新课程开发诗歌valediction

多情自古伤离别——谈中国诗词中的离别意象芳草长亭柳酒夕阳离愁别恨

描述一个经典的古代告别场面需要那些关键词？古道笛声山送别诗常见意象（images）地点:长亭、南浦、古道、渡口时间:傍晚、月夜物象:芳草、晚风、柳树、笛声、远山、浊酒

“长亭”、“南浦”、“柳”、“芳草”、“酒”等别离主题赖以生发的意象，往往被作家们交织在同一首作品中，共同负起烘托、渲染或写照、象征离愁别恨的使命。1.黯然销魂者，唯别而已矣！

------江淹《别赋》2.此夜曲中闻折柳，何人不起故园情？

------李白《春夜洛城闻笛》3.日暮酒醒人已远，满天风雨下西楼。

-------许浑《谢亭送别》4.与子交手兮东行，送美人兮南浦。

——屈原《九歌.河伯》5.青青河边草，绵绵思远道。远道不可思，夙昔梦见之。

——乐府《相和歌辞.饮马长城窟行》6.浮云游子意，落日故人情。挥手自兹去，萧萧班马鸣。

——李白《送友人》AValediction:ForbiddingMourning----JohnDonne(1572-1631)Notes:“valediction”meanstheactofsayingfarewell

JohnDonne(1572-1631)Nationality:England,UKHometown:LondonFamilybackground:bornintoawealthfamilyMainAchievements:MetaphysicalPoetry(玄学派诗歌)writingstyle:extraordinaryfrankness,fantasticmetaphors,extravaganthyperbolesandpenetratingrealismMetaphysicalPoetryMetaphysicalpoetryischaracterizedby:♫verbalwitandexcess♫ingeniousstructure,irregularmeter♫

inventiveuseofconceits♫colloquiallanguage♫adrawingtogetherofdissimilarideas(conceit)PART1PART2PART3PART4Thewholepoemfallsintofourparts:

Part1(Stanza1-2)Asvirtuousmenpassmildlyaway,Andwhispertotheirsoulstogo,Whilstsomeoftheirsadfriendsdosay,Thebreathgoesnow,andsomesay,no;Soletusmelt,andmakenonoise,Notear-floods,norsigh-tempestsmove;'TwereprofanationofourjoysTotellthelaityourlove.ofmoralexcellenceMorewaystosay“die”:

1.One'stimehascome.2.expire3.perish4.sleepthefinalsleep5.restinpeace6.meetone'send7.becalledhome8.returntothedustwhileItweredegradationofsomethingworthyofrespectlayman,ordinarypeopleReadPartOneandanswerthefollowingquestions:1.HowmanypairsofmetaphorscanyoufindinPartOne?Whatarethey?2.What'sthemainideaofthispart?Three.Parting---death,tears---floods,sigh---tempests“We”shouldacceptseparationinthesamewaythatvirtuousdyingmenquietlyaccepttheirdeaths,forgettingtheseparationofphysicalbodiesandvaluingthetogethernessofspiritualsouls.Part2(Stanza3)Movingofth'earthbringsharmsandfears;Menreckonwhatitdid,andmeant;Buttrepidationofthespheres,Thoughgreaterfar,isinnocent.theearthearthquakebelieve,supposemovementWhatdoes“innocent”meanhere?Pleasetrytoparaphrasethelasttwolines.Part3(Stanza4-6)Dullsublunarylovers'love(Whosesoulissense)cannotadmitAbsence,becauseitdothremoveThosethingswhichelementedit.Butwebyalove，somuchrefined,Thatourselvesknownotwhatitis,beneaththemoon,thusmundaneandsubjecttochangeessencecomposedInter-assuredofthemind,Careless,eyes,lipsandhandstomiss.Ourtwosoulstherefore,whichareone,ThoughImustgo,endurenotyetAbreach,butanexpansion,Likegoldtoairythinnessbeat.becloselyattachedtoeachotherWhatdoes“eyes,lipsandhands”standforhere?afailuretoperformsomepromisesactorobligationsLikegoldbeattoairythinnessMakeacomparison:

dullsublunarylover'slove

ourlove

essenceis

separationmeans

foundationfeaturessensesoulbreachexpansionunstablestablephysical,unrefinedspiritual,refinedPart4(Stanza7-9)Iftheybetwo,theyaretwosoAsstifftwincompassesaretwo;Thysoul,thefixedfoot,makesnoshowTomove,butdoth,ifth'otherdo.Andthoughitinthecentresit,Yetwhentheotherfardothroam,refersto“thesoulsofthepoetandhiswifeAsthetwolegsofacampassinsuchaway=theotherAndthoughitsitsinthecentreWhentheotherdoesroamfar.analogyItleans,andhearkensafterit,Andgrowserect,asthatcomeshome.Suchwiltthoubetome,whomust,Liketh'otherfoot,obliquelyrun;Thyfirmnessmakesmycirclejust,AndmakesmeendwhereIbegun.listen倾听Whatdoes“it”meanrespectively?willslantinglyAfteracircleisdrawn,thefootthatdrawsthecircumfrencereturnstothefootsittingatthecenterofthecircle.Themainthreadofthispoemdevelopsfarewellasmildastheplainingdeathsofvirtuousmentoweepwouldbe"profanationofourjoys."harmful“Movingoftheearth”toinnocent"trepidationofthespheres,"dullsublunarylovers“love”andtheirlove“Inter-assuredofthemind”theunityoftwosoulsexpandsratherthanbreaksthefeetoftwincompasses

Real,completeloveunitesnotonlythebodiesofahusbandandwifebutalsotheirsouls.Suchspiritualloveistranscendent,metaphysical,keepingtheloverstogetherintellectuallyandspirituallyeventhoughthecircumstancesofeverydaylifemayseparatetheirbodies.

Theme

别离辞：节哀卞之琳译正如德高人逝世很安然，对灵魂轻轻的说一声走，悲伤的朋友们聚在旁边，有的说断气了，有的说没有。让我们化了，一声也不作，泪浪也不翻，叹风也不兴；那是亵渎我们的欢乐——要是对俗人讲我们的爱情。地动会带来灾害和惊恐，人们估计它干什么，要怎样可是那些天体的震动，虽然大得多，什么也不伤。世俗的男女彼此的相好，（他们的灵魂是官能）就最忌别离，因为那就会取消组成爱恋的那一套东西。我们被爱情提炼得纯净，自己都不知道存什么念头互相在心灵上得到了保证，再不愁碰不到眼睛、嘴和手。两个灵魂打成了一片，虽说