2018届奉贤区高考高三英语一模试卷和答案

2017学年奉贤区调研测试英语试卷I.ListeningComprehensionSectionAA.passthejournal.A.passthejournal.C.repeathisrequest.A.exciting.C.interesting.A.tomakeabudgetforher.C.togivehermotherinformationaboutMary.A.hewantstofinishhisstudy.C.hewantstofinishhisstudy.A.interviewerandinterviewee.C.doctorandnurse.A.9:00. B.9:10.teacherandstudent.D.bossandsecretary.9:30. D.9:35.B.listentothewoman.takethejournalhimself.B.disappointing.D.satisfactory.B.tobuyagiftforMary.D.togivesomesuggestions.B.hewantstoearnalotofmoney.D.hewantstohaveagoodrest.A.Thewomanshouldnotgetinvolvedinthesituation.Thewomanshouldnotbeangrywiththefriends.hewillexplaintothewomanwhathappened.thevacationplan.D.possibleheavytraffic.thevacationplan.D.possibleheavytraffic.hostile. D.reluctantA.goodweathertomorrow.C.gettingupearlyinthemorning.A.interested. B.fascinated.A.intelligencedeterminesadmissiontocollege.highlymotivatedstudentsusuallydowellincollege.successfulcollegestudentsareusuallyintelligent.asuccessfulcollegemotivatesitsstudents.SectionBQuestions11through13arebasedonthefollowingnews.A.twoterms. B.threeterms. C.fourterms. D.fiveterms.A.becausehehadbeenapoliceman.becauseheearnedalawdegreeinanightschool.becausetheyhadformedagoodopinionofhim.becausetherewasalargepopulationofblackpeopleinLosAngeles.A.theywantpeopleinLosAngelesvoted.anintroductionaboutThomasBradley,majorofLosAngeles.thereasonswhywhitecandidatesfailedinthevote.somethingThomasBradleydidforthevote.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.hehasmorethanfourteenpillsaday. B.hehastwopillsaday.C.hehasfourtimesaday. D.hehasninepillsaday.

B.threekindsofmedicine.D.almostnone.B.threekindsofmedicine.D.almostnone.B.olderpeoplewithafever.D.adultswithacold.C.twokindsofmedicine.A.childrenovertwelveyearsold.C.oldpeoplewithheartattack.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.A.shehasmadeanattempttobecomepregnant.shehasrequestedhersupervisortotransferhertoanotherdepartment.shehasboughtthenewequipmentforthelaboratory.shehascomplainedtothegovernmentabouttheissue.A.becausethenewequipmentisnotavailablenow.becausethepatienthasmadetoomanycomplains.becausethehospitalwantstotightenitsbudget.becausethenewequipmentcarriesahealthrisk.B.adoctorworkinginthehospital.D.headofhospitaladministration.B.adoctorworkinginthehospital.D.headofhospitaladministration.B.shestillfeelsatalossaswhattodo.D.shewillfighttogetherincomeback.C.ateacherworkingintheschool.A.shewillbelikelytoquitherjob.C.shewillcomplaintotheadministration.II.GrammarandVocabularyDifferentbackgroundshouldn,tmeanlesseducation.Fiftyyearsago,inaprimaryschoolclassroom,twoboysaged11tookanexaminationcalledthe11-plus,(21) wouldmakedecisionsabouttherestoftheirlives.Paulpassedandwenttoa“grammarschool”.Bazfailedtheexaminationandwenttoa“secondarymodernschool”.Theydidnotseeeachotheragainforyears.Manygrammarschools(22)(establish)hundredsofyearsagototeachtheLatinlanguagetochildrenwhowerenotfromrichfamilies.Theyencouragedstudentstostudy(23)theywere18andthentogotouniversity.Secondarymodernschoolstudentsleftat16,usuallywithfewerqualificationsthangrammarschoolstudents.Bazsaysthesecondarymodernschoolhad(24)(few)resourcesandthequalityofteachingwasnotasgood.Thingshavechanged.Inthe1960sandthe1970s“comprehensiveschools”werecreated.Today,90percentchildrenaged11to16fromthesameareatothesameschoolwithout(25)(take)anyentryexamination.TheBritishoftendisagreesaboutthebestway(26)(educate)theirchildren.Manypeoplesaythatcomprehensiveschoolshelpmorechildrentosucceedbecausetheyprovideeverybody(27)similaropportunitiesinafairerway.Anotherview,though,isthatmoreintelligentchildren,especially(28) frompoorhomesarebettersupportedatgrammarschools.Now,thegovernmentplanstoopennewgrammarschools(29)almosttwomillionchildrenwillgotothesametypeofschoolthatPaulattended.AndPaulandBaz?Aged60,theymetagainandcompared(30)hadhappenedtothem.Afteruniversity,Paulqualifiedasateacher.Bazwenttoworkinafactoryat16andlaterbecameanengineer.Infact,BazhadamuchhighersalarythanPaul-soperhapslifeisfairafterall.A.impressiveB.movementsC.eventuallyD.extremeE.comparisonF.reverseG.unlovedH.partnershipI.absolutelyJ.maskK.appliedThere,snothingmoreannoyingthansettlingdowntosleepandhearingthesoundofamosquitobuzzingaroundyou.Theonlythoughtmostofusevergivetothisnoiseis“Ineedtogetridofthisinsect,immediately”,butitturnsoutthatthemosquitoisactuallyquitea（n131_creature.AtermofscientistsfromOxfordUniversityintheUK,in32withtheRoyalVeterinaryCollegeinLondonandChibaUniversityinJapan,recentlypublishedastudythatfoundsomeinterestingfactsabouttheworld,smost33_insect.Byplacingeightcamerasinsideatinyfilmstudio,thescientistscouldstudyseveralmosquitoesupclose.Thehigh-techcamerasfilmedtheinsectsat1,000framespersecond,meaningthescientistswereabletostudytheinsects,_34_innever-before-seendetail.However,itwasn,talwaysstraightforward.“Recordingmosquitoesduringfree-flightrepresentedahugetechnicalchallengeduetotheirsmallsize,_35wingbeatfrequency,andthepresenceoflargeantennaeandlegsthatcan36_theviewoftheirwings,”SimonWalkerofOxfordUniversity,co-authorofthestudy,wrote.PublishedinthejournalNature,thestudyfoundthatmosquitoesflaptheirwingsaround800timesasecond.Asa37」housefliesflaptheirwingsabout200timesasecond,andhummingbirds50timesasecond.RichardBomphreyoftheRoyalVeterinaryCollege,thestudy,sleader,believesthatmosquitoeshaveauniqueflyingmethodthatsetsthemapartfromotherflyinginsects.“Wepredictedthattheymustmakeuseofclevertricks,asthewings_38theirdirectionattheendofeachhalf-stroke,”hewroteinthestudy.Hopefully,thediscoveryofthemosquito'sspecialabilitieswillbeofbenefittoengineersinthefuture.Thefindingscouldleadtobetteraircraft,orevenimprovementtotoolslikelensesorpumps.Butthescientistshopetheirstudycanonedaybe_39_tonewdevelopmentsinmorehuman-focuseduse.“Themoreweknowaboutmosquitoes,thebetterourchanceofunderstandingtheirflightbehavior,howtheycarrydiseaseand40_howtostopthemfromdoingso,”Walkerwrote.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionAArtistshavelongclaimedalcoholandotherdrugsasinspirationfortheircreativity.Butistherereallya（n）_41_betweenintoxication（醉酒）andinspiration?ArecentstudypublishedinConsciousnessandCognitionexploredtheeffectsofmoderatedrunkennessonpeople,screativity.Theauthorssuggestthatalcohol,swell-knowneffectin_42executivefunctionmaybehelpfulforthesetypesofcreationproblems:“Sometimesareducedabilityto__43_one,sattentioncanhavepositiveimplicationsforselectcognitivetasks,”theywrite.Thefindingsraisethequestionofwhetherdrugsthat44attentionandfocus,inparticular,stimulants（兴奋剂），wouldhavetheoppositeeffectoncreativethinking_45_,verylittleresearchhasbeendoneontheissue,andwhatresultsexistsofarhavebeenmixed.Theoutcomesmaywellvaryaccordingtoindividual46_tothedrugs._47_,someresearchhasfoundthatwhilestimulantscan―48_testperformanceforthosewhoarelessintelligent,forthesmartestfolks,thedrugscanhavetheoppositeeffect.Iflessexecutivefunctionislinkedtomorecreativity,thismayalsoexplainwhyartists,writersandmusiciansappeartobemore_49—tohaveanaddiction.Perhapscreativepeoplearemorelikelythanotherstobe_50_todrugsinthefirstplace,asapossiblesourceofinspiration.Andthen,ifreducedexecutivefunctionis_51inpartfortheirinitialtalent,this,too,couldmakethemmoreeasilyinfluencedby_52oncetheystartusing.Havinglessexecutivecontrolbeforeyoueventakedrugsmeansyou,llhavelessabilitytostoponceyoustart.第3页/共9页Whatevertherealrelationshipbetweendrunkenness,addictionandart,theauthors_53_thattheirstudyfindingsdon,tgivepeople_54_togetdrunkto“inspirethemuse（冥想）.”Co-authorJenniferWiley,associateprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofIllinoisatChicago,toldtheBritishPsychologicalSociety,sResearchDigest:“Wetestedwhathappenswhenpeopleareslightlydrunk-notwhenpeopledrankto_55-Therecouldbenoargumentfromthesefindingsthatdrinkingexcessivelywouldhavethesameeffects.”Aglassofwineortwo,however,mayoccasionallyhelp.41.A.attractionB.reservationC.connectionD.decoration42.A.strengtheningB.damagingC.maintainingD.assessing43.A.blockB.reduceC.disturbD.control44.A.remainB.dropC.shiftD.increase45.A.HoweverB.MoreoverC.InsteadD.Therefore46.A.additionsB.responsesC.oppositionsD.contrasts47.A.ForexampleB.OnthecontraryC.AsaresultD.Ontheotherhand48.A.concealB.executiveC.improveD.delete49.A.vitalB.likelyC.idealD.difficult50.A.attractedB.contributedC.respondedD.withdrawn51.A.responsibleB.illegalC.naturalD.impossible52.A.confusionB.ambitionC.addictionD.exhaustion53.A.lowerB.monitorC.functionD.caution54.A.sacrificeB.privacyC.appreciationD.license55.A.prioritiesB.extremesC.bottomD.AffectionSectionB（A）Iwasstandinginthecheckoutlinebehindawomanwholookedtobeinher60s.Whenitwasherturntopay,thecashiergreetedherbynameandaskedherhowshewasdoing.Thewomanlookeddown,shookherheadandsaid:“Notsogood.Myhusbandjustlosthisjobandmysonisuptohisoldtricksagain.Thetruthis,Idon,tknowhowI,mgoingtogetthroughtheholidays.”Thenshegavethecashierfoodstamps（食品券）.Myheartached.Iwantedtohelpbutdidn,tknowhow.ShouldIoffertopayforhergroceries,askforherhusband'sresume?AsIwalkedintotheparkinglot,Ispottedthewomenreturninghershoppingcart.IrememberedsomethinginmypursethatIthoughtcouldhelpher.Itwasn,tahandfulofcashoranofferofajobforherhusband,butmaybeitwouldmakeherlifebetter.MyheartpoundedasIapproachedthewoman.“Excuseme,"Isaid,myvoicetremblingabit.“Icouldn,thelpoverhearingwhatyousaidtothecashier.Itsoundslikeyou,regoingthroughareallyhardtimerightnow.I,msosorry.I,dliketogiveyousomething.”Ihandedherthesmallcardfrommypurse.Whenthewomanreadthecard,sonlytwowords,shebegantocry.Andthroughhertears,shesaid,“Youhavenoideahowmuchthismeanstome.”Iwasalittlestartledbyherreply.Havingneveranythinglikethisbefore,Ididn,tknowwhatkindofreactionImightreceive.AllIcouldthinktosaywas,“Oh.WoulditbeOKtogiveyouahug?”Afterweembraced,Iwalkedbacktomycar--andbegantocry,too.Thewordsonthecard?“YouMatter.”Afewweeksearlier,acolleaguegavemeasimilarcardasencouragementforaprojectIwasworkingon.WhenIreadthecard,Ifeltawarmglowspreadinsideofme.Deeplytouched,IcamehomeandorderedmyownboxofYouMattercardandstartedsharingthem.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothefirstthreeparagraphs?Thewoman,sfamilymainlydependsonherson.Thecashierhelpedthewomanbygivinghersomefoodforfree.Thewomanandherfamilywerehavingatoughlime.Theauthorwonderedwhythecashierwasfamiliarwiththewoman.Thewomancriedwhenshegotthecard,probablybecause .A.itgreatlyencouragedher B.shecoulduseittobuyfoodC.itcouldsolveherpresentproblem D.itcouldlandherhusbandajobTheunderlinedword“startled”inParagraph10probablymeans .A.interested B.grateful C.ashamed D.astonishedFromthearticle,wecantellthattheauthorisa person.A.smart B.kind-hearted C.knowledgeable D.confident(B)SeekOutaUniqueBeachVISITOregon.ForsunandfunawayfromthecrowedbeachesofFlorida,checkouttheOregoncoastandits363milesofgorgeousshoreline,stretchingfromtheColumbiaRiversouthtotheredwoodforestsofCalifornia.Everybeachispublicandfree.“ThecoastisaperfectplacetowatchsealionssunthemselvesorsimplyseethemightyPacificweavescrashinthesunsetfollowedbyaseafoodfeastinoneofthebusyfishingcommunitieslocatedbetweenthecoves(小海湾)，”saysBramblett.JulyandAugustaren,tpeakgraywhalemigrationseason,butthere,sstillagoodchanceyoucouldcatchaglimpseofsomeofthe200whalesthatspendthesummersofftheOregoncoast.SLEEPNexttoalighthouse.ImagineyourselfanancientmarinerwhenyoubookaroomoverlookingthePacificOceanattheHecetaHeadLighthouseBedandBreakfastinYachats,Oregon.Theworkinglighthouse,whichdatedto1894,castabrightbeam21milesouttosea,makingitthebrightestlightontheOregoncoast.Thecliff-toproomsattheLightKeeper,shomenearbyaren,tcheap-you,llselloutupto$385foraweekendnightduringpeakseason(priceincludesaseven-coursebreakfast).BEWAREDangerouscurrentsUnlessyoulovecoldwater(orwearawetsuit),youmaynotwaittoventureintotheseaofftheOregoncoast,evenduringthesummer.Butifyoudo,bepreparedfortheU.S.LifesavingAssociation.Swimparalleltothebeachuntilyou'renolongerbeingpulledouttosea,thenswimdiagonally(成对角线地)towardtheshore.BRINGBabypowder.Useagenerousamountofbabypowdertoremovesandromyourhands,feetorhair.Thepowderquicklyabsorbsmoisture,allowingsandtofalloffeasily.ItcanbeinferredromthesectionSLEEPthat .thepriceofonenightstayremainsthesamealltheyeararoundthosewhostaytherecanhaveafreeaccesstothebeachandthelighthousethosewhowanttostaytherehavetopaymoreduringatouristseason第5页/共9页thepriceincludesthebreakfastforsevenpeopleWhatissuggestedbytheleafletifyouwanttoenjoyyourstayatthebeach?Avoidwearingwetsuits.Neverdiveintothecoldwateroffthecoast.Bringbabypowdertoprotectyourskinfromsandscratches.Don,tswimstraighttowardtheshorewhenthere,redangerouscurrents.OregoncoastwillprovideyouwithallthefollowingexperiencesEXCEPT.aperfectviewofsealionsamarinerlikestayinthemorethan100-year-oldlighthouseaseafoodfeastinthepopularlocalcommunitysunandfunofthelesscrowedbeach.(C)Withthecomingofbigdataage,datascienceissupposedtobestarvedfor,ofwhichtheadaptioncanpointaprofoundchangeincorporatecompetitiveness.Companies,bothborninthedigitaleraandtraditionalworldareshowingofftheirskillsindatascience.Therefore,itseemstohavebeencreatingagreatdemandfortheexpertsofthistype.Mr.CarlosGuestrin,machinelearningprofessorfromUniversityofWashingtonarguesthatallsoftwareapplicationswillneedinbuiltintelligencewithinfiveyears,makingdatascientists-peopletrainedtoanalyzelargebodiesofinformation-keyworkersinthisemerging“cognitive”technologyeconomy.Therearealreadycriticalapplicationsthatdependonmachinelearning,asubfieldofdatascience,ledbyrecommendationprograms,frauddetectionsystems,forecastingtoolsandapplicationsforpredictingcustomerbehavior.Manycompaniesthatareborndigital-particularlyinternetcompaniesthathaveagreatnumberofreal-timecustomerinteractionstohandle-areall-inwhenitcomestodatascience.Pinterest,forinstance,maintainsmorethan100machinelearningmodelsthatcouldbeappliedtodifferentclassesofproblems,anditconstantlyfieldsrequestsfrommanagerseagertousethisresourcetodealwiththeirbusinessproblem.Thefactorsweighingonmanytraditionalcompanieswillbethehighcostofmountingaseriousmachine-learningoperation.Netflixisestimatedtospend$150mayearonasingleapplicationandthetotalbillisprobablyfourtimesthatonceallitsusesofthetechnologyaretakenintoaccount.Anotherproblemformanynon-technologycompaniesistalent.OfthecomputerscienceexpertswhouseKaggle,onlyabout1,000havedeeplearningskills,comparedto100,000whocanapplyothermachinelearningtechniques,saysMr.Goldbloom.Headdsthatevensomebigcompaniesofthistypeareoftenreluctanttoexpandtheirpayscalestohirethetoptalentinthisfield.Thebiggestbarriertoadaptingtothecomingeraof“smart”applications,however,islikelytobecultural.Somecompanies,suchasGeneralElectric,havebeenbuildingtheirownSiliconValleypresencetoattractanddevelopthedigitalskillstheywillneed.Despitetheobstacles,somemaymasterthisdifficulttransition.Butcompaniesthatwerebuilt,fromthebeginning,withdatascienceattheircenter,arelikelytorepresentseriouscompetition.Whichoneisobstacleformanytraditionalcompaniestopopularizelearningoperation?A.Technologicalproblem. B.Expertcrisis.C.Highcost. D.Customerinteractions.Whatcannotbeinferredfromthepassageaboutthemachinelearning?MachinelearningoperationsarecostlyinNetflix.Machinelearningplaysanimportantroleinexistentapplications.Machinelearningexpertsarenothighlypaidinsomenon-technologycompanies.MachinelearningmodelsarenotsufficienttosolvebusinessproblemsinPinterest.65.What,stheauthor,smainpurposeinwritingthisarticle?Topointouttheproblemsfacingmachinelearningexperts.Tocalloncompaniestocultivatemoreexpertsindatascience.Totellthereadersthepresentsituationofdatascience.Toadvicenon-technologycompaniestolookbeyondtheadvantagestheyface.66.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?Datascience:AforefrontforceintechbusinessCorporatecompetition:AnobstacletothetransitionMachinelearning:AkeytosmarttechnologyTechniqueexperts:Adecisivefactorofthecomingera.SectionCTherefor,itwouldbeadvisabletoremainthoughtfulofhowyouconductyourselfanddealwithothersaroundyou.Stateoutrightthatyouanttogetalong.Inotherwords,donotallowyourselftotakeoutyournegativeemotionsonothersaroundyou.D.Gettingalongwithsomeone,regardlessoftheirpassions,isn,taboutbeingtheirbestfriendorsharingalltheirhobbies.Youcanonlychangehowyouinteractwithpeople,youcannotchangethem.Soitisbettertolistentowhattheconversationisaboutbeforespeaking.Therearealotofdifferentpeopleintheworld,butdespiteourdifferencesweallwanttogetalong.Humansaresocialbeings,andweenjoybeingtreatednicely.-67_Itisabouttreatingpeoplewithrespectandcare.Beagoodlistener.Tostartaconversation,itisimportanttolistenfirst,especiallywhenyouareinagroup.Don,tindulge（放纵）yourselfininstantchantwhenyouhavejustarrived.Examinethesituationandtheconversation,andthensaywhateveryouthinkfit.Itisbettertosaysomethingvaluable,ratherthansomethingmeaningless._68Don,ttrytochangepeople.Itisnotyourjobtochangeanyoneelse.Itisnotinyourpowertochangeanyoneelse.Letotherpeoplelivehowtheywanttolive.69_Ifyoudonotlikehowsomeoneacts,youcanarrangethingssothatyouinteractwiththemaslittleaspossible.Youcanalwaysmaintainagoodattitudetowardsthemsothatyourrelationshipwiththemmightbechange.Keepasmile.Alittlelaughtergoesalongway,andasmileeasestensions,whereafrowncancreatetensions.Ifsomeoneteasesyou,trytolaughatitoff.Ifsomeoneisfrowning,smileatthem.Bemindfulofyourfacialexpression.Ifyouarepersistentlyandoptimistic,peoplewillcheerupwhentheyareseeyoucoming.―70_Somepeopledonottakehints.Somepeopledonotreadbodylanguage.Forthesepeople,itreallyworkstojustsay,“Ireallywantustoworkwelltogether.Iwillhelpyouandbackyouup,andyouhelpmeandbackmeup.”IV.SummaryWritingAFather'sInfluenceMakesforBetterGradesAdolescentsfromlow-incomefamiliesinparticulararemorelikelythantheirmiddle-classpeerstounderachieveandtodropoutofschool.Studieshaveshownthatapositiveattitudetowardsschoolworkandthesupportandencouragementfromtheirparentscanhelpat-riskyoungsterstoovercomethe第7页/共9页

economicbarriersandlackofresourcestheyface.Mostoftheevidenceabouttheeffectsofparentalinvolvementcomesfromresearchonmothers.Littleisknown,however,abouthowadolescentsexperiencetheirfathers,warmthandthebeliefsandbehaviorsthataremostaffectedbyit.Thisnewstudyispartofalargeronefocusingonlow-incomefamiliesconductedinfourmiddleschoolsinthesouthwesternUnitedStates.Datawereanalyzedfromquestionnairescompletedby183sixth-gradersabouthowoptimisticandmotivatedtheywereabouttheirschoolwork,andhowtheyexperiencedtheirfathers.ThequestionnaireswerecompletedprimarilybyrespondentsofMexicanAmerican,AfricanAmericanandEuropeanAmericandescent.Theirmathsandlanguageartsgradeswerealsoobtained.Theirfindingsshowhowfatherscansupporttheirteenagersinwa