2022-2023年江西省吉安市大学英语6级大学英语六级模拟考试(含答案)

2022-2023年江西省吉安市大学英语6级大学英语六级模拟考试(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Accordingtothepassage,thesuggestionsinTheOrganizedExecutiveare_______.

2.

LisaPerezwasalwaysoptimisticduringtheperiodofherunemployment.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.ACross-CulturalContext:Americans,Germans,andEnglish

TheAmericans,theGermans,andtheEnglishsharesignificantportionsofeachother'scultures,butatmanypointstheirculturesclash.Consequently,themisunderstandingsthatariseareallthemoreseriousbecausesophisticatedAmericansandEuropeanstakeprideincorrectlyinterpretingeachother'sbehavior.Culturaldifferenceswhichareoutofawarenessare,asaconsequence,usuallymisunderstoodasunskillfulness,illmanner,ortackofinterestonthepartoftheotherperson.

GermansandIntrusions

IshallneverforgetmyfirstexperiencewithGermanproxemicpatterns,whichoccurredwhenIwasanundergraduate.Mymanners,mystatus,andmyegowereattackedandcrushedbyaGermaninaninstancewherethirtyyears'residenceinthiscountryandanexcellentcommandofEnglishhadnotaffectedGermandefinitionsofintrusion.Inordertounderstandthevariousissuesthatwereatstake,itisnecessarytoreferbacktotwobasicAmericanpatternsthataretakenforgrantedinthiscountryandwhichAmericansthereforetendtotreatasuniversal.

First,intheUnitedStates,thereisacommonlyaccepted,invisibleboundaryaroundanytwoorthreepeopleinconversationwhichseparatesthemfromothers.Distancealoneservestoisolateanysuchgroupandtoprovideitwithaprotectivewallofprivacy.Normally,voicesarekeptlowtoavoidintrudingonothersandifvoicesareheard,peoplewillactasthoughtheyhadnotheard.Inthisway,privacyisgrantedwhetheritisactuallypresentornot.Thesecondpatternhastodowiththeexactpointatwhichapersonisexperiencedasactuallyhavingcrossedaboundary'andenteredaroom.TalkingthroughascreendoorwhilestandingoutsideahouseisnotconsideredbymostAmericansasbeinginsidethehouseorroom.Ifoneisstandingonthethresholdholdingthedooropenand.talkingtosomeoneinside,itisstilldefinedinformallyandexperiencedasbeingoutside.Ifoneisinanofficebuildingandjust"pokeshisheadinthedoor"ofanoffice,he'sstilloutsidetheoffice.Justholdingontothedoor-jambwhenone'sbodyisinsidetheroomstillmeansapersonisnotquiteinsidetheotherfellow'sterritory.NoneoftheseAmericanspatialdefinitionsisvalidinnorthernGermany,IneveryinstancewheretheAmericanwouldconsiderhimselfoutsidehehasalreadyenteredtheGerman'sterritoryandbydefinitionwouldbecomeinvolvedwithhim.Thefollowingexperiencebroughttheconflictbetweenthesetwopatternsintofocus.

Itwasawarmspringday.Iwasstandingonthedoorstepofaconvertedcarriagehousetalkingtoayoungwomanwholivedinanapartmentupstairs.Thefirstfloorhadbeenmadeintoanartist'sstudio.Thearrangement,however,waspeculiarbecausethesameentranceservedbothtenants.Theoccupantsoftheapartmentusedasmallentrywayandwalkedalongonewallofthestudiotoreachthestairstotheapartment.AsIstoodtalkingonthedoorstep.Iglancedtotheleftandnoticedthatsomefiftytosixtyfeetaway,insidethestudio,thePrussianartistandtwoofhisfriendswerealsoinconversation.HewasfacingsothatifheglancedtoonesideheCouldjustseeme.Ihadnotedhispresence,butnotwantingtointerrupthisconversation,IunconsciouslyappliedtheAmericanruleandassumedthatthetwoactivities--myquietconversationandhisconversation--werenotinvolvedwitheachother.AsIwassoontolearn,thiswasamistake,becauseinlesstimethanittakestotell,theartisthaddetachedhimselffromhisfriends,crossedthespacebetweenus,pushedmyfriendaside,andwitheyesflashing,startedshoutingatme.BywhatrighthadIenteredhisstudiowithoutgreetinghim?Whohadgivenmepermission?

Ifelthurtandhumiliated,andevenafteralmostthirtyyears,Ic

A.YB.NC.NG

4.

Whenthenaturallythinpeoplecan'tfindwhattheyarehungryfor,theywill______.

A.makeashoppingtrip

B.substituteanothersimilarfood

C.giveituprationally

D.trytosearchforitintheInternet

5.

Acidrainhasmadenumerouslakessoacidicthatthey______.

6.

Noisecannotonlyspoilpeople'ssleepandsanity,butalsotheirhearingandhealth.

A.YB.NC.NG

7.Forthegeneticfallacy,thereisreferencetotheindividual'spersonalabilities.

8.

AccordingtoaFTCreport,U.S.mediacorporationsaremarketingviolententertainmenttochildrenactivelyand______.

9.

Insustainablecommunities,rainwaterisregardedas______.

A.areplacementfordrinkingwater

B.afertilizertoenrichsoil

C.renewableresources

D.awasteproduct

10.

AccordingtoBoese,manypeoplebelievedthereportofSwissspaghettiharvestbecausetheBritishdidnotknow______.

11.

Therearefewgovernmentswhoarepreparedtoargueagainsttheideaofsustainabledevelopment.

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

Thepaintingprocesscanaltogetherbebrokendowninto______.

13.

ToemphasizetheimportanceofthecompetitivenessofAmericanteenagers,theauthorquotestheresultsof______ofacademicachievement.

14.Traditionalmediaoutletssuchas______maystillhoaxtheiraudiencesnowadays.

15.

Theauthorsteppedoutoftheliftat______.

16.

Dihydrogenmonoxideisaverydangerouschemical,whichisoftenusedasanindustrialsolvent.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.MostofAntarcticaappearstobeimmunetothebigmeltfornowbecauseit'slargelyinsulatedfromglobaltrendsandit'ssobigastogenerate______.

18.Whichoneisnotthereasonwhylow-incomepeoplewhohavehealthinsurancecan'tgetmedicalcare?

A.Itisveryinconvenientforthemtoseethedoctor.

B.Healthinsurancedoesnotbringthemanybenefit.

C.Theyhaveseveraljobsanddon'thavetimetoseethedoctor.

D.Medicalserviceisalmostunavailableintheirneighborhood.

19.

Medicalmarketinghasmanyforms,suchasTVcampaigns,______.

20.What'ssomysteriousaboutbackproblems?

A.Theimpossibilitytomeasuretheintensityofthepain.

B.Theunknownoriginofthepain.

C.Thedisconnectbetweenspinedefectsandpain.

D.Thelowpercentageofpeoplewithabnormaldiscsamongthehealthy.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：I'dliketosharewithyoutodaymyexperiencewithanewapproachtobuildingahouse.It'scalledEnvelopBuilding.Essentially,whatitmeansisthatasyouarebuildingahouse,youtrytoleavethelandscapefeatureontheland,especiallythevegetationintheoriginalcondition.Sowhatyouarenotdoingistheusualpracticeofland-scraping.BywhichImeanliterallyscrapingorcleaningthelandofanyandalltheoriginalplants.WhyistheapproachcalledEnvelopBuilding?Becauseinsteadofclearingeverythingaway,youletyouroriginallandscapeelementsenveloporsurroundyourhouse.Letthevegetationphysicalfeaturessuchashillsandslopesorinterestingrockformations,constitutedasignificantpartofthecharacterofthebraidingsight.Thedesignofthehouseshouldtakethesefeaturesofthepropertyintoaccount.Actuallyintegratingyouroriginalwildlandscapewithahouseisnotthatnew.ThefamousAmericanarchitectWrightwasdoingitabout65yearsago,Soweareingoodcompany.EnvelopBuildingisnotaseasyasitsoundsthough.It'snotjustthatyoubuildyourhouseandleavethelandalone.Bybuilding,youarealreadydamagingtheoriginallandscape.Butasarchitects,weshouldtrytoworkwithenvironment,notagainstit.Acreativearchitectcanfindwaystoincorporatenaturallandscapeintotheoveralldesign.Forexample,Wrightusedthemassivebouldersonthesideofoneofthemostfamoushousesaspartofthehousefoundation.

(27)

A.Eliminatingtheoriginalvegetationfromthebuildingsite.

B.Markingthehousesinanareasimilartooneanother.

C.Decidingwhereahousewillbebuilt.

D.Surroundingabuildingwithwildflowersandplants.

22.【B7】

23.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：WhoisthemostimportantpersonintheUnitedStates?SomeonewillsayThomasJefferson,somewillsayWashingtonandIbelievemostpeoplewillsayit'sBenjaminFranklin.

Oftencalled"thefirstAmerican"and"thelastuniversalman",BenjaminFranklin'slifecoveredmostoftheeighteenthcentury--(26)from1706to1790.HewasAmerica'sfirstgreatscientistandengineerandanauthorandphilosopherofrarewit.Hewasoneofthefirstsupportersofthefederalsystemofgovernmentandoneofthegreateducationalpioneersofhisday.Hewasasuccessfulbusinessman,abelieverinfreeenterprise,andastatesmananddiplomat.Hetrulyseemedabletodoalmosteverything.

Alwayscurious,Franklinlookedforeasierandbetterwaystodothings.Heinventedanopenstovewhichgavemoreheatandwastedlessfuelthanafireplace.Itisstillusedinmanyplacestoday.(27)Healsomadethefirstpairofbifocalglassesandinventedamusicalinstrumentcalledtheharmonicaandthestepladderchair.

(28)Franklinwasespeciallyfamousasanearlyexperimenterinelectricity.OnaJunedayin1752,duringathunderstorm,heflewasilkenkiteupintothestormysky.Asablackcloudsweptacrossthekite,akeyattachedtothekitestringbecamechargedwithelectricity.Thus,heprovedthatlightningandelectricityarethesame.Usingthisknowledge,heinventedthelightningrodwhichtodayprotectsmillionsofbuildingsfromlightning.

(27)

A.TheWorldWarII.

B.TheWorldWarI.

C.TheAmericanRevolution.

D.TheIndustrialRevolutionofBritain.

24.听力原文：M:Itrynotto.Idon'tlikepicturesofpeoplewhoposeforthecamera.Illkepeoplewhoaregoingabouttheirdailybusinesswithoutbeingawareofthecamera.

Q:Whataretheytalkingabout?

(16)

A.Doingbusiness.

B.Takingpictures.

C.Buyingcameras.

D.Makingmovies.

25.听力原文：M:HelenandIarethinkingofrentingahouseatthebeachinJune.Areyouinterested?

W:June?Iguessitischeaperthen,butdoyoureallythinkitwillbewarmenough?

Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(14)

A.She'sveryinterestedintheidea.

B.Shethinkstheyshouldinvitemorepeople.

C.Shecan'taffordaholidayinJune.

D.She'sdoubtfulabouttheweatherinJune.

26.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

听力原文：Asuperstar(36)usuallyissomeonewhohasbecomefamousinsports,orfilms,orpopularmusic,someonelikeMichaelJackson.Inthemiddlenineteen(37)eighties,MichaelJacksonmadearecord(38)albumcalledThriller.Itquicklybecamethemostpopular(39)recordinginthehistoryofmusic,anditmadeMichaelJacksonasuperstar.Theword"super"meanssomethingthatis(40)extremelygood.Andofcourse,astarmeansapersonwhois(41)famous.Sopeopleuse"superstar"to(42)describethetoppeopleinsports,(43)actingandmusic.

OneofthemostfamoussportssuperstarsintheUnitedStateswasaboxernamedMuhammadAli.(44)Asayoungman,MuhammadAliwonagoldmedalintheOlympicsasaboxer.

Thenhebecametheheavy-weightboxingchampionoftheworld.(45)Beforelong,hewasknownasoneofthemostfamousboxersinsportshistory.

theUnitedStates.Hewasatruesuperstar.Everyoneknowshisname.

(46)Butlikethestarsinthesky,asuperstarfadesfromthesightastimepasses,manyyoungpeople,forexample,knowlittleaboutMuhammadAlithesedays.Superstarsarelovedbymillionsofpeopletoday,butforgottentomorrow.

Asuperstar【B1】______issomeonewhohasbecomefamousinsports,orfilms,orpopularmusic,someonelikeMichaelJackson.Inthemiddlenineteen【B2】______,MichaelJacksonmadearecord【B3】______calledThriller.Itquicklybecamethemostpopular【B4】______inthehistoryofmusic,anditmadeMichaelJacksonasuperstar.Theword"super"meanssomethingthatis【B5】______good.Andofcourse,astarmeansapersonwhois【B6】______.Sopeopleuse"superstar"to【B7】______thetoppeopleinsports,【B8】______andmusic.

OneofthemostfamoussportssuperstarsintheUnitedStateswasaboxernamedMuhammadAli.【B9】___________________________________

Thenhebecametheheavy-weightboxingchampionoftheworld.【B10】_____________________MuhammadAliclaimedwhenhebecametheworldchampionthathewasmorefamousthanthePresidentoftheUnitedStates.Hewasatruesuperstar.Everyoneknowshisname.

【B11】______________________________.Superstarsarelovedbymillionsofpeopletoday,butforgottentomorrow.

【B1】

27.(34)

A.Studentsarelessinterestedinthetopics.

B.Mostcoursesforseniorstudentsaregivenonaone-to-onebasis.

C.Thesizeoflectureclassesshouldn'thavebeenthatlarge.

D.Therearemorechoicesavailableforstudents.

28.听力原文：F:Hi,Rex.How'syourhistorypapergoing?

M:It'scomingalong.ButI'vebeenstaringatthiscomputerscreenforhoursandmyeyeshurt.

F:Yeah,doingthatcanmakeyoureyesfeelreallydryandtired.Youshouldtakeabreak.

M:Ican'tIhavetogetthispaperwritten.It'sduetomorrow.

F:Youknow,Ireadaboutcomputersandeyeproblemsrecently.Thearticlesaysthattheyareusuallycausedbynotblinkingyoureyesenough.

M:Blinking?IthoughtIjustneedednewglasses.

F:Whenyoublink,themovementofclosingandopeningyoureyes,eventhoughithappensreallyfast,helpsmoistenyoureyes.It'sthelackofmoisturethatcausestheproblem.

M:Oh,thatmakessense.Butwhatdoesithavetodowiththecomputer?

F:Peoplewhousecomputerstendtostareatthemonitorandblinklessoftenthantheynormallywould.Thatleadstodryirritatedeyes.

M:Well,hopethisnewscanhelpmyeyesnow.Theyreallyhurt.

F:ThearticleIreadaboutofficeworkersfoundthattheworkersaveraged22blinksaminutewhenrelaxed,butjust7aminutewhilelookingattextonacomputerscreen.

M:Wow,that'squiteadifference.

F:Theyalsokepttheireyesopenwider,whichmeansthatmoistureevaporatedmorequickly.

M:Iwonderifusingsomekindofeyedropswouldmakethemfeelbetter.

F:Thatmighthelp.Butthebestprescriptionistotakeabreakandrestyoureyes.

M:Ok.Let'sgotogetsomecoffee.Icanfinishthislatertonight.

(20)

A.Problemsthemanhasencounteredwhenwritinghishistorypaper.

B.Theman'sbrokencomputer.

C.Thereasonwhystaringatcomputerscreenmakeseyeshurt.

D.Thewoman'sarticleonthenewspaperabouteyes.

29.(35)

A.Warsornaturaldisastersmakethemlosetheirfamilies.

B.Theywanttohelptheirfamiliesearnenoughmoneytosurvive.

C.Theyarepoor.

D.Alltheabove.

30.

【B7】

31.(18)

A.HemustchangetheflightatJacksonville.

B.HehastochangetheflightatAlbany.

C.Hewillflyfortwohours.

D.Hewillflydirectlytohisdestination.

32.听力原文：Thereareagreatmanycareersinwhichtheincreasingemphasisisonspecialization.Youfindthesecareersinengineering,inproduction,andinteaching.Butthereisanincreasingdemandforpeoplewhoareabletotakeinagreatareaataglance,peoplewhoperhapsdonotknowtoomuchaboutanyonefield.Thereis,inotherwords,ademandforpeoplewhoarecapableofseeingtheforestratherthanthetrees,ofmakinggeneraljudgements.Wecancallthesepeople"generalists".

Thespecialistunderstandsonefield;hisconcerniswithtechniqueandtools.Heisa"trained"man;andhiseducationalbackgroundisprobablytechnicalorprofessional.Thegeneralistdealswithpeople;hisconcerniswithleadership,withplanning,andwithdirectiongiving.Heisan"educated"man;andthehumanitiesarehisstrongestfoundation.Veryrarelyisaspecialistcapableofbeinganadministrator.Andveryrarelyisagoodgeneralistalsoagoodspecialistinaparticularfield.Itisyourtasktofindout,duringyourtrainingperiod,intowhichofthetwokindsofjobsyoufit,andtoplanyourcareeraccordingly.

Yourfirstjobmayturnouttobetherightjobforyou—butthisispureaccident.Certainlyyoushouldnotchangejobsconstantlyorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofyourabilitytoholdanyjob.Atthesametimeyoumustnotlookuponthefirstjobasthefinaljob;itisprimarilyatrainingjob,anopportunitytounderstandyourselfandyourfitnessforbeinganemployee.

(33)

A.Beingabletodothefieldwork.

B.Specializinginonearea.

C.Knowinglargeareasgenerally.

D.Beingconcernedaboutenvironmentalproblems.

33.(22)

A.Becausetheydon'tgetmuchpracticewiththem.

B.Becausetheyoftenusethemintheirwork.

C.Becausetheyhavetopassatest.

D.Becausetheyplantobecomedoctors.

34.听力原文：W:NowMr.Gates,letscontinueourtalkaboutyourproposalaboutthewasterecyclingproject.

M:Well,(23)it'sarathersimpleprojectatthebeginning.Itwouldconsistofonlyoneproductionline,butwecouldexpanditafterwards.

W:Howmuchisthefinancialinvestment?

M:Includingloans?IwouldsayintheareaoftwomillionUSdollars.

W:Isee.

M:Howmuchwouldyouliketoinvestinthisproject?

W:(24)Asageneralpracticewelayout51percentoftheoverallinvestment.Thisincludes,ofcourse,capital,factory,buildingsandequipments,thingslikethat.

M:Thatseemsreasonable.Nowlet'scometothetimeframe.Howlongdoestheventurerun?

W:Howlongwouldyouwant?

M:Asit'sasmallventure,Iwouldsuggest5yearstostartwith.

W:Thecontractisrenewableandcanbeextendedifbothsidesagreed.

M:Howlongdotheboardmembersserve?

W:IwouldsayFiveyears.

M:(25)Thechairmanwouldbethelegalrepresentative.

W:Yes.Amanagementofficewouldbebroughtforthandwouldberesponsibleforthedaytodayrunningofthejointventure.Sofarasthemanagementisconcerned,youmightappointthemanagerandthechiefengineeroftheproject.Andwemightappointtheirdeputies.

M:Ok,soundsgood.

(20)

A.Theproductioncost.

B.Thefinancialoutlay.

C.Thebankloans.

D.Theproductionline.

35.听力原文：W:Thishasbeentheworstfloodforthepast20years.Ithascausedmuchdamageanddestruction.Allsectorssufferedalotfromthishugedisaster.

M:Lookatthepricesoffruitsandvegetables.Nowondertheyaresoexpensive.

Q:Whataretheytalkingabout?

(13)

A.Theeffectsoftheflood.

B.Thepricesoffruitsandvegetables.

C.Thecauseoftheflood.

D.Floodsofthepasttwentyyears.

36.(43)

37.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：M:It'salwayssohotandhumidinhere.

W:That'sbecausetherearesomanyplantsandwindows.

Q:Wheredidthisconversationmostlikelytakeplace?

(12)

A.Inafactory.

B.Inaflowershop.

C.Inaheatingplant.

D.Inalockedroom.

38.(31)

A.Afterheboughthisownprintshop.

B.Afterhesignedsomehistoricdocuments.

C.Whenheinventedthelightningrod.

D.WhenPennsylvaniaGazettebecamesuccessful.

39.(24)

A.Achievingmuchbetterresults.

B.Changingthetechnologytheyuse.

C.Makingherstaffacceptknowledgemanagementpractices.

D.ImplementingKnowledgeManagementstrategiesherself.

40.

【B3】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

Whatwillbetheresultofamoreenvironmentallymindednewpresidentbeintheplace?

A.Thecarindustrywillbebenefitedmostandwillbemoreprofitable.

B.Thecongresswillplaylessimportantroleinregulatingemissions.

C.The40-year-oldlawtheCleanAirActwillbeabolished.

D.ThedisputewhetherCO2wasanairpollutantwillbesettled.

42.Naturallytheyoungaremoreinclinedtonoveltythantheireldersanditisintheirspeech,asitalwayswas,thatmostofthevocabularychangesoriginate.ButlisteningcriticallytotheirtalkIhearhardlymynewwords.Itisallamatterofusingoldwordsinanewwayandthencopyingeachotherastheywishtospeakdifferentlyfromtheirparents.Theywantevenmoretospeaklikepeopleoftheirownage.Anewusageoncetooktimetospread,butnowapopstarcanflashitacrosstheworldinhours.

Ofcourse,itisnotonlytheyoungwholiketousethelatestin-word.Whiletheyaredescribingtheiridolsassmashing,great,orcosmic(宇宙的),theirparentsandthemorediscriminatingoftheyoungersetarealsogropingforwordsofpraisethatareatonceaptandfashionable.However,theirchoiceofsplendid,brilliant,fantasticandsoonwillinturnbeslightlydimmedbyover-useandneedreplacement.

Magicisathemethathasregularlysuppliedwordsofpraise(andthechoicemustbetraysomethinginournature).Charming,entrancingandenchantingareallbasedonit.Soalsoismarvelous,whichhasbeenusedsomuchthatsomeofitsmagichasfadedwhileamongteenagerswizardhasagreatrun.Anotherofthisgroup,thoughyoumightnotthinkit,isglamorous(迷人的),whichwasallthefashioninthegreatdaysofHollywood.GlamourwasaScottishdialectform.of"grammar",whichitselfwasanoldwordforenchantment(Grammarmeansthestudyofwords,andwordshavealwaysbeenattheheartofmagic).Thechangefrom"r"to"l"mayhavecomeaboutthroughtheassociationwithwordslikegleaningandglittering.

Onthewhole,whenanewwordtakesovertheoldonesremain,weakenedbutstillinuse,sothatthetotalstockincreasesallthetime.Butsomethatstartonlyasslangandneverriseabovethatclasscandisappearcompletely."Didyoureallysayrippingwhenyouwereyoung?"mygranddaughteraskedme,ratherthanaskingifIeverworeasuitofamour.OfcourseIdidanditwasnosillierthansmashing,whichsomeofhercontemporariesarestillsaying.

Whatdoyoungpeopleliketodointheirspeech?

A.Inventwordsthatolderpeoplecannotunderstand.

B.Usewordsinventedbypopstars.

C.Givewordsnewmeaningstomisleadtheirparents.

D.Copythespeechoftheircontemporaries.

43.

【C2】

44.Man,eveninthelowerstagesofdevelopment,possessesafacultywhich,forwantofabettername,IshallcallNumberSense.Thisfacultypermitshimtorecognizethatsomethinghaschangedinasmallcollectionwhen,withouthisdirectknowledge,anobjecthasbeenremovedfromoraddedtothecollection.

Numbersenseshouldnotbeconfusedwithcounting,whichinvolvesaratherintricatementalprocess.Counting,sofarasweknow,isanattributeexclusivelyhuman,whereassomeanimalspeciesseemtopossessanelementarynumbersensesimilartoourown.Atleast,suchistheopinionofcompetentobserversofanimalbehavior,andthetheoryissupportedbyaweightynassofevidence.

Manybirds,forinstance,possesssuchanumbersense,Ifanestcontainsfoureggs,onecansafelybetaken;butwhentwoareremoved,thebirdgenerallydeserts.Insomeunaccountablewaythebirdcandistinguishtwofromthree.Butthisfacultyisbynomeansconfinedtobirds,moststrikinginstanceweknowisthatoftheinsectcalledthe"solitarywasp."Themotherwasplayshereggsinindividualcellsandprovideseacheggwithanumberoflivecaterpillares(毛虫)onwhichtheyoungfeedwhenhatched.Now,thenumberofvictimsisremarkablyconstantforagivenspeciesofwasp.Somespeciesprovide5,others,12,othersagainashighas24caterpillarspercell.ButmostremarkableisthecaseoftheGenusEumenus,avarietyinwhichthemaleismuchsmallerthanthefemale.Insomemysteriouswaythemotherknowswhethertheeggwillproduceamaleorafemalcanddividethequantityoffoodaccordingly;shedoesnotchangethespeciesorsizeoftheprey,butiftheeggismale,shesuppliesitwithfivevictims;iffemale,withteem.

Theregularityintheactionofthewaspmakesthislastcaselessconvincingthantheonewhichfollows.Heretheactionofthebirdseemstoborderontheconscious.

Alandownerwasdeterminedtoshootacrewwhichmadeitsnestinthewatchtowerofhisestate.Repeatedlyhetriedtosurprisethebird.Butinvain:attheapproachofmanthecrowwouldleaveitsnest.Fromadistanttreeitwouldwatchfullywaituntilthemanhadleftthetowerandthenreturntoitsnest.Onedaythelandownerhituponanidea:twomenenteredthetower,oneremainedwithin,theothercameoutandwenton.Butthebirdwasnotdeceived:itkeptawayuntilthemanwithincameout.Theexperimentwasrepeatedonthesucceedingdayswithtwo,three,thenfourmen,yetwithoutsuccess.Finally,fivemenweresent:asbefore,allenteredthetower,andoneremainedwhiletheotherfourcameoutandwentaway.Herethecrowlostcount.Unabletodistinguishbetweenfourandfive,itpromptlyreturnedtoitsnest.

Themainideaofthispassageisthat______.

A.man'selementarynumbersenseisfoundinlowerspecies

B.birdshavealimitednumbersense

C.animalscannotcount

D.numbersenseisaprimitiveform.ofcounting

45.

Theunderlinedphraseinthefirstparagraph"pillpoppers"mostprobablyrefersto______.

A.pillinventors

B.pilltakersandabusers

C.pillmanufacturers

D.pilldistributors

46.

Accordingtothepassage,roadaccidentsinEuropearemainlycausedby______.

A.driversfallingasleepatthewheel

B.long-distancelorrydriving

C.ca