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2021-2022年湖南省长沙市公共英语五级(笔试)模拟考试(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、1.ListeningComprehension(15题)1.Whatactiondidthetramptake?He______

A.lootedthestore

B.madehimselfathome

C.wenttosleepfor2days

D.hadaChristmasparty

2.Withonlyagoodbookweareverylikelytofeellonely.

A.TrueB.Fasle

3.ThosewhovisitLondonwillcertainlygoto______.

A.theTowerofLondon

B.Harrods

C.BuckinghamPalace

D.TheGreenwichvillage

4.听力原文:Iwanttotalktodayaboutsomestudies.Theyseemtoindicatethatthereisastartlingworld-widedeclineinthenumberofamphibians,suchasfrogs,toadsandsalamanders.There'slittledoubtthatonereasonwhythenumberofamphibiansisdecliningistheirhabitatshavebeendestroyedwhenthedevelopersfillinpondsandmarshestobuildhouses.Amphibianscan'tjustmovesomewhere.Theyneedwatertolaytheireggsin.Anotherproblemisthegrowingfishindustry.Anotherrangeofpopularpoolfishsuchascarphavebeenintroducedtomanylakesandpondsallovertheworld.Raisingandsellingthesefishcanbeprofitable,butthefisheattheeggsandoffspringofamphibiansthatwerealreadylivinginthelakesandponds.Otherfactorscouldbecontributingtothedeclineincludeacidrainandthespreadofpesticideresidues.Manypesticidesthatfarmersaddedtotheircropsareeventuallywashedawaybytherainandendupinpondsandotherbodiesofwaterwhereamphibianslive.Amphibiansareespeciallyvulnerabletopesticidesdissolvedinthewaterbecauseoftheirmoistskins.Watercanpassthroughamphibiansallowingtoxinsdissolvedinthewatertoentertheamphibians'body.

Whatdoesthespeakermainlydiscuss?

A.Thedistributionofdifferentspeciesofamphibians.

B.Possiblereasonsforreductioninthenumberofamphibians.

C.Theeffectsofenvironmentalchangeonthefishindustry.

D.Guidelinesfortheresponsibleuseofpesticides.

5.WhendidtheWomen'sMovementbeginintheU.S.A.?

6.Dr.WilsonissatisfiedwithWang'spastexperience.

A.RightB.Wrong

7.Goodbookscanprovideuswithawiderangeofexperiences.

A.TrueB.Fasle

8.WhatkindofgraincouldbefoundinAmericandiet500yearsago?

9.PartA

Directions:Youwillhearatalk.Asyoulisten,answerQuestions1-10bycirclingTRUEorFALSE.YouwillhearthetalkONLYONCE.Younowhave1minutetoreadQuestions1-10.

听力原文:Everyyeartherearereportsofpeopledyingastheresultofextremelyhotweather.Manyofthevictimsareoldpersons,whoseheartsorbreathingsystemsdecline.Butmanydiefromlackofwater.

Waterisnecessaryforlifeandgoodhealth.Weoftenforgetthisfactwhenwethinkabouttheotherbuildingblocksoflifesuchasvitamins,mineralsandproteins.Wecanliveformanydayswithouteating,buttwoorthreedayswithoutwaterusuallyleadstodeath.

Thehumanbodymaylooksolid,butmostofitiswater.Newbornbabiesareasmuchas85%water.Womenareabout65%waterandmenabout75%.Womenusuallyhavelesswaterthanmenbecausewomen,ingeneral,havemorefatcells,andfatcellsholdlesswaterthanotherkindsofcells.

Waterdoesmanydifferentthingstokeepushealthy.Itcarrieshormones,antibodiesandfoodsthroughthebody,andcarriesawaywastematerials.Thatiswhydifferentpartsofthebodycontaindifferentamountsofwater.Forexample,bloodis83%water,musclesare75%water,thebrainis74%,andbonesare25%,.

Waterisalsonecessaryforcoolingthebodyunderhotweatherandwhenweareworkinghardorexercising.Watercarriesbodyheattothesurfaceoftheskin,wheretheheatislostthroughperspiration.Researcherssaycoolliquidscoolusfasterthanwarmliquids,becausecoldliquidstakeupmoreheatinsidethebodyandcarryitawayfaster.Theysay,however,thatcoldsweetdrinksdonotworkwellbecausethesugarslowstheliquidfromgettingintotheblood-stream.

Researchersalsonotethatfatcellsblockbodyheatfromescapingquickly.Fatcellsundertheskinactlikewarmclothingtokeepbodyheatinside.Thisiswhyoverweightpeoplehaveamoreeasytimestayingcoolthanthinpeople.

Thebodyloseswatereverydaythroughperspirationandurine.Ifwelosetoomuch,wewillbecomesick.A10%dropinbodywatercancausethebloodsystemtofail.A15%~20%dropusuallyleadstodeath.Toreplacewhatislost,healthexpertssaygrowingpersonsshoulddrinkabout2litersofliquidseachday,andmoreinhotweather.Theysaywecanalsogetsomeofthewaterweneedinthefoodsweeat.Mostfruitsandvegetablesaremorethan80%water.Meatsare50%~60%water.Andevenbreadisabout33%water.Watermaybeoneofthemostsimpleofallchemicalsubstances,butitisthemostimportantsubstancethatweputintoourbodies.

Waterisakindofchemicalsubstance.

A.TrueB.Fasle

10.Wherecan'tchilipeppergrowaccordingtothetalk?

11.Beforedeliveringthenewinformation,whatshouldthespeakergivehisaudience?

12.Thepossibilitiesofourliteraryexperiencesarealmostunlimited.

A.RightB.Wrong

13.WhatistheeffectoftheWomen'sMovement?

14.Accordingtothespeaker,howdosomepesticidesgetintoponds?

A.Theyareappliedtoaquaticweedsbyfishfarming.

B.Amphibiansreleasethemfromtheirskin.

C.Irresponsibledisposeoftheminponds.

D.Theyarewashedintopondsbytherain.

15.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

A.Gettingofftoworkwithaminimumefforthelpssaveone'senergy.

B.Dr.Kleimanexplainswhypeoplereachtheirpeaksatdifferenthoursofaday.

C.Habithelpsapersonadapttohisownenergycycle.

D.Childrenhaveenergycycles,too.

二、2.UseofEnglish(10题)16.(44)

17.Impatiencecharacterizesyoungintellectualworkers.Theywanttomaketheirmark【C1】______.Soit'simportanttoget【C2】______totheminachallengingmannertheidea【C3】______bigachievementsrarelycomeeasilyandquickly.Pointoutthatthelittlesuccessesareessential.Showthatthey【C4】______turnbecomethefoundationon【C5】______reputationsarebuiltandfromwhichmoreimportanttaskscanbeaccomplished.

Avarietyofjobassignments,includingjoborprojectrotation,alsokeepajob【C6】______becomingdull.Whereasit'snaturalforsomeindividualstowanttomoveaheadimmediatelytomoredifficultassignments,【C7】______properguidancetheycancontinuetolearnandtogainversatilitybyworkingonanumberofjobsthatareessentially【C8】______thesamecomplexity.Thiswaytheygainbreadth,ifnotdepth.

Probablythegreatestoffensetoguard【C9】______whendealingwithyoungerspecialistsistorejectideasoutofhand.Youmustlisten--andlistenobjectively--totheirsuggestions.Avoid【C10】______overcritical.Youwanttonurtureaninquiringmindwithafreshapproach.You'llfrustrateitquicklyifyoureverttoooften【C11】______"We'vetriedthatbeforeanditwon't【C12】______here."

Onesurewaytodisenchant【C13】______collegegraduatesisflagrantlymisusingtheirtalents.Expectthemtodosomeroutinework,ofcourse.Butdon'tmaketheir【C14】______workjustonelongseriesoferrands.Thisincludessuchbreak-inassignments【C15】______performingroutinecalculations,diggingup【C16】______material,【C17】______operatingreproductionequipment.Onelargemanufacturingcompanyrecentlyinterviewedanumberof【C18】______engineerswhohadleftthem.Thecompanyfoundthattheoverwhelmingcomplaintwasthatthecompanynotonlydidnotofferworkthat【C19】______challengingbutalsoexpected【C20】______toolittlefromtheminthewayofperformance.

【C1】

18.

【C2】

19.

【C9】

20.

【C8】

21.

【C12】

22.

【C3】

23.

【C6】

24.

【C4】

25.(42)

三、3.ReadingComprehension(15题)26.(78)

27.

Thefederalgovernmentgetsmostoftheirincomefrom______.

A.propertyaxB.incometaxC.salestaxD.estatetax

28.

______maygiveoffdangerousradioactivepollutionintotheair?

29.(79)

30.

Thearrivaloftheindustrialageinourhistoricalevolutionmeantthat______.

A.universalemploymentvirtuallyguaranteedprosperity

B.economicfreedomcamewithineveryone'scontrol

C.patternsofworkwerefundamentallychanged

D.people'sattitudestoworkhadtobereversed

31.(80)

32.

WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttheordinarypeopleintheThirdWorldcountries?

A.Theyarebeginningtorealizetheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.

B.Theybelievethatmanychildrenarenecessaryforprosperity.

C.Theyarereluctanttoacceptadvicefromthegovernment.

D.Theythinkthatearningalivingismoreimportantthannatureconservation.

33.(68)

34.(67)

35.

Byreferringtotheartificialgrammar,theauthorintendstoshow______.

A.itssignificanceinthestudy

B.aninherentpatternbeinglearnt

C.itsresemblancetothelights

D.theimportanceofanight'ssleep

36.(77)

37.(72)

38.

Theword"cleared"(Line4,Paragraph3)mightmean______.

A.permittedB.removedC.provedD.produced

39.PartB

Directions:Inthefollowingarticlesomeparagraphshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions66-70,choosethemostsuitableparagraphfromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedgaps.Thereisoneparagraphwhichdoesnotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

Thepressisconstantlyremindingusthatthedramaticincreaseintheageofourpopulationoverthenext30orsoyearswillcausenationalhealthcaresystemstocollapse,economiestocrumpleunderthestrainofpensiondemandsanddisintegratingfamiliestobuckleunderincreasingcarecommitments.YetresearchatOxfordisbeginningtoexposesomeofthewidespreadmythsthatunderliethisrhetoric.Demographicageingisundoubtedlyareality.Lifeexpectancyindevelopedcountrieshasrisencontinuouslyoverthepastcentury,increasingthepercentageofthoseovertheageof60relativetothoseundertheageof15.By2030halfthepopulationofWesternEuropewillbeovertheageof50,withapredictedaveragelifeexpectancyofafurther40years.Bythen,aquarterofthepopulationwillbeover65andby2050theUK'scurrentnumberof10,000centenariansarepredictedtohavereachedaquarterofamillion.SomedemographershaveevensuggestedthathalfofallbabygirlsbornintheWesttodaywilllivetoseethenextcentury.

66.______

Indeed,ifthiscouldbeachievedthroughouttheworld,itwouldsurelycountasthesuccessofcivilization,forthenwewouldalsohaveconqueredthekillersofpoverty,disease,famineandwar.

Decreasingmortalityrates,increasinglongevityanddecliningfertilitymeansmallerpercentagesofyoungpeoplewithinpopulations.Overthepast20yearslifeexpectancyatbirthintheUKhasrisenbyfouryearsformen(to75)andthreeyearsforwomen(to80).MeanwhilefertilityratesacrossEuropehavedeclinedmoreorlesscontinuouslyoverthepast40yearsandremainwellbelowthelevelsrequiredforEuropeanpopulationstobeabletoreplacethemselveswithoutsubstantiveimmigration.Butagain,ratherthanseeingthisasadoomandgloomscenario,weneedtoexplorethepositiveaspectsofthesedemographics.Thenext50yearsshouldprovideuswithanopportunitytoenjoythemanyadvantagesofasocietywithamaturepopulationstructure.

67.______

ThefirstoftheseisthecurrentpoliticalrhetoricwhichclaimsthathealthservicesacrosstheWesternworldarecollapsingunderthestrainofdemographicageing.

68.______

Thesecondmythistheviewthattheratioofworkerstonon-workerswillbecomesoacutethatWesterneconomieswillcollapse,compoundedbyamassivegrowthinpensiondebt.Whilethereareundoubtedconcernsovercurrentpensionshortfalls,itisalsoclearthatworkingliveswillthemselveschangeoverthenextfewdecades,withapredictedincreaseinflexibleandpart-timeworkandtheprobableextensionofworkinglifeuntiltheageof70.Indeed,wehavetorecognizethatwecannotexpecttoretireattheageof50andthenbeabletosupportourselvesforanother40orsoyears.Neitherasolidpensionschemenorsavingscancarrypeoplethatlong.

69.______

Afurthermythisthatwewillallliveinloose,multigenerationalfamilies,experiencingincreasedemotionaldistancingfromourkin.Evidencefromavarietyofstudiesacrossthedevelopedworldsuggeststhat,ifanything,themodernfamilyisactuallybecomingmoreclose-knit.WorkcarriedoutbytheOxfordInstituteinScandinaviaandinaPan-EuropeanFamilyCareStudy,forexample,showsthatdespitedieinfluenceofthewelfarestate,overthepast10years,peoplehavecometovaluefamilyrelationshipsmorethanpreviously.

70.______

Inthedevelopedworld,therefore,wecanseeactualbenefitsfrompopulationageing:abetterbalancebetweenagegroups,matureandlessvolatiles

40.(73)

四、阅读理解(5题)41.

33

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_________.

42.

47

enablesplayerstoconstructbuildingsindifferentstyles?__________

43.

根据下列选项回答41~45题:

41

1.__________

44.

根据下列文章回答36~40题:

36

Howmanynewmaterialsarementionedinthispassage?

45.

根据下列选项回答31~40题:

31

wasdevelopedtoprovideelectricityforsatellitesatthebeginning?__________

参考答案

1.B

2.B

3.C

4.B

5.Duringthe1960s.

6.B

7.A

8.Corn.

9.A

10.InNorthernEurope

11.Timeforthinking

12.A

13.Male-and-femalerelationshipchanged.

14.D

15.B

16.muchmuch解析:参见43题解析。显然,此空处应为“太多的”。

17.fastfast解析:由上一句句意“不耐心代表了年轻的脑力工作者们的特点。”可知,本句“他们想…成名”中的空处应填“快速地”。

18.acrossacross解析:getacross意为“使(观点等)被理解或接受,讲清自己的意思”,此句意为“给他们讲清巨大的成功不会轻易、快速地到来很重要。”

19.somesome解析:关键是注意and前后一致。“somerationaland…emotional”,前面说促使顾客购买的动机有很多,有的是理性的,有的却是冲动。所以这里应该是some。故答案为some。

20.nono解析:本句话的意思是“那些趾高气扬的人不可能是那些平易近人的人”。这是否定的意思,故答案为no。

21.butbut解析:这里表达的前后句意是一种转折关系。前面说“hemayhavedreams.”而后面“hedoesnotallowthemtoblockhisknowledge…”的意思却是“但是他也不会让这些梦想阻挡自己对什么是现实的理解。”故答案为but。

22.betweenbetween解析:“…relation…actionsandtheirconsequences”意为“…行动和它们的结果…关系”,空处显然缺“之间”。

23.airair解析:由前面的smog可知,此空处应填与smog相应的物质,又由后面的“hoversovercities”可知,此物质只能是“脏空气”。

24.thatthat解析:此空后的内容为maintain的内容,即此空后的句子为maintain的宾语,应填一个可引导宾语从句的词。

25.suchsuch解析:“poorposture,leaningtoo…tothedesk,using…”均是对characteristics的举例说明,而举例用英语说应为“suchas”。

26.D解析:由D中Smithadds,“Investment-wise,King’sCrossisagoodbet.Thereisabigrentalmarkethereandpriceswillgoup.Therearestillcheaperpropertiesavailable,onetotwobedroomflatsinVictorianconversions,orex—councilproperties.Butpeopleareholdingontothemfordearfifeinthehopetheywillgoupinvalue.Ifyoufindone,itisworthinvestingin.”可以看出在King’sCross投资将会物有所值。所以此处答案为D。

27.B解析:由短文第三段第一句“Incometaxesarethemainsourceoffederalrevenues.”。

28.B解析:由B中的disadvantage中“Althoughnotmuchwasteisproduced,itisvery,verydangerous.Itmustbesealedupandburiedformanyyearstoallowtheradioactivitytodieaway.”可知答案为B。

29.D解析:由D中的最后一段“andsoistodescribeitsimplyasamovieaboutgangsters.”可知。

30.C解析:由短文第三段中“Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.”可知。

31.C解析:由C中的第二段“Itisnowconsideredthecenterofindustry,transportation,commerceandfinanceinthemid-westarea.”可知答案为C。

32.A解析:由文章第二段“…intheThirdWorldtowardfamilysizeandadawningrealisationthatenvironmentaldegradation…”。

33.CC解析:由上下两段看,只有C放在此处可以使上下文衔接,意思连贯。

34.AA解析:由此空的上下两段可以得到答案。上段说的如何去看人的两种方法,而后面的一段接着说的地点问题。所以这里的“dependingonwherethemeetingtakesplace.”符合句意,故应选A。

35.B解析:原文的第三段最后“Whattheydidnotknow…followedapattern—whatisreferredtoas”artificialgrammar“.Yetthereductionsinresponsetimeshowedthat…”说明了这种内在模式,也就是“artificialgrammar”,对于记忆的重要性。故应选B。

36.B解析:由B中的第二段最后几句话“Millerisorderedtotakehissquadbehindenemylinesonadangerousmissiontofindandretrieveoneman:PrivateJamesRyan.”可知。

37.A解析:由A中的第二段“…toillustratehowenvironmentalqualitycanbeincludedformallyinmeasuresofnationalincome,socialwelfareandsustainability.”可知。

38.A解析:在第三段最后一句“…oneculture-basedproducthasbeenclearedformarketinginEurope.”里出现了“cleared”一词。根据下文中“marketing”和读者有关药品上市前应该得到批准的常识,可以判断出,该词在本句中的意思是“得到官方的批准”。因此正确答案为A。

39.EE解析:第一段引出了人们对未来的担心,认为老龄化将会带来各种问题。第三段是对老龄化社会的肯定,认为这是文明发展的成果。“myth”一词含有杜撰的意思。一些人的担心是多余的。E起到承上启下的作用。

40.B解析:书评二中最后几句话提到了Stiglitz对RubinandSummers,Fischer,theNO.2officialanddefactochiefexecutiveoftheIMF的批评,“…theyhadtoomuchfaiththatmarketscouldtransform.poorcountriesovernight.Helabelsthesethreemenmarketfundamentalists”都可以看出题目中包含的信息。所以本题

41.C由全文可以看出,学生们对历史研究其实没有多大兴趣。

42.BB第一段提到“…serveuphundredsofnewbuildingsthat...”。

43.C短文赏析

孩提时代的快乐是神奇的,无穷无尽的,但是到了青少年时代,快乐就稍稍变了样子,种种烦恼开始出现,而成年之后,快乐就变得更加复杂,不再能够简单定义。作者认为,快乐应该被定义为享受的能力。我们应当能够从一切中得到乐趣,看到自己的幸福所在。每个人都有不同的快乐之源,与他人闲聊、接听电话、开快车等,都可能给不同的人带来快乐的感觉。心理学家说追求快乐应该能够放松,工作满意。作者认为,拥有金钱并不一定会带来快乐,快乐与否取决于个人对人生的态度和看待生活的方式,只有享受周围的一切才能与快乐相会。

答案解析:

文章第二段讲的是“Intheteenageyears”的事,故第三段顺理成章应讲“Inadulthood...”。

44.B短文赏析

过去的时代常常用某一种材料命名。未来的材料科学时代将迎来许多新的技术。新材料出现的关键在于研究者越来越能够在分子层次上操纵材料。科学家制造了硬度更高的抗热瓷器。同样,塑料也经历了转变。高强度塑料被用来作为建筑材料,还出现了能够发电的塑料,塑料回收再利用功能得以增强,而用塑料制成的化合物甚至被用于制造战斗头盔。由玻璃制成的电缆将电话讯号传递到全国各地。但是,新材料的影响只有制成产品才能够被看到。因此,技术的商业化将决定一个国家未来的成败。

答案解析:

由短文第一段最后一句“Exoticplastics,glassandceramicswillshapethefuturejustassurelyashavegeneticengineeringandcomputerscience.”可知,本文提到了三种新材料。

45.C由C中的howitworks中的第一条“Thiswasoriginallydevelopedinordertoprovideelectricityforsatellites,….”可知答案为C。2021-2022年湖南省长沙市公共英语五级(笔试)模拟考试(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、1.ListeningComprehension(15题)1.Whatactiondidthetramptake?He______

A.lootedthestore

B.madehimselfathome

C.wenttosleepfor2days

D.hadaChristmasparty

2.Withonlyagoodbookweareverylikelytofeellonely.

A.TrueB.Fasle

3.ThosewhovisitLondonwillcertainlygoto______.

A.theTowerofLondon

B.Harrods

C.BuckinghamPalace

D.TheGreenwichvillage

4.听力原文:Iwanttotalktodayaboutsomestudies.Theyseemtoindicatethatthereisastartlingworld-widedeclineinthenumberofamphibians,suchasfrogs,toadsandsalamanders.There'slittledoubtthatonereasonwhythenumberofamphibiansisdecliningistheirhabitatshavebeendestroyedwhenthedevelopersfillinpondsandmarshestobuildhouses.Amphibianscan'tjustmovesomewhere.Theyneedwatertolaytheireggsin.Anotherproblemisthegrowingfishindustry.Anotherrangeofpopularpoolfishsuchascarphavebeenintroducedtomanylakesandpondsallovertheworld.Raisingandsellingthesefishcanbeprofitable,butthefisheattheeggsandoffspringofamphibiansthatwerealreadylivinginthelakesandponds.Otherfactorscouldbecontributingtothedeclineincludeacidrainandthespreadofpesticideresidues.Manypesticidesthatfarmersaddedtotheircropsareeventuallywashedawaybytherainandendupinpondsandotherbodiesofwaterwhereamphibianslive.Amphibiansareespeciallyvulnerabletopesticidesdissolvedinthewaterbecauseoftheirmoistskins.Watercanpassthroughamphibiansallowingtoxinsdissolvedinthewatertoentertheamphibians'body.

Whatdoesthespeakermainlydiscuss?

A.Thedistributionofdifferentspeciesofamphibians.

B.Possiblereasonsforreductioninthenumberofamphibians.

C.Theeffectsofenvironmentalchangeonthefishindustry.

D.Guidelinesfortheresponsibleuseofpesticides.

5.WhendidtheWomen'sMovementbeginintheU.S.A.?

6.Dr.WilsonissatisfiedwithWang'spastexperience.

A.RightB.Wrong

7.Goodbookscanprovideuswithawiderangeofexperiences.

A.TrueB.Fasle

8.WhatkindofgraincouldbefoundinAmericandiet500yearsago?

9.PartA

Directions:Youwillhearatalk.Asyoulisten,answerQuestions1-10bycirclingTRUEorFALSE.YouwillhearthetalkONLYONCE.Younowhave1minutetoreadQuestions1-10.

听力原文:Everyyeartherearereportsofpeopledyingastheresultofextremelyhotweather.Manyofthevictimsareoldpersons,whoseheartsorbreathingsystemsdecline.Butmanydiefromlackofwater.

Waterisnecessaryforlifeandgoodhealth.Weoftenforgetthisfactwhenwethinkabouttheotherbuildingblocksoflifesuchasvitamins,mineralsandproteins.Wecanliveformanydayswithouteating,buttwoorthreedayswithoutwaterusuallyleadstodeath.

Thehumanbodymaylooksolid,butmostofitiswater.Newbornbabiesareasmuchas85%water.Womenareabout65%waterandmenabout75%.Womenusuallyhavelesswaterthanmenbecausewomen,ingeneral,havemorefatcells,andfatcellsholdlesswaterthanotherkindsofcells.

Waterdoesmanydifferentthingstokeepushealthy.Itcarrieshormones,antibodiesandfoodsthroughthebody,andcarriesawaywastematerials.Thatiswhydifferentpartsofthebodycontaindifferentamountsofwater.Forexample,bloodis83%water,musclesare75%water,thebrainis74%,andbonesare25%,.

Waterisalsonecessaryforcoolingthebodyunderhotweatherandwhenweareworkinghardorexercising.Watercarriesbodyheattothesurfaceoftheskin,wheretheheatislostthroughperspiration.Researcherssaycoolliquidscoolusfasterthanwarmliquids,becausecoldliquidstakeupmoreheatinsidethebodyandcarryitawayfaster.Theysay,however,thatcoldsweetdrinksdonotworkwellbecausethesugarslowstheliquidfromgettingintotheblood-stream.

Researchersalsonotethatfatcellsblockbodyheatfromescapingquickly.Fatcellsundertheskinactlikewarmclothingtokeepbodyheatinside.Thisiswhyoverweightpeoplehaveamoreeasytimestayingcoolthanthinpeople.

Thebodyloseswatereverydaythroughperspirationandurine.Ifwelosetoomuch,wewillbecomesick.A10%dropinbodywatercancausethebloodsystemtofail.A15%~20%dropusuallyleadstodeath.Toreplacewhatislost,healthexpertssaygrowingpersonsshoulddrinkabout2litersofliquidseachday,andmoreinhotweather.Theysaywecanalsogetsomeofthewaterweneedinthefoodsweeat.Mostfruitsandvegetablesaremorethan80%water.Meatsare50%~60%water.Andevenbreadisabout33%water.Watermaybeoneofthemostsimpleofallchemicalsubstances,butitisthemostimportantsubstancethatweputintoourbodies.

Waterisakindofchemicalsubstance.

A.TrueB.Fasle

10.Wherecan'tchilipeppergrowaccordingtothetalk?

11.Beforedeliveringthenewinformation,whatshouldthespeakergivehisaudience?

12.Thepossibilitiesofourliteraryexperiencesarealmostunlimited.

A.RightB.Wrong

13.WhatistheeffectoftheWomen'sMovement?

14.Accordingtothespeaker,howdosomepesticidesgetintoponds?

A.Theyareappliedtoaquaticweedsbyfishfarming.

B.Amphibiansreleasethemfromtheirskin.

C.Irresponsibledisposeoftheminponds.

D.Theyarewashedintopondsbytherain.

15.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

A.Gettingofftoworkwithaminimumefforthelpssaveone'senergy.

B.Dr.Kleimanexplainswhypeoplereachtheirpeaksatdifferenthoursofaday.

C.Habithelpsapersonadapttohisownenergycycle.

D.Childrenhaveenergycycles,too.

二、2.UseofEnglish(10题)16.(44)

17.Impatiencecharacterizesyoungintellectualworkers.Theywanttomaketheirmark【C1】______.Soit'simportanttoget【C2】______totheminachallengingmannertheidea【C3】______bigachievementsrarelycomeeasilyandquickly.Pointoutthatthelittlesuccessesareessential.Showthatthey【C4】______turnbecomethefoundationon【C5】______reputationsarebuiltandfromwhichmoreimportanttaskscanbeaccomplished.

Avarietyofjobassignments,includingjoborprojectrotation,alsokeepajob【C6】______becomingdull.Whereasit'snaturalforsomeindividualstowanttomoveaheadimmediatelytomoredifficultassignments,【C7】______properguidancetheycancontinuetolearnandtogainversatilitybyworkingonanumberofjobsthatareessentially【C8】______thesamecomplexity.Thiswaytheygainbreadth,ifnotdepth.

Probablythegreatestoffensetoguard【C9】______whendealingwithyoungerspecialistsistorejectideasoutofhand.Youmustlisten--andlistenobjectively--totheirsuggestions.Avoid【C10】______overcritical.Youwanttonurtureaninquiringmindwithafreshapproach.You'llfrustrateitquicklyifyoureverttoooften【C11】______"We'vetriedthatbeforeanditwon't【C12】______here."

Onesurewaytodisenchant【C13】______collegegraduatesisflagrantlymisusingtheirtalents.Expectthemtodosomeroutinework,ofcourse.Butdon'tmaketheir【C14】______workjustonelongseriesoferrands.Thisincludessuchbreak-inassignments【C15】______performingroutinecalculations,diggingup【C16】______material,【C17】______operatingreproductionequipment.Onelargemanufacturingcompanyrecentlyinterviewedanumberof【C18】______engineerswhohadleftthem.Thecompanyfoundthattheoverwhelmingcomplaintwasthatthecompanynotonlydidnotofferworkthat【C19】______challengingbutalsoexpected【C20】______toolittlefromtheminthewayofperformance.

【C1】

18.

【C2】

19.

【C9】

20.

【C8】

21.

【C12】

22.

【C3】

23.

【C6】

24.

【C4】

25.(42)

三、3.ReadingComprehension(15题)26.(78)

27.

Thefederalgovernmentgetsmostoftheirincomefrom______.

A.propertyaxB.incometaxC.salestaxD.estatetax

28.

______maygiveoffdangerousradioactivepollutionintotheair?

29.(79)

30.

Thearrivaloftheindustrialageinourhistoricalevolutionmeantthat______.

A.universalemploymentvirtuallyguaranteedprosperity

B.economicfreedomcamewithineveryone'scontrol

C.patternsofworkwerefundamentallychanged

D.people'sattitudestoworkhadtobereversed

31.(80)

32.

WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttheordinarypeopleintheThirdWorldcountries?

A.Theyarebeginningtorealizetheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.

B.Theybelievethatmanychildrenarenecessaryforprosperity.

C.Theyarereluctanttoacceptadvicefromthegovernment.

D.Theythinkthatearningalivingismoreimportantthannatureconservation.

33.(68)

34.(67)

35.

Byreferringtotheartificialgrammar,theauthorintendstoshow______.

A.itssignificanceinthestudy

B.aninherentpatternbeinglearnt

C.itsresemblancetothelights

D.theimportanceofanight'ssleep

36.(77)

37.(72)

38.

Theword"cleared"(Line4,Paragraph3)mightmean______.

A.permittedB.removedC.provedD.produced

39.PartB

Directions:Inthefollowingarticlesomeparagraphshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions66-70,choosethemostsuitableparagraphfromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedgaps.Thereisoneparagraphwhichdoesnotfitinany

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