(外刊阅读)藻类正以惊人的方式推动创新学案-高三英语二轮复习

外刊1主题语境：自然科学研究成果体裁：说明文阅读建议时长：7min原文出处：NationalGeographic词数：312难度：★★★文章导读：近年来，藻类爆发、引发危害的消息屡现报端，但你知道这些暴涨的藻类有可能转化为解决现代问题的创新方式吗？一起了解一下吧。SurprisingWaysAlgaeIsDrivingInnovation藻类正以惊人的方式推动创新Increasedhumanactivityandclimatechangehavecausedariseof

algaeinwaterbodiesaroundtheworld—sometimeschokingecosystems①ofsunlightandoxygen.Inmoreextremecases,theycanproducedangerouspoisonsthatcansickenorkillpeopleandanimals.Butthisplentyofalgaecouldprovevitalasourpopulationrisesbeyondeightbillionpeopleworldwidebecausealgaeisacropthatdoesn’tneedland,freshwater,orfertilizertofillnutritionalgaps.Andeventhoughtheyaresocloselyassociatedwithhuman’sbadimpactonEarth,algaecouldalsoplaykeyrolesinslowingclimatechangeandhelpingfight

againstpollution,viruses,andmore.Thesearefivewaysalgaearesolvingmodernproblems.Withmicroplastic②pollutiondocumentedinalmostallhabitats

relatedtowater,astudyshowedthatalgaecanhelpfiltermicroplasticsfromwater.Microalgaecanalsofilter

chemicalsthatcanbeusedforfertilizer.Algaecanproducemoreeffectivebiofuel③thantraditionalsources.ResearchersataGermanalgaegrowingfacilityarealreadyusingittofuelplane.Researchersbelievethisandothersustainablefuelscouldreducecarbonreleasefromairplanesbyupto80percent.Animalfeedcontaininga

kind

ofredalgae

reducesharmfulmethanereleasefromcattlebymorethan80percent.Theadditionworksbychangingtheenvironmentinacow’sstomach,stoppingtheproductionofmethanebeforeitcanbereleased.Redalgaecanstopthecopiesofsomeviruses,includingCOVID-19④,accordingtoastudy.Brownalgaehavebeenshowntostimulatethebody’simmunesystemandcould

becomeapowerfulanti-HIV⑤

medicine.In2019,freshwateralgaewerelaunchedintospacetochangetheCO2

breathed

outbyastronautsontheInternationalSpaceStationintooxygen.Sincealgaearealsohighinprotein,theycouldreplaceupto30percentofastronautfoodinthefuture.文化拓展①ecosystem：eco+system=ecosystem

/‘iːkəʊsɪstəm/

n.生态系统

eco-

/‘iːkəʊ/

pref.表示“环境”；“生态”；“生态学的”

eco

+agriculture

=ecoagriculturen.生态农业eco

+tourism

=ecotourism

n.

生态旅游②microplastic：

n.塑料微粒

micro-

/ˈmaɪkrəʊ/pref.表示“微小的；规模小的；微；百万分之一”

micro+wave

=microwaven.微波

micro

+algae

=microalgaen.微藻类③biofuel：bio+fuel=

biofuel

/‘baɪəʊfju:əl/n.生物燃料

bio-

/ˈbaɪəʊ/表示

“生物的；人生的”

bio+techology=biotechologyn.生物技术

bio+engineering=bioengineeringn.

生物工程④COVID-19：新型冠状病毒肺炎（CoronaVirusDisease2019，COVID-19），简称“新冠肺炎”，世界卫生组织命名为“2019冠状病毒病”，是指2019新型冠状病毒感染导致的肺炎。⑤anti-HIV：anti+HIV=

anti-HIV

adj.抗艾滋病病毒的

anti-

/'ænti/

pref.表示“抵抗；反对；排斥”

HIV=

abbr.HumanImmunodeficiencyVirus艾滋病病毒

anti+

cancer=

anticancer

adj.抗癌的anti

+

terrorism

=

anti-terrorism

/ˈæntiˈterərɪzəm/

n.反恐词汇积累核心词汇释义choke

/tʃəʊk/v.

窒息；阻塞；说不出话n.窒息；阻塞choking

adj.

令人窒息的，透不过气的choked

adj.

堵塞的；生气的，恼怒的sicken

/‘sɪkən/v.（使）患病，生病；使厌恶

sick

adj.有病的；恶心的；厌烦的sickness

n.疾病；呕吐nutritional

/nju’trɪʃənl/adj.营养的；滋养的nutrition

n.营养nutritious

adj.有营养的；滋养的nutrient

adj.营养的；滋养的n.营养物；营养品habitat

/‘hæbɪtæt/n.栖息地；产地habitation

n.

居住；住所source

/sɔːs/n.

来源；出处；根源sustainable

/sə‘steɪnəbl/adj.

可持续的；不破坏生态平衡的sustain

v.支持；维持；支撑sustained

adj.持久的；经久不衰的sustainability

n.

持续性，可维持性protein

/‘prəʊtiːn/n.蛋白质adj.蛋白质的upto多达；该由……决定；胜任；直到拓展词汇释义algae

/'ældʒiː/n.水藻；海藻（名词alga

/'ælɡə/的复数形式）fertilizer

/‘fɜːtəlaɪzə/n.肥料filter/ˈfɪltə(r)/v.

过滤methane

/‘miːθeɪn/n.

甲烷；沼气immune

/ɪˈmjuːn/adj.

免疫的金句赏析1.But

thisplentyofalgaecouldprovevitalasourpopulationrisesbeyondeightbillionpeopleworldwidebecausealgaeisacropthatdoesn’tneedland,freshwater,orfertilizertofillnutritionalgaps.【句意】但随着全球人口超过80亿，大量的藻类可能会被证明是至关重要的，因为藻类是一种不需要土地、淡水或肥料来填补营养缺口的作物。【句式剖析】句子主干：Butthisplentyofalgaecouldprovevital...①asourpopulationrisesbeyondeightbillionpeopleworldwide是as引导的时间状语从句；②becausealgaeisacrop...tofillnutritionalgaps是because引导的原因状语从句；③thatdoesn’tneedland...tofillnutritionalgaps是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词crop；④tofillnutritionalgaps是不定式短语作目的状语。2.Withmicroplasticpollutiondocumentedinalmostallhabitatsrelatedtowater,astudyshowedthatalgaecanhelpfiltermicroplasticsfromwater.【句意】几乎所有与水有关的栖息地都存在微塑料污染，一项研究表明，藻类可以帮助过滤水中的微塑料。【句式剖析】句子主干：...astudyshowedthat...①Withmicroplasticpollutiondocumented...relatedtowater是with的复合结构，其中documentedinalmostallhabitatsrelatedtowater是过去分词短语作宾补，relatedtowater是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰habitats；②thatalgaecanhelpfilter

microplasticsfromwater是that引导的宾语从句，作showed的宾语。配套练习一、单句语法填空679dc5ca-3b12-424a-b14d-64c81140e48c(1)

He________

(choke)himselfwhenheatehisfoodtooquickly.(2)

It’safactthatsometimestheviruscan________

(sick)humans.(3)

Tohelpyourmusclesrecoverandrepairthemselvesafterexercise,youneedtoeatfoodrichinp________.(4)

Theairconditionercanheataroomup________250squarefeetandmakeitwarmerinafewminutes.(5)

Ifyouwanttokeepfit,youmusthaveabalanceddiet,whichcankeepthebalanceofthe________

(营养).(6)

________

(sustain)developmentisalong-termplanwhichfocusesontheenvironmentandprotectingnaturalresources.(7)

Aslargergroupsofpeoplebeganlivingtogetherintownsandcities,thesepopulationsneededreliable________

(source)ofcleanwater.(8)

Seagrass________

(habitat)arealsoimportantformanyfish,providingfoodforanimals,absorbing,andfilteringharmfulpollutionandbacteriafromthewater.二、句子翻译16836854-8dfa-47cc-ba83-a0279ed60e04(1)

立即采取行动保护这种野生动物免于灭绝是我们的责任。（动词不定式作目的状语；dieout）

_________________________________________________________________________(2)

随着高三的临近，我感到非常困惑，因为我不知道如何迎接它。（with的复合结构）

_________________________________________________________________________三、其他01516fc2-7f81-4e33-9ef9-db75563ac374(1)

Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.Theriseofalgaehascausedclimatechange.B.Thealgaemaysometimeschokehumans.C.Humanactivitycanmakealgaemorepoisonous.D.Algaecanbeadouble-edgedswordforhumanbeings.(2)

Whydoalgaehaveapositiveimpactonpollution?A.Becausetheycanabsorbpollutantsintheair.B.Becausetheycanremovemicroplasticsinthewater.C.Becausetheycanfiltermostpoisonouschemicals.D.Becausetheycanhelpmakethepollutedwatercleaner.(3)

Whatcanweinferfromparagraphs4and5?A.Algaecanbeusedasbiofuel.B.Algaecanslowglobalwarming.C.Algaecanremovegreenhousegas.D.Algaecanreplaceanimals’food.(4)

Howdoalgaebenefithuman’shealth?A.Byhelpingfightagainstdiseases.B.Byincreasinghuman’sstrength.C.Byproducingmoreoxygenthanotherplants.D.Byprovidingmorenutritionthantraditionalfood.参考答案

外刊1配套练习一、单句语法填空【答案】1.choked

2.sicken

3.protein

4.to

5.nutrition

6.sustainable

7.sources

8.habitats