2022-2023年山西省太原市大学英语6级大学英语六级模拟考试(含答案)

2022-2023年山西省太原市大学英语6级大学英语六级模拟考试(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Whatkindofanimalaffectedbyman-madechemicalsisnotreferredinthepassage?

A.Polarbears.B.People.C.Mammals.D.Birds.

2.

Majordepressionsseemtooccuronlytopeoplewhohaveafamilyhistoryofdepression.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.AccordingtoanewTIMEpoll,whatmaybeoneofthereasonsthatAmericansprefertobuyorganicfoodantenergy-efficientlightbulbs?

A.Theseproductsarecheaperandmorepersuasive.

B.Theyareabidingbyakindofnewcontract.

C.Themanufactureroftheproductsurgesthemtobuy.

D.Buyingsuchproductshasbecomeavogue.

4.Anunemployedpersoniseligibleforunemploymentcompensationontheconditionthat______.

A.heisinunemploymentformorethan26weeks

B.hislivingstandardisbelowthepovertyline

C.heislaidoffnotduetohisownfault

D.hedoesn'treceiveseverancepackage

5.TheInternetmayberedefiningthewaythatstudents______.

A.learnhowtoexchangeunlimitedonlineinformation

B.haveagoodcommandofcopyingandpasting

C.cometoknowmusicfile-sharingandWeb-linking

D.understandtheconceptofauthorshipandsingularity

6.

BernicediscardedthemealsdeliveredbyMealsonWheels,believing______.

7.

Eachfederalurbansearch-and-rescuetaskforceismadeupofatleast60members.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

Theissueofperformers'ethicshasalwaysbeentoleratedby______.

9.

AccordingtotheUSDA,______tendtobereducedinOrganicfoodproduction.

10.

It'ssaferforyoutofishoutandholdthecardinhandbefore______.

11.

AlotofexperimentsconductedbytheUKgovernmentprovethattheappearanceof______.

12.

______,artificialdiscoperationisconsideredabetteroptionthanthetraditionalfusionsurgery.

A.Givingpatientsgreatermobilityandquickerrecovery

B.Suitableforeveryback-painsufferers

C.Beinglessinvasiveandcostly

D.Withfewerpost-operationsideeffects

13.

BesidesSanFrancisco,______isalsoFrechtling'sfavoritecitytovisit.

14.

Moderncivilizationsareasdependentontreesas______.

15.Insustainablecommunities,rainwaterisregardedas______.

A.areplacementfordrinkingwater

B.afertilizertoenrichsoil

C.renewableresources

D.awasteproduct

16.

The"WildGoose",whichwasbeingtowed,wassuddenlycoveredbyamistandpulledunderwater.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.Pollution:ALifeandDeathIssue

OneofthemainthemesofPlanetunderPressureisthewaymanyoftheEarth'senvironmentalcrisesreinforceoneanother.Pollutionisanobviousexample-wedonothavetheoptionofgrowingfood,orfindingenoughwater,onasqueaky-cleanplanet,butononeincreasinglytarnishedandtrashedbythewaywehaveuseditsofar.

Cuttingwasteandclearinguppollutioncostmoney.Yettimeandagainitisthequestforwealththatgeneratesmuchofthemessinthefirstplace.LivinginawaythatislessdamagingtotheEarthisnoteasy,butitisvital,becausepollutionispervasiveandoftenlife-threatening.

Air:theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)saysthreemillionpeoplearekilledworldwidebyoutdoorairpollutionannuallyfromvehiclesandindustrialemissions,and1.6millionindoorsthroughusingsolidfuel.Mostareinpoorcountries.

Water:diseasescarriedinwaterareresponsiblefor80%ofillnessesanddeathsindevelopingcountries,killingachildeveryeightseconds.Eachyear2.1millionpeoplediefromdiarrhoeal(痢疾的)diseasesassociatedwithpoorwater.

Soil:contaminatedlandisaprobleminindustrializedcountries,whereformerfactoriesandpowerstationscanleavewastelikeheavymetalsinthesoil.Itcanalsooccurindevelopingcountries,sometimesusedfordumpingpesticides.Agriculturecanpollutelandwithpesticides,nitrate-richfertilizersandslurryfromlivestock.Andwhenthecontaminationreachesriversitdamageslifethere,andcanevencreatedeadzonesoffthecoast,asintheGulfofMexico.

ChronicProblem

Chemicalsareafrequentpollutant.WhenwethinkofchemicalcontaminationitisoftenimagesofeventslikeBhopalthatcometomind.Buttheproblemiswidespread.Onestudysays7-20%ofcancersareattributabletopoorairandpollutioninhomesandworkplaces.TheWHO,concernedaboutchemicalsthatpersistandbuildupinthebody,especiallyintheyoung,sayswemay"beconductingalarge-scaleexperimentwithchildren'shealth".

Someman-madechemicals,endocrine(内分泌)disruptorslikephthalates(酞酸盐)andnonylphenol-abreakdownproductofspermicides(杀精子剂),cosmeticsanddetergents-areblamedforcausingchangesinthegenitals,ofsomeanimals.Affectedspeciesincludepolarbears-sonoteventheArcticisimmune.Andthechemicalsclimbthefoodchain,fromfishtomammals,andtous.

About70,000chemicalsareonthemarket,witharound1,500newonesappearingannually.Atleast30,000arethoughtnevertohavebeencomprehensivelytestedfortheirpossibleriskstopeople.

Atfirstglance,theplasticbucketsstackedinthecomeroftheenvironmentalNGOofficelooklikeanyothers.Butthecontainersareanunlikelyweaponinonepoorcommunity'sfightagainstoilcompanieswhichtheysayareresponsibleforwidespreadill-healthcausedbyyearsofpollution.Thevesselsareusedbyanetworkoflocalvolunteers,knownastheBucketBrigade,togatherairsamplesinneighborhoodsborderingoilrefineries,aspartofacampaigntomonitoranddocumentairpollutionwhichtheybelieveiscomingfromtheplants.

InSouthAfrica,asmmanydevelopingandnewlyindustrializedcountries,legislationonairpollutionhasfailedtokeeppacewithmushroomingindustries.Solocalresidents,likemanyinpoorcommunitiesaroundtheglobe,havefacedtheproblemofinvestigatingtheirclaimthatindustriesontheirdoorstepsaremakingthemsick.

Trade-off

Butthesnagisthatmodernsocietydemandsmanyofthem,andsomeareessentialforsurvival.Sowhileweinvoketheprecautionaryprinciple,whichalwaysrecommendserringonthesideofcaution,wehavetorecognizetherewillbetrade-offstobemade.

ThepesticideDDTdoesgreatdamagetowildlifeandcanaffectthehumannervoussystem,

A.3millionB.2.1millionC.1.6millionD.3.2million

18.

Agreatsloganshouldremindpeopleofthebrandname,sothenameshouldappearinthetagline.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

TheGiantPandasaremostactiveinthemorningand______.

20.

TheRomanEmpiredidnotallowtreecuttinginEuropeduringitsreign.

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.听力原文：M:YougotabunchofflowersforyourbirthdayfromJackandaboxofchocolatesfromJohn,didn'tyou,Alice?

W:It'sAlexwhosentmeflowersandIgotchocolatesfromJack.

Q:Fromwhomdidthewomangettheflowers?

(14)

A.Jack.B.Alice.C.John.D.Alex.

22.(47)

23.

【B10】

24.(22)

A.Shedoesn'tknowhowtoswim.

B.Thewaterwastoodeep.

C.Thewaterwastoocold.

D.Shedidn'thaveenoughtime.

25.(24)

A.Onlinegameservice.

B.Anicebarservice.

C.Goodlaundryservice.

D.Golfcourseservice.

26.(28)

A.Shebecamethefirstfemalephysician.

B.Shewasthefirstwomansurgeon.

C.Sheandseveralotherwomenfoundedthefirsthospitalforwomenandchildren.

D.Sheestablishedthefirstmedicalschoolforwomen.

27.听力原文：In1789theU.S.governmentpassedalawwhichsaidthatthelandoftheAmericanIndianscouldneverbetakenfromthemwithouttheiragreement.Onehundredyearslater,however,theIndiansonlyhadaverysmallpartofthelandthatoriginallybelongedtothem.Howdidthisgreatinjusticeoccur?

After1812,whitesettlersbegantomovewestacrossNorthAmerica.Atfirst,thesettlersandtheIndianslivedinpeace.However,thenumberofsettlersincreasedgreatlyeveryyear,andslowlytheIndiansbegantoseethewhitesettlersasadangertotheirsurvival.Tofeedthemselves,thesettlerskilledmoreandmorewildanimals.TheIndians,whodependedontheseanimalsforfood,hadtostruggleagainststarvation.TheSettleralsobroughtwiththemmanydiseaseswhichwerecommoninwhitesociety,butwhichwerenewfortheIndians.GreatnumbersofIndiansbecamesickanddied.Between1843and1854theIndianpopulationinoneareaofthecountrywentdownfrom100000to30000.

MorelandwasneededfortheIncreasingnumberofwhitesettlers.InWashington,theoldrespectfortherightsoftheIndiansdisappeared.TheoldpromisestotheIndianswerebroken,thefederalgovernmentbegantomovegroupsofIndiansfromtheiroriginalhomelandstootherpoorerpartsofthecountry.SomeIndiansreactedangrilyandviolentlytothistreatment.Theybegantoattackwhitesettlers.AndtheIndianWarsbegan.Forthirtyyears,untilthelate1880s,differentgroupsofIndiansfoughtagainsttheinjusticesofthewhiteman.ManyIndianswerekilled,thesurvivorsweremovedfromtheirhomelandstodifferentareasofthecountry.Itwasaterriblechapterinthehistoryofacountrythatpromisedfreedomandequalitytoeveryone.

(33)

A.Whenthewhitesettlersbegantomovewestin1812.

B.Whentheincreasingwhitesettlersbegantokillwildanimals.

C.WhenmanyIndiansbegantodiefromthediseases.

D.Whenthewhitesettlerswantedtooccupytheland.

28.(26)

A.TherearesomanyrestaurantsinLondon.

B.TherearesomanydeliciousfoodsinLondon.

C.ThelifeinLondonisdiverseandcolorful.

D.Thepeoplehereareveryfriendly.

29.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：Quiet,please.MayIhaveallofyourattention?Weneedtogetthismeetingstartedbecausewehavealottodobeforegraduation.MynameisTeresaGonzales,andIamthechairpersonofthegraduationcommitteeforthisyear.IappreciateyouallelectingmeasyourchairpersonandIwilldomybesttomakesurewehaveagreatgraduationceremony.Ijustneedallofyourcooperationtogeteverythingrunningsmoothly.

Youhaveallbeenselectedasrepresentativesforyourdepartmentstoplanthegraduationceremony.planningthiseventisveryimportantandyoushouldallfeelhonoredthatyourclassmatesthoughtsohighlyofyou.Rightnow,asheetofpaperisgoingaroundthatIneedyoualltofillout.Pleasewritedownyourname,telephonenumber,andwhatsectionoftheceremonyyouwouldliketohelporganize.Pleasekeepinmindthatallthepartsoftheceremonyrequireagreatdealoftimeanddedication.Sopleasesignuponlyforasectionyouhavetimefor.

Wheneveryonehassignedthepaperwiththeirname,telephonenumber,andsection,pleaseplacethepaperonmydesk.AtournextmeetingOnFriday,wewillbreakupingroupsandgettoworkoneverything.Startthinkingaboutideasforhowyouwanttoorganizeyoursmallcommitteesbeforethen.SeeyouonFriday.

(27)

A.Thechairpersonelectedbythemembersofthecommittee.

B.Oneoftherepresentativeswhoareinchargeofthegreatgraduationceremony.

C.Thechairpersonelectedbytherepresentativesofdifferentdepartments.

D.Thepersonwhoisinchargeoforganizingthegraduationceremonyeveryyear;

30.(32)

A.Becauseofthetechnologyprogress.

B.Becauseofthecomputerrevolution.

C.Becauseoftheinventionofcomputer.

D.Becauseofmicrowaveovens.

31.听力原文：M：Cynthiasaysthatfriendshipisn'tlove，butthatonecannotexistwithouttheother．

W：That'sanover-generalization.Sheshoulddefinebothconceptsfirst．

Q：WhatdoesthewomanthinkaboutCynthia'sopinion?

(16)

A.Shedisagreeswiththeman.

B.Shedoesn'tagreewithCynthia.

C.Shethinksit'snarrow-minded.

D.Shedoesn'tbelieveeitherofthem.

32.(29)

A.Becausehefilledoutthewrongform.

B.Becausetheofficerlaughedathim.

C.Becausehedidn'tknowwhatform.toget.

D.Becausehedidn'trealizetheform.wasinSpanish.

33.听力原文：M:IknewMaryplayedthepiano．butIdidn'tknowsheplayedtheguitar．

W:NeitherdidI．Itseemsshejustpickedituponherown，overthesummer．Shedoeshaveanartistictalent．

Q:WhatcanwelearnaboutMaryfromtheconversation?

(15)

A.Marydoesn'thavemuchtalentforthepiano.

B.Marytaughtherselftoplaytheguitar.

C.Marypreferstoplaytheguitarnow.

D.Marygottheguitarunexpectedlyonherwayhome.

34.听力原文：M:Mytelephonedoesn'tseemtobeworking.AndIhavelotsofcallsthatIhavetoreturnthisafternoon.

W:FeelfreetousemineifyouwantI'llbeinameetingtillfive.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

(16)

A.Callherafterfive.

B.Makecallsfromherphone.

C.Gotothemeetingwithher.

D.Fixhisphone.

35.听力原文：M:HowdoJaneandBillliketheirnewhome?

W:It'sreallycomfortable,butthey'retiredofhavingtohearthejetsgoovertheirhouseatallhours.

Q:WhatislocatedclosetoJaneandBill'snewhome?

(14)

A.Anairport.

B.Abusstation.

C.Asuperhighway.

D.Atrainstation.

36.

【B4】

37.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

听力原文：PresidentClintonlatertodayjoins(36)formerPresidentsFord,CarterandBushat"thepresident'ssummitforAmerica'sfuture(37)armedatrecruitingonemillionvolunteertutorstoprovideafter-school,weekendandsummerreadinghelpforuptothreemillionchildren.Mr.ClitonwillaskCongressthiscomingweekfornearlythree(38)billiondollarstofundafive-yearprogramcalled"AmericaReads".

Theprogramwouldfundthe(39)coordinationeffortsof20thousandreading(40)specialistsanditwouldalsogive(41)grantstohelpparentshelpchildrenreadbythethirdgradeoraboutageeight.DuringhisSaturdayradio(42)address,thepresidentexplainedwhythe(43)programisimportant."Weneed'AmericaReads'andweneeditnow.Studiesshowwhatifthefourth-gradersfalltoreadwell.(44)Theyarelikelytodropoutofschoolandlesslikelytosucceedinlife.But,40percentofthemstillcan'treadatabasiclevel."

Volunteertutors,whoprovidecommunityserviceinexchangeforcollegefunding,arebeingusedinliteracyandtutoringprograms.(45)TheprogramsinitiatedbyPresidentClintonhascomeonthecriticismbyCongress.Thepresidentsays,manyofthePhiladelphiasummit'scorporatesponsorswillrecruittutors.(46)DozensofcollegesanduniversitiesarepreparedtosendthousandsoftheirstudentsinsupportoftheProgram.

PresidentClintonlatertodayjoins【B1】______PresidentsFord,CarterandBushat"thepresident'ssummitforAmerica'sfuture"【B2】______atrecruitingonemillionvolunteertutorstoprovideafter-school,weekendandsummerreadinghelpforuptothreemillionchildren.Mr.ClitonwillaskCongressthiscomingweekfornearlythree【B3】______dollarstofundafive-yearprogramcalled"AmericaReads".

Theprogramwouldfundthe【B4】______effortsof20thousandreading【B5】______anditwouldalsogive【B6】______tohelpparentshelpchildrenreadbythethirdgrade,oraboutageeight.DuringhisSaturdayradio【B7】______,thepresidentexplainedwhythe【B8】______isimportant."Weneed'AmericaReads'andweneeditnow.studiesshowwhatifthefourth-gradersfailtoreadwell,【B9】________________________But,40percentofthemstillcan'treadatabasiclevel."

Volunteertutors,whoprovidecommunityserviceinexchangeforcollegefunding,arebeingusedinliteracyandtutoringprograms.【B10】__________________________

ThepresidentsaysmanyofthePhiladelphiasummit'scorporatesponsorswillrecruittutors.【B11】______________________________________

【B1】

38.(25)

A.Climbershavetheopportunitytobeoutsideandenjoythescenery.

B.Climbingisn'tasexpensiveasothersports.

C.Learningtoclimbdoesn'ttakeaverylongtime.

D.Climbersdevelopskillsusefulinotheractivities.

39.(36)

A.Thereceptionisafairlylargeone.

B.Therearefewguests.

C.Theparentscannotaffordtohireahall.

D.Thereistobenopartyafterwards.

40.听力原文：W:Ithinkweoughttoturnaroundandheadbackdownthetrail.

M:Tired,afterjustafewmiles?

W:Notatall,butthosearecumulonimbuscloudsbuildingupthere.

M:So,Idon'treallycareifitgetscloudy.Thesun'sbeenprettystrong.

W:Right,butthosecloudsmeanathunderstorm,lotsofrainandsometimesevenhailwiththosekindsofclouds.

M:Thatdoesn'tsoundsogreat,butIthoughtthatthesecumuluswerefairweatherclouds.

W:YouarethinkingofcumuluscloudsIbet.Thosearedefinitelycumulonimbus.

M:Howonearthdidyoueverlearnallthat,fromameteorologicalcourse?

W:I'manEnglishmajor,butgrowinguponafarm,youlearnalotaboutweather.

M:Youconvinceme,let'sturnback,andmaybeonthewaydown,youcangivealessononclouds.

W:Asurething,butlet'sgetgoing.

(23)

A.Onamountaintrail.

B.Inaclassroom.

C.Ataweatherstation.

D.Ataplanetarium.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.(56)

42.

Whatdoeshumansocietydependontomakeprogressaccordingtotheauthor?

43.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.96percentoftheearth'ssurfaceiscoveredbyice.

B.Over10millionsquaremilesoftheearth'ssurfacearecoveredbyicenow.

C.Almostalloftheicesheetscovetingthelandandglaciersinthemountainshavebeenhidden.

D.Mostoftheiceontheearth'ssurfaceislocatedinAntarcticandGreenlandforthetimebeing.

44.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Howeveryouviewcreditcards,it'shardtoliveinthemodernworldwithoutone.Andifyouhaveone,youoweittoyourselftouseitproperly.

Althoughcreditcardsarebecomingamoreacceptablepartofthefinancialscene,theyarestillregardedwithsuspicionbymanyasbeingamajorpartofthe"livenowpaylater"syndrome.Alongwithhirepurchase,rentalandleasingschemes,theyprovideencouragementtospendmoremoney.Theycanallowyoutopileupdebtsthatyouhavedifficultypayingoff,theycanalsoletyouspendnextmonth'ssalarytoday.Ofcourse,itisonlythefoolhardywhosuccumbtothetemptationtolive,temporarilyatleast,beyondtheirmeans,andsuchpeoplewouldnodoubtmanagetodosoevenwithoutcreditcards.

Advertisingcampaignshave,however,promotedagrowingrealizationoftheadvantagesofthesesmallpiecesofplastic.Theyobviatetheneedtocarrylargeamountsofcashandarealwaysusefulinemergencies.Allthecreditcardorganizationschargeinterestonamonthlybasiswhichmayworkoutashighas25percentayear,yetjudiciouspurchasingusingacardcanmeanthatyouobtainuptosevenweeksinterestfreecredit.Usingthecardabroadwhereitemsfrequentlytakealongtimetobeincludedonyouraccountcanextendthisperiodevenfurther.

Itisworthwhileshoppingaroundbeforedecidingonaparticularcreditcard.Itisnecessarytoconsidertheamountofcreditgranted;interestrates,whichmayvaryslightly;thenumberandrangeofoutlets,thoughmostcardscovermajorgarages,hotels,restaurantsanddepartmentsstores;andofcourse,whathappensifyourcardislostorstolen.Acreditcardthiefmaybesittingonapotentialgoldmineparticularlyifthereisdelayinreportingthelossofthecard.

Usingacreditcardwiselytakesdisciplineandalittleself-control.Onceyourealizeyourdebtissomeoneelse'sprofitmargin,yourapproachtoyourplasticwillchange.Withabitofdisciplineandsomesavvy,youcanmakeyourcardsworkforyou,ratherthantheotherwayround.Asamatteroffact,acreditcardcancostnothingoratleasthelptotideyouoveraperiodoffinancialdifficulty.

Manypeoplesuspectthatcreditcardslurepeopleto______.

45.【S6】

46.

Theauthorofthepassagewantstotellusthat______.

A.AmericanslikesportsandsportsrevealmuchaboutthechangingethnicstructureoftheUnitedStates

B.inWashington,severalgamesareplayedinoneday

C.Americanslikeallkindsofgames

D.theAmericangamesarewatchedbynative-Americansandplayedbypeoplefromdifferentcountries

47.

Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat______.

A.itisquitesmoothforBorisFyodorovtoburycommunism

B.BorisFyodorovowedratherlargefortuneincludingablackcar

C.whatBorisFyodorovdidisoutofprudenceandcarefulthinking

D.BorisFyodorovestablishedUnitedFinancialGroupwithafriendin1994

48.

Tripsbyseaisregardedastheworstmeansoftravelingwhen______.

A.theweatheristerrible

B.thetravelerhaslittletime

C.thetravelerfeelsseasick

D.theseaisnotcalm

49.

Theoldpeoplebelievethat______.

A.theoldvaluestheyhavekepttoshouldalsochangewiththeadvancingsociety

B.theyknowmorebecausetheyhaveexperiencedmuchmoreoflife

C.youngpeoplearegoodsuccessorstotheirideals

D.youngpeopleshouldnotcontinuetolivethewaytheydid

50.

Humanbabiesareborninimmature,helplessstates,owingto______.

A.theearlybirthofhumanfetuses

B.thebigbrainsofthefetus

C.theconstrictedbirthcanalsofthemother

D.bothbigbrainsandconstrictedbirthcanals

51.

Theexampleinparagraph8indicatedthat______.

A.thelocalpeopledonotmindconservingthenaturalenvironment

B.thelocalpeopleshouldfurthercontroltheriseofpopulation

C.theincreaseoflocalpopulationledtothedecreaseofbiodiversity

D.theincreaseofindividualhouseholdsledtothedecreaseofbiodiversity

52.

Sleepisdescribedas______.

A.agradualpartingfromtherealworld

B.undisturbedbytensionorproblems

C.drowninginanoceanofdarkness

D.dependentonlyUponindividualageandhealth

53.

TheIsraeliairlineElAltriestoidentifysuspiciousbehaviorsby______.

54.

Whydopeoplefeelsqueezedwhentheiraverageincomerisesconsiderably?

A.Theirmaterialpursuitshavegonefaraheadoftheirearnings.

B.Theirpurchasingpowerhasdroppedmarkedlywithinflation.

C.Thedistributionofwealthisunevenbetweentherichandthepoor.

D.Healthcareandeducationalcostshavesomehowgoneoutofcontrol.

55.

DouglasLecomtemostprobablyagreesthatbetween1998and2001______.

A.thenumberofhurricanesofthewesternU.S.soared

B.itwasthefirsttimewhenLaaffectedtheU.S.

C.therainfallofthewesternU.S.greatlyreduced

D.itwasthelongestLaperiodinhistory

56.

Accordingtotheauthor,whatplaysnosignificantroleinrealfriendship?

A.Timespenttogether.

B.Gender.

C.Afullmommy-and-metimetablc.

D.Somethingtotalkabout.

57.

Whatdoyouthinkofthefinalparagraph?

58.

Thewriterwouldapproveanunsuccessfulpoliticalcandidate______.

A.gaveupallhisopportunities

B.promisedtotryagainnexttime

C.overthrewthegovernmentbyforce

D.toldthepeoplethetruthabouthisopponent

59.Althoughtherearebodylanguagesthatcancrossculturalboundaries,cultureisstillasignificantfactorinallbodylanguages.Thisisparticularlytrueofpersonalspaceneeds.Forexample,Dr.EdwardHallhasshownthatinJapancrowdingtogetherisasignofwarmandpleasantintimacy.Incertainsituations,HallbelievesthattheJapaneseprefercrowding.

DonaldKeene,whowroteLivingJapan,notesthefactthatintheJapaneselanguagethereisnowordforprivacy.Still,thisdoesnotmeanthatthereisnoconceptoftheneedtobeapartfromothers.TotheJapanese,privacyexistsintermsofhishouse.Heconsidersthisareatobehisown,andhedislikesinvasionofit.Thefactthathecrowdstogetherwithothersdoesnotcontradicthisneedforlivingspace.

Dr.HallseesthisasareflectionoftheJapaneseconceptofspace.Westerners,hebelieved,seespaceasthedistancebetweenobjects;tothemspaceisempty.TheJapanese,ontheotherhand,seespaceashavingasmuchmeaningastheirflowerarrangementsandart,andtheshapeoftheirgardensaswell,whereunitsofspacebalancetheareascontainingflowersorplants.

LiketheJapanese,theArabstooprefertobeclosetooneanother.Butwhileinpublictheyarecrowdedtogether,inprivacy,theypreferagreatdealofspace.ThetraditionalorwealthyArabhouseislargeandempty,withfamilyoftencrowdedtogetherinonesmallareaofit.TheArabsdonotliketobealone,andevenintheirspacioushousestheywillhuddletogether.

ThedifferencebetweentheArabhuddlingandtheJapanesecrowdingisadeepthing.TheArabsliketotouchhiscompanion.TheJapanese,intheircloseness,preserveaformalityandacooldignity.Theymanagetotouchandstillkeeprigidboundaries.TheArabspushtheseboundariesaside.

Alongwiththiscloseness,thereisapushingandshovingintheArabworldthatmanyWesternersfinduncomfortable,evenunpleasant.ToanAmerican,forexample,therearepersonalboundarieseveninapublicplace.Whenheiswaitinginline,hebelievesthathisplacethereishisalone,andmaynotbeinvadedbyanother.TheArabhasnoconceptofprivacyinthepublicplace,andifhecanrushhiswayintoaline,hefeelsperfectlywithinhisrightstodoso.ToanAmerican,thebodyissacred;hedislikesbeingtouchedbyastranger,andwillapologizeifhetouchesanotheraccidentally.ToanArab,bodilycontactisaccepted.

HallpointsoutthatanArabneedsattimestobealone,nomatterhowclosehewishestobe,physically,tohisfellowmen.Tobealone,hesimplycutsoffthelinesofcommunication.Heretreatsintohimself,mentallyandspiritually,andthiswithdrawalisrespectedbyhiscompanions.IfanAmericanwerewithanArabwhowithdrewinthisway,hewouldregarditasimpolite,aslackofrespect,evenasaninsult.

What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.ArabsandJapanesehavedifferentideasofprivacy.

B.Bodylanguagesreflectculturalconcepts.

C.CulturaldifferencesbetweentheWest