2022年10月高等教育自学考试 00015英语(二)试题

2022年10月高等教育自学考试英语（二）试题课程代码：000151．请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。选择题部分注意事项：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。第一部分：阅读判断（第1～10题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题纸相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。LackinginSelf－Esteem（自尊）?GoodforYou！Accordingtopsychologicalandeducationaltheories，self－esteemisessentialforasuccessfullife．Generationsofchildren，especiallyminoritykids，havebeeneducatedaccordingtothetheorythattheylackself－esteem，andthatthisdeficiencyiscentraltoanyproblemstheymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld．Well，guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself－esteemcanbejustashighamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrizewinnersandformerpresidents．Infact，peoplewithhighself－esteemcanengageinfarmoreanti－socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself－esteem．“Weusedtobelievethathighself－esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesandthatifweraisedself－esteem，peoplewoulddobetterinlife，”aresearchersaid．“Mostly，thedatahavefailedtosupportthat．”Racists，streetthugs（恶棍）andschoolbulles（恶霸）allhavehighscoresontheself－esteemtests．Andyoucanseewhy．Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted，you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeopledon'ttreatyouthatway．Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyourpride．Afterall，whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomethingwrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self－esteemcanalsobeaneducationalconcern．Collegeteachersareconstantly浙00015#英语（二）试题第1页（共8页）complainingaboutthehighself－esteemoftheirstudents．Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoastomakethekidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork，thekidcandevelopself－esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth．Whenhe'stoldheisgettingaCgradeincollege，hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremelyangry．Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure—hence，gradeinflation，whichresultsintheirstudents’vaguetouchwithreality．1．Itisbelievedthatminoritykidsoftenhaveself－esteemproblems．A．TrueB．FalseC．NotGiven2．Anewresearchshowsthathighself－esteemisessentialtosuccess．A．TrueB．FalseC．NotGiven3．Parentsareresponsiblefortheirchildren'sself－esteem．A．TrueB．FalseC．NotGiven4．Anti－socialbehaviorisrelatedtolowself－esteem．A．TrueB．FalseC．NotGiven5．Racistshavelowself－esteem．A．TrueB．FalseC．NotGiver6．Peoplewithhighself－esteemarehurtmoreeasily．A．TrueB．FalseC．NotGiven7．Collegestudentsarefacedwithhigheconomicpressure．A．TrueB．FalseC．NotGiven8．Collegeteachersareoftenannoyedwithstudents'highself－esteem．A．TrueB．FalseC．NotGiven9．Highgradeshelpstudentsknowthetruthofthemselves．A．TrueB．FalseC．NotGiven10．SomecollegestudentsmayfindaCgradeoffending．A．TrueB．FalseC．NotGiven第二部分：阅读选择（第11～15题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题纸相应位置上将该项涂黑。OrganicFarmingDuringthousandsofyearsofhumancivilization，theraisingofanimalsandgrowingofplantshavealwaysbeenorganic．Chemicalsforfarmingfirstcameupattheturnofthe20thcentury．WidespreaduseofchemicalsbeganafterWorldWarI．Inthe1950sand60sfarmersstartedusingchemicalfertilizersandpesticides（杀虫剂）．Recently，however，moreandmorefarmershavebeenreturningtoorganicfarming．Inorganicfarming，farmproductsareproducedinmorenaturalways．Crops，meatandotherfoodareproducedwithoutchemicals．Chemicalfertilizers，pesticides，andgrowthhormones（激素）areforbidden．Farmersenrichthesoilwithnaturalfertilizers．Theypulloutweedsbyhand．Hayandstrawareputbetweentherowsofplantstostopweeding．Theyrelyonthenaturalenemiesofpeststocontrolpests．Animalsarefedorganicallyandcaneatgrassoutdoors．Cows，forexample，arekeptinpastures（草场）andfields．Vegetablesandfruitarealsoproducedwithorganicmethods．Organicfarmingenjoysmanyadvantages．Forexample，croprotationcanpreservethegoodqualitiesofsoils．Thegrowingofdifferentcropscankeepsoilshealthyandfertile．Organicfarmingishealthierforfarmworkers，andtherearefewerremainsofchemicalsinfood．Inthelongterm，organicfarmssaveenergyandprotecttheenvironment．Itcanslowdownglobalwarmingandreducethepollutionofgroundwater．Meanwhile，therearesomedisadvantages．Organicfoodismoreexpensive．Organicproductsmaycostupto40%more．Productioncostsarehigherasfarmersneedmoreworkers，andthelandoutputismuchless．Marketinganddistributionisnotefficientbecauseorganicfoodisproducedinsmalleramounts．Cropillnessmayhappenveryoften．Besides，organicfarmingcannotproduceenoughfoodfortheworld'spopulationtosurvive．Thiscouldleadtostarvationincountriesthatcanproduceenoughfoodtoday．11．OrganicfarmingA．startedinthe1950sC．hasbecomepopularinrecentyearsB．hadashorthistoryD．waspromotedbyWorldWarI12．Inorganicfarming，A．cowscanmovearoundinfieldsB．naturalenemiesofpestsarescarceC．chemicalsareusedtokillpestsD．machinesareusedtopulloutweeds13．Thephrase“croprotation”（Para．3）probablymeans“??A．growinghigh－yieldingcropsB．seasonalgrowingofcropsC．plantingsoil－enrichingcropsD．regularchangingofcrops14．OneadvantageoforganicfarmingisthatitisA．water－savingB．labor－savingC．market－friendlyD．environment－friendly15．TheproblemoforganicfarmingisA．poorqualitiesofsoilsB．highproductioncostsC．theuseoftoomuchlandD．theshortageoffarmworkers第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16～25题，每题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：（1）从第16～20题后所给的6个选项中为第0～6段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）从第21～25题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。在答题纸相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。HealthBenefitsofHoneywithMilkHoneyandmikgetalongwell．Sinceancienttimesthismixisknownforitsamazinghealthbenefits．①Takeaglassofhoneywithmilkbeforeyousetoutforyourdayinthemorning，andyouareguaranteedenoughenergytogetthroughthemorningrush．Milkprovidesyoutheproteinsrequiredwhilehoneyhelpsyougettheenergybybreakingdowntheseproteins．Nowonderthisdrinkismeantforallagesalike．2Mikisknownforprovidingcalcium（钙），which，inrightlevels，helpsinpreventingbonediseasesasweage．Researchhasindicatedthathoneydoesagoodjobofcarryingnutrients（营养成分）inthefoodthroughthebloodtovariouspartsofthebody．Inparticular，honeyhelpsintheabsorptionofcalcium，thevitalpartofmilk．③lfyouaskdoctorsoryourgrandmotherforasolutiontoyoursleeplessness，youareboundtogetthesameanswer—aglassofwarmmilkwithhoney．Itisbestknowntoinducesleep．Sotakeitregularlyifyouhavesleepingproblems．4Milkandhoneynotonlyhelpinpreventingagingbykeepingtheskinglowing，butalsoimproveyourbodyasawholeastheycontainantioxidants（抗氧化物）．Thesehelpkeepthebodyyoungandflexible．Foraverylongtime，thishasbeenanopensecretinkeepingyourbodylookandfeelyoung6Bothmilkandhoneyareknowntowardoffharmfulbacteriainourbody，buttheircombinedstrengthismoreeffectiveinachievingthiseffect．Coughandcoldcanbepreventedbytakingthisdrinkregularly．Italsoaidsindigestionandtreatingboweldisorders．Task116．Paragraph17．Paragraph18．Paragraph19．Paragraph20．Paragraph①：②：3④：6：A．HoneymilkfordigestionB．HoneymilkforayouthfulglowC．HoneymilkforstrongerbonesD．HoneymilkforenergyE．HoneymilkforasoundsleepF．HoneymilkforantibacterialbenefitsTask221．Milkisrich22．Milkandhoneyhelp23．Honeyhelpstheabsorption24．Yourbodymaybendormoveeasilyifyou25．DrinkinghoneymilkregularlycanpreventA．inproteinsandcalciumB．fatandsugarC．coughandcoldD．keepoffharmfulbacteriaE．drinkmilkwithhoneyF．ofcalciuminmilk第四部分：填句补文（第26～30题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题纸相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。Insomnia（失眠）Ijustcouldnotfallasleeptheothernight．Ijustdidn'tfeelsleepy．Ican'texplainwhy，butitwasreallyannoying．Igotveryboredlyinginbed，soIdecidedtoreadabook．26ButevenwhenIfinishedreading，Istilldidn'tfeeltired．SoIlistenedtosomepeacefulmusic．Thatdidn'twork，either．Ihaveheardpeoplesayifyouhaveawarmdrinkbeforebedtimeitwillhelpyoudriftofftosleep．SoIwentdownstairsandmademyselfacupoftea．27Still，Icouldn'tsleep．Iwasgettingveryfrustratedbythispoint！Itfeltstrangetobeawakewhileeveryoneelsewasasleep．28．Infact，itwasalittlebitfrightening．Whenyougotosleep，itfeelslikeonedayendsandanotherbegins．Butifyoustayuplate，yourealizethatdayandnightarejustagentletransition（转变），acyclewhichhasnoendandnobeginning．At4a．m．，Inoticedafaintlightcomingthroughmycurtains．Thesunhadstartedtorise！Normally，I'maveryheavysleeper．29SoonthisoccasionIconsideredmyselfluckytoseeabeautifulsunrise．Asthesuncameupintheeast，thebirdsstartedtosingtheirmorningsongs．IknewIneededtogetsomerest，butitseemedtheharderItriedtoforcemyselfasleep，themoredifficultitwas．Eventually，Ijustletmymindgofree．30Ilistenedtothebirdsong…andthenextthingIknewitwas1la．m．！IwashappythatIhadmanagedtogetsomesleep！Ihaveneverstruggledwithsleepingbefore，sothiswasmyfirstexperienceofinsomnia．Fortunately，Ihavebeensleepingwellsincethen．A．Theworldseemedsoquiet．B．Istoppedforcingmyselftosleep．C．Aftermytea，Igotbackintobed．D．Ididn'twanttowakeupmyfamily．E．Ithoughtreadingwouldhelpmegettosleep．F．Ihadneverbeenawakeatthistimeinthemorning．第五部分：填词补文（第31～40题，每题1．5分，共15分）下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中10个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题纸相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。SmilesAsmilecostsnothing，butcreatesmuch．Itenrichesthosewho31withoutmakingthosewhogivepoor．Ithappensina32andthememoryofitsometimeslasts33Nonearesorichthattheycangetalongwithoutit，andnoneso34butarericherforitsbenefits．Itcreates35inthehome，andfostersgoodwillinabusiness．Itisresttotheweary（疲劳的），daylighttothe36andsunshinetothesad．Yetitcannotbebought，begged，borrowed，orstolen，foritissomethingthatisnoearthlygoodtoanybodytillitisgiven37．Andifinthelast－minuterushofChristmas38，someofoursalespeopleshouldbetoo39togiveyouasmile，maywe40youtoleaveoneofyours?Fornobodyneedsasmilesomuchasthosewhohavenonelefttogive！A．foreverB．awayC．happinessD．satisfiedE．discouragedI．poorF．flashJ．enoughG．receiveK．buyingH．tiredL．ask非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。第六部分：完形补文（第41～50题，每题1．5分，共15分）下面的短文有10处空白，每处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌，并将答案写在答题纸相应的位置