)What's_more,_everyone_of_you_will_be_welcome_to_take_active_part_in_the_activity,_enjoying_the_movie.2．(2018·浙江高考写作)另一方面，我通过在一家旅行社做兼职陪同一些外国游客积累了相关的经验。(experience)For_another,_I_have_accumulated_related_experience_by_working_part­time_in_a_travel_agency,_accompanying_some_foreign_tourists.3．(2017·天津高考书面表达)我每天埋头于英文小说，因此我在英语学习上已取得了很大的进步。(bury)I'm_buried_in_the_English_novels_every_day,_therefore_I_have_made_great_progress_in_my_English_study.(二)课堂重点释疑1．experiencevt.经历；体验n．经历；经验[记牢](1)withmuch/richexperience 具有丰富的经验by/fromone'sexperience 根据某人的经验看haveexperiencein... 有……的经验(2)experiencedadj. 有经验的；熟练的beexperiencedin/at 在……方面有经验[练通]单句语法填空①(2017·北京高考)Afteraheateddiscussion,weagreedonmakingavideotorecordourexperiences(experience)atschool.②(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Astotheactivities,weplantoinviteexperienced(experience)playerstogivetrainingtouseveryFridayafternoon.③Shehasbecomequiteexperiencedat/inteachingprimaryschoolstudents.④Robertisaworkerwithmuchexperience,soitwillmakeupforhislackofacademicknowledge.[写美]翻译句子⑤(2018·北京高考书面表达)上周，我们带领着外国学生在我们学校里体验正宗的(authentic)茶文化，结果是非常值得的。Last_week,_we_took_the_foreign_students_in_our_school_to_experience_the_authentic_tea_culture,_which_turned_out_to_be_extremely_rewarding.2．causevt.引起；导致；使遭受n.原因；事业；目标[记牢](1)causesb.sth. 给某人造成某种结果causesb./sth.todosth. 导致某人做某事； 引起某物……(2)thecauseof... ……的原因causeandeffect 因果[练通]单句语法填空①Thepoorharvestcausedpricesto_rise(rise)sharply.②Drunkdrivingisoneofthemostcommoncauses(cause)oftrafficaccidents.补全句子③Accordingtotherecentresearch,heavycoffeedrinkingandheartattackisnotnecessarilycause_and_effect.根据最近的调查研究，喝浓咖啡与患心脏病并没有必然的因果关系。[写美]翻译句子④(2017·江苏高考书面表达)结果，一些观众开始厌烦电影院，造成了缓慢的增长。Consequently,_someviewers_began_to_turn_away_fromcinemas,_causing_a_slowergrowth.3．buryvt.埋葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心[记牢]buryone'shead/faceinone'shands 用手捂住头/脸buryoneselfin＝beburiedin 埋头于；专心于[练通]单句语法填空①Buried(bury)inhisstudy,hewasn'tawarethatalltheothershadleft.②Burying(bury)hisfaceinhishands,hetriedtocontrolhisweeping.句型转换③Buryingthemselvesinheavyschoolwork,theydidn'tknowitwasrainingoutside.→Buried_in_heavy_school_work,_theydidn'tknowitwasrainingoutside.[写美]翻译句子④随着高考临近，我们高三学生都在埋头于繁忙的学习中。As_the_College_Entrance_Examination_is_drawing_near,_we_senior_three_students_are_buried_in_busy_work.4．occurvi.发生；出现；(想法、念头等)想起，浮现[记牢]sth.occurstosb. 某人突然想起某事Itoccursto/strikes/hitssb.that... 某人突然想起……Itoccurstosb.todosth. 某人突然想起做某事[练通]单句语法填空①AgoodideaoccurredtomewhenIwokeupthismorning.句型转换②Alongwithyourwonderfulinnovation,youneedtohandinareport,explaininghowyoucameupwiththeidea.→Alongwithyourwonderfulinnovation,youneedtohandinareport,explaining_how_the_idea_occurred_to_you.[用准](1)occur是不及物动词，所以不能带宾语，也不能用于被动语态。(2)occur的过去式和过去分词形式要双写最后一个辅音字母，即occurred。[写美]补全句子③(2018·天津高考书面表达)当我们为比赛做准备时，我想起你曾在类似的比赛中获奖。Whenwe'remakingpreparationsfortheevent,it_occurred_to_me_thatyouoncetookaprizeinasimilarcompetition.5．strikevt.(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；突然想到；击中；撞击；敲(钟)；报(时)；擦燃(火柴)；打动n.(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；罢工[辨清]写出下列句中strike的含义①Thetownhallclockstruckmidnight.报(时)②Thechildranintotheroadandwasstruckbyacar.撞击③ItstruckmethatIleftthekeyonmytable.突然想到④Withinhalfanhour,allthedriverswereoutonstrike.罢工⑤Whatstruckmemostinthemoviewasthefather'sdeeploveforhisson.打动⑥Itwasextremelydarkinthepassagesohestruckamatch.擦燃[记牢](1)strikesb.＋介词＋the＋身体部位打某人某处sth.strikessb.＝sth.occurstosb. 某人突然想起某事Itstrikessb.that.../Itstrikessb.todo... 某人突然想到……(2)beonstrike 在罢工goonstrike 举行罢工(3)strikingadj. 引人注目的，突出的[练通]单句语法填空⑦Thefirsttimehemetthegirl,hewasstruckbyherwisdomandfellinlovewithher.⑧Whatismoststriking(strike)ishowsmartthechildrenare.补全句子⑨Thecoalminersdecidedtogo_on_strikeforbetterworkingconditions.煤矿工人们决定为争取更好的工作条件举行罢工。[写美]翻译句子⑩我突然想到，我们应该制订一个新的方案。It/An_idea_struck/hit/occurred_to_me_that_we_ought_to_make_a_new_plan.[词汇过关综合训练]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Asweallknow,theredlightisawarning(警告)signforstop.2．Inprevious(以前的)time,Ididn'trealizehowvaluablehisadvicewas.3．Anoisymotorwayhasruined(毁坏)thepeacefulvillagelife.4．Thesechemicalshavebeenfoundtocauseseriousenvironmentaldamage(损害)．5．Isthereanypossibility(可能性)thatwecanfinishthetaskinsuchashorttime?6．Sheisstillveryactive(活跃的),inspiteofheradvancedyears.7．Agoodideastruck(想起)mewhileIwaswalkingalongtheriver.8．Aninvestigationisunderwaytofindouthowthedisaster(灾难)happened.9．Theabruptchangeoftheclimatehasdrawnworldwide(全世界的)attentiontothebenefitofgreenenergy.10．Iwasgoingalongthestreetlookingforaplacetoparkwhentheaccidentoccurred(发生)．Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．XiaoLiisveryskilledandexperienced(experience)thoughhe'sbeeninthefactoryforonlyashorttime.2．Annesays,“Kindnesscanbuildonitselfasmuchasviolence(violent)can.”3．Withthatwarning(warn)hetookthebirdandputitbackintoitscage.4．Thesedays,breakingtrafficrulesandlitteringarenotuncommon,causing(cause)seriousharmtolifeandtheenvironment.5．Manymenwere_buried(bury)undergroundwhentherewasanaccidentinthemine.6．Atthemomentwearedebatingwhatfurniture(furnish)tobuyforthehouse.7．Fortunately(fortunate),therewassomeoneathand,soweaskedhimtodeliverthemessageatonce.8．(2018·天津高考)Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhat'saroundthem.9．Luckily(luck),withalittlebitofworkandsomeknowledge,you'llbeabletowritetheletteryouneedtogetthejob.10．Thankfully(thankful),Imanagedtogetthroughthegameandthepainwasworthitintheend.Ⅲ.单句改错1．Istillthinkitterrifiedtofindmyselfsurroundedbylargenumbersofhorses.terrified→terrifying2．Astrangeideawasoccurredtohimwhenhewaswanderinginthestreet.去掉第一个was3．Becausetheyweretomovetoanewhouse,theyboughtalotoffurnitures.furnitures→furniture4．Theauthorofthebookhadalotofhardexperienceinhislife.experience→experiences5．Hopeful,I'llbeabletostayathomeforthreeweeksthistime.Hopeful→HopefullyⅣ.根据提示补全句子1．他是个有经验的老师，有丰富的教学经验。(experience)Heisan_experienced_teacherandhehas_much_experience/is_very_experienced_inteaching.2．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我希望这种变化不会给你造成太多麻烦。(cause)Ihopethechangewillnotcause_you_too_much_trouble.3．她忍受不了疼痛，以至于用手捂住脸不由自主地抽噎起来。(bury)Shecouldn'tstandthepainsothatsheburied_her_face_in_her_handsandsobbeduncontrollably.4．我想你从未想到给警方打电话。(occur)Isupposeit_never_occurred_to_youtophonethepolice.5．医院员工举行罢工以抗议这起事件。(strike)Staffatthehospitalwent_on_striketoprotestagainsttheincident.(一)课前自主学习1．pick_up 卷起；掀起；拾起；接载；(偶然)学会；情况好转2．take_off 去掉；脱掉；起飞3．set_fire_to[串记1] 放火(焚烧)……4．catch_fire 着火5．put_out 扑灭(火)6．on_average 平均起来7．end_up 结果为……，以……结束8．in_all[串记2] 总共；总计9．refer_to 指的是；谈到；涉及；参考10．take_place 发生[同根短语串记]①setfireto 放火(焚烧)……②set...onfire 放火(焚烧)……③catchfire 着火(表示动作)④beonfire 着火(表示状态)⑤putoutthefire 扑灭火⑥make/light/startafire 点火；生火①inall总共；总计 ②afterall毕竟③aboveall首先；最重要的是 ④firstofall首先⑤allinall总的来说 ⑥notatall一点也不1．onthesamelatitude 在同一纬度2．inthenexttown 在邻近的城镇3．morethan400kilometresperhour 每小时400千米以上4．hitthecity 袭击了这座城市5．bythelate1890s 到19世纪90年代末6．atotalof 总数；总计7．theworstnaturaldisaster 最严重的自然灾害1．Theycandestroyhouses,butleave_the_furniture_inside_exactly_where_it_was.它们(龙卷风)能毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。2．Onaverage,thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear,causing_about_80_deathsand_1,500_injuries.平均来说，美国每年发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1500人受伤。3．Whenthelavareachedthesea,there_was_the_possibility_ofahugetidalwavewhichcouldfloodhalftheisland.当岩浆涌进大海时，有可能引发巨大浪潮，足以淹没半个岛屿。[学考对接·活学活用]高考采撷(一)完形中的短语和句式(补全句子)1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ完形填空)“Something'snotright！”Itook_off(脱下)myT­shirtanddivedintothewater.2．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空)Twogoodburstsfromtheextinguisherandthefirewasput_out(扑灭)．3．(2016·北京高考完形填空)TheracebeganonJanuary27.Thefirstmusher,Shannon,picked_up(捡起)themedicinefromthetrainatNenanaandrodeallnight.4．(2018·天津高考完形填空)MyboysbeatthebestteaminGeorgia,giving_me_one_of_the_greatest_thrills_of_my_life(成为我生命中最令人激动的事情之一)!高考采撷(二)写作中的短语和句式(补全句子)1．(2015·天津高考书面表达)Atthesametime,wearegoingtobringalongaboutfivehundredbookswithusforyourclass,whichyoucanrefer_to(参考)tolearnmoreaboutChina.2．(2018·浙江高考写作)保罗叔叔，我爸爸的朋友，从机场接我们，并开车送我们去他在佩科斯的农场。UnclePaul,mydad'sfriend,picked_us_up_from_the_airportanddroveusuptohisfarminPecos.3．(2016·10月浙江高考写作)几乎没有可能继续在黑暗中沿着小溪行走，但是简没有放弃。(therebepossibilityof...)There_was_little_possibility_of_continuing_walking_alongthestreaminthedarkness,butJanedidn'tgiveup.(二)课堂重点释疑[短语集释]1．pickup拿起；卷起；掀起；拾起；接收(信号)；(偶然)学会；整理；接载；情况好转[辨清]写出下列句中pickup的含义①Tom,willyoupickupallyourtoys？整理②MyradiocanpickuptheBBCprogrammesclearly.接收③I'llpickyouupatyourhometomorrow.接载④It'ssurprisingthatyourbrotherpickedupRussiansoquickly—hehasn'tlivedthereverylong.(偶然)学会⑤BusinesshasbeendepressedbuttheyexpectittopickupagainbeforeChristmas.情况好转⑥Sallywalkedontotheplatform,pickedupapieceofchalkandwroteontheblackboard:“Rule1:Wearefamily！”拿起[记牢]pickout 挑出；辨别出；挑选；领会；理解pickoff 摘掉；摘下来pickyourselfup (跌倒后)站起来；振作起来[练通]单句语法填空⑦Thatpileontheleftaretheonesthathavebeenpickedoutforthelibrary.⑧Theinsecticide(杀虫剂)mightharmtheflowers.Let'spickofftheinsectsbyhand.[写美]翻译句子⑨(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我的父母想让我和他们一起去机场接他。My_parents_want_me_to_go_to_the_airport_with_them_to_pick_him_up.2．endup结果为……；以……结束[记牢](1)endupdoingsth. 最终以做某事结束end(up)in 以……告终；结果为……end(up)with 以……结束(指以某种方式结束)endupas 最终成为……(2)cometoanend 结束put/bringanendto 结束……intheend 最后，终于onend 竖立；笔直地；连续地make(both)endsmeet 使收支相抵；量入为出[练通]单句语法填空①Whilestudying,fixyourmindonwhatisreallyimportant,oryouwillendupremembering(remember)nothing.②Andersonwasbornintoapoorfamily,butendedupasoneofthegreatestwritersofhistime.③ThelectureendedupwithapoemofanancientChinesepoet.④Ifweneglectourfuture,we'llendupinfailure.补全句子⑤Thefootballmatchcame_to_an_end,_andthecrowdsoonclearedawayfromthefootballground.足球比赛结束了，人群很快就从足球场散去了。⑥Thecouplesetasidesomemoneyeverymonthfortheirfutureuseeventhoughtheirincomecanonlymake_ends_meet.这对夫妻每个月都存一些钱以备将来使用，尽管他们的收入只能勉强维持生计。[写美]翻译句子⑦最后，当我们校长宣布获胜者时，整个现场爆发出热烈的掌声和欢呼声。In_the_end,_when_our_headmaster_announced_the_winners,_the_whole_place_burst_out_with_clapping_and_cheering.[句式集释]leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语[教材原句]Theycandestroyhouses,butleave_the_furniture_inside_exactly_where_itwas.[悟拓展例句](1)Don'tleave_the_light_onwhenyouarenotintheroom.当你不在房间时，别让灯开着。(2)Ifyouleavethewaterrunning(run)whenyoudon'tuseit,youarewasting.如果不用水时你还让水一直流着，你是在浪费。(3)Whatdisappointsmeisthatsheleavesmeto_finish(finish)theworkbymyself.使我失望的是她让我一个人完成这项工作。(4)Youshouldmakeitaruletoleave_things_where_you_can_find_them_again.把东西放在能够再次找到的地方，你们应该把这一点作为一条规则。[析用法规则]用法归纳(1)leave＋宾语＋名词/形容词/副词/介词短语(2)leave＋宾语＋分词(3)leave＋宾语＋不定式(4)leave＋宾语＋where引导的地点状语从句/as引导的方式状语从句注意事项在leave的复合结构中，宾补为现在分词时，通常表示主动、进行的动作；宾补为过去分词时，通常表示被动、完成的动作；宾补为不定式时，通常表示动作尚未发生。[背写作佳句](1)Wecanoftenseemanystudentsleavethewaterrunningandsomeletthelightsonforalongtime,whichcausesaseriouswasteofresources.(要点句)(2)You'dbetterleavethedooropentoletinthefreshair.(要点句)[词块、句式过关综合训练]Ⅰ.选词填空pickup，takeoff，setfireto，catchfire，putout，onaverage，endup，inall1．Thestorecaught_fire.Fortunately,allthepeoplethereescapedfromit.2．Afirebrokeoutinthebuildinglastnight.Luckily,thefirefightersarrivedintimeandput_outthefire.3．On_averageeachreportrequiresoneweektoprepare.4．Theteachersaidthereweretwelvein_allwhohadfailedintheexam.5．Themaninblackwasabouttoset_fire_tothehousewhenthepolicecame.6．Itwasnotuntilshetook_offherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.7．Atthecorner,thebusstoppedandpicked_upthreepeople.8．Ifyoudon'teatless,you'llend_uplookinglikeawhale!Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子/句型转换1．在那么重要的考试中他竟然查阅笔记，真是太愚蠢了。(referto)Itwastoofoolishofhimto_refer_to_his_notesduringthatimportanttest.2．大部分饭菜宾客都没动，因为它们的味道不可口。(leave＋宾语＋宾补)Theguestsleft_most_of_the_dishes_untouched,_becausetheydidn'ttastedelicious.3．很容易从人群中辨认出他，因为他个子很高。(pickout)It'seasytopick_him_outinacrowdbecauseheisverytall.4．Isitpossiblethatwecanfinishthetaskinsuchashorttime?→Is_there_a_possibility_thatwecanfinishthetaskinsuchashorttime？(Thereisapossibilitythat...)5．Thefogwassoheavythatitmadeitimpossibleforustogetthereontime.→Thefogwassoheavy,making_it_impossible_for_us_to_get_thereontime.(分词短语作结果状语)Ⅲ.分步写作假定你是李华，最近获悉你的美国笔友Peter的家乡受到地震侵袭，损失惨重。请你用英语给Peter写一封慰问信。信的内容要点包括：1．得知情况及感受；2．表达安慰和鼓励；3．打算提供的帮助。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点根据题干要求可知，本文要求写一封慰问信，时态为一般现在时和一般将来时，人称为第一、二人称。文章应分三个层次来写作，共三个要点：要点1为写信目的及感受开头；要点2为表达安慰和鼓励并说明打算提供的帮助主体；要点3为表达希望和祝愿结尾。主体部分应该依据要点2进行构思，要点2的表述比较宽泛，写作时应该进行细化处理，如表达安慰和鼓励时可以表达为“生活不是那么糟糕，会渡过这个困难时期，鼓起勇气去面对并摆脱困境”；打算提供帮助时可表达为“我会提供帮助，号召同学们捐款”。要点1－①：听到一场地震侵袭了你的家乡我感到非常难过。(awfully,hit)I'm_awfully_sorry_to_hear_that_an_earthquake_hit_your_hometown.要点1－②：我写信是为了表达我对你的深切同情。(sympathy)I_am_writing_to_express_my_deepest_sympathy_to_you.要点2－①：生活不是那么糟糕。Life_isn't_so_bad.要点2－②：你会渡过这个困难的时期的。(getthrough)You_will_get_through_this_difficult_period.要点2－③：你肯定会鼓起你所有的勇气去面对并摆脱困境。(definitely,mess)You_will_definitely_gather_all_your_courage_to_face_and_handle_the_mess.要点3－①：如果我能帮上忙，请不要犹豫，让我知道。If_I_can_be_of_any_help,_please_don't_hesitate_to_let_me_know.要点3－②：我会号召同学们为你捐赠。I_will_call_on_my_classmates_to_make_a_donation_to_you.结尾语：不要放弃希望，坚强起来！期待你的好消息！(longfor)Never_give_up_hope_and_be_strong!_Longing_for_good_news_from_you!第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼为了使内容更充实，我们需要对要点进行适度拓展。例如：要点1－①可以添加事件的结果造成了巨大损失；在文章的主体部分表达安慰和鼓励并打算提供帮助时，为了使文章过渡自然，需要补加一个衔接句“你现在一定很伤心”；要点2－②的表达显得单调，可以用aslongas引导的条件状语从句指出条件只要你保持乐观；要点2－③可以添加状语“作为一个意志坚强的人”和定语从句地震所带来的困境；要点3－②可以用不定式作目的状语来说明捐款的目的帮助你渡过难关。拓展要点1－①：听到一场地震侵袭了你的家乡并造成了巨大损失我非常难过。(cause)I'm_awfully_sorry_to_hear_that_an_earthquake_hit_your_hometown_and_caused_a_great_loss.补充衔接句：你现在一定很伤心。(sorrowful)You_must_feel_sorrowful_now.拓展要点2－②：只要你保持乐观，你会渡过这个困难的时期的。(optimistic)As_long_as_you_remain_optimistic,_you_will_get_through_this_difficult_period.拓展要点2－③：作为一个意志坚强的人，你肯定会鼓起你所有的勇气去面对并摆脱地震所带来的困境的。(strong­willed，定语从句)As_a_strong­willed_man,_you_will_definitely_gather_all_your_courage_to_face_and_handle_the_mess_that_the_earthquake_brought_about.拓展要点3－②：我会号召同学们为你捐赠来帮助你渡过难关。(不定式作目的状语)I_will_call_on_my_classmates_to_make_a_donation_to_you_to_help_you_go_through_the_difficulty.第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡写作时要注意上下文的连贯性，可使用一些过渡性词语和句子，使文章结构紧凑。“你现在一定很伤心”是一个承上启下句，应放在表达“安慰和鼓励”之前；然后用however进行语意上的衔接；在表示“号召捐赠”时可以通过条件状语“Ifnecessary”来进行衔接。Dear_Peter，I'm_awfully_sorry_to_hear_that_an_earthquake_hit_your_hometown_and_caused_a_great__am_writing_to_express_my_deepest_sympathy_to_you.You_must_feel_sorrowful_now.However,_life_isn't_so__long_as_you_remain_optimistic,_you_will_get_through_this_difficult__a_strong­willed_man,_you_will_definitely_gather_all_your_courage_to_face_and_handle_the_mess_that_the_earthquake_brought__I_can_be_of_any_help,_please_don't_hesitate_to_let_me__necessary,_I_will_call_on_my_classmates_to_make_a_donation_to_you_to_help_you_go_through_the_difficulty.Never_give_up_hope_and_be_strong!_Longing_for_good_news_from_you!Yours_sincerely，Li_Hua理清文体结构之(十五)议论文之总分结构——找到论点、论证过程是关键“总分结构”议论文最显著的特点是论点伴随事例在文章开头部分提出，事例往往是铺垫，是提出论点的前奏。随之而来的是论证过程。该论证过程中常常采用分层逐条论述。抓住了此类文章的结构特点，再结合题目要求，便能快速到原文中定位信息区间，从而正确解题。[高考典例]2016·浙江卷·A篇[找论点、论证过程][高考典例]2016·浙江卷·A篇[读文解题技法]eq\a\vs4\al(总,1～3段)◄论点分：论证过程影响1影响2影响3提出建议[1]“DidyouhearwhathappenedtoAdamlastFriday？”LindseywhisperstoTori.[2]Withhereyesshining,Toribrags,“YoubetIdid.Seantoldmetwodaysago.”[3]WhoareLindseyandToritalkingabout?Itjusthappenstobeyourstruly,AdamFreedman.Icantellyouthatwhattheyaresayingis(a)notniceand(b)noteventrue.Still,LindseyandToriaren’tverydifferentfrommoststudentshereatLintonHighSchool,includingme.Manyofourconversationsaregossip(闲话).Ihavenoticedthreeeffectsofgossip：itcanhurtpeople,itcangivegossipersastrangekindofsatisfaction,anditcancausesocialpressuresinagroup.[4]Animportantnegativeeffectofgossipisthatitcanhurtthepersonbeingtalkedabout.Usually,gossipspreadsinformationaboutatopic—breakups,troubleathome,even