2022年新教材高考英语一轮复习Unit5Adelicateworld学案选择性必修第二册

Unit5Adelicateworld(一)高频重点词汇eq\a\vs4\al(/)分类记忆，用时少，功效高Ⅰ.阅读词汇·读懂默想下面单词的含义，不会的在中做出标记并核对识记。1.dramaticallyadv. 2.variationn． 3.heritagen.4.habitatn. 5.subsequentlyadv. 6.chaosn.7.immunityn. 8.collapsev. 9.substantialadj.10.biologicaladj. 11.interventionn. 12.pestn.13.ecologyn. 14.nutrientn. 15.wormn.16.visualadj. 17.sessionn. 18.statusn.19.criterionn. 20.apparentlyadv.[自主核对区]1．显著地2.差异；变化3.遗产；传统4.栖息地5．后来，随后6.大混乱；紊乱7.免疫力8.倒坍；塌下9．大量的，多的10.生物的，与生物有关的11.干预，介入12.有害小动物，害虫13.生态14.养分，营养物15．蠕虫；(昆虫的)幼虫16.视觉的17.一段时间18．地位；身份19.标准，准则20.据说；看来；似乎Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通[辨词义·写词形]1．halfwayadj. 中间的，半途的2．virusn. 病毒3．owev. 应该做；对……负有…… 的义务4．rareadj. 稀有的，罕见的5．elsewhereadv. 在别处6．greetingn. 问候；招呼7．multiplyv. (使)大大增加(使)倍增8．departuren. 离开，出发；背离，违反[入语境·重活用]1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt­freefur—unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvast(广大的)wetlandseveryyear.2．(2020·新高考山东卷)Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetites(胃口)youreallyneedtoavoid.3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Thisswitchhasdecreased(减少)pollutioninthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.4．(北京卷)Teenagersclimbeddozensofflightsofstairstodeliverwaterandfoodtoelderlypeopletrapped(困在)inpowerlesshigh­risebuildings.Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活1．conservationn．保护；保存→conservativeadj.保守的；守旧的→conservev．保护2．explodev．突然增加；爆炸→explosionn．爆炸3．comparisonn．比较→comparevt.比较4．secureadj.稳固的；安全的；可靠的→securityn．安全；保证；担保5．endangeredadj.濒临灭绝的→endangerv．使遭受危险/危害→dangern．危险→dangerousadj.危险的[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空1．HedrovesofastthatIreallyfeltmylifewasindanger.SoItoldhimdrivingfastwasdangerousandifhedidn'tslowdown,hewouldendangerourlives.(danger)2．Duringthefestival,thesecuritydepartmentshouldtakeresponsibilitytomakepeoplefeelsecure．(secure)3．Twobombsexplodedinthecentreofourcityandtheexplosioncausedsevendeaths.(explode)(二)高频短语串记eq\a\vs4\al(/)记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高单元短语·再现1．on_behalf_of代表2._in_turn 依次；反过来3._be_native_to 原产于……4．die_out 灭绝5._come_up_with 提出；想出6．once_and_for_all 一劳永逸7．feed_on 以……为食；用……喂养8．break_down 分解；出故障9．in_existence 存在10．be_responsible_for 为……负责11．in_return 作为回报[语境活用]——选用左栏短语填空1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)On_behalf_ofallourteammembers,Iamwritingtoinviteyoutojoinusinthebattle.2．(天津卷)Weofferanexcellenteducationtoourstudents.In_return,_weexpectstudentstoworkhard.3．Hecame_up_withtheideaoftheWorldWideWebin1989whilehewasworkinginSwitzerland.4．Accordingtosomephilosophers,everythingin_existenceisreasonable.5．Afterdiscussion,wehavedecidedtosettlethematteronce_and_for_all．会积累(日积月累，联想发散)1.以后缀“­(t)ure”结尾的名词①departv．离开→departuren．离开②failv．失败→failuren．失败③pleasev．使高兴→pleasuren．高兴④exposev．暴露→exposuren．暴露⑤createv．创造→creaturen．生物2.变on为a构成复数的名词①criterion→criteria标准，准则②phenomenon→phenomena现象3.“代表”聚会①onbehalfof代表②standfor代表；表示③representv.代表④representativen.代表⑤delegaten.代表(三)重点句型仿写eq\a\vs4\al(/)熟记公式，练原句，表达高背佳句明句型巧仿写Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants,includingroyalpenguins,kingpenguins,andelephantseals,existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.他们也不会不去想象它的土著居民，包括皇家企鹅、企鹅王和象海豹，数千年来是如何与它们的自然栖息地和谐共存的。否定词位于句首的倒装1.(2019·天津卷)这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不能使用手机。Theprofessorwarnedthestudentsthaton_no_account_should_they_usemobilephonesinhisclass.Itisalsooneoftherarelocationsintheworldwherescientistscanobserveinrealtimetheecologicalandbiologicalprocessesthatoccurastheplantsandanimalsdevelopandevolve.它也是世界上罕见的地方之一，科学家可以在那里实时观察植物和动物进化过程中发生的生态和生物过程。where引导定语从句2.(2020·新高考山东卷)莫莱开始自己去寻找，发现了附近的一个岛，并开始在那里种树。Molaiwentlookingonhisownanddiscoveredanearbyislandwhere_he_began_to_plant_trees.WhatisspecialaboutthehoneyisthatitisproducedbytheearliestspeciesofChinesebee.这种蜂蜜的特殊之处在于它是由中国最早的蜜蜂酿造的。what引导主语从句3.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)你需要的是一个允许你犯错的好老师。What_you_needisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.[学生用书P200])decreasen．&v．(使)变小(使)减少(使)降低[先练会]——单句语法填空①Thenumberofcaraccidentsisonthedecrease.②Bytheendofthestudy,thatpercentagehaddecreasedbyhalf,to45percent.③Wehavenoideawhenthehousingpriceswilldecreasetothelevelwecanafford.④Therehasbeenadecreaseinourimportsovertheyears.[再写美]——同义替换⑤Thenumberofsuchpeopleisdecreasingnowwhichshowsthatpeoplearebecomingmorereasonable.→Thenumberofsuchpeopleison_the_decreasenowwhichshowsthatpeoplearebecomingmorereasonable.eq\a\vs4\al()(1)decreaseby... 减少了……decreaseto... 减少到……(2)onthedecrease 在减少[佳句背诵]Beingaddictedtoonlineshoppingfortoolong,accordingtoasurveyconductedrecently,willgreatlydecreasepeople'sdesiretotakepartinsocialactivities.根据最近进行的一项调查，长时间沉迷于网络购物将极大地降低人们参加社交活动的欲望。trapn．夹子；陷阱，圈套；困境v．使困住，使陷于；使落网[先练会]——单句语法填空①IwastrappedintotellingthethiefallIknew.②(2018·北京卷)Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswhohad_been_trapped(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.③(2019·天津卷)Thosewhodaretotryoftengetthemselvestrapped(trap)．④Onceyoufallintoatrap,itwillnotbeeasytogetoutofit.[再写美]——句式升级⑤(普通表达)Hewastrappedinatrafficjam,sohehadtobepatient,waiting.(高级表达)Trapped_in_a_traffic_jam,_hehadtobepatient，waiting.(过去分词短语作状语)eq\a\vs4\al()(1)set/layatrap布置陷阱fallintoatrap 落入陷阱/圈套(2)trapodoing... 诱骗某人做……be/gettrappedin... 被困在……中[佳句背诵](1)Thebigfireblockedthestairs，leavingdozensofpeopletrappedonthetopofthebuilding.大火封住了楼梯，使得几十个人困在楼顶。(2)Thecarsblockingtheexitscouldturnthisplaceintoadeathtrap.那些堵住出口的汽车可能使这个地方成为死亡陷阱。owev．应该做；对……负有……的义务；欠(帐、钱、人情等)；归因于……；归功于……[先练会]——单句语法填空①ImustsayIowealltheachievementstotheencouragementandhelpfrommycolleaguesandfriends.②Whereverwearetoday,weoweittoourparentswhohavegivenandtaughtussomuch.③Owing(owe)tostaffshortages,therewasnorestaurantcaronthetrain.[再写美]——词汇/句式升级④(普通表达)Thankstohisoptimismandperseverance,hewasadmittedintoPekingUniversity.(高级表达)It_was_owing_to_his_optimism_and_perseverance_thathewasadmittedintoPekingUniversity.(强调句型)eq\a\vs4\al()(1)owesb.anapology该向某人道歉owesb.sth.＝owesth.tosb. 欠某人某物(2)owe...to... 把……归功于……oweittosb.that... 多亏某人……(3)owingto 因为；由于[佳句背诵]OnlyaftermyfriendtoldmethetruthdidIknowIhadmisunderstoodyou,soIthinkIoweyouasincereapology.只是我的朋友告诉我真相后，我才知道我误解了你，所以我想我欠你一个真诚的道歉。comparisonn．比较[先练会]——单句语法填空①Thisonecostsmorebutischeaperby/incomparison.②Shakespearecomparedtheworldtoastage.③(2019·江苏卷)Thefirstuniquehumancharacteristicisthathumanshaveextraordinarilylargebrainscompared(compare)withotheranimals.[再写美]——一句多译和其他学生相比，迈克更加勤勉一些。④Compared_with/tootherstudents,Mikeismorediligent.(compare)⑤In_comparison_withotherstudents,Mikeismorediligent.(comparison)eq\a\vs4\al()(1)by/incomparison相比之下，比较起来by/incomparisonwith... 和……相比较(2)comparevt. 比较；把……比作vi. 相比comparedwith/to... 和……比起来，与…… 相比compare...to... 把……比作……(3)without/beyondcompare 无与伦比；举世无双[佳句背诵]Thedriver'sinjuriesweretrivialincomparisonwiththoseofthepassengers.司机所受的伤与那些乘客相比算是微不足道的了。否定词位于句首的倒装(教材原句)Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants,includingroyalpenguins,kingpenguins,andelephantseals,existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.他们也不会不去想象它的土著居民，包括皇家企鹅、企鹅王和象海豹，数千年来是如何与它们的自然栖息地和谐共存的。[先练会]——单句语法填空/补全句子①LittledidIknowthatshehadalreadyleft.②NeverhaveIseen(see)suchamovingfilm.③(2018·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)Thefilmisperfect.Never_have_I_seen_a_better_one(我从来没有看过比这更好的电影了)before.④Notuntilsomeoneremindedhim_did_he_know(他才知道)themantoldalie.[再写美]——把下列句子改为倒装句⑤Thelostcarwasnowheretobefound.→Nowhere_was_the_lost_car_to_be_found.⑥Inotonlyknewher,butIwasherbestfriend.→Not_only_did_I_know_her,_but_I_was_her_best_friend.⑦Hecouldn'tdoituntilhisfriendofferedtohelp.→Not_until_his_friend_offered_to_help_could_he_do_it.eq\a\vs4\al()否定词位于句首，要用部分倒装语序，即把谓语动词的一部分(助动词、情态动词或be动词)提到主语之前。这类否定词或含有否定意义的短语主要有：no、not、never、little、hardly、seldom、scarcely、barely、notuntil、neither...nor...、notonly...butalso...、nosooner...than...、hardly...when...、innosense、innoway、innocase、bynomeans、onnoaccount/consideration、atnotime、undernocircumstances等。[佳句背诵]HeissuchanilltemperedmanthatonnoconditionwillIcooperatewithhim.他的脾气太暴躁了，无论如何我都不会和他合作。[名师点津](1)当notuntil位于句首时，notuntil所在的从句不用倒装语序，主句要用倒装语序。(2)notonly...butalso...连接两个并列句且notonly位于句首时，前者用倒装语序后者不用倒装语序。(3)neither...nor...连接并列的句子且neither位于句首时(因neither/nor都是具有否定意义的词)前后两句都用倒装语序。[学生用书P201])提能训练一阅读理解障碍词Ⅰ.语境辨义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Thekidsapparentlyknowthetruth.Butourinsistingit'smerelyawindowhaskeptthemfromattemptingmillionsofrequeststoopenthedoor.adv.明显地2．(2020·天津卷7月)Librarieswilloftenholdreading­groupsessionstargetedatvariousagegroups.n．会议3．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat­sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.v．崩溃4．(2019·天津卷)Rapideconomicdevelopmentthreatensanimalhabitats.n．栖息地Ⅱ.熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义1．(2019·北京卷)Afterwards,sheandherfathersecuredtheirfirstbusinessmeetingwithasupermarketowner,whofinallyagreedtosellMoore'sproduct—CanCandy.v.实现；取得2．Thepopulationexplodesto40，000duringthetouristseason.v.暴涨；突然增加3．Hespentalotofmoneyinsatisfyingtheappetiteforexcitementandamusement.n.要求；欲望4．(2020·浙江卷7月)Theresultsheldtrueevenafterthescientistsaccountedfortheparticipants'overallhealthstatus.n.状况Ⅲ.一词多义1.根据语境选出rare的词性及含义A．adj.稀少的；稀罕的 B．adj.杰出的；极好的C．adj.半熟的；半生的(1)Ontherareoccasionswhentheymethehardlyevendaredspeaktoher.__A__(2)Inthiscountry,thicktunasteaksareeatenrare,likebeef.__C__(3)Ferrishasarareabilitytorecordherobservationsonpaper.__B__2.根据语境选出multiply的词性及含义eq\x(A.v.乘；乘以B.v.成倍增加；迅速增加C.v.繁殖，增殖)(1)Itispossibletomultiplythesebacteriainthelaboratory.__C__(2)Wehavemanycaseswherehardworkaswellasgoodcommunicationskillshavemultipliedone'schancesofsuccessinthepastyears.__B__(3)Thechildrenarealreadylearningtomultiplyanddivide.__A__3.根据语境选出depart的词性及含义eq\x(A.v.离开；起程B.v.偏离；违背)(1)Whyisitinthiscountrythatwehavedepartedfromgoodeducationalsense?__B__(2)Shewaiteduntilthelastoftheguestshaddeparted.__A__提能训练二话题微写作(单元词汇、句式、语法综合运用)1．补全要点句①人类活动的加剧已经威胁到许多动物的栖息地，甚至造成某些动物灭绝。(endanger,habitat,dieout)Theaggravationofhumanactivitieshasendangered_the_habitat_of_many_animalsandevencausedsomeanimalsto_die_out．②人类食用野生动物造成病毒传播，降低了人类免疫力，对动物界的干预打破了生态平衡，造成混乱。(virus,immunity,intervention,ecological,chaos)Humanconsumptionofwildanimalscausesthe_spread_of_virusandreduceshumanimmunity,_andthe_intervention_in_the_animal_kingdom_breaks_the_ecological_balance_and_caused_chaos．③人类应该为此负责。(beresponsiblefor)Humanbeingsshouldbe_responsible_for_this．④很明显，想要一劳永逸地解决这个问题是不可能的。(apparently,onceandforall)Apparently,_itisimpossibletosolvethisproblemonce_and_for_all．⑤我们要做的事是提出切实可行的措施，分阶段实现保护动物的目标。(what主语从句，comeupwith,conservation)What_we_need_to_doistocome_up_with_practical_measurestoachievethe_goal_of_animal_conservationinstages.⑥动物应该成为人类的朋友，而不是我们肚中的营养物。(nutrient)Animalsshouldbefriendsofhumanbeings,not_nutrients_in_our_stomachs．2．升级平淡句⑦将句③用强调句型改写It_is_human_beings_that_should_be_responsible_for_this.⑧将句⑥用not...but...改写Animals_should_not_be_nutrients_in_our_stomachs_but_be_friends_of_human_beings._3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：furthermore,so,inmyopinion)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：Theaggravationofhumanactivitieshasendangeredthehabitatofmanyanimalsandevencausedsomeanimalstodieout.Furthermore,humanconsumptionofwildanimalscausesthespreadofvirusandreduceshumanimmunity,andtheinterventionintheanimalkingdombreakstheecologicalbalanceandcausedchaos.Itishumanbeingsthatshouldberesponsibleforthis.Apparently,itisimpossibletosolvethisproblemonceandforall.So,whatweneedtodoistocomeupwithpracticalmeasurestoachievethegoalofanimalconservationinstages.Inmyopinion,animalsshouldnotbenutrientsinourstomachsbutbefriendsofhumanbeings.提能训练三读后续写29——用形容词和副词增加细节描述Ⅰ.翻译实践(表示疲惫)→普通表达：她疲惫不堪。Shewastired/exhausted.→概括描述：用适当的副词修饰形容词Shewasextremely/terriblytired/exhausted.→细节描述：增加疲惫的表现＋句型疲惫的表现：没力气、走不动、挣扎着站起来等句型：too...to...结构她坐在椅子上等着，一点力气也没有。Shesatonachairwaiting,without_any_strength．她挣扎着站起来，太累了以至于走不动了。Shestruggled_to_her_feetandwastoo_tired_to_move_on．Ⅱ.迷你语料库[修辞(figureofspeech)——夸张(exaggeration)]1．Thenalongcamethisfishaboutthesizeofahouse.2．It'sacrimetostayinsideonsuchabeautifulday.3．Seeingsuchaterriblescene,hefoundscoresofarrowspiercingherchest.4．Ayounggirlbroughtthehousedownwithacharmingballetdance.A卷——小题夯基练[学生用书P438(单独成册)]Ⅰ.语境填词1．Theexhibitiondemonstratessuchendangered(濒临灭绝的)animalsasthegiantpandaandtheSiberiantigeranddescribestheworkbeingdonetoprotectthem.2．Weattemptedtopersuadetheoldladytobelievethattheplaneissecure(安全的)．3．Comparison(比较)maymakesomethingappearmorebeautifulthanitiswhenseenalone.4．Mary,Iheardtherewasanexplosion(爆炸)inLuzhou.Couldyoutellmehowitcameabout?5．Thegovernmentsneedtolookatwaysofgivingthosewhoexploittheresourcesoftheseaaninterestintheirconservation(保护)．6．Whatyouarerequiredtodoaccordingtotherulesisthatyoushouldplacebackthebooktotheplacewhereitbelongsbeforeyourdeparture(离开)．7．Asiswidelyaccepted,intheMiddleEastArabsgreeteachotherbytouchingnoses,butthisisnotapolitewayofgreeting(问候)inothercultures.8．Inancienttimes,peoplerarely(很少)traveledlongdistancesandmostfarmersonlytraveledasfarasthelocalmarket.9．Youwillsucceedintheendunlessyougiveuphalfway(中途)．Ⅱ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)1．(2019·天津卷)Wesucceedinourfieldofspecializationandthenbecometrapped(trap)init.2．(2018·江苏卷)Children'scomparing(compare)themselvestoothersonlinemayleadtolowerself­identityandconfidence.3．Therewasatimewhenconservation(conserve)meantkeepingpeopleawayfromnature.4．(2019·江苏卷)Theexplosion(explode)hadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.5．Customersrarely(rare)haveanopportunitytowatchthecooksdoingthecookingonthespotalthoughitsoundsquitenormalforanycook.6．(2019·江苏卷)ChrisandTimworkatazoo,helpingendangered(endanger)craneswiththeirreproduction.7．Hekeptusinformedofthefactthatpersonalinformationsecurity(secure)isparticularlyimportant.Ⅲ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)1．IoweittoyouthatIhavemadegreatprogressinmyEnglish.2．Anexplosionhappenedinthemine,leaving(leave)twenty­twominerstrapped.3．Mymotherhasnoappetiteforfood,soIcooksomedisheseasytodigestforher.4．Alocalnewspaperremarkedthatthenumberofliterarymasterpieceswasonthedecrease.5．Compared(compare)withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesn'tseemhighatall.6．Ifyougoonworkinglikethat，youwillbreakdownsoonerorlater.7．Somemeasuresareneededtosecurethenecessitiesfrom/againstterrorists.Ⅳ.完成句子/句型转换/一句多译1．汤姆从没想到过这个国家的安全形势会那么严峻。Never_did_it_occur_to_Tomthatthesecuritysituationinthiscountrywouldbesosevere.2．这位同志帮了你很多，你应该请他吃顿饭。Thecomradehashelpedyoualot,soyouowe_it_to_him_to_treat_him_to_dinner．3．RepresentingmygovernmentIhavethehonourtosubmitthefollowingstatisticstoyou.→On_behalf_ofmygovernmentIhavethehonourtosubmitthefollowingstatisticstoyou.4．Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,whichcausedseriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.→Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,causing_serious_flooding_in_several_provinces．(现在分词短语作结果状语)5．如果你把哥伦比亚和查尔斯顿相比，你会发现前者是一个年轻的城市。(1)If_you_compareColumbiawithCharleston，youwillfindtheformerisayoungcity.(if引导条件状语从句)(2)Compared_with_Charleston,_Columbiaisayoungcity.(过去分词短语作状语)(3)Comparing_Columbia_with_Charleston,_youwillfindtheformerisayoungcity.(现在分词短语作状语)(4)In_comparison_with_Charleston,_Columbiaisayoungcity.(介词短语)B卷——大题提能练[学生用书P439(单独成册)]Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2021·北京大兴区质检)Didyouknowthatalmost100%ofthematerialsinyourmobilephonecanberecoveredandrecycledtogenerateenergyormakenewproducts,suchasplasticproducts,electronicsorevenjewelry?Everymobilephonecontainssignificantamountsofcopper,aluminum,gold,plasticandothernon­metalsthatcanberecycledandreused.TheSingtelxSingPostE­wasteRecyclingProgramme,launchedonWorldEnvironmentDay,5thJune2017,isacooperationbetweenthetwoleadingICTandpostalcompaniesaspartoftheirenvironmentalsustainabilityefforts.CalledReCYCLE,theprogrammeprovidesthemeansforpeopletodotheirpartfortheenvironmentbyrecyclingtheirmobileandInternetrelatedelectronicwastesuchasmobilephonesandchargers,laptopsandtablets,modemsandrouters,andotherrelatedaccessories(配件)．TheseunwanteddevicescanbedroppedoffintotheReCYCLEbinsatselectedSingtelShopandSingtelExclusiveRetaileroutletsandPostOffices.YoucanalsoaskforaReCYCLEenvelopefromanySingtelShopandSingtelExclusiveRetaileroutlets,andPostOffices,andmailyourmobiledeviceandaccessoriesatnocharge.Thisprogrammereduceswasteasitensuresthatthevaluablemetalsandcomponentsthedevicescontaingetrecovered.However,e­wastethatisoftenthrownaway,includingallthepreciousmetalsthatitcontains,willbeburntandlandfilledatSemakauLandfill.Isthedatainmye­wastesafewhensentforrecycling?WeassuredthatallstoragemediadeviceslikeSIMcards,memorycards,USBflashdrivesandharddrivesaresafeforrecycling.Cimelia,oure­wasterecyclingpartnerisareliableandNEA­licensedcompany,whichisonlyinterestedinextracting(提取)thepreciousmetalsfromthedevices,NOTthedatainthem.Thedeviceswillgothroughacrushingprocessforsecuredestructionafterthewholeextractionprocess.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了ReCYCLE回收项目的内容、如何进行回收以及回收的意义。1．WhywastheprogrammeReCYCLEestablished?A．Tocallonpeopletosortoutwaste.B．Toadvertiseforatrustworthycompany.C．Topromoteanewkindofelectronicproduct.D．Tocollectmaterialsforco­friendlypurpose.D解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，ReCYCLE回收项目通过回收移动和互联网相关的电子废物等，给人们提供了为环保出一份力的方式。以及第五段中的“Thisprogrammereduceswasteasitensuresthatthevaluablemetalsandcomponentsthedevicescontaingetrecovered.(这项计划减少了浪费，因为它确保设备中的贵重金属和部件得到回收。)”由此可知，这个回收项目的目的是收集电子材料，为环保出一份力。分析选项可知D项(收集材料以达到环保的目的)符合题意。故选D。2．Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatpeoplemay________．A．mailthedevicesforfreeB．leavethedevicesatanyPostOfficeC．findyourpersonalinformationexposedtoothersD．delivertheharddrivestoCimelia'sreliablepartnerA解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“YoucanalsoaskforaReCYCLEenvelopefromanySingtelShopandSingtelExclusiveRetaileroutlets,andPostOffices,andmailyourmobiledeviceandaccessoriesatnocharge.(您还可以向任何新加坡电信商店、新加坡电信独家零售店和邮局索取ReCYCLE信封，并免费邮寄您的移动设备和配件。)”可知，邮寄设备是免费的。故选A。3．Theprogrammeattachesmoreimportanceto________．A．recyclingmetal B．savingelectricityC．reducingplastic D．collectingdataA解析：推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，这项计划确保设备中的贵重金属和部件得到回收。这些经常被丢弃的电子垃圾，包括它所含的所有贵金属，将会被焚烧和填埋。再根据最后一段中的“whichisonlyinterestedinextracting(提取)thepreciousmetalsfromthedevices,NOTthedatainthem.”可知，它只对从设备中提取贵金属感兴趣。由此可推出，这个项目更加重视金属的回收利用。故选A。4．Whereisthispassagemostlikelytohavebeentakenfrom?A．Afashionmagazine.B．Ascienceweekly.C．Achemistrytextbook.D．Ashoppingwebsite.B解析：文章出处题。文章主要介绍了ReCYCLE回收项目的内容、如何进行回收以及回收的意义。且本文中涉及许多科技产品及科技术语，所以应该出自科技周刊。故选B。B(2021·华中师大附中质检)Whenshefirststartedlearningabouttheclimatechangefromoneofherelders,FawnSharpwasinvitedonahelicopterflightovertheOlympicMountainstosurveytheMountAndersonglacier.Buttheglacierwasgone,meltedbythewarmingclimate.Sharphadadeepsenseoflosswhenshediscoveredtheglacierwasn'tthereanymore.Lossisagrowingissueforpeopleworkingandlivingonthefrontlinesofclimatechange.AndthatgaveJenniferWrenAtkinson,afull­timelecturerattheUniversityofWashingtonBothell,US,anideaforaclass.Thisterm,shetaughtstudentsontheBothellcampusabouttheemotionalburdensofenvironmentalstudies.SheusedtheexperiencesofNativeAmericantribes(部落),scientistsandactivists,andaskedher24studentstofacetherealitythatthereisnoeasyfix—that“thisissuchanintractableproblemthatthey'regoingtobedealingwithitfortherestoftheirlives.”StudentCodyDillonusedtobeaclimatescienceskeptic(怀疑论者).Thenhedidhisownreadingandresearch,andchangedhismind.Dillonwasn'tgoingintoenvironmentalwork—hewasacomputer­sciencemajor.Yet,thepotentialforaworldwideenvironmentalcatastropheseemedsorealtohimfiveyearsagothathequithisjobandbecameafull­timevolunteerforanenvironmentalgroupthatworkedonrestoration(恢复)projects.Sixmonthsintothework,hedecidedthatAtkinson'sclasswasjustwhathewaslookingfor—aplacewherehecoulddiscusshisconcernsaboutachangingclimate.Atkinsonsaidshehopedtheclasshelpedherstudentspreparethemselvesfortheamountofenvironmentallossthatwillhappenovertheirlifetimes.“Wearealreadychangingtheplanet—somanyspeciesaregoingtobelost,displacedormassivelyimpacted，”shesaid.“Thefutureisn'tgoingtobewhattheyimagined.”【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。菲恩·夏普通过一次搭乘直升机飞行的经历认识到了冰川融化的严重性，同时珍妮弗·雷恩·阿特金森给学生开设了课程，教学生如何面对气候变化，她的课程让很多学生关注环境问题。5．WhydidtheauthormentionthecaseofFawnSharp?A．TolayabasisforFawnSharp'sfurtherresearch.B．ToproveFawnSharp'sworkissimilartoAtkinson's.C．Toleadintotheissueoflosscausedbyclimatechange.D．Toshowscientists'concernabouttheMountAndersonglacier.C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段可知，菲恩·夏普在一次搭乘直升机飞行时意识到气候变化导致了冰川融化；由此可推知，作者在第一段中提及菲恩·夏普的例子是为了引出下文气候变化导致环境问题的话题，故选C。6．What'sthemainpurposeofAtkinson'sclass?A．Toexplorehowdifferentpeopledealwithclimatechange.B．Togetstudentsmoreconcernedabouttheenvironmentalissue.C．TofindsolutionstotheenvironmentalissueofOlympicMountains.D．Toteachstudentshowtoconductresearchaboutenvironment.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“shetaughtstudents...theemotionalburdensofenvironmentalstudies...andaskedher24studentstofacetherealitythatthereisnoeasyfix—that‘thisissuchanintractableproblemthatthey'regoingtobedealingwithitfortherestoftheirlives.’(她给学生讲环境研究的情感压力……她让她的24个学生面对没有简单的解决方法这个事实——这是‘一个如此困难的问题以至于学生们将用他们的余生来解决它。’)”由此可知，阿特金森的课程目的是让学生们更加关注环境问题，故选B。7．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“intractable”underlinedinparagraph3?A．Simple. B．Difficult.C．Common. D．Interesting.B解析：词义猜测题。根据上文可知，阿特金森用美洲土著部落、科学家以及积极分子们的经历让她的24个学生面对没有简单的解决方法这个事实，并结合该句“thisissuchanintractableproblemthatthey'regoingtobedealingwithitfortherestoftheirlives”可知，这是一个如此困难的问题以至于学生们将用他们的余生来解决它，故选B。8．HowdidAtkinson'sclassinfluenceDillon?A．Itmadehimworkasapart­timevolunteerforrestorationprojects.B．Itmadehimrealizeaplanet­wideclimatedisasterwouldhappen.C．Itencouragedhimtobemoreinvolvedinenvironmentalprotection.D．Itdiscouragedhimtoworkonrestorationprojectsfortheenvironment.C解析：推理判断题。根据第六段内容可知，迪隆在环保组织做了六个月志愿者之后，他认为在阿特金森的课堂上他可以讨论他对气候变化的担忧；由此可推知，阿特金森的课程鼓励迪隆参与到环境保护中来，故选C。Ⅱ.完形填空(2021·烟台高考适应性训练)Yearsago,mygrandmotherwasinanursinghome.Shewasaretireduniversityprofessor,whichbroughtheranoceanof__1__shehadtaughtbefore.Insharp__2__withmygrandmother,almostnoonecametoseetheoldmannextdoor.Hewas__3__mostofthetime.OnceI__4__him,“Howareyoudoingrecently？”Hegavemealook,sayingnothing.Thinkinghewas__5__ofhearing,Iraisedmyvoiceandaskedagain.Hejustshookhisheadslightly.Afteralongwhile,findingIwas__6__there,hejustsaid,“Fine.”Thenhelookedaway.Ihadtoshutup,feelingrather__7__．Later,Ilearnedthattheoldmanhadgotquiteafewcompaniesfromhisfamily.Sincehewasnotagood__8__，heannoyedmanypeopleandevenmadehisfamilyandfriends__9__.And__10__，hiscompaniesallfailed.Sowhatisthemostimportant__11__apersoncanhave?Perhapsyouthinkmakingmoneyistheanswer.No!Buttheabilityto__12__yourthoughtsis.It'sextremelyimportantforapersontolearntoputwhathethinksinto__13__.Itmakesarelationship__14__andacareerflourish(繁荣).I'mafraidthisissomethingmanyofus__15__.Justthink:Howmanyofushaveeverhurtthosewholoveusjustbecausewearenotgoodatspeaking?So,moreoftenthannot,itisnotwhatwethinkbuthowwespeakthatdetermineshowfarwecangoinlife.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者从养老院一个不太会说话的老人身上认识到一个人最重要的能力是会说话(用语言表达自己的想法)，我们说话的方式决定了我们的人生高度。1．A.neighbors B．friendsC．relatives D．visitorsD解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是一名退休的大学教授，所以有很多她教过的学生来探望她。neighbor意为“邻居”，friend意为“朋友”，relative意为“亲戚”，visitor意为“访问者”。根据下文的“Insharp______withmygrandmother,almostnoonecametoseetheoldmannextdoor.”可知，与“我”祖母形成鲜明对比的是，几乎没有人来看隔壁的老人，这说明来探望“我”祖母的人很多，故D项正确。2．A.agreement B．contrastC．conflict D．companyB解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：与我祖母形成鲜明对比的是，几乎没有人来看隔壁的老人。agreement意为“(意见或看法)一致”，contrast意为“对比”，conflict意为“冲突”，company意为“陪伴”。上文说“我”祖母是一名退休的大学教授，所以有很多人来探望她，再结合下文的“almostnoonecametoseetheoldmannextdoor”可知，几乎没有人来看隔壁的老人，这与“我”祖母形成鲜明的对比，故B项正确。3．A.alone B．calmC．high­spirited D．impatientA解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他大部分时间都是独自一人。alone意为“独自的”，calm意为“冷静的”，high­spirited意为“兴致勃勃的”，impatient意为“不耐烦的”。上文说几乎没有人来看隔壁的老人，所以他大部分时间都是独自一人，故A项正确。4．A.questioned B．greetedC．encountered D．encouragedB解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次我跟他打招呼，“你最近怎么样？”，他看了我一眼，什么也没说。question意为“询问”，greet意为“问候、打招呼”，encounter意为“遭遇”，encourage意为“鼓励”。根据下文的“Howareyoudoingrecently？”可知，“我”跟那个老人打招呼，“你最近怎么样？”，故B项正确。5．A.tired B．ashamedC．hard D．shortD解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以为他听力不太好，就提高嗓音又问了一遍。tired意为“厌烦的”，ashamed意为“羞愧的”，hard意为“困难的”，short意为“不足的”。上文说有一次“我”跟他打招呼，他只是看了我一眼，什么也没说，再结合下文的“Iraisedmyvoiceandaskedagain”可知，“我”提高嗓音又问了一遍，这说明“我”以为他听力不太好，beshortof意为“……不足”，故D项正确。6．A.always B．a