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2021-2022年湖南省长沙市公共英语五级(笔试)模拟考试(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________
一、1.ListeningComprehension(15题)1.Whatactiondidthetramptake?He______
A.lootedthestore
B.madehimselfathome
C.wenttosleepfor2days
D.hadaChristmasparty
2.Withonlyagoodbookweareverylikelytofeellonely.
A.TrueB.Fasle
3.ThosewhovisitLondonwillcertainlygoto______.
A.theTowerofLondon
B.Harrods
C.BuckinghamPalace
D.TheGreenwichvillage
4.听力原文:Iwanttotalktodayaboutsomestudies.Theyseemtoindicatethatthereisastartlingworld-widedeclineinthenumberofamphibians,suchasfrogs,toadsandsalamanders.There'slittledoubtthatonereasonwhythenumberofamphibiansisdecliningistheirhabitatshavebeendestroyedwhenthedevelopersfillinpondsandmarshestobuildhouses.Amphibianscan'tjustmovesomewhere.Theyneedwatertolaytheireggsin.Anotherproblemisthegrowingfishindustry.Anotherrangeofpopularpoolfishsuchascarphavebeenintroducedtomanylakesandpondsallovertheworld.Raisingandsellingthesefishcanbeprofitable,butthefisheattheeggsandoffspringofamphibiansthatwerealreadylivinginthelakesandponds.Otherfactorscouldbecontributingtothedeclineincludeacidrainandthespreadofpesticideresidues.Manypesticidesthatfarmersaddedtotheircropsareeventuallywashedawaybytherainandendupinpondsandotherbodiesofwaterwhereamphibianslive.Amphibiansareespeciallyvulnerabletopesticidesdissolvedinthewaterbecauseoftheirmoistskins.Watercanpassthroughamphibiansallowingtoxinsdissolvedinthewatertoentertheamphibians'body.
Whatdoesthespeakermainlydiscuss?
A.Thedistributionofdifferentspeciesofamphibians.
B.Possiblereasonsforreductioninthenumberofamphibians.
C.Theeffectsofenvironmentalchangeonthefishindustry.
D.Guidelinesfortheresponsibleuseofpesticides.
5.WhendidtheWomen'sMovementbeginintheU.S.A.?
6.Dr.WilsonissatisfiedwithWang'spastexperience.
A.RightB.Wrong
7.Goodbookscanprovideuswithawiderangeofexperiences.
A.TrueB.Fasle
8.WhatkindofgraincouldbefoundinAmericandiet500yearsago?
9.PartA
Directions:Youwillhearatalk.Asyoulisten,answerQuestions1-10bycirclingTRUEorFALSE.YouwillhearthetalkONLYONCE.Younowhave1minutetoreadQuestions1-10.
听力原文:Everyyeartherearereportsofpeopledyingastheresultofextremelyhotweather.Manyofthevictimsareoldpersons,whoseheartsorbreathingsystemsdecline.Butmanydiefromlackofwater.
Waterisnecessaryforlifeandgoodhealth.Weoftenforgetthisfactwhenwethinkabouttheotherbuildingblocksoflifesuchasvitamins,mineralsandproteins.Wecanliveformanydayswithouteating,buttwoorthreedayswithoutwaterusuallyleadstodeath.
Thehumanbodymaylooksolid,butmostofitiswater.Newbornbabiesareasmuchas85%water.Womenareabout65%waterandmenabout75%.Womenusuallyhavelesswaterthanmenbecausewomen,ingeneral,havemorefatcells,andfatcellsholdlesswaterthanotherkindsofcells.
Waterdoesmanydifferentthingstokeepushealthy.Itcarrieshormones,antibodiesandfoodsthroughthebody,andcarriesawaywastematerials.Thatiswhydifferentpartsofthebodycontaindifferentamountsofwater.Forexample,bloodis83%water,musclesare75%water,thebrainis74%,andbonesare25%,.
Waterisalsonecessaryforcoolingthebodyunderhotweatherandwhenweareworkinghardorexercising.Watercarriesbodyheattothesurfaceoftheskin,wheretheheatislostthroughperspiration.Researcherssaycoolliquidscoolusfasterthanwarmliquids,becausecoldliquidstakeupmoreheatinsidethebodyandcarryitawayfaster.Theysay,however,thatcoldsweetdrinksdonotworkwellbecausethesugarslowstheliquidfromgettingintotheblood-stream.
Researchersalsonotethatfatcellsblockbodyheatfromescapingquickly.Fatcellsundertheskinactlikewarmclothingtokeepbodyheatinside.Thisiswhyoverweightpeoplehaveamoreeasytimestayingcoolthanthinpeople.
Thebodyloseswatereverydaythroughperspirationandurine.Ifwelosetoomuch,wewillbecomesick.A10%dropinbodywatercancausethebloodsystemtofail.A15%~20%dropusuallyleadstodeath.Toreplacewhatislost,healthexpertssaygrowingpersonsshoulddrinkabout2litersofliquidseachday,andmoreinhotweather.Theysaywecanalsogetsomeofthewaterweneedinthefoodsweeat.Mostfruitsandvegetablesaremorethan80%water.Meatsare50%~60%water.Andevenbreadisabout33%water.Watermaybeoneofthemostsimpleofallchemicalsubstances,butitisthemostimportantsubstancethatweputintoourbodies.
Waterisakindofchemicalsubstance.
A.TrueB.Fasle
10.Wherecan'tchilipeppergrowaccordingtothetalk?
11.Beforedeliveringthenewinformation,whatshouldthespeakergivehisaudience?
12.Thepossibilitiesofourliteraryexperiencesarealmostunlimited.
A.RightB.Wrong
13.WhatistheeffectoftheWomen'sMovement?
14.Accordingtothespeaker,howdosomepesticidesgetintoponds?
A.Theyareappliedtoaquaticweedsbyfishfarming.
B.Amphibiansreleasethemfromtheirskin.
C.Irresponsibledisposeoftheminponds.
D.Theyarewashedintopondsbytherain.
15.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?
A.Gettingofftoworkwithaminimumefforthelpssaveone'senergy.
B.Dr.Kleimanexplainswhypeoplereachtheirpeaksatdifferenthoursofaday.
C.Habithelpsapersonadapttohisownenergycycle.
D.Childrenhaveenergycycles,too.
二、2.UseofEnglish(10题)16.(44)
17.Impatiencecharacterizesyoungintellectualworkers.Theywanttomaketheirmark【C1】______.Soit'simportanttoget【C2】______totheminachallengingmannertheidea【C3】______bigachievementsrarelycomeeasilyandquickly.Pointoutthatthelittlesuccessesareessential.Showthatthey【C4】______turnbecomethefoundationon【C5】______reputationsarebuiltandfromwhichmoreimportanttaskscanbeaccomplished.
Avarietyofjobassignments,includingjoborprojectrotation,alsokeepajob【C6】______becomingdull.Whereasit'snaturalforsomeindividualstowanttomoveaheadimmediatelytomoredifficultassignments,【C7】______properguidancetheycancontinuetolearnandtogainversatilitybyworkingonanumberofjobsthatareessentially【C8】______thesamecomplexity.Thiswaytheygainbreadth,ifnotdepth.
Probablythegreatestoffensetoguard【C9】______whendealingwithyoungerspecialistsistorejectideasoutofhand.Youmustlisten--andlistenobjectively--totheirsuggestions.Avoid【C10】______overcritical.Youwanttonurtureaninquiringmindwithafreshapproach.You'llfrustrateitquicklyifyoureverttoooften【C11】______"We'vetriedthatbeforeanditwon't【C12】______here."
Onesurewaytodisenchant【C13】______collegegraduatesisflagrantlymisusingtheirtalents.Expectthemtodosomeroutinework,ofcourse.Butdon'tmaketheir【C14】______workjustonelongseriesoferrands.Thisincludessuchbreak-inassignments【C15】______performingroutinecalculations,diggingup【C16】______material,【C17】______operatingreproductionequipment.Onelargemanufacturingcompanyrecentlyinterviewedanumberof【C18】______engineerswhohadleftthem.Thecompanyfoundthattheoverwhelmingcomplaintwasthatthecompanynotonlydidnotofferworkthat【C19】______challengingbutalsoexpected【C20】______toolittlefromtheminthewayofperformance.
【C1】
18.
【C2】
19.
【C9】
20.
【C8】
21.
【C12】
22.
【C3】
23.
【C6】
24.
【C4】
25.(42)
三、3.ReadingComprehension(15题)26.(78)
27.
Thefederalgovernmentgetsmostoftheirincomefrom______.
A.propertyaxB.incometaxC.salestaxD.estatetax
28.
______maygiveoffdangerousradioactivepollutionintotheair?
29.(79)
30.
Thearrivaloftheindustrialageinourhistoricalevolutionmeantthat______.
A.universalemploymentvirtuallyguaranteedprosperity
B.economicfreedomcamewithineveryone'scontrol
C.patternsofworkwerefundamentallychanged
D.people'sattitudestoworkhadtobereversed
31.(80)
32.
WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttheordinarypeopleintheThirdWorldcountries?
A.Theyarebeginningtorealizetheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.
B.Theybelievethatmanychildrenarenecessaryforprosperity.
C.Theyarereluctanttoacceptadvicefromthegovernment.
D.Theythinkthatearningalivingismoreimportantthannatureconservation.
33.(68)
34.(67)
35.
Byreferringtotheartificialgrammar,theauthorintendstoshow______.
A.itssignificanceinthestudy
B.aninherentpatternbeinglearnt
C.itsresemblancetothelights
D.theimportanceofanight'ssleep
36.(77)
37.(72)
38.
Theword"cleared"(Line4,Paragraph3)mightmean______.
A.permittedB.removedC.provedD.produced
39.PartB
Directions:Inthefollowingarticlesomeparagraphshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions66-70,choosethemostsuitableparagraphfromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedgaps.Thereisoneparagraphwhichdoesnotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.
Thepressisconstantlyremindingusthatthedramaticincreaseintheageofourpopulationoverthenext30orsoyearswillcausenationalhealthcaresystemstocollapse,economiestocrumpleunderthestrainofpensiondemandsanddisintegratingfamiliestobuckleunderincreasingcarecommitments.YetresearchatOxfordisbeginningtoexposesomeofthewidespreadmythsthatunderliethisrhetoric.Demographicageingisundoubtedlyareality.Lifeexpectancyindevelopedcountrieshasrisencontinuouslyoverthepastcentury,increasingthepercentageofthoseovertheageof60relativetothoseundertheageof15.By2030halfthepopulationofWesternEuropewillbeovertheageof50,withapredictedaveragelifeexpectancyofafurther40years.Bythen,aquarterofthepopulationwillbeover65andby2050theUK'scurrentnumberof10,000centenariansarepredictedtohavereachedaquarterofamillion.SomedemographershaveevensuggestedthathalfofallbabygirlsbornintheWesttodaywilllivetoseethenextcentury.
66.______
Indeed,ifthiscouldbeachievedthroughouttheworld,itwouldsurelycountasthesuccessofcivilization,forthenwewouldalsohaveconqueredthekillersofpoverty,disease,famineandwar.
Decreasingmortalityrates,increasinglongevityanddecliningfertilitymeansmallerpercentagesofyoungpeoplewithinpopulations.Overthepast20yearslifeexpectancyatbirthintheUKhasrisenbyfouryearsformen(to75)andthreeyearsforwomen(to80).MeanwhilefertilityratesacrossEuropehavedeclinedmoreorlesscontinuouslyoverthepast40yearsandremainwellbelowthelevelsrequiredforEuropeanpopulationstobeabletoreplacethemselveswithoutsubstantiveimmigration.Butagain,ratherthanseeingthisasadoomandgloomscenario,weneedtoexplorethepositiveaspectsofthesedemographics.Thenext50yearsshouldprovideuswithanopportunitytoenjoythemanyadvantagesofasocietywithamaturepopulationstructure.
67.______
ThefirstoftheseisthecurrentpoliticalrhetoricwhichclaimsthathealthservicesacrosstheWesternworldarecollapsingunderthestrainofdemographicageing.
68.______
Thesecondmythistheviewthattheratioofworkerstonon-workerswillbecomesoacutethatWesterneconomieswillcollapse,compoundedbyamassivegrowthinpensiondebt.Whilethereareundoubtedconcernsovercurrentpensionshortfalls,itisalsoclearthatworkingliveswillthemselveschangeoverthenextfewdecades,withapredictedincreaseinflexibleandpart-timeworkandtheprobableextensionofworkinglifeuntiltheageof70.Indeed,wehavetorecognizethatwecannotexpecttoretireattheageof50andthenbeabletosupportourselvesforanother40orsoyears.Neitherasolidpensionschemenorsavingscancarrypeoplethatlong.
69.______
Afurthermythisthatwewillallliveinloose,multigenerationalfamilies,experiencingincreasedemotionaldistancingfromourkin.Evidencefromavarietyofstudiesacrossthedevelopedworldsuggeststhat,ifanything,themodernfamilyisactuallybecomingmoreclose-knit.WorkcarriedoutbytheOxfordInstituteinScandinaviaandinaPan-EuropeanFamilyCareStudy,forexample,showsthatdespitedieinfluenceofthewelfarestate,overthepast10years,peoplehavecometovaluefamilyrelationshipsmorethanpreviously.
70.______
Inthedevelopedworld,therefore,wecanseeactualbenefitsfrompopulationageing:abetterbalancebetweenagegroups,matureandlessvolatiles
40.(73)
四、阅读理解(5题)41.
第
33
题
Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_________.
42.
第
47
题
enablesplayerstoconstructbuildingsindifferentstyles?__________
43.
根据下列选项回答41~45题:
第
41
题
1.__________
44.
根据下列文章回答36~40题:
第
36
题
Howmanynewmaterialsarementionedinthispassage?
45.
根据下列选项回答31~40题:
第
31
题
wasdevelopedtoprovideelectricityforsatellitesatthebeginning?__________
参考答案
1.B
2.B
3.C
4.B
5.Duringthe1960s.
6.B
7.A
8.Corn.
9.A
10.InNorthernEurope
11.Timeforthinking
12.A
13.Male-and-femalerelationshipchanged.
14.D
15.B
16.muchmuch解析:参见43题解析。显然,此空处应为“太多的”。
17.fastfast解析:由上一句句意“不耐心代表了年轻的脑力工作者们的特点。”可知,本句“他们想…成名”中的空处应填“快速地”。
18.acrossacross解析:getacross意为“使(观点等)被理解或接受,讲清自己的意思”,此句意为“给他们讲清巨大的成功不会轻易、快速地到来很重要。”
19.somesome解析:关键是注意and前后一致。“somerationaland…emotional”,前面说促使顾客购买的动机有很多,有的是理性的,有的却是冲动。所以这里应该是some。故答案为some。
20.nono解析:本句话的意思是“那些趾高气扬的人不可能是那些平易近人的人”。这是否定的意思,故答案为no。
21.butbut解析:这里表达的前后句意是一种转折关系。前面说“hemayhavedreams.”而后面“hedoesnotallowthemtoblockhisknowledge…”的意思却是“但是他也不会让这些梦想阻挡自己对什么是现实的理解。”故答案为but。
22.betweenbetween解析:“…relation…actionsandtheirconsequences”意为“…行动和它们的结果…关系”,空处显然缺“之间”。
23.airair解析:由前面的smog可知,此空处应填与smog相应的物质,又由后面的“hoversovercities”可知,此物质只能是“脏空气”。
24.thatthat解析:此空后的内容为maintain的内容,即此空后的句子为maintain的宾语,应填一个可引导宾语从句的词。
25.suchsuch解析:“poorposture,leaningtoo…tothedesk,using…”均是对characteristics的举例说明,而举例用英语说应为“suchas”。
26.D解析:由D中Smithadds,“Investment-wise,King’sCrossisagoodbet.Thereisabigrentalmarkethereandpriceswillgoup.Therearestillcheaperpropertiesavailable,onetotwobedroomflatsinVictorianconversions,orex—councilproperties.Butpeopleareholdingontothemfordearfifeinthehopetheywillgoupinvalue.Ifyoufindone,itisworthinvestingin.”可以看出在King’sCross投资将会物有所值。所以此处答案为D。
27.B解析:由短文第三段第一句“Incometaxesarethemainsourceoffederalrevenues.”。
28.B解析:由B中的disadvantage中“Althoughnotmuchwasteisproduced,itisvery,verydangerous.Itmustbesealedupandburiedformanyyearstoallowtheradioactivitytodieaway.”可知答案为B。
29.D解析:由D中的最后一段“andsoistodescribeitsimplyasamovieaboutgangsters.”可知。
30.C解析:由短文第三段中“Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.”可知。
31.C解析:由C中的第二段“Itisnowconsideredthecenterofindustry,transportation,commerceandfinanceinthemid-westarea.”可知答案为C。
32.A解析:由文章第二段“…intheThirdWorldtowardfamilysizeandadawningrealisationthatenvironmentaldegradation…”。
33.CC解析:由上下两段看,只有C放在此处可以使上下文衔接,意思连贯。
34.AA解析:由此空的上下两段可以得到答案。上段说的如何去看人的两种方法,而后面的一段接着说的地点问题。所以这里的“dependingonwherethemeetingtakesplace.”符合句意,故应选A。
35.B解析:原文的第三段最后“Whattheydidnotknow…followedapattern—whatisreferredtoas”artificialgrammar“.Yetthereductionsinresponsetimeshowedthat…”说明了这种内在模式,也就是“artificialgrammar”,对于记忆的重要性。故应选B。
36.B解析:由B中的第二段最后几句话“Millerisorderedtotakehissquadbehindenemylinesonadangerousmissiontofindandretrieveoneman:PrivateJamesRyan.”可知。
37.A解析:由A中的第二段“…toillustratehowenvironmentalqualitycanbeincludedformallyinmeasuresofnationalincome,socialwelfareandsustainability.”可知。
38.A解析:在第三段最后一句“…oneculture-basedproducthasbeenclearedformarketinginEurope.”里出现了“cleared”一词。根据下文中“marketing”和读者有关药品上市前应该得到批准的常识,可以判断出,该词在本句中的意思是“得到官方的批准”。因此正确答案为A。
39.EE解析:第一段引出了人们对未来的担心,认为老龄化将会带来各种问题。第三段是对老龄化社会的肯定,认为这是文明发展的成果。“myth”一词含有杜撰的意思。一些人的担心是多余的。E起到承上启下的作用。
40.B解析:书评二中最后几句话提到了Stiglitz对RubinandSummers,Fischer,theNO.2officialanddefactochiefexecutiveoftheIMF的批评,“…theyhadtoomuchfaiththatmarketscouldtransform.poorcountriesovernight.Helabelsthesethreemenmarketfundamentalists”都可以看出题目中包含的信息。所以本题
41.C由全文可以看出,学生们对历史研究其实没有多大兴趣。
42.BB第一段提到“…serveuphundredsofnewbuildingsthat...”。
43.C短文赏析
孩提时代的快乐是神奇的,无穷无尽的,但是到了青少年时代,快乐就稍稍变了样子,种种烦恼开始出现,而成年之后,快乐就变得更加复杂,不再能够简单定义。作者认为,快乐应该被定义为享受的能力。我们应当能够从一切中得到乐趣,看到自己的幸福所在。每个人都有不同的快乐之源,与他人闲聊、接听电话、开快车等,都可能给不同的人带来快乐的感觉。心理学家说追求快乐应该能够放松,工作满意。作者认为,拥有金钱并不一定会带来快乐,快乐与否取决于个人对人生的态度和看待生活的方式,只有享受周围的一切才能与快乐相会。
答案解析:
文章第二段讲的是“Intheteenageyears”的事,故第三段顺理成章应讲“Inadulthood...”。
44.B短文赏析
过去的时代常常用某一种材料命名。未来的材料科学时代将迎来许多新的技术。新材料出现的关键在于研究者越来越能够在分子层次上操纵材料。科学家制造了硬度更高的抗热瓷器。同样,塑料也经历了转变。高强度塑料被用来作为建筑材料,还出现了能够发电的塑料,塑料回收再利用功能得以增强,而用塑料制成的化合物甚至被用于制造战斗头盔。由玻璃制成的电缆将电话讯号传递到全国各地。但是,新材料的影响只有制成产品才能够被看到。因此,技术的商业化将决定一个国家未来的成败。
答案解析:
由短文第一段最后一句“Exoticplastics,glassandceramicswillshapethefuturejustassurelyashavegeneticengineeringandcomputerscience.”可知,本文提到了三种新材料。
45.C由C中的howitworks中的第一条“Thiswasoriginallydevelopedinordertoprovideelectricityforsatellites,….”可知答案为C。2021-2022年湖南省长沙市公共英语五级(笔试)模拟考试(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________
一、1.ListeningComprehension(15题)1.Whatactiondidthetramptake?He______
A.lootedthestore
B.madehimselfathome
C.wenttosleepfor2days
D.hadaChristmasparty
2.Withonlyagoodbookweareverylikelytofeellonely.
A.TrueB.Fasle
3.ThosewhovisitLondonwillcertainlygoto______.
A.theTowerofLondon
B.Harrods
C.BuckinghamPalace
D.TheGreenwichvillage
4.听力原文:Iwanttotalktodayaboutsomestudies.Theyseemtoindicatethatthereisastartlingworld-widedeclineinthenumberofamphibians,suchasfrogs,toadsandsalamanders.There'slittledoubtthatonereasonwhythenumberofamphibiansisdecliningistheirhabitatshavebeendestroyedwhenthedevelopersfillinpondsandmarshestobuildhouses.Amphibianscan'tjustmovesomewhere.Theyneedwatertolaytheireggsin.Anotherproblemisthegrowingfishindustry.Anotherrangeofpopularpoolfishsuchascarphavebeenintroducedtomanylakesandpondsallovertheworld.Raisingandsellingthesefishcanbeprofitable,butthefisheattheeggsandoffspringofamphibiansthatwerealreadylivinginthelakesandponds.Otherfactorscouldbecontributingtothedeclineincludeacidrainandthespreadofpesticideresidues.Manypesticidesthatfarmersaddedtotheircropsareeventuallywashedawaybytherainandendupinpondsandotherbodiesofwaterwhereamphibianslive.Amphibiansareespeciallyvulnerabletopesticidesdissolvedinthewaterbecauseoftheirmoistskins.Watercanpassthroughamphibiansallowingtoxinsdissolvedinthewatertoentertheamphibians'body.
Whatdoesthespeakermainlydiscuss?
A.Thedistributionofdifferentspeciesofamphibians.
B.Possiblereasonsforreductioninthenumberofamphibians.
C.Theeffectsofenvironmentalchangeonthefishindustry.
D.Guidelinesfortheresponsibleuseofpesticides.
5.WhendidtheWomen'sMovementbeginintheU.S.A.?
6.Dr.WilsonissatisfiedwithWang'spastexperience.
A.RightB.Wrong
7.Goodbookscanprovideuswithawiderangeofexperiences.
A.TrueB.Fasle
8.WhatkindofgraincouldbefoundinAmericandiet500yearsago?
9.PartA
Directions:Youwillhearatalk.Asyoulisten,answerQuestions1-10bycirclingTRUEorFALSE.YouwillhearthetalkONLYONCE.Younowhave1minutetoreadQuestions1-10.
听力原文:Everyyeartherearereportsofpeopledyingastheresultofextremelyhotweather.Manyofthevictimsareoldpersons,whoseheartsorbreathingsystemsdecline.Butmanydiefromlackofwater.
Waterisnecessaryforlifeandgoodhealth.Weoftenforgetthisfactwhenwethinkabouttheotherbuildingblocksoflifesuchasvitamins,mineralsandproteins.Wecanliveformanydayswithouteating,buttwoorthreedayswithoutwaterusuallyleadstodeath.
Thehumanbodymaylooksolid,butmostofitiswater.Newbornbabiesareasmuchas85%water.Womenareabout65%waterandmenabout75%.Womenusuallyhavelesswaterthanmenbecausewomen,ingeneral,havemorefatcells,andfatcellsholdlesswaterthanotherkindsofcells.
Waterdoesmanydifferentthingstokeepushealthy.Itcarrieshormones,antibodiesandfoodsthroughthebody,andcarriesawaywastematerials.Thatiswhydifferentpartsofthebodycontaindifferentamountsofwater.Forexample,bloodis83%water,musclesare75%water,thebrainis74%,andbonesare25%,.
Waterisalsonecessaryforcoolingthebodyunderhotweatherandwhenweareworkinghardorexercising.Watercarriesbodyheattothesurfaceoftheskin,wheretheheatislostthroughperspiration.Researcherssaycoolliquidscoolusfasterthanwarmliquids,becausecoldliquidstakeupmoreheatinsidethebodyandcarryitawayfaster.Theysay,however,thatcoldsweetdrinksdonotworkwellbecausethesugarslowstheliquidfromgettingintotheblood-stream.
Researchersalsonotethatfatcellsblockbodyheatfromescapingquickly.Fatcellsundertheskinactlikewarmclothingtokeepbodyheatinside.Thisiswhyoverweightpeoplehaveamoreeasytimestayingcoolthanthinpeople.
Thebodyloseswatereverydaythroughperspirationandurine.Ifwelosetoomuch,wewillbecomesick.A10%dropinbodywatercancausethebloodsystemtofail.A15%~20%dropusuallyleadstodeath.Toreplacewhatislost,healthexpertssaygrowingpersonsshoulddrinkabout2litersofliquidseachday,andmoreinhotweather.Theysaywecanalsogetsomeofthewaterweneedinthefoodsweeat.Mostfruitsandvegetablesaremorethan80%water.Meatsare50%~60%water.Andevenbreadisabout33%water.Watermaybeoneofthemostsimpleofallchemicalsubstances,butitisthemostimportantsubstancethatweputintoourbodies.
Waterisakindofchemicalsubstance.
A.TrueB.Fasle
10.Wherecan'tchilipeppergrowaccordingtothetalk?
11.Beforedeliveringthenewinformation,whatshouldthespeakergivehisaudience?
12.Thepossibilitiesofourliteraryexperiencesarealmostunlimited.
A.RightB.Wrong
13.WhatistheeffectoftheWomen'sMovement?
14.Accordingtothespeaker,howdosomepesticidesgetintoponds?
A.Theyareappliedtoaquaticweedsbyfishfarming.
B.Amphibiansreleasethemfromtheirskin.
C.Irresponsibledisposeoftheminponds.
D.Theyarewashedintopondsbytherain.
15.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?
A.Gettingofftoworkwithaminimumefforthelpssaveone'senergy.
B.Dr.Kleimanexplainswhypeoplereachtheirpeaksatdifferenthoursofaday.
C.Habithelpsapersonadapttohisownenergycycle.
D.Childrenhaveenergycycles,too.
二、2.UseofEnglish(10题)16.(44)
17.Impatiencecharacterizesyoungintellectualworkers.Theywanttomaketheirmark【C1】______.Soit'simportanttoget【C2】______totheminachallengingmannertheidea【C3】______bigachievementsrarelycomeeasilyandquickly.Pointoutthatthelittlesuccessesareessential.Showthatthey【C4】______turnbecomethefoundationon【C5】______reputationsarebuiltandfromwhichmoreimportanttaskscanbeaccomplished.
Avarietyofjobassignments,includingjoborprojectrotation,alsokeepajob【C6】______becomingdull.Whereasit'snaturalforsomeindividualstowanttomoveaheadimmediatelytomoredifficultassignments,【C7】______properguidancetheycancontinuetolearnandtogainversatilitybyworkingonanumberofjobsthatareessentially【C8】______thesamecomplexity.Thiswaytheygainbreadth,ifnotdepth.
Probablythegreatestoffensetoguard【C9】______whendealingwithyoungerspecialistsistorejectideasoutofhand.Youmustlisten--andlistenobjectively--totheirsuggestions.Avoid【C10】______overcritical.Youwanttonurtureaninquiringmindwithafreshapproach.You'llfrustrateitquicklyifyoureverttoooften【C11】______"We'vetriedthatbeforeanditwon't【C12】______here."
Onesurewaytodisenchant【C13】______collegegraduatesisflagrantlymisusingtheirtalents.Expectthemtodosomeroutinework,ofcourse.Butdon'tmaketheir【C14】______workjustonelongseriesoferrands.Thisincludessuchbreak-inassignments【C15】______performingroutinecalculations,diggingup【C16】______material,【C17】______operatingreproductionequipment.Onelargemanufacturingcompanyrecentlyinterviewedanumberof【C18】______engineerswhohadleftthem.Thecompanyfoundthattheoverwhelmingcomplaintwasthatthecompanynotonlydidnotofferworkthat【C19】______challengingbutalsoexpected【C20】______toolittlefromtheminthewayofperformance.
【C1】
18.
【C2】
19.
【C9】
20.
【C8】
21.
【C12】
22.
【C3】
23.
【C6】
24.
【C4】
25.(42)
三、3.ReadingComprehension(15题)26.(78)
27.
Thefederalgovernmentgetsmostoftheirincomefrom______.
A.propertyaxB.incometaxC.salestaxD.estatetax
28.
______maygiveoffdangerousradioactivepollutionintotheair?
29.(79)
30.
Thearrivaloftheindustrialageinourhistoricalevolutionmeantthat______.
A.universalemploymentvirtuallyguaranteedprosperity
B.economicfreedomcamewithineveryone'scontrol
C.patternsofworkwerefundamentallychanged
D.people'sattitudestoworkhadtobereversed
31.(80)
32.
WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttheordinarypeopleintheThirdWorldcountries?
A.Theyarebeginningtorealizetheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.
B.Theybelievethatmanychildrenarenecessaryforprosperity.
C.Theyarereluctanttoacceptadvicefromthegovernment.
D.Theythinkthatearningalivingismoreimportantthannatureconservation.
33.(68)
34.(67)
35.
Byreferringtotheartificialgrammar,theauthorintendstoshow______.
A.itssignificanceinthestudy
B.aninherentpatternbeinglearnt
C.itsresemblancetothelights
D.theimportanceofanight'ssleep
36.(77)
37.(72)
38.
Theword"cleared"(Line4,Paragraph3)mightmean______.
A.permittedB.removedC.provedD.produced
39.PartB
Directions:Inthefollowingarticlesomeparagraphshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions66-70,choosethemostsuitableparagraphfromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedgaps.Thereisoneparagraphwhichdoesnotfitinany
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