人教版高一英语模块一unit1 The attributive clause 2定语从句2

本文格式为Word版，下载可任意编辑——人教版高一英语模块一unit1Theattributiveclause2定语从句2定语从句课题名称教学目标教学重点教学难点定语从句2授课教师：把握关系代词与关系副词的区别；把握定语从句中关系代词的特别用法关系代词&关系副词的选择设计意图通过翻译句子把握句子结构由关系副词（when/where/why）引导的定语从句关系副词可替代的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，假使在从句中作状语，此时要选择关系副词。此时，关系副词=介词+关系代词why=forwhichwhere=in/at/on/...which(介词同先行词搭配)when=during/on/in/...which(介词同先行词搭配)考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词1、定语从句中谓语动词为及物动词。确定是否_主语和宾语都齐全__。如__齐全__，证明从句中不缺主语和宾语，所以，用关系副词，即先行词在从句中作状语。用什么关系副词看__先行词___。例：IwillneverforgetthedaywhenImetmyfavoritestar.主句：Iwillneverforgettheday。我永远不会忘掉那一天。教学过程从句：Imetmyfavoritestarontheday.我在那一天见到了我最喜欢的明星。=IwillneverforgetthedayonwhichImetmyfavoritestar.对比：Iwillneverforgetthedayswhich/thatwespenttogether.主句：Iwillneverforgetthedays。我永远不会忘掉那些天。从句：Wespentthedaystogether.我们一起度过那些天。（thedays在从句中作宾语）Iwillneverforgetthedays(______Istayedwithyou).JurassicParkisaboutapark______(averyrichmankeepsdifferentKindsofdinosaurs).1958wastheyear______(Spielbergmadehisfirstrealfilm).Pleasegivemethereason_____(youmadesuchagreatsuccess).Morningisthebesttime______(youpractisereadingaloud).Doyourememberthelake_____(youfirstmetyourgirlfriend.）2、定语从句中谓语动词为不及物动词。若从句无__主语__，则用__关系代词_；若有主第1页

语，则用__关系副词___，即先行词在从句中作状语。例1：Thiswasthetimewhenhearrived.解析：主句：Thiswasthetime.这就是那个时间。从句：Hearrivedatthetime.他在那个时间到达。（thetime在从句作状语）=Thiswasthetimeatwhichhearrived.例2：Thisisthefactorywhereheworks.主句：Thisisthefactory。这就是那家工厂。从句：Heworksinthefactory.他在那家工厂上班。（thefactory在从句中作状语）=Thisisthefactoryinwhichheworks.对比：Thisisthefactorythatmyfatherbuiltlastyear.主句：Thisisthefactory。这就是那家工厂。从句：Myfatherbuiltthefactorylastyear.我爸爸去年建了这家工厂(thefactory在从句中作宾语)Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse______(thegreatwriterusedtolive).Thehouse______(theybuiltin1987)stayedupintheearthquake.Myfatherwasbornintheyear______(theSecondWorldWarbrokeout).3、如定语从句中先行词是时间、地点名词，且谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，则用__关系副词__。Kunmingisabeautifulplace______(flowersareseenalltheyearround).October1stistheday________(newChinawasfounded).4.why指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例：Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.=Nobodyknowsthereasonforwhichheisoftenlateforschool.注意：关系副词when,where,why,的含义相当于“介词+which〞结构，因此往往和“介词+which“结构交替使用。例：IwillneverforgetthedayonwhichImetmyfavoritestar.NanjingistheplaceinwhichIwasborn.Isthisthereasonforwhichherefusedouroffer??注意：率先行词为point,situation,case，stage时定语从句可用where引导1.Themediacandrawattentiontosituationwherehelpisneeded.2.Wehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorights.3.Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcaseswherebeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.4.Wearejusttryingtoreachapointwherebothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.考点二：that和which的选择(1)that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在以下状况引导词只用that，不用which。①率先行词为_everything,anything,nothing(something),all,none,few,little,some等不定代词_时。第2页

All____________canbedonehasbeendone.Iamsureshehassomething___________youcanborrow.Thereislittle__________theenemycandobesidessurrender.②先行词被_every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等代词修饰时。I’vereadallthebooks__________yougaveme.③先行词是_形容词最高级修饰或被序数词修饰_时。Thisisthebestbook___________I’veeverread.Thisisthefirstcomposition_____________hehaswritteninEnglish.④先行词被__thevery,theonly修饰__修饰时。Thatwhitefloweristheonlyone__________Ireallylike.Thisistheverybook___________Iwanttofind.⑤当有_人又有物_时，这个定语从句要用that而不用who(whom)和which引导。Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools___________hehadvisited.⑥先行词是疑问词__who,which等疑问代词____时，定语从句用that而不用who,(whom)和which引导。Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesnotknowthis?Whatthatisonthetablebelongstome?⑦当关系代词在从句中作___表语___时。Maryisnolongerthegirl___________sheusedtobe.Chinaisnolongerthecountry___________itusedtobe.（2）不能用that的状况：非限定性定语从句中，关系代词可用which/who/whom，which/whom可用于介词后，其先行词可是_一个词__,也可是_整个主句或主句的一部分__。1Sheheardaterriblenoise,______broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that2.Theweatherturnedouttobegood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.It考点三：as与which引导的定语从句1、假使定语放主句后，即可用__as也可用which__.Hefailedtotheexam,as(=which)isnatural.Sheseemsascientist,as(=which)infactsheis.第3页

Grammarisnotadeadrule,which(=as)Ihavesaidbefore.2、假使从句在主句前，这时__as___引导定语从句。__________weallknow,hisparentswerekilledinthewar.__________weallknow,theearthisround.3.用于_thesame…as…,such…as…，as…as…,so…as…_中，一般用as。Suchbooks_________youtellmeareinteresting.Thisisthesamebook___________Ilentyouyesterday.Hereissobigastone_________nomancanlift.4.as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如beknown，besaid，bereported等，如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用which作主语。e.g.Shehasbeenlateagain,aswasexpected.Tomhasmadegreatprogress,whichmadeushappy.5.假使从句的内容对主句内容起着消极作用，或者说导致的结果，则用which.Hecamebacklate,whichmadehismotherworried.注意：当主句和从句之间存在着规律上的因果关系时，关系词往往只用which。如：Tomwaslateforschoolagainandagain,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.汤姆老是迟到，这使得老师很恼6.以theway为先行词的限制性定语从句寻常由inwhich或that引导，而且寻常可以省略。如：Theway(that/inwhich)heansweredthequestionswassurprising.他回复这些问题的方式令人诧异。考点四：关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中动词与_先行词的规律关系_。Isthatthenewspaper__________youoftenwritearticles?2.根据从句中_动词或形容词_的习惯搭配。Canyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidioms_______________I’msure.3.根据_先行词与介词__的搭配习惯。1949wastheyear_________theP.R.C.wasfounded.4.非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“_数词/代词+of+关系代词_〞的结构。Thereare50studentsinourclass,___________________havebeentoBeijing.我们班有50个学生，三分之二去过北京。注意区别：Theoldmanhasthreesons,twoofwhomaredoctors.Theoldmanhasthreesonsandtwoofthemaredoctors.第4页

5.Whose从句可转换为“the+n.+of+which或of+which+n.〞型。Theyliveinahouse,thedoor___________openstothesouth.=Theyliveinahouse,___________dooropenstothesouth.A．ofwhichB.whoseC.whichofD.which6.关系副词when,where,why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。如：when=_in/on/at…+which_,where=_in/on/at…+which_,why=_for+which_，介词的位置十分灵活，有时放在_关系代词之前_，有时放在_在动词之后_。Iwon’tforgetthedate__________Iwasborn.Thisistheroom___________Ilived.=Thisistheroom____________Ilivedin.Idon’tknowthereason___________hehasn’tcometoday.Tomstillremembersthedays__________theylivedinTianjin.是否所有的介词+关系代词都能用关系副词代替？？Thepainting(__________Ilooked)waspaintedbyme.Thebook(______________Iheard)waswrittentwentyyearsago.Thepen(____________shewrotethatbook)cannowbeseeninamuseum.Thefilm(_____________Ifellasleep)wasveryboring.Kunmingisabeautifulplac