2021-2022学年Unit4GlobalwarmingSectionⅢ-Grammar课后篇巩固提升含解析新人教版选修6

Unit4GlobalwarmingSectionⅢ—Grammar课后篇巩固提升一、对画线部分进行强调1.Hebeganhismedicalresearchafterhegotfinancialhelp.

答案Itwasafterhegotfinancialhelpthathebeganhismedicalresearch.2.Hedidn’tmentionhisownplanuntiltheendoftheletter.

答案Itwasnotuntiltheendoftheletterthathementionedhisownplan.3.Whydidn’tyouattendthebirthdaypartyofyourbestfriend?

答案Whywasitthatyoudidn’tattendthebirthdaypartyofyourbestfriend?4.Theculture,ratherthanthelanguage,madeithardforhimtoadapttothenewenvironmentabroad.

答案Itwastheculture,ratherthanthelanguage,thatmadeithardforhimtoadapttothenewenvironmentabroad.二、阅读理解Findingfishisgoingtogetharderasclimatechangecontinuestoheattheworld’soceans.Anewstudyfindsthatwarmingseasoverthepast80yearshavereducedthesustainablecatchof124speciesoffishandshellfish.Asustainablecatchreferstotheamountthatcanbeharvestedwithoutdoinglong-termdamagetothehealthofpopulationsofsomespecies.Overfishinghasmadethatdeclineworse,researcherssay.Overfishingreferstocatchingsomanyfishthatthesizeofthepopulationfalls.Insomepartsoftheworld,suchastheheavilyfishedSeaofJapan,thedecreaseisashighas35percent.That’salossofmorethanoneineverythreefish.Researchersexaminedchangesin235populationsoffishandshellfishbetween1930and2010.Thosefishpopulationsspreadfarapartacross38oceanregions.Temperaturechangesvaryfromoneoceansitetoanother.Butonaverageoverthattime,Earth’ssea-surfacetemperatureshaverisenbyabouthalfadegreeCelsius.Onaverage,thatwarminghascausedthesustainablecatchtodropby4.1percent,thestudyfound.About8percentofthefishandshellfishpopulationstheteamstudiedsawlossesasaresultoftheoceanwarming.However,about4percentofsomepopulationsincreased.That’sbecausecertainspecieshavethrivedinwarmerwaters.Oneexampleisakindofblackseafish.ItlivesalongthenortheasternL.S.coast.Aswarmingcontinues,thesefishwillreproducefasteruntiltheyreachtheirlimit.About3.2billionpeopleworldwiderelyonseafoodasasourceoffood.Thatmeansit’surgentforcommercialfishingfleetsandregulatorstoconsiderhowclimatechangeisaffectingthehealthofallofthosefishinthesea.1.Whatdoesthenewstudydiscover?A.Overfishingistoblameforfishhealth.B.Warmingseascausefewerfishandshellfish.C.Seafoodmatterstopeople’shealthworldwide.D.Thelivingregionsoffishandshellfisharedifferent.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Anewstudyfindsthatwarmingseasoverthepast80yearshavereducedthesustainablecatchof124speciesoffishandshellfish.”可知,新的研究发现,海水升温导致鱼类和水生有壳动物减少。故选B项。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thrived”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Survivednarrowly. B.Disappearedsoon.C.Decreasedsharply. D.Developedquickly.答案D解析词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“Oneexample...Aswarmingcontinues,thesefishwillreproducefasteruntiltheyreachtheirlimit.”可知,随着升温继续,这些鱼将快速繁殖直到它们的极限,据此可推知,画线词的含义与“reproducefaster”相近,故选D项。3.Whatdoweknowaboutspeciesoffishandshellfish?A.About8percentofthemsufferedfromagreatloss.B.About35percentofthemsurvivedintheSeaofJapan.C.About3.2billionspecieshavebeensaveduptonow.D.About80specieshavediedoutbecauseofwarmingseas.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“About8percentofthefishandshellfishpopulationstheteamstudiedsawlossesasaresultoftheoceanwarming.”可知,大约8%的鱼类和水生有壳动物数量上遭受了重大损失。故选A项。根据第二段第三句“Insomeparts...thedecreaseisashighas35percent.”可知,B项表述错误;根据第五段第一句“About3.2billionpeopleworldwiderelyonseafoodasasourceoffood.”可知,C项表述错误;文章没有提到D项所表述的内容。4.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Acookingguide. B.Asciencemagazine.C.Anewsreview. D.Ahealthbrochure.答案B解析推理判断题。通读全文可知,一项最新研究显示,随着海洋变暖,鱼类和水生有壳动物的数量正在减少。这在一定程度上影响了渔业的产量和这些生物的健康。由此可推知,本文属于科学类文章。故选B项。三、七选五阅读理解WorldEnvironmentDay:Eco-friendlyfashiontipsJune5sawanotherWorldEnvironmentDay.Yetenvironmentalprotectionoughttobeaneverydayactivity.Itshouldn’tbesomethingonlyrememberedasaslogan.Savingwaterandusingpublictransportationcanhelpbenefitourfuturegenerationsinthelongrun.1Followthesetips:

BuylessManypeopletakeshopping,orbuyingthingsthatarenotnecessary,asawaytoreleasepressure.Andnowadays,almosteveryonebuysmoreclothesthanneeded.2Unnecessaryshoppingcouldbecomeanothersourceofpressuretobothyourfinancesandtheenvironment.

3

Naturalmaterialisgoodfornotonlytheenvironment,butalsothemindandbody.Thefeelingofwearingapolyester(聚酯纤维)shirtandanorganiccottonshirtistotallydifferent,especiallyinthehotsummer.UsenaturalcleanserWashingpowderwillpollutethewaterandharmyourclothes.Tryanaturalcleanser.Itcancleanyourclothesthoroughlywithoutdoinganyharmtoeithertheenvironmentoryourskin.4

Drycleaningwillcausealotofdamagetotheenvironment.Babyshampoocancleanthesedelicatetextilesaswell.Smartshopping5It’strueespeciallyforthoseyouonlywearonspecialoccasions.Andthereareservicesforrentingclothes,whichcanalsohelpyousavemoneyandprotecttheenvironment.

A.Choosenaturallydyedproducts.B.Choosenaturalandorganicmaterial.C.Secondhandclothescanbeasmarterchoice.D.Findabetterandhealthierwaytoreleasepressure.E.Reducethetimesyoudry-cleanpurewoolenandsilkitems.F.Yourwardrobecouldalsobemoreenvironmentallyfriendlytoo.G.Ifyoustillcan’tchangeoldshoppinghabits,trytobuylessfurproducts.答案1~5FDBEC四、完形填空(2019全国Ⅰ)Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They1withthemlotsofwaste.The2mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Theglaciers(冰川)aredisappearing,changingthe3ofKilimanjaro.

Hearingthesestories,I’m4abouttheplace—otherdestinationsaredescribedas“purer”naturalexperiences.

However,Isoon5thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof6amongtonsofrubbish.Ifinda7mountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.Theenvironmentalchallengesare8buttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe9.

ThebestofaKilimanjaro10,inmyopinion,isn’treachingthetop.Mountainsare11asspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This12isespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas13gothroughfiveecosystems(生态系统)inthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters,14landsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup,theweather15—lowcloudsenvelopethemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.I16twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighland17:gravel(砾石),stonesandrocks.18youclimbintoanarctic-likezonewith19snowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.

DoesKilimanjaro20itsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.

1.A.keepB.mixC.connect D.bring答案D解析由上文“每年大约有四万人试图攀爬乞力马扎罗山”和下文“或许会破坏它的美感”可知,众多的登山者带来了许多垃圾。bringwith“带来”。故选D项。2.A.stories B.buildingsC.crowds D.reporters答案C解析由上文可知,每年约四万人攀爬乞力马扎罗山,拥挤的人群(及所带来的垃圾)或许会影响它的美感。crowds“拥挤的人群”。故选C项。3.A.position B.ageC.face D.name答案C解析句意:冰川正在消融,改变着乞力马扎罗山的面貌。face“面貌”;position“位置”;age“年龄”;name“名字”。故选C项。4.A.silent B.skepticalC.serious D.crazy答案B解析根据上文讲述的乞力马扎罗山的气候环境变化和下文的“其他旅游景点被描述得更加纯净天然”可知,此处意为听完这些故事,“我”对乞力马扎罗山的自然美景持怀疑态度。skeptical“怀疑的”;silent“沉默的”;serious“严肃的”;crazy“疯狂的”。故选B项。5.A.discover B.argueC.decide D.advocate答案A解析根据句首However表示转折可知,与前面的描述不同,作者不久发现了乞力马扎罗山的美,故选A项。discover“发现”;argue“争论”;decide“决定”;advocate“拥护”。6.A.equipment B.grassC.camps D.stones答案C解析此处指的是自从乞力马扎罗山上营地周围成吨垃圾的报道后,情况发生了许多变化。下文又接着讲述作者在营地和道路上看到了厕所,由此推知,上文中提到的报道指的是以前的营地是坐落在垃圾堆中的,现在干净了许多。camp“营地”;equipment“装备”;grass“草”;stone“石头”。故选C项。7.A.remote B.quietC.tall D.clean答案D解析本句提到作者在营地和道路旁边看到了许多厕所,与在报道中出现的垃圾堆中的营地截然不同,干净卫生。故选D项。8.A.new B.specialC.significant D.necessary答案C解析前文提到了作者担心乞力马扎罗山面临的严峻的环境问题会毁坏它在人们心目中的美的形象。此处指的是面临的环境考验是很重要的(significant)。故选C项。9.A.payingoff B.spreadingoutC.blowingup D.fadingaway答案A解析本句but表示转折关系,虽然环境面临着考验,坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局做出的努力似乎挺奏效。payoff“成功;奏效;达到目的”;spreadout“展开;铺开”;blowup“爆炸”;fadeaway“逐渐消失”。故选A项。10.A.atmosphere B.experienceC.experiment D.sight答案B解析由上文第二段中的“...otherdestinationsaredescribedas‘purer’naturalexperiences.”可知此空填experience。句意:在我看来,攀登乞力马扎罗山的最佳体验并不仅仅在于到达顶峰。11.A.studied B.observedC.explored D.regarded答案D解析由下文可知,乞力马扎罗山的很多山脉被许多文化视为精神家园。beregardedas...“被视为……”。故选D项。12.A.view B.qualityC.reason D.purpose答案A解析本句进一步解释上句内容,为什么乞力马扎罗山的很多山脉被许多文化视为精神家园。随着人们在几千米的空间内穿过五种生态系统,这种“观点”尤其明显。故选A项。13.A.scientists B.climbersC.locals D.officials答案B解析此处指攀登者可以在几千米的空间内穿过五种生态系统。climber“攀登者”;scientist“科学家”;local“当地人,本地人”;official“官员”。故选B项。14.A.holdingonto B.goingbacktoC.livingupto D.givingwayto答案D解析上文讲到山脚处是雨林,它在3000米的地方突然结束。“让位”给矮生植物。givewayto“给……让位”;holdonto“坚持”;gobackto“返回”;liveupto“达到”。故选D项。15.A.changes B.clearsC.improves D.permits答案A解析由上文可知,有五种生态系统,所以再往上气候又有变化。故选A项。16.A.match B.imagineC.count D.add答案C解析由上文可知,低云压山,茂密的草丛覆盖着山腰,本句则为从作者所站之处望去可以数到12种浓淡深浅的绿色。故选C项。17.A.village B.desertC.road D.lake答案B解析此处指的是4000米以上为高原沙漠环境。根据下文的砾石、石头和岩石可知为类沙漠环境的描述。desert“沙漠”;village“村庄”;road“道路”;lake“湖泊”。故选B项。18.A.Obviously B.EasilyC.Consequently D.Finally答案D解析由上文可知,作者已经讲了四种生态系统:rainforest,lowgrowingplants,thickgrass,highlanddesert,还有最后的也是最冷的arctic-likezone(类北极地带),故选D项。19.A.permanent B.littleC.fresh D.artificial答案A解析本句意为“类北极地带上方有永久的积雪和冰川,但它们可能不久后会融化”。permanent“永久的”;little“小的”;fresh“新鲜的”;artificial“人造的”。故选A项。20.A.enjoy B.deserveC.save D.acquire答案B解析文章最后作者发出感慨:一个人满为患,破坏了原有宁静的乞力马扎罗山还能名副其实吗?“我”发现恰恰相反。故选B项。五、语篇填空HouseholdgarbagesortingandrecyclinghavebecomeahottopicinShanghaibecauseofChina’sfirstcompulsorygarbage-separationlaw1everyhouseholdandinstitutionshallclassifywasteintofour2(category).Thosewhofailtosortgarbagemay3(fine)upto200yuan.

Previously,everythingwentintoonebin,sothischangehasmademanypeoplevery4(worry),whosaidtheywerestrugglingtomasterthedetailsquickly.

Nowthankstotheeffortsof5numberofyoungprogrammers,discoveringtheproperclassificationforeachpieceofhouseholdwastehasbecomeassimpleastakingaphoto6callingsomeoneusingyoursmartphone.

Theyhaveappliedspeechandimagerecognitiontechnologies7