课件配种舍和妊娠母猪饲喂

配种舍和妊Feedingsowsintheservice&gestation卡美农业咨 您的国际外1内FeedingizingfeedCorrectfeed2内FeedingizingfeedCorrectfeed3FeedingFeeding断奶母猪的饲喂是为了保证其迅速、强烈。Feedingweansowsistoensurethatthesowscomeinfastandpowerfulestrus.速。Adlibfeedingafterweaningmeansthatproductionquicklystopssothattheestrusoccurrenceisaccelerated.4FeedingFeeding Everysuckledteatsendsahormonalsignaltobraintoreleaselowlevelsofcycle-inhibiting Whenthesowsareweaned,thisinhibitionremovedandthebrainreleaseshormonethattrigger5Feeding Intheweanperiod,thesowsshouldthereforegetaveragerationof3.7kgfeedperJustafterweaning,thesowsdailyfeedintakeis5.6kgfeedperday,buttheamountdecreasesthecloseritcomestoestrus.6FeedingFeeding Feedingstrategyaffectsestrusandlitter Ahighenergyabsorptioninlatelactationandjustafterweaningisessentialforoptimalovulationandlittersize.Feeddietfromthefarrowingunitis tobeusedintheservice7FeedingSufficientwaterintakeisrequiredforahighfeedFishmealandotheradditivesarenotThesow’sappetitedecreaseswheninestrusandhence8FeedingFeedingErrorsinthefeed Ifthesowsstopseatingduringlactation,itwillhaveanegativeimpactonthenumberofeggsovulated.9FeedingFeedingStarvingsowsonthedayofweaningreducesthelittersizeandincreasestheweantoestrusintervalBeawarethatallsowsgetclosetoasmuchfeedastheywanteveryday.FeedingFeeding日日均采食量变化与经产母猪（二胎或以上）性能的ADFIVariationsonmultiparoussows日均采食量范数总产仔断奶间平均体重变RANGEOFNWT<4.5-4.5--4.7--5.0--5.2----基于400多头母猪做出的评Evaluationofover400FeedingFeedingExampleoffeedingthesowsintheserviceKgfeedper每天饲喂量987654321DayDayDayDayDayDayDayKgfeedper每天饲喂量433FeedingFeeding断奶到 期间的饲喂对分娩率的影响PICWeantoestrusfeedingonfarrowingratePICFARROWINGRATE,

2.7 3.7Almeidaetal.

玉米豆粕型日粮，添加2%的脂肪，1.3%标准回肠可消化氨基Corn-SBMbaseddiets,2%addedfat,1.30%SID,Feeding,Feedingsows,Thinsows,feedadIdeal/Fatsows,3.6FeedingFeedingNomatterwhatgeneticsthereareonthefarm,starvethesowatIfsowisstarveditwillhavenegativeimpactonFeedingFeeding Theobjectiveofthegiltandsowfeedingduringgestationistohelpthegreatestpercentageofasowherdmaintainadesirablebodyconditionthroughouttheirproductionlife.FeedingFeeding妊娠 应该保证母猪分娩时体况良好，保证喂Feedingduringgestationshouldensurethatsowshasadequatebodyconditionatfarrowing,andtoguaranteeanadequateration,withoutthereproducingresultsarenegativelyaffected.FeedingFeedingPregnantNutritionalprogramBodyParityGeneticFeedingFeeding营养需求Nutritional妊娠期Gestation前期（妊娠期前21天Initialperiod(first21daysof主要事项：胚胎存活Mainevent:embryonic妊娠期间胚胎的存活和损失EmbryonicSurvivalandLossesduringgestation 0数Oocytes

数Oocytes

Embryosat25daysof

Fetusat100daysof

Totalborn

LivebornFeeding%配种后天Days FeedingFeeding妊娠期Gestation前期（妊娠期前21天Initialperiod(first21daysofEmbryonicsurvivalinfluencedConsumptionofhighlevelsofMorethan9000KcalME/animal/FeedingFeedingNutritional妊娠期Gestation前期（妊娠期前21天）Initialperiod(first21daysof–Embryonicsurvivalinfluenced»ConsumptionoflowlevelsofLessthan5500Kcal/animal/KeepsowinFeedingFeeding营养需求Nutritional中期（妊娠期22-75天Intermediateperiod(first22-75daysof主要事项Main Definition tyofmusclefibersineach»母猪体况恢RecoveryofsowsbodyFeedingFeeding营养需求Nutritional妊娠期Gestation中期（妊娠期22-75天Intermediateperiod(first22-75daysof4Feeding营养需求Nutritional妊娠期Gestation后期（妊娠期75天到分娩Finalperiod(75daysofgestationto乳腺准备Preparationof ryFeedingFeeding营养需求Nutritional妊娠期Gestation后期（妊娠期75天到分娩Finalperiod(75daysofgestationto仔猪体重增加IncreasepigletsFeedingFeeding胎起Effectoffeedmanagementtoreducepigletswithlowweightatbirth(sowsfrom3rdparity)总产总产数分布DistributionofTotalBorn 9Source:Integrall,FeedingFeeding胎起妊娠料，公斤/KGGESTATIONEffectoffeedmanagementto妊娠料，公斤/KGGESTATION妊娠妊娠后期采食量FeedConsumptionduringfinalperiodofgestation33Source:Integrall,FeedingFeeding胎起Effectoffeedmanagementtoreducepigletswithlowweightatbirth(sowsfrom3rdparity)不同出不同出生重范围的活产数分布-原饲喂管理方法Livebornaccordingweightatbirth–oldfeedmanagement1.2~1.49Source:Integrall,FeedingFeeding胎起Effectoffeedmanagementtoreducepigletswithlowweightatbirth(sowsfrom3rdparity)不同不同出生重范围的活产数分布-原饲喂管理方法Livebornaccordingweightatbirth–newfeedmanagement降低了48.5%Source:Machado,FeedingFeeding Thesowshaveanaturalgrowthof15kgonaverageineachgestationinthefirst4-5parities.Thenthesowisfullygrown.Anyweightlossinthepreviouslactationmustbegainedin母猪的直接环境-温度、湿度和水分，对母猪 Sow‘simmediateenvironment-temperature,humidity,andmoisture-isimportantforsow’sheatproductionandthusalsoofhowmuchfeedistobeawardedandhowmuchthesowiswillingtoeat.FeedingFeedingASowneeds3.1kgextrafeedtoobtainonekgweightgain.Thisshouldbetakenaccountwhen nningthefeedFeedingFeeding案例体重减少 3.1kg饲料/每千克体重减少，3元/kg饲Weightloss20kg,3.1kgfeed/kgweightloss,RMB3/kg20kg*3.1kg*RMB3=RMB186perlittertorecoverweightFeedingFeeding Inwarmandhumidclimatesitisdifficulttogetthesowtoenoughthereforeitwillbeevenmoredifficulttogetthesowstoeatevenmore.FeedingFeedingFeedingduringpregnancytoensurethe ntationgrowthofthefetus,growthofthesow(feedingaccordingtocondition)andthebirthofstrongpigs.FeedingFeedingFeedingduringgestationcanbedividedintotwoBodyconditionPeriod:Fromservicetoweek16ofPreparationPeriod:Thelast2-3daysbeforeFeeding体况调整Bodycondition ThefeedamountthefirstfourweeksafterservicedoesnotaffectsowreproductiveperformanceThefeedamountcanbeincreasedto3.65kgperdayintheim ntationperiodwithoutnegativeeffectonreproductive FeedingBut1.0kgoffeedperdayisnotenoughtoachievesatisfactoryreproductionresults. ThefetuseshavethegreatestgrowthinthelatterpartofFeedingFeeding Feedamountsshouldthereforegenerallybeincreasedslightlytomeetthefetusesneeds(0.2kgperdayforthelast14daysbefore Normallyitispracticedtobumpfeedonceandthefullamountbetweenday80-90.ThesowsshouldbefedaccordingtoconditionasreproductionresultsorlitterbirthweightarenotnegativelyaffectedFeedingFeeding准备期Thefeedamountthelastdaysbeforefarrowingcanincreasetheof分娩前的持续大量饲喂，会使母猪炎的发生率增加，一项研究表明，分娩前大量饲喂的母猪的炎发生率比分娩前每Unchangedhighfeedamountallthewaytofarrowingincreasesoccurrenceofmetritis.Inastudymetritiswasalmostdoubledcomparedtosowsfed2.4kgthelastdaysbeforefarrowing.FeedingFeedingConsumptionMEaccordinggestationperiodanddifferentgeneticlines(Kcal/animal/day)托佩托佩克后备母猪PIC后背母猪丹育后备母猪托佩克Gilts Gilts Gilts SowsPIC母 丹育后备母Sows Sows1st FeedingFeedingConsumptionDigestibleLysaccordinggestationperiodanddifferentgeneticlines(grs./animal/day)托佩托佩克后备母GiltsPIC后背母猪丹育后备母GiltsGilts托佩克母SowsPIC母 丹育后备母Sows Sows64201st 3rdweek4thweek5thweek6thweek7thweek8thweek9th FeedingFeedingFeedconsumptionaccordinggestationperiodanddifferentgeneticlines(Kg/animal/day)妊娠料（3200千卡/公斤，赖氨酸Gestationfeed(3200kcal/kg,Lys托佩托佩克后备母GiltsPIC后背母猪丹育后备母GiltsGilts托佩克母SowsPIC母 丹育后备母Sows Sows3211st 4thweek5thweek6thweek7thweek8thweek9thweek FeedingFeeding每天喂料量Kg（每kg饲料含3011千卡的代谢能）KGfeed/daywith3011KcalME/kg7 每天喂料量KGfeedperday,54321断 FeedingFeedingkgFeedinginthegestationunitDaysinto妊娠天Fat肥胖母正常母Thin瘦弱母后备母0FeedingFeeding32

PIC饲喂策略(kg/天)，3,233千卡代谢能 ThinFeedingFeeding真实案例RealexampleRedline: mended/Blueline:adoptedGestationFeed3211-34-2122-30 31-50 51-75 76-80 81-90 91-113FeedingAdjustsowsbodyAI-30daysof

31-80

WeightofpigletsatbirthandWeightofpigletsatbirthandpreparationof ryFeedingFeeding/Feedintakein/Feedintakeinlactation,天

Daysoflactation,FeedingFeeding妊娠后期氨基酸对仔猪出生重的影响,ImpactofAminoAcidduringlategestationonpigletbirthweight,活产仔活产仔猪出生重，公Bornalivepigletbirthweight,标准回肠可消化赖氨酸，克/SIDLys,Gonҫalvesetal.,

1102头PICCamborough母猪，平均总产仔数15.2头1,102PICCamborough,15.2avg.totalborn FeedingFeedingPIC仔猪出生重适度增加的动力是能量而不是氨基酸摄入量Energy*wasthedriverofthemodestincreaseinbirthweightofPICpigletsratherthanAAintake活产活产仔猪出生重，公Bornalivepigletbirthweight,

能量摄入，千卡净能/Energyintake,McalGonҫalvesetal.,

*来自淀粉的能Energyderivedfrom FeedingFeeding饲喂量骤增会造成经产母猪死产率增加2.1%，而对后备母猪并无影响,PICBumpfeedingcanincrease2.1%stillbornsinsows,butnotingilts,PIC87死产死产率Stillbirth,5 43210 能量摄入，千卡净能/Energyintake,Mcal

Gonҫalvesetal., FeedingFeedingTobumpfeedornottobumpfeed,Giltsinidealbody优势：可提高仔猪出生重（约40克每头猪），有助于乳腺发育降低断奶 率（不充足 ，1%）Pros:Increaseinpigletbirthweigh(~40g/pig),m rycomplexdevelopment,reduced (Weakevidence,1%)劣势：成本（27.4元Cons:Cost(27.4FeedingFeeding如何决定是否增加饲喂量Tobumpfeedornottobumpfeed,Sowsinidealbody Pros:Littletonoincreaseinpigletbirthweigh(0-10g/pig),m complexdevelopment,reduced (Weakevidence,1%)Cons:Cost(~68.5RMB),reducedfeedintakeduringlactation,increasedstillbornrate(~2%),fatterherd=increasedenergeticmaintenancecost.FeedingFeedingRequirementsduringgestationarehigherwithlargelitterHoweverrequirementsformaintenanceandleangrowthsowsaremuchhigherthanfetalThus,nutrientrequirementshavenotchangedFeedingFeeding Pigletbirthweighthasdeclinedapproxima y130g/pigoverthelast10years.Nutritionstrategiescanhavesomeimpact(ex.30gfromincreasingenergyintakeduringlategestation)Geneticselectionhasshowntobeamoresuccessfulmethodtoaddressbirthweight.FeedingFeeding4321

（天），兆卡代谢能标准回肠可NEWPICFeedingstrategy,kgfeed/daywith3.0McalME/kg,0.55%SID后备母

Wheat,wheatpollard,coprameal,ricebran FeedingFeeding4

（天），兆卡代谢能标准回肠可NEWPICFeedingstrategy,kgfeed/daywith3.0McalME/kg,0.55%SIDThinsows,3.4kguntilrecoverythen321

基准水平，每天2.0公Baselevel,2.0Thin

理想母Ideal

偏胖母FatWheat,wheatpollard,coprameal,ricebran FeedingFeedingTheamountoffeedfedischangedduringgestationtomeettheneedsofthegiltandsowtoachieveabodyconditionscoreof3to3.25.Thebodyconditionscorecorrelatestoaback-fatdepthof18-21mm.FeedingFeedingBodyConditionScoring(BCS)andFeedingTofeedsowstothepropercondition izeproductionperformanceattherightfeedFeedingFeeding sowsinth propr itinwillhelp izesowlongevityallowingthemtostayintheherdlongerandbemoreproductivemakingthefarmmoremoney.FeedingFeedingBCSof3willallowthesowto izelactationfeedintakepotential,weaningoodcondition,and izesubsequentreproductiveperformance.FeedingFeeding RemembertheseareguidelinesandifminoradjustmentsareneededtogetthesowtoaBCSof3,thentheywillhavetobemadeatthattime.FeedingFeedingngbodyconiti scores(BCS)willallowustofine-tunethisprocesstheverybestwecan.ConsistentBCSwillhelpreducestressontheFeedingFeeding

32.75-

Conditionscoreatweaning30days,60days,90FeedingFeedingFeedingthesowswithlessfeedcanreducetheproductivitythesow.Researchhasshownthattheproductivityisaffectedbyfeedingless.FeedingFeedingKgfeeddaily日饲Percentsowsservicedbeforeday42after断奶42Daysfromweaningtothefirst9内FeedingizingfeedCorrectfeed采食最大izingfeed Beforemorningfeedisallwetandspoiledfeedshouldberemovedfromeachcrateinthewean/heatnotserved采食最大izingfeedBesuretoremoveallofwetandspoiledfeedsothatfreshfeedisalwaysavailabletoeachsow.采食最大izingfeedHandfeedingneedstobeatleastonceadayattheendoftheday.采食最大izingfeedSowsshouldhavefullfeeddependingontheButbeawarenottohavetoowastage,andwatermustbe采食最大izingfeed第一天DaySowsshouldbefed3.0kgDonotallowsowstogowithoutfeedthenightbeforeweaning.采食最大izingfeedHandfeed1-2timesperdaysowswithlittleornofeedleftaftertheautomaticfeeding.Thisshouldbedonebyaassigneddailyandevenonweekends.采食最大izingfeedFreshfeedneedstobeprovidedatleast3timesperday.Eitherbyincreasingdropamountsorhand采食最大izingfeedBesuretogeteverysowstandeverytimetheyarefedsothattheywillreceivefreshwaterandThiswillincreasethefeed内FeedingizingfeedCorrectfeed准确准确饲喂CorrectfeedOfthemanymistakesthatcanoccurwhenfeedingallpigsonthefarmisamount.Whenusingfeedboxeswithsetliterorkilomeasurementthefeedboxcanleadtomistakesifnotmanaged准确饲喂准确饲喂CorrectfeedSomethinkthenumbertheamountisAndthenfeedthepigs准确饲喂准确饲喂CorrectfeedOthersdonotknowhowthefeedweighsandthereforehavenoideahowmuchtheyaregivingthepigs.准确饲喂Correctfeed准确饲喂Correctfeed准确饲喂CorrectfeedThisroutinesh