语言学导论智慧树知到答案章节测试2023年潍坊学院

第一章测试Whichofthefollowingpropertyoflanguageenableslanguageuserstoovercomethebarrierscausedbytimeandplace,duetothisfeatureoflanguage,speakersofalanguagearefreetotalkaboutanythinginanysituation?（）

A:Transferability

B:Arbitrariness

C:Duality.

D:Displacement

答案:ADualityisoneofthecharacteristicsofhumanlanguage.ItreferstothefactthatLanguagehastwolevelsofstructures:thesystemofsoundsandthesystemofmeanings.（）

A:对

B:错

答案:ATheinformativefunctionispredominantlythemajorroleoflanguage,itisalsocalled_________functionintheframeworkoffunctionalgrammar.（）

A:descriptive

B:textual

C:ideational

D:prescriptive

答案:CAccordingtoF.deSaussure,_____referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunity.（）

A:Parole

B:Performance

C:Language

D:Langue

答案:DLangueisrelativelystableandsystematicwhileparoleissubjecttopersonalandsituationalconstraints.（）

A:对

B:错

答案:A_____isrealizedbymoodandmodality.（）

A:Recreationalfunction

B:Informativefunction

C:Interpersonalfunction

D:Performativefunction

答案:CWhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofJacobson’sframeworkoflanguagefunctions?（）

A:Theconativefunctionistoclearupintentions,wordsandmeanings

B:Thephaticfunctionistoestablishcommunionwithothers

C:Theemotivefunctionistoconveymessageandinformation

D:Thereferentialfunctionistoindulgeinlanguageforitsownsake

答案:BOnomatopoeicwordscanshowthearbitrarynatureoflanguage.（）

A:对

B:错

答案:BCompetenceandperformancereferrespectivelytoalanguageuser’sunderlyingknowledgeaboutthesystemofrulesandtheactualuseoflanguageinconcretesituations.（）

A:错

B:对

答案:BArbitrarinessoflanguagemakesitpotentiallycreative,andconventionalityoflanguagemakesalanguagebepassedfromgenerationtogeneration.Asaforeignlanguagelearner,thelatterisimportantforus.（）

A:错

B:对

答案:B第二章测试Oftheconsonants/p/,/t/,/k/,/f/,/m/,/z/and/g/,whichhasthefeaturesofvoicelessandvelar?（）

A:/k/

B:/t/

C:/p/

D:/g/

答案:AAsoundwhichiscapableofdistinguishingonewordoroneshapeofwordfromanotherinagivenlanguageisa_______.（）

A:allophone

B:phoneme

C:phone

答案:BWhichofthefollowingCANNOTbeconsideredasminimalpair?（）

A:/aɪ/-/ɔɪ/

B:/p/-/b/

C:/s/-/θ/

答案:C_______isoneofthesuprasegmentalfeatures.（）

A:Deletion

B:Stop

C:Tone

D:Voicing

答案:CClassificationofEnglishspeechsoundsintermsofmannerofarticulationinvolvesthefollowingEXCEPT_______.（）

A:Lateral

B:Bilabial

C:Affricates

D:fricatives

答案:BAnaspiratedp,anunaspiratedpandanunreleasedpare_______ofthepphoneme.（）

A:morphemes

B:tagmemes

C:Allophones

D:analogues

答案:CConventionallya_______isputinslashes.（）

A:phoneme

B:allophone

C:morpheme

D:phone

答案:AWhichoneisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtomannersofarticulation?（）

A:[z]

B:[w]

C:[f]

D:[v]

答案:BWhichoneisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtoplacesofarticulation?（）

A:[n]

B:[b]

C:[p]

D:[m]

答案:AWhichofthefollowingisthecorrectdescriptionof[v]?（）

A:voicelesslabiodentalfricative

B:voicelesslabiodentalstop

C:voicedlabiodentalfricative

D:voicedlabiodentalstop

答案:C第三章测试Intermsof______,wordscanbedividedintoclosed-classwordsandopen-classwords.（）

A:variability

B:meaning

C:membership

D:quality

答案:CWordslikepronouns,prepositions,conjunctions,articlesare______items.（）

A:neitheropen-classnorclosed-class

B:open-class

C:closed-class

答案:CBoundmorphemesdonotinclude.（）

A:Prefixes

B:Roots

C:Suffixes

D:Words

答案:D______referstothewayinwhichaparticularverbchangesfortense,person,ornumber.（）

A:Affixation

B:Conjugation

C:Derivation

D:Inflection

答案:DWhichtwotermscanbestdescribethefollowingpairsofwords:table—tables,day＋break—daybreak.（）

A:inflectionandderivation

B:inflectionandcompound

C:compoundandderivation

答案:BWhichofthefollowingwordsareformedbyblending?（）

A:Television

B:Bunch

C:Smog

D:Girlfriend

答案:CAprefixisanaffixwhichappears______.（）

A:beforethestem

B:belowthestem

C:inthemiddleofthestem

D:afterthestem

答案:ANouns,verbs,adjectivesandmanyadverbsarecontentwords.（）

A:对

B:错

答案:APronouns,prepositions,conjunctionsandarticlesareallopenclassitems.（）

A:对

B:错

答案:BFreemorphememayconstitutewordsbythemselves.（）

A:对

B:错

答案:A第四章测试_______refertotherelationshipthatlinguisticunitshavewithotherunitsbecausetheymayoccurtogetherinasentence.（）

A:Paratacticrelations

B:Hypotacticrelations

C:Syntagmaticrelations

D:Paradigmaticrelations

答案:CThephrase“ontheshelf”belongsto_______construction.（）

A:exocentric

B:endocentric

C:Coordinate

D:Subordinate

答案:A______referstoconstructionwhereoneclauseiscoordinatedorconjoinedwithanother.（）

A:Embedding

B:Concord

C:Conjoining

D:Government

答案:CICanalysiscanbeusedtoanalyzeallkindsofambiguousstructures.（）

A:对

B:错

答案:B__________isconcernedwiththeinternalorganizationofwords.（）

A:Syntax

B:Semantics

C:Morphology

D:Pragmatics

答案:ATransformationalGenerativeGrammarwasintroducedby_______in1957.（）

A:M·A·K·Halliday

B:N·Chomsky

C:F·Saussure

D:L·Bloomfield

答案:BPredicationanalysisisawaytoanalyze_______meaning.（）

A:phoneme

B:word

C:phrase

D:sentence

答案:DAsentenceisconsidered_______whenitdoesnotconformtothegrammaticalknowledgeinthemindofnativespeakers.（）

A:wrong

B:right

C:ungrammatical

D:grammatical

答案:APhrasestructurerulesallowustobetterunderstand_______.（）

A:whatconstitutesthegrammaticalityofstringsofwords

B:howpeopleproduceandrecognizepossiblesentences

C:howwordsandphrasesformsentences

D:alloftheotheranswers

答案:DPhrasestructureruleshave

properties.（）

A:Recursive

B:functional

C:grammatical

D:social

答案:A第五章测试“Weshallknowawordbythecompanyitkeeps.”Thisstatementrepresents___.（）

A:contexutalism

B:thenamingtheory

C:behaviorism

D:theconceptualistview

答案:A_______isawayinwhichthemeaningofawordcanbedissectedintomeaningcomponents,calledsemanticfeatures.（）

A:Componentialanalysis

B:Grammaticalanalysis

C:Phonemicanalysis

D:Predicationanalysis

答案:AThegrammaticalityofasentenceisgovernedby_______.（）

A:semanticfeatures

B:grammaticalrules

C:semanticrules

D:selectionalrestrictions

答案:BWordswhichhavedifferentmeaningsbutarewrittendifferentlyandsoundalikearecalledhyponyms.（）

A:错

B:对

答案:AInasentenserelationofhyponymy,asuperordinateentailsallhyponyms.（）

A:错

B:对

答案:BIncomponentialanalysis,_______beanalyzedintoHUMAN,ADULTandMALE.（）

A:boy

B:woman

C:man

D:girl

答案:CComponentialanalysisisawaytoanalyze_______meaning.（）

A:word

B:phrase

C:phoneme

D:sentence

答案:ATherelationshipbetween“flower”and“rose”is_______.（）

A:homonymy

B:superordinate

C:relationalopposites

D:hyponymy

答案:DSynonymyisthetechnicalnameforthesamenessrelation.（）

A:错

B:对

答案:BConverseoppositesarepairsofwordsthatexhibitthereveralofarelationshipbetweenthetwoitems.（）

A:对

B:错

答案:A第六章测试Promising,undertaking,vowingarethemosttypicalofthe_______.（）

A:expressives

B:directives

C:commissives

D:declarations

答案:CWhatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaning_________isconsidereD.（）

A:context

B:practicalusage

C:speechact

D:reference

答案:AAsentenceisa_________concept,andthemeaningofasentenceisoftenstudiedinisolation.（）

A:conceptual

B:pragmatic

C:mental

D:grammatical

答案:DWhichofthefollowingistrue?（）

A:Someutterancescannotberestoredtocompletesentences.

B:Utterancesusuallydonottaketheformofsentences.

C:Allutterancescanberestoredtocompletesentences.

D:Noutterancescantaketheformofsentences.

答案:AAccordingtoSearle,theillocutionarypointoftherepresentativeis______.（）

A:togetthehearertodosomething

B:toexpressthefeelingsorattitudetowardsanexistingstateofaffairs

C:tocommitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofaction

D:tocommitthespeakertosomething’sbeingthecase

答案:DAlltheactsthatbelongtothesamecategorysharethesamepurpose,buttheydiffer_________.（）

A:intheirstrengthorforce

B:Ibntheirintentionsexpressed

C:intheireffectbroughtabout

D:intheirillocutionaryacts

答案:A_________isadvancedbyPaulGrice.（）

A:CooperativePrinciple

B:PolitenessPrinciple

C:AdjacencyPrinciple

D:TheGeneralPrincipleofUniversalGrammar

答案:APragmaticstreatsthemeaningoflanguageassomethingintrinsicandinherent.（）

A:错

B:对

答案:AItwouldbeimpossibletogiveanadequatedescriptionofmeaningifthecontextoflanguageusewasleftunconsidered.（）

A:错

B:对

答案:BWhatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaningthecontextofuseisconsidered.（）

A:对

B:错

答案:A第七章测试isdefinedasanyregionallyorsociallydefinablehumangroupidentifiedbysharedlinguisticsystem.（）

A:Arace

B:Asociety

C:Acountry

D:Aspeechcommunity

答案:D_______isacasualuseoflanguagethatconsistsofexpressivebutnonstandardvocabulary,typicallyofaibitrary,flashyandoftenephemeralcoinagesandfiguresofspeech.（）

A:Languagetaboo

B:Slang

C:Registervariety

D:Addressterms

答案:BInaspeechcommunitypeoplehavesomethingincommon_______–alanguageoraparticularvarietyoflanguageandrulesforusingit.（）

A:cultu